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Huang X, Wang Z, Sun Z, Wang Z. Degradation of carbamazepine from wastewater by ultrasound-enhanced zero-valent iron -activated persulfate system (US/Fe 0/PS): kinetics, intermediates and pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:1760-1769. [PMID: 36441138 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2152737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a common antiepileptic drug. CBZ enters the environment through unreasonable and standardized ways such as human and animal metabolites, discarded drugs, and more than half of its metabolites are released into the environment. Since CBZ is not easy to be degraded, continuous input of CBZ into the water environment will cause long-term impact on the water ecological environment and seriously endanger human health. Aiming at how to degrade wastewater containing carbamazepine, studies were conducted on the degradation of carbamazepine by ultrasound/zero-valent iron/persulfate system (US/F e 0 /PS). Firstly, the removal effects of carbamazepine by different systems, such as ultrasound/sodium persulfate (US/PS), zero-valent iron/persulfate system (F e 0 /PS) and US/F e 0 /PS, were compared; Secondly, the influence of factors, such as ultrasonic power, sodium persulfate dosage, zero-valent iron dosage, reaction temperature, pH, etc., on the reaction was investigated by the control variables method. Results show that ultrasound power, PS concentration, pH and temperature have a great influence on the removal of carbamazepine in US/Fe0/PS reaction system. Besides, the optimum parameters for degradation of carbamazepine with US/F e 0 /PS reaction system were determined ([CBZ]0 = 0.025 mM; [PS]0 = 0.4 mM; Fe0 = 4.0 mg/L; ultrasonic power = 40 W; T = 30 ℃; initial pH = 5.0). Finally, the intermediates and degradation pathways of carbamazepine by US/F e 0 /PS system were analyzed and speculated. It was inferred that two intermediates were generated during the degradation of carbamazepine, mainly through the ring opening and decyclization of piperazine rings. It was proved that process US/F e 0 /PS has a very important application value in the degradation of antibiotic-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezheng Huang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifei Wang
- Jinan Eco-environmental Monitoring Center of Shandong Province
| | - Zengwu Sun
- College of Medical Information Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjun Wang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Gökkuş Ö, Brillas E, Sirés I. Sequential use of a continuous-flow electrocoagulation reactor and a (photo)electro-Fenton recirculation system for the treatment of Acid Brown 14 diazo dye. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169143. [PMID: 38070549 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The decolorization and TOC removal of solutions of Acid Brown 14 (AB14) diazo dye containing 50 mg L-1 of total organic carbon (TOC) have been first studied in a continuous-flow electrocoagulation (EC) reactor of 3 L capacity with Fe electrodes of ∼110 cm2 area each. Total loss of color with poor TOC removal was found in chloride, sulfate, and/or hydrogen carbonate matrices after 18 min of this treatment. The best performance was found using 5 anodes and 4 cathodes of Fe at 13.70 A and low liquid flow rate of 10 L h-1, in aerated 39.6 mM NaCl medium within a pH range of 4.0-10.0. The effluent obtained from EC was further treated by electro-Fenton (EF) using a 2.5 L pre-pilot flow plant, which was equipped with a filter-press cell comprising a Pt anode and an air-diffusion cathode for H2O2 electrogeneration. Operating with 0.10-1.0 mM Fe2+ as catalyst at pH 3.0 and 50 mA cm-2, a similar TOC removal of 68 % was found as maximal in chloride and sulfate media using the sequential EC-EF process. The EC-treated solutions were also treated by photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) employing a photoreactor with a 125 W UVA lamp. The sequential EC-PEF process yielded a much higher TOC reduction, close to 90 % and 97 % in chloride and sulfate media, respectively, due to the rapid photolysis of the final Fe(III)-carboxylate complexes. The formation of recalcitrant chloroderivatives from generated active chlorine limited the mineralization in the chloride matrix. For practical applications of this two-step technology, the high energy consumption of the UVA lamp in PEF could be reduced by using free sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömür Gökkuş
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Enric Brillas
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Ohta N, Kobayashi M, Kawase Y. Removal of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) by zero-valent iron: quantification of removal mechanisms consisting of degradation, adsorption and co-precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38819-38831. [PMID: 36586022 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The removal mechanisms of carbamazepine (CBZ), which is one of pharmaceutically active compounds, using zero-valent iron (ZVI) were quantified by defining three fractions, namely "degradation", "adsorption", and "co-precipitation". The maximum total organic carbon (TOC) removal was obtained at pH 4. The results demonstrate that the adsorption on the ZVI surface is dominant in the TOC removal of CBZ for 4 ≤ pH ≤ 6 while the degradation by oxidative and reductive reactions is efficient exclusively for pH ≤ 3. TOC removal was not obtained for pH ≥ 8. The most dominant mechanism in the removal of CBZ by ZVI is the adsorption onto the iron oxides/hydroxides layer formed on ZVI surface rather than the degradation by oxidative and reductive reactions including Fenton and Fenton-like reactions for pH ≥ 4. A novel kinetic model for removal of CBZ by ZVI was developed to simulate the dynamic concentration profiles of CBZ, TOC, total Fe ions, and dissolved oxygen linked closely with each other and the contributions of degradation, adsorption, and co-precipitation in TOC removal of CBZ. Reasonable agreement between experimental data and model predictions suggests the applicability of the proposed kinetic model to quantitatively analyze the mechanisms of CBZ removal by ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ohta
- Research Center for Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan
| | - Maki Kobayashi
- Research Center for Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kawase
- Research Center for Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan.
