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KARACAN SEVER N, ÜSTÜN T, OMEROVİC M, ÖNOL M, ZAHİRİ AK, DOĞAN B. Prevalence of dermatophytes isolated from domestic animals in Ankara within a three-year period (2014-2017). MEHMET AKIF ERSOY ÜNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.24880/maeuvfd.844656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Čmoková A, Kolařík M, Dobiáš R, Hoyer LL, Janouškovcová H, Kano R, Kuklová I, Lysková P, Machová L, Maier T, Mallátová N, Man M, Mencl K, Nenoff P, Peano A, Prausová H, Stubbe D, Uhrlaß S, Větrovský T, Wiegand C, Hubka V. Resolving the taxonomy of emerging zoonotic pathogens in the Trichophyton benhamiae complex. FUNGAL DIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-020-00465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Paryuni AD, Indarjulianto S, Widyarini S. Dermatophytosis in companion animals: A review. Vet World 2020; 13:1174-1181. [PMID: 32801570 PMCID: PMC7396343 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1174-1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatophytosis, a zoonotic disease, is caused by fungi of three main genera, namely, Micropsorum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. Specific lesions of dermatophyte infections are localized in the face, legs, and/or tail. Skin lesions in infected animals demonstrate localized alopecia, erythema, and crust, which are more commonly known as ringworm. Factors that affect dermatophytosis include the dermatophyte species; virulence factors of the agent; and the immune status, age, and sex of the host. High levels of cortisol and pro-inflammatory cytokines have also been reported to play an important role in dermatophyte infection. This review aims to explore and understand factors that affect dermatophyte infection with an emphasis on the prevalence, clinical signs, pathogenesis, immune response, and the roles of cortisol and cytokines in companion animals infected by a dermatophyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsi Dara Paryuni
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Soedarmanto Indarjulianto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Sitarina Widyarini
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Sayed-Ahmed MZ, Ahdy AM, Younis EE, El-Khodery SA, Baraka HN. Comparative effectiveness of Sumaq and Neem extract cream, Eniloconazole and glycerine iodine on dermatophytosis in Arabian horses: a randomized clinical trial. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:905-910. [PMID: 30554365 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1773-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Dermatophytosis is a contagious fungal disease among animal communities. The major concerns of dermatophytosis are cost of treatment, difficulty of control, and the public health consequences. The objective of the present study was to compare the clinical efficacy of Sumaq and Neem extract cream with that of traditional treatments, eniloconazole and glycerine iodine, on dermatophytosis in Arabian horses. For this purpose, 37 Arabian horses with dermatophytosis had been used. Fungal isolation and identification for each horse were carried out by standard microbiological procedures. Sumaq (Rhus coriaria Linn.) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed extracts were selected based on in vitro effectiveness. Horses were randomly allocated into four groups. The first group (n = 8) was treated with glycerine iodine 10% daily for 7 days. The second group (n = 10) was treated using eniloconazole 10% emulsified concentrate four times with 2 days interval. The third group (n = 11) was treated with Neem seeds extract (20% cream) daily for 10 days, and the fourth group (n = 8) was treated with Sumaq extract (5% cream) daily for 10 days. Clinical and mycological evaluations were assessed at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-treatment. The Sumaq and eniloconazole were more effective on clinical index score after 7 days of treatment followed by Neem seed 20% cream. At 28 days post-treatment, a complete healing was obtained by Sumaq 5% cream and eniloconazole (median clinical sum score = zero) followed by Neem (median clinical sum score = 1.5). Moreover, Dermatophytes spp. was isolated only from two horses, one from Neem group and the other from glycerin iodine group. The present results indicate that Sumaq 5% and Neem seed extract are effective alternative treatment for dermatophytosis in Arabian horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Z Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed M Ahdy
- Veterinarian at Elzahraa State stud, Giza, Egypt
| | - Emad E Younis
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Sabry A El-Khodery
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Hany N Baraka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Nweze EI, Eke IE. Dermatophytes and dermatophytosis in the eastern and southern parts of Africa. Med Mycol 2018; 56:13-28. [PMID: 28419352 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermatophytosis is currently a disease of global importance and a public health burden. It is caused by dermatophytes, which attack and grow on dead animal keratin. Dermatophytes belong to three genera, namely, Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. The predominant clinical forms and causative agents vary from one region of the world to another. Poor socioeconomic status, high population densities, and poor sanitary conditions are some of the factors responsible for the high prevalence of dermatophytosis in many developing countries, which include countries in southern and eastern Africa, the focus of this review. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no review article on published findings on dermatophytosis in the eastern and southern parts of Africa. This information will be of interest to the medical and research community since the world has become a global village. This review covers published research findings in eastern and southern regions of Africa until this date. The countries covered in the current review include Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, Malawi, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Botswana. T. violaceum is the most common human etiological agent in all the countries under review with prevalence ranging from 56.7% to 95%, except for Madagascar (M. langeronii, reclassified as M. audouinii), Uganda (M. gypseum) and Malawi (M. audouinii). Tinea capitis was the most clinical type, followed by tinea corporis. Etiological agents of animal dermatophytoses were variable in the countries where they were reported. Major risk factors for dermatophytoses are age, climatic, and socioeconomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Nweze
