1
|
Ul Haq F, Imran M, Saleem S, Aftab U, Muazzam A, Rafi A, Jamal M, Safi SZ. Chemical characterization and cytotoxic effect of three edible fungi (Morchella) against breast cancer cells: A therapeutic approach. KUWAIT JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2025; 52:100285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
|
2
|
Abouelezz HM, El-Kashef DH, Abdеlaziz RR, Nader MA. Tiron enhances the anti-cancer activity of doxorubicin in DMBA-induced breast cancer: Role of Notch signaling/apoptosis/autophagy/oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 193:114968. [PMID: 39214269 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Existing work intended to investigate the outcomes of the localized mitochondrial antioxidant tiron (TR) alone or in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats and the mechanistic pathways behind these effects. Also, to examine the preventive role of TR against DOX-related cardiotoxicity. 64 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 8 groups: CTRL, DOX, TR, DMBA, DMBA + DOX, DMBA + TR100, DMBA + TR200, and DMBA + DOX + TR200. Rats received TR (100 and 200 mg/kg), DOX (2mg/kg), and DMBA (7.5 mg/kg) for four consecutive weeks. TR alone or combined with DOX not only inhibited oxidative status-related parameters and Notch pathway proteins but also attenuated proliferation markers, and enhanced apoptosis, and autophagy-related genes. Consistently, the histopathological analysis showed better scores in mammary tissues isolated from groups treated with TR only or combined with DOX. Additionally, TR dramatically decreased relative heart weight, myocardial injury biomarkers, and heart oxidative stress parameters while maintaining the myocardial histological integrity. Here we provided evidence that TR acts via modulating Notch signaling/apoptosis/autophagy/oxidative stress to elicit anti-tumor activity and combination with DOX revealed a higher efficacy as a novel anticancer strategy. Moreover, TR could be a potential cardio-protective candidate during DOX-chemotherapy, possibly via its antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer M Abouelezz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdеlaziz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar A Nader
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nkuimi OBK, Silihe KK, Tabi YO, Ngo Pambe JC, Njamen D, Zingue S. Duguetia confinis Engl. & Diels (Annonaceae) inhibitory and cytotoxic effects on breast adenocarcinoma growth both in vitro and in vivo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24410. [PMID: 38317996 PMCID: PMC10839804 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is ranked as the most common malignant tumor in women globally with ∼ 2.3 million new cases (11.7 %) diagnosed in 2020. The multiple drawbacks associated with treatments, prompt researchers and patients to search for alternative therapy. Plants continue to offer encouraging leads, in particular those of the Annonaceae family, to which belongs Duguetia confinis, used by Cameroonian traditional healers to fight cancers. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of Duguetia confinis against human breast cancer cells. This was carried out by investigating the cytotoxicity, underlying mechanism of action and chemopreventive potential of D. confinis on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer. Methods To achieve this goal, the ethanolic extract of the bark of D. confinis was prepared and assayed for its ability to inhibit cell growth, cell proliferation and clone formation. Furthermore, cell death mechanisms, cell cycle progression and anti-metastatic potential were investigated. The in vivo study consisted in a once-off administration of 50 mg/kg BW DMBA (in olive oil, s.c) from the 10th day after pretreatment with D. confinis extract (50 and 100 mg/kg BW) or standards [tamoxifen (3.3 mg/kg) and letrozole (1 mg/kg)] or leaf extract of Annona muricata L. (200 mg/kg as pharmacological control). Normal and negative controls received vehicle (3 % ethanol). The treatment of animals was done for 20 weeks, followed by the assessment of the incidence, burden and volume of tumors, breast cancer biomarker (CA 15-3), antioxidant status, inflammatory status and histopathology profile. The LD50 of D. confinis extract was estimated according to OECD guideline 423. Results D. confinis displayed cytotoxicity at 80 μg/mL on all the tested breast cancer cell lines. It induced apoptosis and caused a blockade at G0/G1; S-phase of MDA-MB 231 cells, thus, suggesting anticancer potential. A significant concentration-dependent antimetastatic potential was observed with D. confinis extract at 50 (p < 0.05) and 100 (p < 0.01) μg/mL, evidenced by a reduction in cell migration, chemotaxis and increased