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Hilviu D, Frau F, Bosco FM, Marini A, Gabbatore I. Can Narrative Skills Improve in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Preliminary Study with Verbally Fluent Adolescents Receiving the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH 2023; 52:1605-1632. [PMID: 37155128 PMCID: PMC10520104 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-023-09945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting social and communicative skills, including narrative ability, namely the description of real-life or fictive accounts of temporally and causally related events. With this study, we aimed to determine whether a communicative-pragmatic training, i.e., the version for adolescents of the Cognitive-Pragmatic Treatment, is effective in improving the narrative skills of 16 verbally fluent adolescents with ASD. We used a multilevel approach to assess pre- and post-training narrative production skills. Discourse analysis focused on micro- (i.e., mean length of utterance, complete sentences, omissions of morphosyntactic information) and macrolinguistic measures (i.e., cohesion, coherence errors, lexical informativeness). Results revealed a significant improvement in mean length of utterance and complete sentences and a decrease in cohesion errors. No significant change was found in the other narrative measures investigated. Our findings suggest that a pragmatically oriented training may be useful in improving grammatical efficiency in narrative production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dize Hilviu
- Department of Psychology, GIPSI Research Group, University of Turin, Via Verdi, 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Frau
- Laboratory of Neurolinguistics and Experimental Pragmatics (NEP), University School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca M. Bosco
- Department of Psychology, GIPSI Research Group, University of Turin, Via Verdi, 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Marini
- Department of Languages, Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, Cognitive neuroscience lab, University of Udine, Via Margreth, 3, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Claudiana-Landesfachhochschule Für Gesundheitsberufe, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gabbatore
- Department of Psychology, GIPSI Research Group, University of Turin, Via Verdi, 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Research Unit of Logopedics, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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He W, Ming Z, Huang L, Chen T. The Effect of Competence-Building Narrative on Chinese Adolescents' Persistence. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:1787-1795. [PMID: 37201173 PMCID: PMC10187646 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s404950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistence is one of the most critical aspects of learning motivation, but little attention has been paid to persistence intervention in the literature. The current study took a perspective from narrative psychology to examine the effect of narrative form on junior middle school students' ability to persist. Thirty-two students were randomly assigned to the experimental group of competence-building narrative and the control group. While all the students constructed past experiences of success and failure, those in the experimental group were prompted to think from a competence-building perspective. Then both groups solved a figure-based problem, within which the researcher recorded their number of attempts and time spent. Results showed that those who construct past success and failure from a competence-building perspective attempted more times and spent more time on the unsolvable problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuming He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Education Science, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Ming
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Education Science, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhu Ming, Email
| | - Lulu Huang
- School of Education Science, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Xinyi No.2 High School of Guangdong, Xinyi City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiancai Chen
- Zhanjiang Aizhou Middle School, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
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Dunlop WL, Lee DI, Harake N, Westberg DW, Robins RW. Reading, Writing, Arithmetic…and Redemption: Relations among academic redemptive stories, authenticity, and life satisfaction. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Costabile KA, Boytos AS. Autobiographical Narratives Reflect, Repair, and Rewrite Self-Views. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2021.2007702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Nurmohamed S, Kundro TG, Myers CG. Against the odds: Developing underdog versus favorite narratives to offset prior experiences of discrimination. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Novak CJ, Chang EC, Xu J, Shen J, Zheng S, Wang Y. Basic psychological needs and negative affective conditions in Chinese adolescents: Does coping still matter? PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chen E, Debrosse R, Ham PJ, Hoffer LC, Leigh AKK, Destin M. Effects of social support in an academic context on low-grade inflammation in high school students. J Behav Med 2021; 44:803-810. [PMID: 34363145 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bolstering academic motivation is a high priority in school settings, but some evidence suggests this could take a toll on students' physical health. To address this, this study compared the effects of an experimental manipulation of academic motivation alone (AM) to academic motivation enhanced with social support (SS + AM) on markers of inflammation in a sample of 80 high school 9th graders. Outcomes included low-grade inflammation: C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6); a motivation measure; and grade point average (GPA), taken at baseline and follow-up (beginning and end of school year, respectively). Students in the SS + AM condition had lower levels of inflammation at follow-up (covarying baseline levels) compared to those in the AM condition. The two groups were equivalent on motivation and GPA at follow-up. This preliminary study suggests that incorporating social support into academic motivation programs has the potential to benefit inflammatory markers in young people while allowing them to maintain positive academic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Chen
- Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA. .,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Régine Debrosse
- School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paula J Ham
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren C Hoffer
- Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Adam K K Leigh
- Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mesmin Destin
- Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University Evanston, Evanston, IL, USA.,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Dunlop WL. The cycle of life and story: Redemptive autobiographical narratives and prosocial behaviors. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 43:213-218. [PMID: 34419896 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adults often understand their lives by constructing personal stories and then living into them. Time and time again, a positive relation has been found between the tendency to build redemptive personal stories wherein negative and challenging experiences ultimately give way to positive endings and prosocial behavior. Here, I review the relevant literature in the interest of advancing the notion that redemptive stories and prosociality exist in a virtuous cycle. Engaging in prosocial acts can stimulate the redemptive framing of one's past. By the same measure, once formed, individuals work to bring the story to life, and the ethos of redemption holds the potential to stimulate and sustain prosocial behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Dunlop
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA; Department of Psychology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Dunlop WL. Everything you wanted to know about redemptive stories* (*but were afraid to ask). JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Jones BK, Destin M. Effects of positive versus negative expressive writing exercises on adolescent academic achievement. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brady K. Jones
- Department of Psychology University of St. Francis Joliet IL USA
| | - Mesmin Destin
- Department of Psychology, School of Education & Social Policy, Institute for Policy Research Northwestern University Evanston IL USA
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Shiner RL, Klimstra TA, Denissen JJA, See AY. The development of narrative identity and the emergence of personality disorders in adolescence. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 37:49-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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