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Schnitker FA, Steingass CB, Schweiggert R. Analytical characterization of anthocyanins using trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2024; 459:140200. [PMID: 38996637 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanin profiles of juices from blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and different grape varieties (Vitis labrusca L. cv. Concord, Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Accent, Dunkelfelder, Dakapo, and GM 674-1) were characterized by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (TIMS-QTOF-MS/MS). Ion mobility and collision cross section (CCS) values of over 50 structurally related anthocyanins based on delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin, and malvidin were determined. Relations between molecular mass, mobility values, and specific structural features were revealed. The mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio of the molecular ions (M+) was found to be the major factor influencing anthocyanin ion mobilities, but structural characteristics also contributed to their variability. We were able to differentiate positional and geometrical isomers and certain epimers by their respective mobility values. For instance, whereas 3-O-hexosides (i.e., 3-O-glucosides and 3-O-galactosides) were separated by TIMS, epimers of 3-O-pentosides assessed could not be distinguished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike A Schnitker
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Christof B Steingass
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany.
| | - Ralf Schweiggert
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
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2
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Saeed W, Ismail T, Qamar M, Esatbeyoglu T. Bioactivity Profiling and Phytochemical Analysis of Carissa carandas Extracts: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Urinary Tract Infection Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1037. [PMID: 39334696 PMCID: PMC11429228 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13091037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Carissa carandas L. (Apocynaceae) is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia including Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and Sri Lanka. C. carandas is considered as an integral component of traditional medicinal systems to combat several health ailments. The present study aimed to assess this plant's phytochemical contents and biological potential by performing sequential extraction, adopting a bioassay-guided approach. C. carandas powder was extracted with n-hexane to remove fatty substances and then residues were sequentially extracted with dichloromethane, methanol, and 50% methanol. All the sequential crude extracts were evaluated for phytochemical contents (total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins), in vitro antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH), in vitro anti-inflammatory activity (serum and egg albumin denaturation), in vivo anti-inflammatory activity (carrageenan- and formaldehyde-induced paw edema), and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Active crude extract was then partitioned using the liquid-liquid separation method followed by further separation of the active fraction by RP-HPLC. The active fraction was then subjected to LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis for tentative identification of bioactive metabolites responsible for its bioactive properties, followed by HPLC quantification. The analysis revealed methanol extract to have more phytochemical contents, radical scavenging properties, reduced inflammation in both models (in vitro and in vivo), and antimicrobial properties against urinary tract infection-causing agents as compared to dichloromethane and 50% methanol extracts. The ethyl acetate fraction obtained after liquid-liquid partitioning (LLP) of the active methanol extract exhibited more activity as compared to C. carandas methanol extract. RP-HPLC sub-fractionation yielded seven sub-fractions, but a slight decrease in biological potential was recorded. Therefore, LLP fraction B was subjected to further analysis. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis led to the tentative identification of phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, quinic acid), flavonoids (quercetin), and anthocyanins (peonidin-3-arabinoside, delphinidin-3-galactoside, delphinidin-3-rutinoside) in the active LLP ethyl acetate fraction. Chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, and quinic acid were quantified as 17.6 µg/mg, 5.90 µg/mg, and 3.30 µg/mg, respectively, on a dry weight basis by HPLC. C. carandas may be considered a promising therapeutic plant, and the results of the current study provide more evidence to support the assertions made in ancient medical traditions. These findings highlight its promising applications in health, medicine, cosmetics, preservatives, and as a natural coloring agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisha Saeed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (W.S.); (T.I.)
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (W.S.); (T.I.)
| | - Muhammad Qamar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (W.S.); (T.I.)
