1
|
Li YK, Chen Z, Zhang C. Historical evolution and processing mechanism of 'nine steaming and nine drying' of traditional Chinese medicine preparation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:436-446. [PMID: 38755954 PMCID: PMC11104706 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2354345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nine steaming and nine drying is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) processing method and it is widely used for processing tonifying herbs. Modern research reveals that the repeated steaming and drying process varies the composition and clinical efficacy of TCM. OBJECTIVE This paper analyzes and explores the historical evolution, research progress, development strategies, and problems encountered in the nine steaming and nine drying process so as to provide a reasonable explanation for this method. METHODS English and Chinese literature from 1986 to 2023 was collected from databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 (CP), and CNKI (Chinese). Nine steaming and nine drying, processing, TCM and pharmacological activity were used as the key words. RESULTS Nine steaming and nine drying has undergone thousands of years of clinical practice. Under specific processing conditions of nine steaming and nine drying, the ingredients of the TCM have significant changes, which in turn altered clinical applications. CONCLUSIONS This review provides sufficient evidence to prove the rationality and scientific value of nine steaming and nine drying and puts forward a development direction for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-kang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
E Y, Li W, Guo H, Zhang X, Caiyin Q, Yuan Y. Dynamic profiling of metabolite changes and health-promoting functions in 'yuling paste' during nine steaming and nine sun-drying processes. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101668. [PMID: 39139487 PMCID: PMC11321412 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Yuling paste, a traditional Chinese health food derived from longan pulp and American ginseng, undergoes a unique processing method involving nine cycles of steaming and sun-drying. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry combined with widely targeted metabolomics has been used to examine the dynamic change in metabolite profiles through the processing. A total of 758 metabolites were identified. Processing significantly affects metabolite changes, and network pharmacology is subsequently used to explore potential pharmacological ingredients. After processing, the contents of active ingredients such as ginsenoside rh2, oleanolic acid, choline, d-glucose, and D-galacturonic acid were found to increase significantly. These increases can be correlated to the enhancement of five distinct pathways, and the contents of naringenin-7-O-glucoside, adenosine, pantothenic acid, and D-sucrose decreased after the processing, correlating with decreases in two different pathways. This study provides a comprehensive reference and scientific basis for understanding the health benefits associated with this traditional health food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue E
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300 Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weimiao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongbin Guo
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300 Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianman Zhang
- Zhejiang Zhongxin Fluoride Materials Co., Ltd, No. 5 North Thirteen Road, Shangyu, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312369, China
| | - Qinggele Caiyin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei CY, Shen HS, Yu HH. Effects and core patterns of Chinese herbal medicines on hematologic manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:168-180. [PMID: 37643948 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) on hematologic manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Airiti Library were searched for the period January 2000 to February 2022. STUDY SELECTION RCTs involving CHMs in patients with SLE with available hematologic data. DATA EXTRACTION The primary outcomes included white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin level, and platelet count. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included RCTs. Sensitivity analysis of RCTs with abnormal hematologic data before intervention was performed to verify the robustness of the results. Subgroup analysis was also applied for results with high heterogenicity. Core patterns of used herbal drug pairs had also been analyzed and visualized. DATA SYNTHESIS Fifteen RCTs involving 1183 participants were included. The effects of elevating WBC count (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33-1.06; p <0.001), hemoglobin levels (WMD: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.31-0.97; p <0.001), and platelet count (WMD: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.48-0.74; p <0.001) in the CHM group were significantly greater than those in the control group. In total, 23 single herbs and 152 herbal drug pairs were identified for core patterns network analysis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated significantly superior therapeutic effects achieved with CHMs and conventional therapy regarding leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia compared to that of conventional therapy alone in patients with SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ying Wei
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Shu Shen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Sports Medicine Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hua Yu
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fan W, Liao Q, Fan L, Li Q, Liu L, Wang Z, Mei Y, Li L, Yang L, Wang Z. An innovative processing driven efficient transformation of rare ginsenosides enhances anti-platelet aggregation potency of notoginseng by integrated analyses of processing-(chemical) profiling-pharmacodynamics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117126. [PMID: 37716488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, a valuable Chinese herb medicine, shows a characteristic bi-directional regulation of hemostasis and activating blood circulation with ginsenosides as the predominant bioactive compounds and is a typical representative of "processing triggered heteropotency". AIM OF THE STUDY Processing triggered heteropotency, one of the unique theories and practices in traditional Chinese medicine, refers to that the processing will lead to change in physical and chemical properties, and eventually disparate efficacy of the crude drugs, yet the optimum process and underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, using Panax notoginseng (PN) as a representative sample, a processing-(chemical) profiling-pharmacodynamics (3-P) relationship was proposed to investigate the processing mechanism of PN. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, a temperature programmed steaming process was designed to evaluate the steaming triggered chemical transformation of triterpene saponins and the corresponding enhancement in anti-platelet aggregation activity. The steaming process was programed from the conventional 100 °C-150 °C in a time course of 0-12 h, aiming to achieve the maximized conversion of rare ginsenosides (RGs), and dynamic profile of ginsenosides were constructed by a UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis. Then, a processing-(chemical) profiling-pharmacodynamics (3-P) relationship was assessed by using the grey relational analysis (GRA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS), and validated by bioactive fraction of 140 °C steamed PN. Subsequently, the P2Y12-ligand binding affinity of potential candidates was analyzed by molecular docking. Finally, the dynamic changes of ginsenosides during steaming of SPN were quantitatively detected by UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. RESULTS A total of 48 differential ginsenosides were characterized and monitored including the primary and secondarily transformed saponins. The higher temperature steaming especially at 140 °C induces not only the predominant production of the RGs, but also the stronger anti-platelet aggregation activity. The 3-P relationship showed the fraction (3) of 140 °C steamed PN rich in RGs exhibits the most predominant efficacy, in which, a series of RGs including ginsenosides Rg5, Rk1, 20(S/R)-Rg3 were proven to be potent components. Molecular docking analysis suggested that ginsenosides Rg5 and Rk1 showed more strong interaction with the platelet P2Y12 receptor. Quantitative analysis found 140 °C-2h PN possessed highest contents of Rk1 and Rg5 and total RGs. CONCLUSIONS The integrated 3-P strategy uncovered the promising ginsenosides with anti-platelet effect, thereby revealing the material basis of PN steaming, which could provide a new enlightenment for the investigation of processing mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Fan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qi Liao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Linhong Fan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qi Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Guangxi Wuzhou Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd, Wuzhou, 543000, China