adhesion to extracellular matrix. With respect to the chemopreventive study, D. confinis was able to prevent the onset of breast adenocarcinoma in Wistar rats by preventing the growth of tumor mass and volume, as well as the histopathological severity of the disease. This was achieved through the modulation of antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, MDA) and inflammatory parameters (IL-12, IL-6, INF- gamma, TNF). Also, the LD50 of D. confinis extract was greater than 2000 mg/kg, indicating low acute toxicity and thus, favorable for therapeutic use. Conclusion In summary, this study outlines for the first time the beneficial effect of D. confinis as a plant candidate in the fight against breast cancer just like other species of the Annonaceae family. However, further research studies are still warranted regarding its bioactive components, and in depth investigation of its anticancer mechanism of action are also needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Bernie Kami Nkuimi
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Kevine Kamga Silihe
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yves Omgba Tabi
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Judith Christiane Ngo Pambe
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Garoua, P.O. Box 317, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Silihe KK, Mbou WD, Ngo Pambe JC, Kenmogne LV, Maptouom LF, Kemegne Sipping MT, Zingue S, Njamen D. Comparative anticancer effects of Annona muricata Linn (Annonaceae) leaves and fruits on DMBA-induced breast cancer in female rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:234. [PMID: 37454062 PMCID: PMC10349462 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have reported the anti-cancer effects of different parts of Annona muricata Linn, however ; most of them focused on the in vitro evaluation of isolates. In vivo evidence on which part is best suited for breast cancer chemoprevention remains to be demonstrated. This is a comparative study of the effects of A. muricata fruit and leaves extracts on DMBA induced-breast cancer in rats. METHODS Rats exposed to DMBA (50 mg/kg, s.c.), were treated with A. muricata fruit aqueous extract at 200 mg/kg BW (3 days/week or daily) and A. muricata Linn leaves ethanolic extract at 200 mg/kg daily. Positive control group received tamoxifen at 3.3 mg/kg, while the normal and diseased controls received vehicle. After 20 weeks of treatment, the tumor incidence, tumor burden, tumor volume, histopathology, protein and CA 15 - 3 levels as well as antioxidant status, pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed. RESULTS Thus, 100% of diseased rats presented cribriform ductal carcinoma of SBR grade III. A. muricata extracts (leaves and fruit) and tamoxifen significantly reduced death and tumor incidences, volume and weight of the tumors, total protein and CA15-3 levels compared to the DMBA group. They exhibited antioxidant activity, through an increase in the GSH level and SOD and catalase activities with reduced levels of MDA compared to DMBA group. TNF-α, IL-6 and INF-γ levels reduced with regards to A. muricata treatment. CONCLUSION These results confirm the anti-breast cancer effect of A. muricata, however, the aqueous fruit extract was more potent than the ethanolic leaves extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevine Kamga Silihe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - William Defo Mbou
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Judith Christiane Ngo Pambe
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Garoua, P.O. Box 317, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Larissa Vanelle Kenmogne
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Laure Fotso Maptouom
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fotsing SI, Ngo Pambe JC, Silihe KK, Yembeau NL, Choupo A, Njamen D, Pieme CA, Zingue S. Breast cancer cell growth arrest and chemopreventive effects of Passiflora edulis Sims (Passifloraceae) ethanolic leaves extract on a rat model of mammary carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116408. [PMID: 36966851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Despite various prevention and treatment measures, the incidence and mortality due to breast cancer has been increasing globally. Passiflora edulis Sims is a plant used for the treatment of various diseases in traditional medicine, including cancers. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the anti-breast cancer activity of the ethanolic extract of P. edulis leaves in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS In vitro, the cell growth and proliferation were determined based on the MTT and BrdU assays. The flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell death mechanism while, cell migration, cell adhesion and chemotaxis were assayed for anti-metastatic potential. In vivo, 56 female Wistar rats aged 45-50 days (∼75 g) were exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-DMBA except the normal group. Negative control group (DMBA) received solvent dilution throughout the study; standards groups (tamoxifen - 3.3 mg/kg BW and letrozole - 1 mg/kg BW) as well as P. edulis leaves ethanolic extract groups (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) treated for 20 weeks. Tumor incidence, tumor burden and volume, CA 15-3 serum' level, antioxidant, inflammatory status and histopathology were assessed. RESULTS P. edulis extract showed a significant and concentration-dependent inhibition of MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 cells growth at 100 μg/mL. It inhibited cell proliferation and clones' formation and induced apoptosis in MDA-MB 231 cells. The migration of cell into the zone freed of cells and the number of invading cells after the 48 and 72 h were significantly diminished while, it increased their adherence to collagen and fibronectin extracellular matrix as does Doxorubicin. In vivo, all rats in the DMBA group exhibited a significant (p < 0.001) increase in tumor volume, tumor burden and grade (adenocarcinoma of SBR III) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-6 and IL-12). P. edulis extract at all tested doses significantly inhibited the DMBA-induced increase in tumor incidence, tumor burden and grade (SBR I) as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, it increased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, catalase, and GSH) and decreased MDA levels although a greater effect was observed with Tamoxifen and Letrozole. P. edulis has medium content on polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. CONCLUSION P. edulis has chemo-preventive effects against DMBA-induced breast cancer in rats probably through its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sorelle Ines Fotsing
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Judith Christiane Ngo Pambe
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Garoua, P.O. Box 317, Garoua, Cameroon.
| | - Kevine Kamga Silihe
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Natacha Lena Yembeau
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Armand Choupo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Constant Anatole Pieme
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abouelezz HM, El-Kashef DH, Abdеlaziz RR, Nader MA. Tenofovir alone or combined with doxorubicin abrogates DMBA-induced mammary cell carcinoma: An insight into its modulatory impact on oxidative/Notch/apoptotic signaling. Life Sci 2023:121798. [PMID: 37236603 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Breast cancer incidence keeps on growing and emerging as one of the major global challenges, therefore, the introduction of new approaches is of great demand. Drug repurposing is crucial to faster and cheaper discovery of anti-cancer drugs. The antiviral tenofovir disproxil fumarate (TF) was reported to decrease hepatocellular carcinoma risk by interfering with cell cycle and proliferation. This study aimed to scrutinize the role of TF alone or combined with doxorubicin (DOX) in 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast carcinoma rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast carcinoma was induced by DMBA (7.5 mg/kg, twice/week, SC into mammary gland) for 4 successive weeks. TF (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) was given orally and DOX (2 mg/kg) was injected once/week by tail vein starting from day 1. KEY FINDINGS The anti-cancerous effect of TF was mediated by suppression of oxidative stress markers and Notch signaling proteins (Notch1, JAG1, and HES1), attenuation of tumor proliferation markers (cyclin-D1 and Ki67), and boosting of apoptosis (P53 and Caspase3) and autophagy biomarkers (Beclin1 and LC3). In parallel, histopathological assessment displayed that mammary glands from animals treated with TF alone or combined with DOX showed better histopathological scores. Interestingly, TF and DOX co-treatment markedly decreased myocardial injury markers (AST, LDH, and CK-MB), restored the balance between GSH and ROS, prohibited lipid peroxidation, and preserved microscopic myocardial architecture. SIGNIFICANCE TF elicited antitumor activity via multiple molecular mechanisms. Moreover, combining TF with DOX might be a potential novel strategy to enhance DOX-anticancer activity and decrease its cardiac side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer M Abouelezz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdеlaziz
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar A Nader