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - I E Eke
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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El Damaty HM, Tartor YH, Mahmmod YS. Species Identification, Strain Differentiation, and Antifungal Susceptibility of Dermatophyte Species Isolated From Clinically Infected Arabian Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Brito-Santos F, Figueiredo-Carvalho MHG, Coelho RA, Sales A, Almeida-Paes R. Tinea Capitis by Microsporum audouinii: Case Reports and Review of Published Global Literature 2000-2016. Mycopathologia 2017; 182:1053-1060. [PMID: 28736794 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-017-0181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tinea capitis caused by Microsporum audouinii is reported herein from two Brazilian schoolchildren, which are brothers. Arthroconidia were evidenced on direct examination of scalp hair, and a fungus of the genus Microsporum was isolated from cultures of each patient. The isolated fungi were classified as M. audouinii by visualization of species-specific structures, including: pectinate hyphae, chlamydospores, and fusiform macroconidia, sterile growth with characteristic brown pigment in rice grains, and through DNA sequencing of the internal transcriber spacer region. Patients were refractory to ketoconazole, but the two cases had a satisfactory response to oral terbinafine. All M. audouinii infections described in this century were reviewed, and to our knowledge, this is the first literature description of this species from South America. Misidentification of M. audouinii with Microsporum canis can occur in this area, leading to erroneous data about the occurrence of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Brito-Santos
- Mycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz, Av. Brazil 4365 - Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Rowena Alves Coelho
- Mycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz, Av. Brazil 4365 - Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anna Sales
- Souza Araujo Outpatient Clinics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
- Mycology Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz, Av. Brazil 4365 - Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Maurice MN, Kazeem HM, Kwanashie CN, Maurice NA, Ngbede EO, Adamu HN, Mshelia WP, Edeh RE. Equine Dermatophytosis: A Survey of Its Occurrence and Species Distribution among Horses in Kaduna State, Nigeria. SCIENTIFICA 2016; 2016:6280646. [PMID: 27340592 PMCID: PMC4908246 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6280646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the occurrence and species distribution of dermatophyte from cutaneous skin lesions of horses in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A total of 102 skin scrapings were collected from 102 horses with skin lesions. Mycological studies were carried out using conventional techniques. Dermatophytes were isolated from 18 (17.6%) of the 102 samples collected. The 18 dermatophytes were distributed into 10 different species belonging to Microsporum (n = 5) and Trichophyton (n = 5) genera. T. verrucosum (n = 4) was the most predominant species isolated followed by M. equinum (n = 3), T. vanbreuseghemii (n = 2), M. gypseum (n = 2), and M. canis (n = 2). Others include M. fulvum (n = 2), T. mentagrophytes (n = 1), T. equinum (n = 1), T. soudanense (n = 1), and M. gallinae (n = 1). The present study reveals the occurrence of dermatophytes in cutaneous skin lesions of horses in Kaduna State, Nigeria. In addition for the first time in this environment the anthropophilic dermatophyte T. soudanense was isolated from horses. These findings have great economic, veterinary, and public health significance as they relate to the cost of treatment and dissemination of zoonotic dermatophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene N. Maurice
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, PMB 1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Haruna M. Kazeem
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, PMB 1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Clara N. Kwanashie
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, PMB 1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Nanven A. Maurice
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, PMB 1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
- Department of Diagnostics and Extension, National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel O. Ngbede
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, PMB 2373, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - Helen N. Adamu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, PMB 5017, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Wayuta P. Mshelia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, PMB 1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Richard E. Edeh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, PMB 1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
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