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Molecular Food Chemistry and Food Development, Institute of Food and One Health, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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Xue H, Zha M, Tang Y, Zhao J, Du X, Wang Y. Research Progress on the Extraction and Purification of Anthocyanins and Their Interactions with Proteins. Molecules 2024; 29:2815. [PMID: 38930881 PMCID: PMC11206947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins, as the most critical water-soluble pigments in nature, are widely present in roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and fruit peels. Many studies have indicated that anthocyanins exhibit various biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, vision protection, and anti-aging. Hence, anthocyanins are widely used in food, medicine, and cosmetics. The green and efficient extraction and purification of anthocyanins are an important prerequisite for their further development and utilization. However, the poor stability and low bioavailability of anthocyanins limit their application. Protein, one of the three essential nutrients for the human body, has good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Proteins are commonly used in food processing, but their functional properties need to be improved. Notably, anthocyanins can interact with proteins through covalent and non-covalent means during food processing, which can effectively improve the stability of anthocyanins and enhance their bioavailability. Moreover, the interactions between proteins and anthocyanins can also improve the functional characteristics and enhance the nutritional quality of proteins. Hence, this article systematically reviews the extraction and purification methods for anthocyanins. Moreover, this review also systematically summarizes the effect of the interactions between anthocyanins and proteins on the bioavailability of anthocyanins and their impact on protein properties. Furthermore, we also introduce the application of the interaction between anthocyanins and proteins. The findings can provide a theoretical reference for the application of anthocyanins and proteins in food deep processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China; (H.X.); (M.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.); (X.D.)
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Ahmad N, Lesa KN, Ujiantari NSO, Sudarmanto A, Fakhrudin N, Ikawati Z. Development of White Cabbage, Coffee, and Red Onion Extracts as Natural Phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) Inhibitors for Cognitive Dysfunction: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:1230239. [PMID: 38808119 PMCID: PMC11132833 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1230239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cognition fundamentally depends on memory. Alzheimer's disease exhibits a strong correlation with a decline in this factor. Phosphodiesterase-4 B (PDE4B) plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative disorders, and its inhibition is one of the promising approaches for memory enhancement. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in white cabbage, coffee, and red onion extracts and identify their molecular interaction with PDE4B by in silico and in vitro experiments. Crushed white cabbage and red onion were macerated separately with ethanol to yield respective extracts, and ground coffee was boiled with water to produce aqueous extract. Thin layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry was used to examine the phytochemicals present in white cabbage, coffee, and red onion extracts. Molecular docking studies were performed to know the interaction of test compounds with PDE4B. TLC-densitometry analysis showed that chlorogenic acid and quercetin were detected as major compounds in coffee and red onion extracts, respectively. In silico studies revealed that alpha-tocopherol (binding free energy (∆Gbind) = -38.00 kcal/mol) has the strongest interaction with PDE4B whereas chlorogenic acid (∆Gbind = -21.50 kcal/mol) and quercetin (∆Gbind = -17.25 kcal/mol) exhibited moderate interaction. In vitro assay showed that the combination extracts (cabbage, coffee, and red onion) had a stronger activity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 0.12 ± 0.03 µM) than combination standards (sinigrin, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin) (IC50 = 0.17 ± 0.03 µM) and rolipram (IC50 = 0.15 ± 0.008 µM). Thus, the combination extracts are a promising cognitive enhancer by blocking PDE4B activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Kaisun Nesa Lesa
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Khulna City Corporation Women's College, Affiliated to Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore, Bangladesh
| | - Navista Sri Octa Ujiantari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Ari Sudarmanto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Zullies Ikawati
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Dias C, Pintado M, Sousa C. Anthocyanins: Quantification by Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2798:153-159. [PMID: 38587741 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3826-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is a high throughput technique widely used for metabolic fingerprinting of plant material. Among the diverse plant metabolites, pigments such as anthocyanins play a determinant role in plant defence mechanisms, protecting them from biotic and abiotic stresses. Anthocyanins are phenolic water-soluble glycosides or acyl-glycosides of anthocyanidins which could be accurately detected and quantified through mass spectrometry. This chapter describes how to extract anthocyanins from higher plant materials and quantify them through a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Dias
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Clara Sousa
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal.