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao X, Wang X, Pang Y. Phytochemicals Targeting Ferroptosis: Therapeutic Opportunities and Prospects for Treating Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1360. [PMID: 36355532 PMCID: PMC9693149 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a recently discovered iron-dependent regulated cell death, has been implicated in the therapeutic responses of various cancers including breast cancer, making it a promising therapeutic target to manage this malignancy. Phytochemicals are conventional sources for medication development. Some phytochemicals have been utilized therapeutically to treat cancers as pharmaceutic agents or dietary supplements. Intriguingly, a considerable number of antitumor drugs derived from phytochemicals have been proven to be targeting ferroptosis, thus producing anticancer effects. In this review, we provide a short overview of the interaction between core ferroptosis modulators and breast cancer, illustrating how ferroptosis affects the destiny of breast cancer cells. We also systematically summarize the regulatory effects of phytochemicals on ferroptosis and emphasize their clinical applications in breast cancer suppression, which may accelerate the development of their therapeutic use in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhao
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Xueni Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yuzhou Pang
- Guangxi Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Salvadora persica attenuates DMBA-induced mammary cancer through downregulation oxidative stress, estrogen receptor expression and proliferation and augmenting apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
9
|
Lee SY, Lee DY, Kang JH, Jeong JW, Kim JH, Kim HW, Oh DH, Kim JM, Rhim SJ, Kim GD, Kim HS, Jang YD, Park Y, Hur SJ. Alternative experimental approaches to reduce animal use in biomedical studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
10
|
Zingue S, Mindang ELN, Awounfack FC, Kalgonbe AY, Kada MM, Njamen D, Ndinteh DT. Oral administration of tartrazine (E102) accelerates the incidence and the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:303. [PMID: 34972512 PMCID: PMC8720219 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the considerable advances made in the treatment of cancer, it remains a global threat. Tartrazine (E102) is a synthetic dye widely used in food industries; it has recently been shown to induce oxidative stress (a well known risk factor of cancer) in rat tissues. The present work therefore aimed to assess the impact of a regular consumption of tartrazine on the incidence of breast cancer in rats. METHODS Forty (40) Wistar rats aged 55 to 60 days were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n = 8) including two groups serving as normal controls and receiving distilled water (NOR) or tartrazine (NOR + TARZ). The three remaining groups were exposed to the carcinogen DMBA (50 mg/kg) and treated for 20 weeks with either distilled water (DMBA), tartrazine 50 mg/kg (DMBA + TARZ) or a natural dye (DMBA + COL). The parameters evaluated were the incidence, morphology and some biomarkers (CA 15-3, estradiol and α-fetoprotein) of breast cancer. The oxidative status and histomorphology of the tumors were also assessed. RESULTS A regular intake of tartrazine led to an early incidence of tumors (100% in rats that received TARZ only vs 80% in rats that received DMBA only), with significantly larger tumors (p < 0.001) (mass = 3500 mg/kg and volume = 4 cm3). The invasive breast carcinoma observed on the histological sections of the animals of the DMBA + TARZ group was more developed than those of the DMBA group. The increase in serum α-fetoprotein (p < 0.05) and CA 15-3 (p < 0.01) levels corroborate the changes observed in tumors. The presence of oxidative activity in animals of the DMBA + TARZ group was confirmed by a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) as well as the level of GSH and increase in the level of MDA compared to the rats of the DMBA and NOR groups. CONCLUSION Tartrazine therefore appears to be a promoter of DMBA-induced breast tumorigenesis in rats through its oxidative potential. This work encourages further studies on the mechanisms of action of tartrazine (E102) and its limits of use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Medical and Biomedical Engineering, Higher Technical Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 886, Ebolowa, Cameroon.
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
| | | | - Florence Charline Awounfack
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Abel Yanfou Kalgonbe
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Moustapha Mohamet Kada
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|