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Zhang H, Lv X, Yang Z, Li Q, Wang P, Zhang S, Xu Y, Wang X, Ali EF, Hooda PS, Lee SS, Li R, Shaheen SM, Zhang Z. A field trial for remediation of multi-metal contaminated soils using the combination of fly ash stabilization and Zanthoxylumbungeanum- Lolium perenne intercropping system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 361:121231. [PMID: 38810463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Insitu stabilization and phytoextraction are considered as two convenient and effective technologies for the remediation of toxic elements (TEs) in soils. However, the effectiveness of these two remediation technologies together on the bioavailability and phytoextraction of TEs in field trials has not been explored yet. Specifically, the remediation potential of fly ash (FA; as stabilizing agent) and ryegrass (as a TE accumulator) intercropped with a target crop for soil polluted with multiple TEs has not been investigated yet, particularly in long-term field trials. Therefore, in this study, a six-month combined remediation field experiment of FA stabilization and/or ryegrass intercropping (IR) was carried out on the farmland soils contaminated with As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn where Zanthoxylumbungeanum (ZB) trees as native crops were grown for years. The treatments include soil cultivated alone with ZB untreated- (control) and treated-with FA (FA), produced by burning lignite in Shaanxi Datong power plant, China, soil cultivated with ZB and ryegrass untreated- (IR) and treated-with FA (FA + IR). This was underpinned by a large-scale survey in Daiziying (China), which showed that the topsoils were polluted by Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb, and that Hg and Pb contents in the Zanthoxylumbungeanum fruits exceeded their allowable limits. The TEs contents in the studied FA were lower than their total element contents in the soil. The DTPA-extractable TEs contents of the remediation modes were as follows: FA < FA + IR < IR < control. Notably, TEs contents in the ZB fruits were lowest under the FA + IR treatment, which were decreased by 27.6% for As, 42.3% for Cd, 16.7% for Cr, 30.5% for Cu, 23.1% for Hg, 15.5% for Ni, 33.2% for Pb and 38.1% for Zn compared with the control treatment. Whereas the FA + IR treatment enhanced TEs contents in ryegrass shoots and roots, and the TEs contents in ryegrass shoots were below their regulatory limits for fodder crops. The findings confirmed that the combined remediation strategy, i.e., FA (with low content of TEs) stabilization effect and intercropping of ZB (target crop) and ryegrass (accumulating plant) could provide a prospective approach to produce target plants within safe TEs thresholds with greater economic benefits, while remediating soils polluted with multiple TEs and mitigating the potential ecological and human health risk. Those results are of great applicable concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Lv
- China Nonferrous Metal Industry Xi 'an Survey and Design Institute Co., LTD, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710054, China.
| | - Zhaowen Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Qian Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Shuqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Yaqiong Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Xuejia Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Esmat F Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Peter S Hooda
- Faculty of Engineering, Computing and the Environment, Kingston University, London, Kingston Upon Thames, KT1 2EE, London, UK.