| | - Longchan Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuqi Mei
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Linnan Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang M, Yang L, Zou L, Zhang L, Wang S, Zhong Z, Wang Y, Li P. A comprehensive quality evaluation for Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction by integrating UPLC-DAD/MS chemical profile and pharmacodynamics combined with chemometric analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117325. [PMID: 37852340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD), a classical Chinese formula originally recorded in Jin Kui Yao Lue, was used for the treatment of human "blood impediment" (a type of "Bi" syndrome). In clinical practice, HGWD has been applied to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). AIM OF THE STUDY The characterization of chemical markers reflecting both efficacy and chemical characteristics is of great significance for TCM quality control. With the anti-RA effects of HGWD as an example, the aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive strategy combining the overall chemical profile and biological activity data to identify chemical markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UPLC-DAD) fingerprint was established and validated to evaluate the holistic quality of HGWD of different origins. Characteristic markers associated with HGWD from different geographical origins were screened by a combination of UPLC-DAD fingerprint and chemometrics methods. Second, the chemical profiles of the 15 batches of HGWD samples were characterized by UPLC coupled tohybrid linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS). The in vitro anti-RA activities of the 15 HGWD samples were then evaluated. Third, spectrum-effect relationship analysis was performed to identify bioactive compounds that could potentially be used as quality markers. Finally, a UPLC-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry approach was optimized and established for quantitative analysis of the characteristic and quality markers in 15 batches of HGWD. RESULTS In total, 30 common peaks were assigned in the UPLC-DAD fingerprint. Nine peaks were recognized and considered characteristic markers: protocatechuic acid, coumarin, cinnamic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, paeoniflorin, calycosin, formononetin, catechin, and albiflorin. Furthermore, ninety-five common compounds were identified in the UPLC-HRMS chemical profile. The pharmacological analysis indicated that the anti-RA activities of the 15 HGWD samples were vastly different. The spectrum-effect relationship analysis revealed 30 potential bioactive constituents positively correlated with anti-RA activity. Among them, five compounds with relative amounts >1%, paeoniflorin, astragaloside IV, hexahydrocurcumin, formononetin and calycosin-7-glucoside, were selected as quality markers, and their activity was verified in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Finally, the above 12 representative components were simultaneously quantified in the 15 batches of HGWD samples. CONCLUSION Combining a holistic chemical profile with representative component evaluation, this systematic strategy could be a reliable and effective method to improve quality evaluations of HGWD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maoyuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Lele Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tian Y, Shi Y, Zhu Y, Li H, Shen J, Gao X, Cai B, Li W, Qin K. The modern scientific mystery of traditional Chinese medicine processing--take some common traditional Chinese medicine as examples. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25091. [PMID: 38312540 PMCID: PMC10835376 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique traditional pharmaceutical technology in China, which is the most important feature that distinguishes Chinese medicine from natural medicine and plant medicine. Since the record in Huangdi Neijing (Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor), till now, the processing of TCM has experienced more than 2000 years of inheritance, innovation, and development, which is a combination of TCM theory and clinical practice, and plays an extremely important position in the field of TCM. In recent years, as a clinical prescription of TCM, Chinese herbal pieces have played a significant role in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 and exhibited their unique value, and therefore they have become the highlight of China's clinical treatment protocol and provided Chinese experience and wisdom for the international community in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. This paper outlines the research progress in the processing of representative TCM in recent years, reviews the mechanism of the related effects of TCM materials after processing, such as changing the drug efficacy and reducing the toxicity, puts forward the integration and application of a variety of new technologies and methods, so as to reveal the modern scientific mystery of the processing technology of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yun Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, 529757, Singapore
| | - Jinyang Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xun Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kunming Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang B, Zhang Z, Song J, Qi T, Zeng J, Feng L, Jia X. Interpreting the efficacy enhancement mechanism of Chinese medicine processing from a biopharmaceutic perspective. Chin Med 2024; 19:14. [PMID: 38238801 PMCID: PMC10797928 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chinese medicine processing (CMP) is a unique pharmaceutical technology that distinguishes it from natural medicines. Current research primarily focuses on changes in chemical components to understand the mechanisms behind efficacy enhancement in processing. However, this paper presents a novel perspective on the biopharmaceutics of CMP. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current research, emphasizing two crucial aspects: the role of 'heat' during processing and the utilization of processing adjuvants. The paper highlights the generation of easily absorbed components through the hydrolysis of glycosides by 'heat', as well as the facilitation of dissolution, absorption, and targeted distribution of active components through the utilization of processing adjuvants. From a biopharmaceutic perspective, this paper provides a lucid comprehension of the scientific foundation for augmenting the efficacy of CMP. Moreover, it proposes a three-dimensional research framework encompassing chemical reactions, phase transitions, and biopharmaceutical properties to further investigate the mechanisms involved in enhancing the efficacy of CMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhubin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li S, Sun Y, Gao Y, Yu X, Zhao C, Song X, Han F, Yu J. Spectrum-effect relationship analysis based on HPLC-FT-ICR-MS and multivariate statistical analysis to reveal the pharmacodynamic substances of Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan decoction on Alzheimer's disease. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 237:115765. [PMID: 37844366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) threatens elderly human health and still lacks effective treatment. Our previous work showed that LGZGD possessed a neuroprotective effect on the Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells, indicating that LGZGD may be a potential drug for treatment of AD. However, its pharmacodynamic substances which show anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant stress activities are still unrevealed. This research aims to reveal the pharmacodynamic substances of LGZGD on Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cell model of AD based on a spectrum-effect relationship study by using HPLC-FT-ICR-MS method and multivariate statistical analysis. Firstly, the chemical composition spectra of different combinations of LGZGD were recorded by HPLC-FT-ICR MS. Subsequently, Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cell model of AD was established and pharmacodynamic experiments were conducted to evaluate their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, respectively. Finally, the potential pharmacodynamic substances were screened out through spectrum-effect relationship study accompanied by multivariate statistical analysis including bivariate correlation analysis (BCA), grey relational analysis (GRA), principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares regression analysis (PLSR). As a result, a total of 96 chemical consistents in different combinations of LGZGD were discovered. Among them, 7 components such as isoglabrolide, licorice saponin E2, licorice saponin N2 and licoisoflavanone were directly linked with the anti-inflammatory effects, and 14 constituents such as tumulosic acid, polyporenic acid C, dehydrotumulosic acid, dehydropachymic acid, and pachymic acid were directly correlated with the anti-oxidative stress activities. In conclusion, we combined the HPLC-FT-ICR-MS spectra with pharmacodynamic indicators to develop the spectrum-effect relationships of LGZGD for the first time, and successfully revealed its potential pharmacodynamic substances in the treatment of AD from the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways in the cell model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuanfang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yutong Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinying Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chun Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiuping Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jia Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li S, Huang X, Li Y, Ding R, Wu X, Li L, Li C, Gu R. Spectrum-Effect Relationship in Chinese Herbal Medicine: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-22. [PMID: 38127670 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2290056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The quality of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) directly impacts clinical efficacy and safety. Fingerprint technology is an internationally recognized method for evaluating the quality of CHM. However, the existing quality evaluation models based on fingerprint technology have blocked the ability to assess the internal quality of CHM and cannot comprehensively reflect the correlation between pharmacodynamic information and active constituents. Through mathematical methods, a connection between the "Spectrum" (fingerprint) and the "Effect" (pharmacodynamic data) was established to conduct a spectrum-effect relationship (SER) of CHM to unravel the active component information associated with the pharmacodynamic activity. Consequently, SER can efficiently address the limitations of the segmentation of chemical components and pharmacodynamic effect in CHM and further improve the quality evaluation of CHM. This review focuses on the recent research progress of SER in the field of CHM, including the establishment of fingerprint, the selection of data analysis methods, and their recent applications in the field of CHM. Various advanced fingerprint techniques are introduced, followed by the data analysis methods used in recent years are summarized. Finally, the applications of SER based on different research subjects are described in detail. In addition, the advantages of combining SER with other data are discussed through practical applications, and the research on SER is summarized and prospected. This review proves the validity and development potential of the SER and provides a reference for the development and application of quality evaluation methods for CHM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Wu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Canlin Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ouyang XJ, Li JQ, Zhong YQ, Tang M, Meng J, Ge YW, Liang SW, Wang SM, Sun F. Identifying the active ingredients of carbonized Typhae Pollen by spectrum-effect relationship combined with MBPLS, PLS, and SVM algorithms. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115619. [PMID: 37619295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Typhae Pollen (TP) and its carbonized product (carbonized Typhae Pollen, CTP), as cut-and-dried herbal drugs, have been widely used in the form of slices in clinical settings. However, the two drugs exhibit a great difference in terms of their clinical efficacy, for TP boasts an effect of removing blood stasis and promoting blood circulation, while CTP typically presents a hemostatic function. Since the active ingredients of CTP, so far, still remain unclear, this study aimed at identifying the active ingredients of CTP by spectrum-effect relationship approach coupled with multi-block partial least squares (MBPLS), partial least squares (PLS), and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms. In this study, the chemical profiles of a series of CTP samples which were stir-fried for different duration (denoted as CTP0∼CTP9) were firstly characterized by UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap MS. Then the hemostatic effect of the CTP samples was evaluated from the perspective of multiple parameters-APTT, PT, TT, FIB, TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1α, PAI-1 and t-PA-using established rat models with functional uterine bleeding. Subsequently, MBPLS, PLS and SVM were combined to perform spectrum-effect relationship analysis to identify the active ingredients of CTP, followed by an in vitro hemostatic bioactivity test for verification. As a result, a total of 77 chemical ingredients were preliminarily identified from the CTP samples, and the variations occurred in these ingredients were also analyzed during the carbonizing process. The study revealed that all the CTP samples, to a varying degree, showed a hemostatic effect, among which CTP6 and CTP7 were superior to the others in terms of the hemostatic effect. The block importance in the projection (BIP) indexes of MBPLS model indicated that flavonoids and organic acids made more contributions to the hemostatic effect of CTP in comparison to other ingredients. Consequently, 9 bioactive ingredients, including quercetin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, 2-methylenebutanedioic acid, pentanedioic acid, benzoic acid and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, were further identified as the potential active ingredients based on PLS and SVM models as well as the in vitro verification. This study successfully revealed the bioactive ingredients of CTP associated with its hemostatic effect, and also provided a scientific basis for further understanding the mechanism of TP processing. In addition, it proposed a novel path to identify the active ingredients for Chinese herbal medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Ouyang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qi Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Meng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Wei Ge