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Jiang H, Qi Z, Wang Z. Electrochemical-enhanced Fe 3O 4/biochar activates peroxymonosulfate (E/nano-Fe 3O 4/BC/PMS) for degradation of oxytetracycline. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136148. [PMID: 36049640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To find cost-effective and environmentally friendly free radical activators to stimulate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidative degradation of organic pollutants, nano-Fe3O4/biochar (BC) composites were prepared and characterized in this work to examine their effectiveness in stimulating PMS oxidative degradation of Oxytetracycline (OTC) in water enhanced with electrochemical degradation. When the mass ratio of nano-Fe3O4 to BC is 1:1, the catalyst nano-Fe3O4/BC exhibits the most obvious degradation effect on OTC. After 4 h of degradation, the OTC concentrations were reduced from 20 to 2.65 mg L-1, while treated with a single nano-Fe3O4 and a single BC are reduced by only 67.7% and 61.8%. Anions HCO3- and H2PO4- significantly inhibit OTC degradation, and HCO3- has a stronger inhibitory effect than H2PO4-, while Cl- and NO3- can promote OTC degradation. Quenching test and electron spin paramagnetic resonance (EPR) detection showed that singlet oxygen (1O2) was the main active species in the degradation process, followed by hydroxyl radical (·OH). When reused for the third time, the removal rate of OTC by nano-Fe3O4/BC composites with mass ratios of 1:4, 1:2 and 1:1 was still more than 70%. Therefore, the nano-Fe3O4/BC composite is a promising PMS activator, which can realize the rapid oxidative degradation of OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Zehuan Qi
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Zhenjun Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
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Shang X, Cui T, Xiao Z, Ren R, Song Z, Wang Z, Li C, Xu B, Qi F, Ikhlaq A, Kumirska J, Maria Siedlecka E, Oksana I. Electrochemical oxidation degradation of fungicide 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one (CMIT) in brine of reverse osmosis by a novel Ti/CB@MXene anode. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zuo X, Cao W, Li Y, Wang T. Antibiotic resistant bacteria inactivation through metal-free electrochemical disinfection with carbon catalysts and its potential risks. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135496. [PMID: 35764114 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the inactivation of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) during the electrochemical disinfection. However, no available information could be found on ARB inactivation in water during metal-free electrochemical disinfection. In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based carbon catalyst (PPC) was chosen as working electrode. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate key design for ARB inactivation, effects of water matrix and potential risks after the disinfection under the pre-determined conditions. The disinfection with current density at 2.25 mA/cm2 and Air/Water ratio of 10:1 was optimal with the largest ARB inactivation (5.0 log reduction for 40 min), which was in line with the profile and yield of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) during the disinfection. Effects of water matrix analysis implied that ARB inactivation efficiencies during the disinfection in acidic solutions were better than the one in alkaline solutions, which could be due to rich CC levels on surface of PPC cathode. After the optimal disinfection, ARB counts increased slightly at the first 2 h and then tended to disappear, and there were no conjugation transfer and little transformation for target antibiotic resistance genes, indicating that potential risks could be blocked after the disinfection for 40 min. Furthermore, intermittent flow was more effective in inactivating ARB compared with continuous flow. These suggested that the application of metal-free electrochemical disinfection with PPC to inactivate ARB in water was feasible and desirable in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoJun Zuo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Joint Laboratory of Atmospheric Pollution Control, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - WenXing Cao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Joint Laboratory of Atmospheric Pollution Control, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Joint Laboratory of Atmospheric Pollution Control, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Environment Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, China
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Process optimization and kinetics study for photocatalytic ciprofloxacin degradation using TiO2 nanoparticle: A comparative study of Artificial Neural Network and Surface Response Methodology. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang F, Ke R, Liu M, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang Y. Improved electrocatalytic performance of Fe/CeO2 bifunctional electrocatalyst by simultaneous H2O2 in-situ generation and activation. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Electrocoagulation Process: An Approach to Continuous Processes, Reactors Design, Pharmaceuticals Removal, and Hybrid Systems—A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9101831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrocoagulation (EC) process has been widely studied in recent years to remove a wide range of contaminants present in different types of water: fluorides, arsenic, heavy metals, organic matter, colorants, oils, and recently, pharmaceutical compounds. However, most of the studies have been aimed at understanding the process factors that have the most significant effect on efficiency, and these studies have been mainly on a batch process. Therefore, this review is focused on elucidating the current state of development of this process and the challenges it involves transferring to continuous processes and the recent exploration of its potential use in the removal of pharmaceutical contaminants and its implementation with other technologies.
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