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Mehmood A, Iftikhar A, Chen X. Food-derived bioactive peptides with anti-hyperuricemic activity: A comprehensive review. Food Chem 2024; 451:139444. [PMID: 38678657 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HU) is a metabolic disorder caused by the overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid (UA) in the human body. Several approved drugs for the treatment of HU are available in the market; however, all these allopathic drugs exhibit multiple side effects. Therefore, the development of safe and effective anti-HU drugs is an urgent need. Natural compounds derived from foods and plants have the potential to decrease UA levels. Recently, food-derived bioactive peptides (FBPs) have gained attention as a functional ingredient owing to their biological activities. In the current review, we aim to explore the urate-lowering potential and the underlying mechanisms of FBPs. We found that FBPs mitigate HU by reducing blood UA levels through inhibiting key enzymes such as xanthine oxidase, increasing renal UA excretion, inhibiting renal UA reabsorption, increasing anti-oxidant activities, regulating inflammatory mediators, and addressing gut microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, FBPs exhibit strong potential to ameliorate HU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Asra Iftikhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan and Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Liu X, Zhang L, Lai B, Li J, Zang J, Ma L. Harnessing Protein Hydrolysates and Peptides for Hyperuricemia Management: Insights into Sources, Mechanisms, Techniques, and Future Directions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18758-18773. [PMID: 39161084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an imbalance in uric acid production and excretion, frequently leading to gout and various chronic conditions. Novel bioactive compounds offer effective alternatives for managing HUA, reducing side effects of traditional medications. Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of protein hydrolysates and peptides in managing HUA. This review focuses on preparing and applying protein hydrolysates to treat HUA and explores peptides for xanthine oxidase inhibition. Particularly, we discuss their origins, enzymatic approaches, and mechanisms of action in detail. The review provides an updated understanding of HUA pathogenesis, current pharmacological interventions, and methodologies for the preparation, purification, identification, and assessment of these compounds. Furthermore, to explore the application of protein hydrolysates and peptides in the food industry, we also address challenges and propose solutions related to the safety, bitterness, oral delivery, and the integration of artificial intelligence in peptide discovery. Bridging traditional pharmacological approaches and innovative dietary interventions, this study paves the way for future research and development in HUA management, contributing to the utilization of proteins from different food sources. In conclusion, protein hydrolysates and peptides show significant promise as safe agents and dietary interventions for preventing and treating HUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Boyin Lai
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingming Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liyan Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Yuan L, Chu Q, Yang B, Zhang W, Sun Q, Gao R. Purification and identification of anti-inflammatory peptides from sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) cartilage. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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Purification and Identification of Novel Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Round Scad ( Decapterus maruadsi) Protein Hydrolysates. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100538. [PMID: 34677437 PMCID: PMC8538066 DOI: 10.3390/md19100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory effects of peptides purified and identified from round scad (Decapterus maruadsi) hydrolysates (RSHs). In this study, RSHs were obtained by using three proteases (neutrase, protamex and alcalase). Among them, the RSHs of 6-h hydrolysis by neutrase displayed the strongest XO inhibitory activity and had an abundance of small peptides (<500 Da). Four novel peptides were purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and identified by nano-high-performance liquid chromatography mass/mass spectrometry. Their amino acid sequences were KGFP (447.53 Da), FPSV (448.51 Da), FPFP (506.59 Da) and WPDGR (629.66 Da), respectively. Then the peptides were synthesized to evaluate their XO inhibitory activity. The results indicated that the peptides of both FPSV (5 mM) and FPFP (5 mM) exhibited higher XO inhibitory activity (22.61 ± 1.81% and 20.09 ± 2.41% respectively). Fluorescence spectra assay demonstrated that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of XO by these inhibitors (FPSV and FPFP) was a static quenching procedure. The study of inhibition kinetics suggested that the inhibition of both FPSV and FPFP was reversible, and the type of their inhibition was a mixed one. Molecular docking revealed the importance of π-π stacking between Phe residue (contained in peptides) and Phe914 (contained in the XO) in the XO inhibitory activity of the peptides.