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Wang Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fei Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guangdong Universities, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qiu FS, Wang JF, Guo MY, Li XJ, Shi CY, Wu F, Zhang HH, Ying HZ, Yu CH. Rgl-exomiR-7972, a novel plant exosomal microRNA derived from fresh Rehmanniae Radix, ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury and gut dysbiosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115007. [PMID: 37327587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) have been proposed as a novel therapeutic tool for preventing human diseases. However, the number of well-verified plant ELNs remains limited. In this study, the microRNAs in ELNs derived from fresh Rehmanniae Radix, a well-known traditional Chinese herb for treating inflammatory and metabolic diseases, were determined by using microRNA sequencing to investigate the active components in the ELNs and the protection against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that rgl-miR-7972 (miR-7972) was the main ingredient in ELNs. It exerted stronger protective activities against LPS-induced acute lung inflammation than catalpol and acteoside, which are two well-known chemical markers in this herb. Moreover, miR-7972 decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 cells, thereby facilitating M2 macrophage polarization. Mechanically, miR-7972 downregulated the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 161 (GPR161), activating the Hedgehog pathway, and inhibited the biofilm form of Escherichia coli via targeting virulence gene sxt2. Therefore, miR-7972 derived from fresh R. Radix alleviated LPS-induced lung inflammation by targeting the GPR161-mediated Hedgehog pathway, recovering gut microbiota dysbiosis. It also provided a new direction for gaining novel bioactivity nucleic acid drugs and broadening the knowledge on cross-kingdom physiological regulation through miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Sheng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Xue-Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Chang-Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Hua-Zhong Ying
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Y, Wu M, Li H, Sun J, Huang L, Yuan Y. Potential benefits of Rehmanniae Radix after ancient rice-steaming process in promotion of antioxidant activity in rats' health. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5532-5542. [PMID: 37701193 PMCID: PMC10494654 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice steam processed product of Rehmanniae Radix (RSRR), one of the processed products of Rehmanniae Radix (RR), is popular as an herbal medicine and food. However, the health-promoting effects and mechanisms of RSRR are still unclear. In this study, 10-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were treated with different processed products of RR. No organ coefficient differences were observed between RSRR and the control group, indicating that RSRR did not cause damage to the rats. Compared with other RR products, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase levels were significantly higher and malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in the RSRR group, indicating that RSRR exerted a better antioxidant effect. Gene expression analysis showed that hemoglobin genes (Hba-a1, Hba-a2, Hbb-bs, Hbb, Hbq1b, Hbb-b1, and LOC103694857) may be potential biomarkers to evaluate the antioxidant effect of RSRR. Antioxidation-related signaling pathways in GO annotation, including cellular oxidant detoxification, hydrogen peroxide metabolic process, hemoglobin complex, and oxygen binding signaling pathways were significantly enriched, indicating these pathways may represent the antioxidant mechanism of RSRR. To explore the main active compounds primarily responsible for the antioxidant activity of RSRR, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used and six components (catalpol, rehmannioside A, rehmannioside D, melittoside, ajugol, and verbascoside) were identified in rat serum. Catalpol and rehmannioside A were predicted to be the major active components by network pharmacology. These results suggested that RSRR exhibits antioxidant activity and has health-promoting properties. This study provides a scientific basis for the antioxidant mechanism and clinical use of RSRR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Meng‐xi Wu
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hong‐mei Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Dao‐di HerbsChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianhui Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lu‐qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Yuan
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang XY, Xu JD, Wang Y, Wu CY, Zhou J, Shen H, Zou YT, Zhu JH, Zhou SS, Li SL, Xu J, Long F. Comparing steamed and wine-stewed Rehmanniae Radix in terms of Yin-nourishing effects via metabolomics and microbiome analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116424. [PMID: 37003400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RRP), the processed root of Rehmannia glutinosa, has been widely used to treat Yin deficiency syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine. RRP is available in two forms: processed by steaming with water (SRR) or processed by stewing with yellow rice wine (WRR). Previous work has documented chemical differences in the secondary metabolomes and glycomes of SRR and WRR. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to compare SRR and WRR in terms of Yin-nourishing effects via metabolomics and microbiome analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS ICR mice were orally administered with thyroxine for 14 d to induce Yin deficiency. Changes in biochemical indices and histopathology were detected. Serum metabolomics analysis and microbial 16S rRNA sequencing were performed to compare the therapeutic effects and mechanisms between SRR and WRR in treating thyroxine-induced Yin deficiency. RESULTS Both SRR and WRR decreased serum T3, T4 and MDA levels, and increased SOD activity. SRR more effectively decreased serum Cr, and ameliorated kidney injury, while WRR showed better regulation on ratio of cAMP/cGMP and serum TSH, and relieved thyroid injury. Both SRR and WRR regulated tyrosine, glycerophospholipid, and linoleic acid metabolism and the citric acid cycle. Additionally, SRR regulated fatty acid metabolism, while WRR influenced alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and bile acid biosynthesis. SRR significantly enriched the genera Staphylococcus and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiome, while WRR significantly enriched the genera Akkermansia, Bacteroides and Parabacteroides, and decreased the abundance of Lactobacillus. CONCLUSIONS SRR displayed better protective effects on kidney, while WRR showed stronger effects on thyroid in thyroxine-induced Yin deficient mice. These differences might be due to different regulating effects of SRR and WRR on the metabolome and gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ya Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Jin-Di Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Cheng-Ying Wu
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Ye-Ting Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhou
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Song-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Fang Long
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Y, Wang J, Tan H, Lu X, Wang D, Wei Q. Evaluation of Steaming and Drying of Black Sesame Seeds for Nine Cycles Using Grey-Correlation Analysis Based on Variation-Coefficient Weight. Molecules 2023; 28:5266. [PMID: 37446935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the steaming process of black sesame seeds. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the grey-correlation method based on the variation-coefficient weight to observe the treatments of normal-pressure (NPS) and high-pressure (HPS) steaming (with/without soaking in water) for nine cycles. Their effects on the contents of water, protein, fat, ash, melanin, sesamin, and sesamolin of black sesame seeds, as well as the sensory score of the black sesame pill, were determined. We found that with varied steaming methods and increased steaming cycles, the contents of the nutritional and functional components of black sesame seeds and the sensory score of the black sesame pill differed. The results of the variation-coefficient method showed that water, protein, fat, ash, melanin, sesamin, sesamolin, and sensory score had different effects on the quality of black sesame seeds with weighting factors of 34.4%, 5.3%, 12.5%, 11.3%, 13.9%, 11.3%, 7.8%, and 3.5%, respectively. The results of two-factor analysis of variance without repeated observations indicated that the grey-correlation degree of HPS was the largest among the different steaming treatments, and the following sequence was HPS after soaking in water (SNPS), NPS, and SNPS. There was no significant difference between NPS and SNPS (p < 0.05). Moreover, with increased cycles, the value of the grey-correlation degree increased. The comprehensive score of the procedure repeated nine times was significantly higher than other cycles (p < 0.05). The results of the grey-correlation degree and grade analysis showed that the best steaming process of black sesame seeds was HPS for nine cycles, followed by HPS for eight cycles and NPS after soaking in water (SNPS) for nine cycles. These findings could provide a scientific basis for replacing SNPS with HPS to simplify steaming and realize the parametric steaming of black sesame seeds, and thus, ensure the quality of black-sesame products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomarker-Based Rapid Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomarker-Based Rapid Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Huihui Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biomarker-Based Rapid Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biomarker-Based Rapid Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Deguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomarker-Based Rapid Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Quanzeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biomarker-Based Rapid Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fang X, Ye H, Shi K, Wang K, Huang Y, Zhang X, Pan J. GOx-Powered Janus Platelet Nanomotors for Targeted Delivery of Thrombolytic Drugs in Treating Thrombotic Diseases. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37307138 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Low efficiency of targeting and delivery toward the thrombus site poses challenges to using thrombolytic drugs. Inspired by the biomimetic system of platelet membranes (PMs) and glucose oxidase (GOx) modification technologies, we develop a novel GOx-powered Janus nanomotor by asymmetrically attaching the GOx to polymeric nanomotors coated with the PMs. Then the PM-coated nanomotors were conjugated with urokinase plasminogen activators (uPAs) on their surfaces. The PM-camouflaged design conferred excellent biocompatibility to the nanomotors and improved their targeting ability to thrombus. The Janus distribution of GOx also allows the uneven decomposition of glucose in biofluids to produce a chemophoretic motion, increasing the drug delivery efficiency of nanomotors. In addition, these nanomotors are located at the lesion site due to the mutual adhesion and aggregation of platelet membranes. Furthermore, thrombolysis effects of nanomotors are enhanced in static and dynamic thrombus as well as in mouse models. It is believed that the novel PM-coated enzyme-powered nanomotors represent a great value for thrombolysis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Ye
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqing Shi
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyue Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingye Pan
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Critical Care and Artificial Intelligence of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xia J, Li X, Lin M, Yu J, Zeng Z, Ye F, Hu G, Miu Q, He Q, Zhang X, Liang Z. Screening out Biomarkers of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum for Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Based on Spectrum-Effect Relationship Coupled with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073021. [PMID: 37049789 PMCID: PMC10096277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg. (T. hemsleyanum) is an economically and medicinally valuable species within the genus Tetrastigma. However, the material basis of its pharmacological action and the biomarkers associated with its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects are still unclear. Additionally, the T. hemsleyanum industry cannot grow because there is a lack of a scientific, universal, and measurable quality control system. This study aimed to explore the chemical basis quality markers related to the anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects of T. hemsleyanum to establish an effective quality evaluation method. UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE fingerprint profiles of T. hemsleyanum from different origins were established. Pharmacodynamic studies used HepG2 and HuH-7 cells and LPS-induced RAW264.7 to evaluate the anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects of the active ingredients. The spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using PCA and PLSR statistical methods. Moreover, docking analysis was performed to identify specific active biomarkers with molecular targets associated with cancer and inflammation. Chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, catechin, kaempferol 3-rutinoside, apigenin-8-C-glucoside, and linolenic acid were associated with anticancer activity, while chlorogenic acid, quercetin, quinic acid, kaempferol 3-rutinoside, rutinum, apigenin-8-C-glucoside, and linolenic acid were associated with anti-inflammatory activity. The spectrum-effect relationship of T. hemsleyanum was successfully established, and the biomarkers for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects were preliminary confirmed. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the elucidation of the substance basis of T. hemsleyanum and lay the foundation for its rapid identification, quality control, industrial research, and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiuyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Min Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiani Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhongda Zeng
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guanjun Hu
- Hangzhou Shizhuwu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Qiang Miu
- Hangzhou Fuyang District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Ltd., Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Qiuling He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-1530-6553960 (X.Z.)
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-1530-6553960 (X.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu K, Wang MY, Li HF, Dong ZL, Li WW, Liu C, Zhang L, Jiang S, Shang EX, Qian DW, Duan JA. Investigation of the Material Basis of Xiexin Tang to Alleviate Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Spectrum-Effect Analysis by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1221:123691. [PMID: 37011544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Xiexin Tang (XXT) is a classic prescription for treating diabetes in clinical practices for thousands of years in China, which has been also proved by a large number of modern pharmacological studies. However, due to its complex composition, the bioactive ingredients of XXT is still unclear. In present researches, spectrum-effect relationship analysis is widely used to explore the material basis of traditional medical herbs, so this method was adopted in this study. Firstly, the extract of XXT was separated and enriched into 5 fractions by macroporous adsorption resin. Then, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS method was used for qualitative identification of components in each eluting part, and efficacy of each fraction was assessed by the T2DM rat model. Based on grey relational analysis and pearson bivariate correlation analysis, it was found that the components such as berberine, gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, acteoside, berberastine and 1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose might be the main effective basis of XXT to improve T2DM.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ji W, Gu L, Zou X, Li Z, Xu X, Wu J, Zhang S, Deng H. Discovery, Validation, and Target Prediction of Antibacterial and Antidiabetic Components of Archidendron clypearia Based on a Combination of Multiple Analytical Methods. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031329. [PMID: 36770996 PMCID: PMC9919075 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Archidendron clypearia (A. clypearia), a Fabaceae family member, is widely used as an anti-inflammatory herbal medicine; however, its antibacterial and antidiabetic properties have not been extensively investigated. This study aimed to systematically analyze the antibacterial and antidiabetic components of A. clypearia by utilizing a combination of analytical methods. First, ten different polarity extracts were analyzed through ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), and their antibacterial and antidiabetic activities were evaluated. Then the spectrum-effect relationship between the biological activity and UPLC chromatograms was analyzed by partial least squares regression and gray relational analysis, followed by corresponding validation using isolated components. Finally, network pharmacology and molecular docking were implemented to predict the main antibacterial target components of A. clypearia and the enzyme inhibition active sites of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. P15, P16, and P20 were found to be the antibacterial and antidiabetic active components. The inhibitory effect of 7-O-galloyltricetiflavan (P15) on six bacterial species may be mediated through the lipid and atherosclerosis pathway, prostate cancer, adherens junctions, and targets such as SRC, MAPK1, and AKT1. The molecular docking results revealed that 7-O-galloyltricetiflavan and 7,4'-di-O-galloyltricetiflavan (P16/P20) can bind to α-amylase and α-glucosidase pockets with binding energies lower than -6 kcal/mol. Our study provides guidance for the development of antibacterial and antidiabetic products based on A. clypearia and can be used as a reference for the evaluation of bioactivity of other herbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenduo Ji
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lixia Gu
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuezhe Zou
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jialin Wu
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong Deng
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Deng X, Lei HY, Ren YS, Ai J, Li YQ, Liang S, Chen LL, Liao MC. A novel strategy for active compound efficacy status identification in multi-tropism Chinese herbal medicine (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) based on multi-indexes spectrum-effect gray correlation analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115677. [PMID: 36064148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bioactive substance identification is always the focal point and the main challenge in Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Most CHM present multiple efficacies and multiple tropisms, which has improved the application accuracy of CHM, and is worthy of further study. In this article, the concept of "multi-tropism efficacy of CHM" has been proposed for the first time. In addition, it is hypothesized that the different components in CHM can be classified based on their efficacy status. AIM OF THE STUDY The spectrum-effect relationship between the fingerprint and efficacy was established to identify the efficacy status of components. This provided a practical, efficient and accurate way to identify the bioactive substances from a complex CHM system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The network pharmacology approach was applied to preliminarily analyze the potential antibacterial compounds and mechanisms of HQ. Furthermore, its chemical fingerprint was established and the characteristic peaks were identified by LC-MS/MS. The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory bioactivities of HQ were determined to evaluate its pharmacological effect of heat-clearing and detoxification, and its anticoagulation activity was determined to evaluate its heat-clearing and tocolysis effects. The spectrum-effect relationships were assessed by gray correlation analysis to discriminate the status of active components in HQ with different efficacies. RESULTS Network pharmacology analysis revealed apigenin, wogonin, baicalein, acacetin, β-sitosterol, baicalin, eugenol, moslosooflavone, palmitic acid, oroxylin-A 7-O-glucuronide, and scutevulin as the potential active compounds responsible for the efficacy of HQ against both E. coli and S. aureus. The spectrum-effect relationship was utilized to reveal the orientation activities, with the results as follows: 1) The main basic-efficacy components in HQ with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant effects were P5, P8, P9, P15, P18, P19, P20; while the general basic-efficacy components were P2, P3, P6, P7, P11, P14, P21, P22, P28. 2) The main efficacy-oriented components in HQ with antibacterial effects on E. coli were P1, P12, P17, while the general efficacy-oriented compound was P10, P24, P25, P26, P27; the main efficacy-oriented in HQ with antibacterial effects on S. aureus were P14 and the general efficacy-oriented components were P1, P12, P26, P29, P30, respectively. 3) The main efficacy-oriented components with anti-inflammatory activity were P14, P24, P25, P27, and P30, while the general efficacy-oriented components were P13, P23, P26. 4) The main efficacy-oriented compounds in HQ with effects on anticoagulation were P6 and P22; these acted by prolonging APTT through the intrinsic coagulation pathway and PT through the extrinsic coagulation pathway, respectively. 5) The pharmacodynamic status classification of Scutellaria baicalensis ingredients were confirmed by nine reference compounds exemplarily. CONCLUSION This work established a novel strategy for active compound efficacy status identification in multi-tropism Chinese herbal medicine (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) based on multi-indexes spectrum-effect gray correlation analysis, the method is scientific feasible and can be applied to the effective substances identification and quality control of other CHM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Deng
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hong-Yuan Lei
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Shen Ren
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jiao Ai
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Li
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Liang
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Mao-Chuan Liao
- School of Pharmacy, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu FJ, Yang J, Chen XY, Yu T, Ni H, Feng L, Li P, Li HJ. Chemometrics integrated with in silico pharmacology to reveal antioxidative and anti-inflammatory markers of dandelion for its quality control. Chin Med 2022; 17:125. [PMCID: PMC9636813 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dandelion is an herb with high nutritional and medicinal values, which has been listed in Chinese Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopoeia and British Pharmacopoeia, gaining increasing acceptance around the world. However, the current quality control of dandelion is lagging behind. Only in Chinese Pharmacopeia, cichoric acid is used as a marker compound for its quality evaluation, whereas, it can not comprehensively reflect the bioactivity of dandelion.
Methods
This study developed a strategy by integrating chemometrics with in silico pharmacology to reveal the bioactive markers of dandelion for its quality control. Firstly, the major chemicals in dandelion were characterized using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS, and the corresponding antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in vitro. Subsequently, the active components were screened by relating the chemicals and bioactivity of dandelion via grey relational assay and partial least squares regression analysis. The potential active components were then subjected to a validation for their activities. Moreover, in silico pharmacology was utilized to evaluate the contribution of active components to efficacy.
Results
A total of 22 phenolic compounds were characterized. Among them, cichoric acid, caffeic acid and luteolin were identified as quality markers owing to their good correlations with the bioactivities of dandelion. These three markers were quantified in frequently-used dandelion species, viz. Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. (TAM) and T. officinale F. H. Wigg. (TAO). TAM, with acceptably higher content of cichoric acid and caffeic acid, showed better antioxidant activity than TAO. While TAO included higher content of luteolin, presenting slightly more effective in anti-inflammation.