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Tamošiūnas PL, Pērkons I, Kukk K. Yeast-based system for in vivo evaluation of alleles of the anthocyanin production pathway. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:156. [PMID: 37039815 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce anthocyanins to incite the pollination and seed dispersion performed by pigment-attracted animals. These natural blue-to-red-coloured pigments can be used as food colourants and antioxidants. For this purpose, microbial bioproduction of anthocyanins has become of industrial interest in recent years. 20 new alleles of anthocyanin production pathway genes were extracted and characterised for protein expression level and stability using a developed single-PCR product gene-entry system for tagged protein synthesis in yeast S. cerevisiae. Enzymatic activities of these proteins in the episomally complemented in vivo systems were compared by HPLC-MS analysis. Results show that the codon optimisation of the anthocyanin pathway genes is not essential for the effective heterologous expression in yeast. Elevating the cellular abundance of CHS and F3H enzymes can increase anthocyanidin production from supplemented precursors. New alleles VmF3Hv1 and VuCHS were shown to have the best performance in the analysed system. System complementation with flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase substantially increases total anthocyanidin production. The described single-entry yeast episomal complementation system is a convenient and rapid tool for the complex evaluation of new alleles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingus Pērkons
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes st. 3, Riga, LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Kaia Kukk
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites st. 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
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Wood E, Hein S, Mesnage R, Fernandes F, Abhayaratne N, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Bell L, Williams C, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Wild Blueberry (Poly)phenols can Improve Vascular Function And Cognitive Performance In Healthy Older Males And Females: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2023:S0002-9165(23)46300-9. [PMID: 36972800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that intake of blueberry (poly)phenols is associated with improvements in vascular function and cognitive performance. Whether these cognitive effects are linked to increases in cerebral and vascular blood flow or changes in the gut microbiota is currently unknown. METHODS A double-blind, parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted in 61 healthy older individuals aged 65-80 y. Participants received either 26g of freeze-dried wild blueberry (WBB) powder (302 mg anthocyanins) or a matched placebo (0 mg anthocyanins). Endothelial function measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), cognitive function, arterial stiffness, blood pressure (BP), cerebral blood flow (CBF), gut microbiome and blood parameters were measured at baseline and 12 weeks following daily consumption. Plasma and urinary (poly)phenol metabolites were analyzed using micro-elution solid phase-extraction coupled with LC-MS. RESULTS A significant increase in FMD and reduction in 24 h ambulatory systolic BP were found in the WBB group compared to placebo (0.86%; 95% CI 0.56, 1.17, p<0.001; -3.59 mmHg; 95% CI -6.95, -0.23, p=0.037; respectively). Enhanced immediate recall on the auditory verbal learning task, alongside better accuracy on a task-switch task were also found following WBB treatment compared to placebo (p<0.05). Total 24 h urinary (poly)phenol excretion increased significantly in the WBB group compared to placebo. No changes in CBF or gut microbiota composition were found. CONCLUSIONS Daily intake of WBB powder, equivalent to 178 g fresh weight, improves vascular and cognitive function, and decreases 24h ambulatory systolic BP in healthy older individuals. This suggests that WBB (poly)phenols may reduce future cardiovascular disease (CVD) disease risk in an older population, and may improve episodic memory processes and executive functioning in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IN CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT04084457.
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8
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Wang X, Tang Q, Chi F, Liu H, Zhang H, Song Y. Sucrose non-fermenting1-related protein kinase VcSnRK2.3 promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in association with VcMYB1 in blueberry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1018874. [PMID: 36909449 PMCID: PMC9998538 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1018874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose non-fermenting1-related protein kinase-2 (SnRK2) is a plant-specific protein kinase family and an important component of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. However, there is a lack of relevant studies in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). In this study, we identified six SnRK2 family members (from VcSnRK2.1 to VcSnRK2.6) in blueberries for the first time. In addition, we found that VcSnRK2.3 expression was not only positively correlated with fruit ripening but was also induced by ABA signaling. Transient expression in blueberry fruits also proved that VcSnRK2.3 promoted anthocyanin accumulation and the expression of anthocyanin synthesis-related genes such as VcF3H, VcDFR, VcANS, and VcUFGT. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seeds and seedlings overexpressing VcSnRK2.3 showed anthocyanin pigmentation. Yeast two-hybrid assays (Y2H) and Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays (BiFC) demonstrated that VcSnRK2.3 could interact with the anthocyanin positive regulator VcMYB1. Finally, VcSnRK2.3 was able to enhance the binding of VcMYB1 to the VcDFR promoter. Via regulation transcription of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, VcSnRK2.3 promoted anthocyanin accumulation in blueberry. The above results suggest that VcSnRK2.3 plays an important role in blueberry anthocyanin synthesis, is induced by ABA, and can interact with VcMYB1 to promote anthocyanin biosynthesis in blueberry.