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Qi X, Chen H, Guan K, Wang R, Ma Y. Anti-hyperuricemic and nephroprotective effects of whey protein hydrolysate in potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemic rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4916-4924. [PMID: 33543494 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a serious public health concern globally that needs to be solved. It is closely related to gout and other metabolic diseases. To develop a safe and effective dietary supplementation for alleviating HUA, we investigated the effects of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on HUA and associated renal dysfunction and explored their underlying mechanism. RESULTS Potassium oxonate was used to induce HUA in model rats, who were then administered WPH for 21 days. The results showed that WPH significantly inhibited xanthine oxidase and adenosine deaminase activity in serum and liver, decreased uric acid (UA), creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels in serum, and increased the UA excretion in urine. In addition, WPH downregulated the expression of urate transporter 1 and upregulated the expression of organic anion transporter 1, adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily G member 2, organic cation/carnitine transporters 1 and 2, and organic cation transporter 1 in kidneys. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated for the first time that WPH could alleviate HUA by inhibiting UA production and promoting UA excretion, and improve the renal dysfunction caused by HUA. Thus, WPH may be a potential functional ingredient for the prevention and treatment of HUA and associated renal dysfunction. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Kaifang Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Yuan L, Chu Q, Wu X, Yang B, Zhang W, Jin W, Gao R. Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Peptides From Ethanol-Soluble Hydrolysates of Sturgeon ( Acipenser schrenckii) Cartilage. Front Nutr 2021; 8:689648. [PMID: 34179062 PMCID: PMC8225940 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.689648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that cartilage containing chondroitin sulfate and protein presents versatile bioactivities. Chondroitin sulfate in cartilage is beneficial to activate the immune system while the protein/peptide has not been fully understood. The current study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ethanol-soluble hydrolysates of sturgeon cartilage (ESCH) prepared through hot-pressure, enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol extraction. UV spectrum, IR and agarose gel electrophoresis results suggested the successful exclusion of chondroitin sulfate from peptides. Nitric oxide (NO) floods in cells activated by inflammation. It was inhibited when administrated with ESCH. To further explain the observed anti-inflammatory activity, ESCH was separated with Sephadex G-15 into 3 components, among which F3 showed a higher NO inhibition rate and significantly reduced the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. In addition, the yield of IL-10 increased. Western blotting suggested that F3 downregulated the NO content and IL-6 level by suppressing Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) channels. Moreover, both ESCH and F3 showed DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging abilities which was possibly related to the anti-inflammatory property. These results indicated that ESCH behaved anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Cartilage may be a good source to produce anti-inflammatory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qian Chu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bei Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wengang Jin
- Bio-Resources Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Ruichang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Bio-Resources Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
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Mosiichuk N, Grujic D, Woliński J, Podpryatov S, Podpriatov S, Szczurek P, Yatsenko T, Shmihel H, Drahanchuk O, Pierzynowski S, Goncharova Pierzynowska K. Uricemia in juvenile pigs model: effect of nephrectomy and potassium oxonate. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/110436/2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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He W, Su G, Sun-Waterhouse D, Waterhouse GI, Zhao M, Liu Y. In vivo anti-hyperuricemic and xanthine oxidase inhibitory properties of tuna protein hydrolysates and its isolated fractions. Food Chem 2019; 272:453-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Su G, He W, Zhao M, Waterhouse GI, Sun-Waterhouse D. Effect of different buffer systems on the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of tuna ( Katsuwonus pelamis ) protein hydrolysate. Food Res Int 2018; 105:556-562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Li Q, Kang X, Shi C, Li Y, Majumder K, Ning Z, Ren J. Moderation of hyperuricemia in rats via consuming walnut protein hydrolysate diet and identification of new antihyperuricemic peptides. Food Funct 2018; 9:107-116. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Walnut-derived antihyperuricemic peptides were purified and identified based on decreasing serum uric acid level and inhibiting xanthine oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Kang
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Chuanchao Shi
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Yujuan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Kaustav Majumder
- Food Science & Technology Department
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln
- USA
| | - Zhengxiang Ning
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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Murota I, Taguchi S, Sato N, Park EY, Nakamura Y, Sato K. Identification of antihyperuricemic peptides in the proteolytic digest of shark cartilage water extract using in vivo activity-guided fractionation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:2392-2397. [PMID: 24588444 DOI: 10.1021/jf405504u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A peptide that exerts antihyperuricemic activity after oral administration was identified from a microbial protease (alcalase) digest of the water extract of shark cartilage by in vivo activity-guided fractionation, using oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rats. Water extract of shark cartilage was first fractionated by preparative ampholine-free isoelectric focusing, followed by preparative reversed-phase liquid chromatography. The antihyperuricemic activity of the alcalse digests of the obtained fractions was evaluated using an animal model. Alcalase digests of the basic and hydrophobic fractions exerted antihyperuricemic activity. A total of 18 peptides were identified in the alcalase digest of the final active fraction. These peptides were chemically synthesized and evaluated for antihyperuricemic activity. Tyr-Leu-Asp-Asn-Tyr and Ser-Pro-Pro-Tyr-Trp-Pro-Tyr lowered the serum uric acid level via intravenous injection at 5 mg/kg of body weight. Furthermore, orally administered Tyr-Leu-Asp-Asn-Tyr showed antihyperuricemic activity. Therefore, these peptides are at least partially responsible for the antihyperuricemic activity of the alcalase digest of shark cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuki Murota
- Central Research Institute, Maruha Nichiro Holdings, Incorporated 16-2 Wadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4295, Japan
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