Conclusion
An useful strategy for the quality marker discovery was successfully designed. And the results provided more knowledge for the quality evaluation of dandelion.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen SC, Yang CS, Chen JJ. Main Bioactive Components and Their Biological Activities from Natural and Processed Rhizomes of Polygonum sibiricum. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071383. [PMID: 35883874 PMCID: PMC9311596 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygonatum sibiricum (Asparagaceae) is often used as an herbal drug in the traditional medicine of Southeast Asia. Its rhizome, called “Huang Jing”, is used in traditional Chinese medicine as an immune system stimulant, hypolipidemic agent, anti-aging agent, anti-fatigue agent, and cardiovascular protectant. We investigated the antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE), anti-inflammatory, and anti-α-glucosidase effects of various solvent extracts and major bioactive components of Polygonatum sibiricum (PS) and processed Polygonatum sibiricum (PPS). Dichloromethane extract of PS showed stronger antioxidant effects by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, and EtOAc extract displayed relatively high antioxidant activity by a superoxide radical scavenging test. Moreover, acetone, EtOAc, and dichloromethane extracts displayed a significant anti-α-glucosidase effect. EtOH and CH2Cl2 extracts showed effective AChE inhibitory activity. In addition, dichloromethane extract showed the best inhibition against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) accumulation in RAW264.7 macrophages. HPLC analysis was used to investigate and compare the content of major active components of various solvent extracts of PS and PPS. Rutin showed the most effective scavenging of DPPH and ABTS free radicals, while scopoletin and isoquercetin displayed the strongest anti-α-glucosidase and anti-AChE effect, respectively. Rutin showed the best inhibition against LPS-induced NO production and also inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in Western blot. The molecular docking of AChE and iNOS revealed that active components could have a better antagonistic effect than positive controls (common inhibitors). This study shows that the active extracts and components of Polygonatum sibiricum have the potential to be further developed as a natural anti-AChE, anti-α-glucosidase, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Chang-Syun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (C.-S.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2826-7195; Fax: +886-2-2823-2940
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu R, Shi S, Xiong S, Su J, Gan X, Wu J, Wang H, Wang S. Quality Markers of Dendrobium officinale by “Oligosaccharide-Spectrum-Effect” Relationships. Front Nutr 2022; 9:914380. [PMID: 35757268 PMCID: PMC9221367 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.914380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and a functional food for thousands of years. Carbohydrate is one of the most important effective substances and indicative components in D. officinale. However, since the qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides in D. officinale remains a challenge and limitation, herein, an oligosaccharide-quality marker approach was newly developed for quality assessment of D. officinale by spectrum–effect relationships between high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprints and anti-inflammatory effects. The HPLC fingerprints of 48 batches of oligosaccharides from D. officinale (DOOS) were developed and analyzed with similarity analysis (SA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and eight common peaks were identified. In vitro screening experiment indicated that DOOS potentially inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and effectively reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells, thereby reducing the inflammatory response of cells. Finally, the HPLC fingerprint of different batches of DOOS was combined with in vitro anti-inflammatory activity to assess the spectrum–effect relationships of DOOS by gray correlation analysis (GCA), in addition, the purified oligosaccharide components were identified and validated for NO inhibitory activity. Our results showed four DOOS (maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, and mannohexaose) were relevant to anti-inflammatory effects and could be as quality markers for the quality control of D. officinale. It suggests that the “oligosaccharide-spectrum-effect” relationships approach is a simple and reliable method for the quality control of herb medicines or nutritious foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Xiong
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Su
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaona Gan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (China) Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huijun Wang, , orcid.org/0000-0001-6319-498X
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shunchun Wang, , orcid.org/0000-0003-0384-1350
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li X, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Ben A, Qi J. A novel strategy for discriminating different cultivation and screening odor and taste flavor compounds in Xinhui tangerine peel using E-nose, E-tongue, and chemometrics. Food Chem 2022; 384:132519. [PMID: 35219989 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A rapid strategy for discriminating Quanzhi (QZ) and Bozhi (BZ) of different cultivation of Xinhui tangerine peel was established by combining electronic nose, electronic tongue and chemometrics, which can be used as tool in the market to identify food fraud. 30 volatiles and 34 low molecular weight compounds of characteristic fingerprints of Xinhui tangerine peel of 108 samples were identified using GC-MS and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Key compounds of BZ and QZ were screened and further compared by chemometrics. We discriminated odor and taste of BZ and QZ using electronic nose and electronic tongue, respectively. Our studies showed that β-myrcene, limonene, β-trans-Ocimene, γ-terpinene and terpinolene, etc, were screened the chief volatile flavor compounds by Spearman's rank correlation. Hydroxymethyl furfural, hesperitin, nobiletin and tangeretin, etc, were screened the key taste flavor compounds based gray relational analysis and partial least squares regression. Our study provides further insight for quality evaluation of Xinhui tangerine peel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yahui Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yitian Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Ailing Ben
- Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, College of Food Science, Nanjing Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, PR China.
| | - Jin Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Active microbial metabolites study on antitussive and expectorant effects and metabolic mechanisms of platycosides fraction of Platycodonis Radix. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1195:123171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
25
|
Xu J, Liu J, Li B, Wei X, Qi Y, Zhang B, Liu H, Xiao P. Comparison of blood tonic efficacy and chemical constituents of Kadsura interior A.C. Smith and its closely related species. Chin Med 2022; 17:14. [PMID: 35039063 PMCID: PMC8762946 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00544-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stems of Kadsura interior A. C. Smith are used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Kadsurae Caulis, with the traditional efficacy of tonifying and invigorating the blood, therefore being favored to treat blood deficiency (BD) widely. However, the stems of K. interior and its closely related species are morphologically similar and they may readily be misused as Kadsurae Caulis, thus likely to exert negative effects on clinical efficacy and clinical medication safety. METHODS Firstly, blood tonic efficacies of the stems of K. interior (KIS) and its closely related species were compared using BD mouse model induced by 1-acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine (APH) and cyclophosphamide (CTX). Secondly, the chemical constituents from the stems of K. interior and its closely related species were evaluated and compared using a plant metabolomics approach. Plant metabolomics in this study aims at discovering differential metabolites and comprehensively assessing the chemical constituents by combining state-of-the-art high-resolution UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS technique and multivariate data analysis. Finally, based on the pharmacological data and the chemical constituents in UPLC-Q/TOF-MS fingerprints, the potential blood tonic active markers were screened by the spectrum-effect relationship analysis and quantified by UPLC-UV-DAD. RESULTS The ethanol extract of the stems of K. interior significantly increased the levels of hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), and red blood cells (RBC) in BD mice. In addition, it significantly increased the serum levels of interleukin 3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and macrophage-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in BD mice (P < 0.01). The blood tonic efficacy of the stems of K. interior was superior to those of its closely related species, especially at the dose of 200 mg/kg. Six differential compounds in the stems of K. interior were screened out to distinguish it from its closely related species. In combination with the results of the spectrum-effect relationship analysis, heteroclitin D, interiorin C, and heteroclitin G were identified as potential bioactive markers. The contents of heteroclitin D and heteroclitin G in the freeze-dried powder of KIS were 15.90 and 3.74 μg/mg. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrated the differences in the blood tonic efficacies and the chemical constituents of the stems of K. interior and its closely related species, and pinpointed the potential bioactive markers of K. interior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiushi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueping Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yaodong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bengang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