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
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Zhao B, Liu W, Wang X, Lu J. Emission characteristics and removal of heavy metals in flue gas: a case study in waste incineration and coal-fired power plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8883-8897. [PMID: 38180667 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollutants such as Hg, As, Pb, Cr, and Cd emitted from coal and waste combustion have received widespread attention. In this study, we systematically investigated the emission characteristics of heavy metals in waste incineration and coal-fired flue gases, focused on testing the removal effect of self-made cold electrode electrostatic precipitator (CE-ESP) on heavy metals in flue gas, and made a comparative analysis with the existing air pollution control devices (APCDs). Test results from waste incineration power plant showed that each APCD showed a certain effect on the removal of heavy metals in condensable particulate matter (CPM), with an average removal efficiency of bag filter was 86%, but its effect on Hg removal was slightly worse. Under the coupled field with electrified cold electrode plate operation mode, the average removal efficiency of CE-ESP on heavy metals in CPM was as high as 93%, including 76% for Hg. The removal efficiency of heavy metals (especially Hg) in CPM increased with the increase of flue gas temperature difference between inlet and outlet of CE-ESP. Test results from this coal-fired power plant showed that heavy metals were enriched in fly ash to a higher degree than in slag, the synergistic control of heavy metals in submicron particulate matter by the dust remover was not obvious, and there was a significant correlation between each heavy metal emission factor and its content in coal. Under the temperature field with non-electric cold electrode plate operation mode, the overall effect of CE-ESP on the removal of gaseous heavy metals was better than that of particulate heavy metals. Under the conventional electric field operation mode, CE-ESP was less effective in removing particulate Cr and gaseous Hg0. Under the coupled field with electrified cold electrode plate operation mode, the average removal efficiencies of CE-ESP for particulate and gaseous heavy metals were 82.37% and 76.16%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multipollutants Control, Department of Environental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multipollutants Control, Department of Environental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multipollutants Control, Department of Environental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Lu
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multipollutants Control, Department of Environental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, People's Republic of China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Resources & Environmental System Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Z, Dai S, Cowan EA, Dietrich M, Schlesinger WH, Wu Q, Zhou M, Seramur KC, Das D, Vengosh A. Isotopic Signatures and Outputs of Lead from Coal Fly Ash Disposal in China, India, and the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12259-12269. [PMID: 37556313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research and technology to reduce the atmospheric emission of Pb from burning coal for power generation, minimal attention has been paid to Pb associated with coal ash disposal in the environment. This study investigates the isotopic signatures and output rates of Pb in fly ash disposal in China, India, and the United States. Pairwise comparison between feed coal and fly ash samples collected from coal-fired power plants from each country shows that the Pb isotope composition of fly ash largely resembles that of feed coal, and its isotopic distinction allows for tracing the release of Pb from coal fly ash into the environment. Between 2000 and 2020, approx. 236, 56, and 46 Gg Pb from fly ash have been disposed in China, India, and the U.S., respectively, posing a significant environmental burden. A Bayesian Pb isotope mixing model shows that during the past 40 to 70 years, coal fly ash has contributed significantly higher Pb (∼26%) than leaded gasoline (∼7%) to Pb accumulation in the sediments of five freshwater lakes in North Carolina, U.S.A. This implies that the release of disposed coal fly ash Pb at local and regional scales can outweigh that of other anthropogenic Pb sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Shifeng Dai
- College of Geoscience and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ellen A Cowan
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, United States
| | - Matthew Dietrich
- The Polis Center, IU Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - William H Schlesinger
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qingru Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Mingxuan Zhou
- College of Geoscience and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Keith C Seramur
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, United States
| | - Debabrata Das
- Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Lu P, Deng S, Li G, Tuheti A, Liu J. Regional Transport of PM 2.5 from Coal-Fired Power Plants in the Fenwei Plain, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2170. [PMID: 36767540 PMCID: PMC9915847 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Fenwei Plain (FWP) remains one of the worst PM2.5-polluted regions in China, although its air quality has improved in recent years. To evaluate the regional transport characteristics of PM2.5 emitted by coal-fired power plants in the FWP in wintertime, the primary PM2.5, SO2, and NOx emissions from coal-fired power plants with large units (≥300 MW) in 11 cities of the area in January 2019 were collected based on the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS). The spatial distribution and source contribution of primary and secondary PM2.5 concentrations were investigated using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model and the California Puff (CALPUFF) model. The results showed that secondary PM2.5 was transported over a larger range than primary PM2.5 and that secondary nitrate was the main component of the total PM2.5 concentration, accounting for more than 70%. High concentrations of primary, secondary, and total PM2.5 mainly occurred in the Shaanxi region of the FWP, especially in Xianyang, where the PM2.5 concentrations were the highest among the 11 cities, even though its pollutant emissions were at moderate levels. The PM2.5 concentrations in Sanmenxia and Yuncheng primarily came from regional transport, accounting for 64% and 68%, respectively, while those in other cities were dominated by local emissions, accounting for more than 63%. The results may help to understand the regional transport characteristics of pollutants emitted from elevated point sources over a complex terrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Lu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
- School of Energy and Architecture, Xi’an Aeronautical Institute, Xi’an 710077, China
- School of Architectural Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Shunxi Deng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Guanghua Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Abula Tuheti
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Jiayao Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
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