He FQ, Li YJ, Guo ZH, Chen J. -Glucosidase inhibitors screening from Cyclocarya paliurus based on spectrum-effect relationship and UPLC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5313. [PMID: 34981537 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus is an edible and medicinal plant exhibiting significant hypoglycemic effect. However, its active components are still unclear and need further elucidation. In this research, the active components of the leaves of C. paliurus responsible for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity were screened and identified based on spectrum-effect relationship study in combination with ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The 70% ethanol eluate fraction of the leaves of C. paliurus with the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was obtained after extraction and purification with macroporous resin. Their chromatographic fingerprints (15 batches) were established by UPLC analysis and 32 common peaks were specified by similarity analysis. Their IC50 values for α-glucosidase inhibition were measured by an enzymatic reaction. Several multivariate statistical analysis methods including hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, partial least square analysis and grey relational analysis were applied to explore the spectrum-effect relationship between common peaks and IC50 values, and the chromatographic peaks making great contribution to efficacy were screened out. To further elucidate the active components of leaves of C. paliurus, the 70% ethanol eluate fraction was characterized by UPLC-MS/MS analysis, and 10 compounds were identified. This study provided a valuable reference for further research and development of hypoglycemic active components of C. paliurus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Qin He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Hui Guo
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, P. R. China.,State Drug Administration-Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Decoction Pieces, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Screening of Potential Thrombin and Factor Xa Inhibitors from the Danshen-Chuanxiong Herbal Pair through a Spectrum-Effect Relationship Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237293. [PMID: 34885877 PMCID: PMC8658787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study; a spectrum–effect relationship analysis combined with a high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis was established to screen and identify active components that can inhibit thrombin and factor Xa (THR and FXa) in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma–Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Danshen–Chuanxiong) herbal pair. Ten potential active compounds were predicted through a canonical correlation analysis (CCA), and eight of them were tentatively identified through an LC–MS analysis. Furthermore; the enzyme inhibitory activity of six available compounds; chlorogenic acid; Z-ligustilide; caffeic acid; ferulic acid; tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA; were tested to verify the feasibility of the method. Among them; chlorogenic acid was validated to possess a good THR inhibitory activity with IC50 of 185.08 µM. Tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA are potential FXa inhibitors with IC50 of 112.59 µM and 138.19 µM; respectively. Meanwhile; molecular docking results show that tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA; which both have binding energies of less than −7.0 kcal·mol−1; can interact with FXa by forming H-bonds with residues of SER214; GLY219 and GLN192. In short; the THR and FXa inhibitors in the Danshen–Chuanxiong herbal pair have been successfully characterized through a spectrum–effect relationship analysis and an LC–MS analysis.
Collapse
|
28
|
Qiao R, Zhou L, Zhong M, Zhang M, Yang L, Yang Y, Chen H, Yang W, Yuan J. Spectrum-effect relationship between UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS fingerprint and promoting gastrointestinal motility activity of Fructus aurantii based on multivariate statistical analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114366. [PMID: 34181960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nowadays, gastrointestinal motility disorders (GMD) have reduced the quality of people's daily life worldwide, but there is still a lack of effective western medicine treatment. Fructus aurantii (FA), a representative regulating-qi herbal medicine, has been widely used to treat GMD in China for thousands of years, but it is not clear that which specific components contribute to the efficacy. AIM OF THE STUDY The efficacy differences of various fractions of FA on normal mice and GMD rats were compared, so as to find out the main effective fraction of FA, and to screen the main regulating-qi components based on spectrum-effect relationship and multivariate statistical analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The fingerprints of different fractions of FA were established and main compounds were identified with UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS technique. The promoting gastrointestinal motility activities of FA were evaluated by defecation test, gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion test in mice, and further investigated according to the biochemical analysis of 5-HT, SP, MLT, GAS and VIP in GMD rats' plasma. One-way ANOVA was used to find out the difference of efficacy. The active components were screened through spectrum-effect relationship with PCA-X, Pearson bivariate correlation analysis and OPLS analysis. CONCLUSIONS Ethyl acetate fraction is the main active fraction, and nine compounds are the major regulating-qi components. The developed spectrum-effect analysis can be used for the screening of bioactive components in natural products with high accuracy and reliability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rifa Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Lifen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Minyong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China; Nanchang Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanchang, 330015,China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Yuanfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Haifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Wuliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Jinbin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li Q, Zeng J, Gong P, Wu Y, Li H. Effect of steaming process on the structural characteristics and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum rhizomes. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:561-572. [PMID: 34495423 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Polygonatum sibiricum (P. sibiricum) rhizomes are widely used as a tonic and functional food, and are often processed to enhance their tonic function by repeated steaming and drying. As the most important constituent, the polysaccharide from P. sibiricum rhizomes (PSP) has demonstrated various activities, but the alteration of structural characteristics and activities of the purified PSPs during steaming process was rarely investigated. To well understand the effect of steaming process on the polysaccharides of P. sibiricum, neutral polysaccharides from P. sibiricum rhizomes (PSP0 ~ PSP9) after steaming were first isolated and purified, and then the chemical properties and antioxidant activities were determined. The results showed that the molar ratios of monosaccharides in PSPs were different. The molecular weights of PSPs were increased significantly after the fourth steaming. Morphological studies showed that the surface of PSPs became much tighter during the steaming process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra displayed the polysaccharides had similar backbones and chemical groups. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of PSPs was measured through radical scavenging tests. It was found that the radical scavenging activity of PSPs was elevated strikingly after steaming, and increased gradually with numbers of steaming process. The biological and chemical variance of PSPs revealed considerable segregation of PSP0, PSP1 ~ PSP4 and PSP5 ~ PSP9. In conclusion, our results proposed the fourth time as the optimal number of steaming to extract functional polysaccharide from P. sibiricum rhizomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China.
| | - Jun Zeng
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Pixian Gong
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Yanchao Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
- Weihai Huiankang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, 264200, Weihai, 264209, P. R. China
| | - Huijing Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
- Weihai Huiankang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, 264200, Weihai, 264209, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|