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Wang S, Wang B, Dong K, Li J, Li Y, Sun H. Identification and quantification of anthocyanins of 62 blueberry cultivars via UPLC-MS. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2090857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silu Wang
- Engineering Center of Genetic Breeding and Innovative Utilization of Small Fruits of Jilin Province, College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Bowei Wang
- Engineering Center of Genetic Breeding and Innovative Utilization of Small Fruits of Jilin Province, College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Kun Dong
- Engineering Center of Genetic Breeding and Innovative Utilization of Small Fruits of Jilin Province, College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Engineering Center of Genetic Breeding and Innovative Utilization of Small Fruits of Jilin Province, College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yadong Li
- Engineering Center of Genetic Breeding and Innovative Utilization of Small Fruits of Jilin Province, College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Haiyue Sun
- Engineering Center of Genetic Breeding and Innovative Utilization of Small Fruits of Jilin Province, College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
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Oladzadabbasabadi N, Mohammadi Nafchi A, Ghasemlou M, Ariffin F, Singh Z, Al-Hassan A. Natural anthocyanins: Sources, extraction, characterization, and suitability for smart packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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11
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Li L, Zhou P, Wang Y, Pan Y, Chen M, Tian Y, Zhou H, Yang B, Meng H, Zheng J. Antimicrobial activity of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside-lauric acid ester against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Food Chem 2022; 383:132410. [PMID: 35182879 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic acylation of anthocyanin with fatty acid improves its lipophilic solubility and application potential. Nevertheless, evaluation of functional properties of product is premise for application. This study investigated the antimicrobial potential and the underlying mechanisms of an acylated anthocyanin, namely, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside-lauric acid ester (C3G-LA), to provide guidelines for its application. C3G-LA exhibited outstanding antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 0.3125 mg/mL] and modest activity against Escherichia coli (MIC = 5 mg/mL). Moreover, C3G-LA manifested bactericide ability against S. aureus at 0.625 mg/mL. Decreases in membrane integrity (by 96% and 92% at MIC in S. aureus and E. coli, respectively), intracellular ATP concentration (by 96% and 92%) and intracellular pH (by 11% and 9%) and changes in cellular morphology altogether indicated the dysfunction of cell membrane under C3G-LA treatment. These findings demonstrated that C3G-LA could be adopted as an alternative food preservative against foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China; InnoStar Bio-Tech Nantong Site, Nantong 226133, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Hecheng Meng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China; Zhongshan Hongli Health Food Industry Research Institute Co., Ltd, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Pico J, Yan Y, Gerbrandt EM, Castellarin SD. Determination of free and bound phenolics in northern highbush blueberries by a validated HPLC/QTOF methodology. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Butkeviciute A, Abukauskas V, Janulis V, Kviklys D. Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Apples of the ‘Galaval’ Cultivar Grown on 17 Different Rootstocks. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020266. [PMID: 35204149 PMCID: PMC8868230 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple cultivars are one of the main factors setting the composition of bioactive compounds in apples and the quality of the fruit. However, research has been providing increasing amounts of data on the influence of rootstocks on the variations in the composition of bioactive compounds in apples. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of rootstocks on the changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in vitro in apple flesh and peel. HPLC analyses of phenolic compounds in apple samples were performed. The rootstock–scion combination had a significant effect on the composition and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in apple samples. Depending on the rootstock, the total content of phenolic compounds in apple flesh of the ‘Galaval’ cultivar could vary by 2.9 times, and in the peel by up to 90%. The genotype of the rootstock resulted in the highest variation in total flavan-3-ol content in apple flesh—by as much as 4.3 times—while the total content of flavonols varied by 2.1 times. In apple peel, on the contrary, the greatest variation was recorded for the total flavonol content (by 4.4 times), and the total flavan-3-ol content varied the least (by 1.8 times). A proper match of a cultivar and a rootstock can program a fruit tree to grow larger amounts of higher-quality, antioxidant-rich, and high-nutrition-value fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurita Butkeviciute
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +37-037-621-56190
| | - Vytautas Abukauskas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (V.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Darius Kviklys
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (V.A.); (D.K.)
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research—NIBIO Ullensvang, Postboks Str. 11, NO-1431 Ås Lofthus, Norway
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15
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Butkeviciute A, Viskelis J, Liaudanskas M, Viskelis P, Janulis V. Impact of Storage Controlled Atmosphere on the Apple Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids, and Anthocyanins and Antioxidant Activity In Vitro. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11020201. [PMID: 35050089 PMCID: PMC8781301 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apples are seasonal fruits, and it is important to prepare them adequately for storage and ensure proper storage conditions. In this study, we used ten different apple cultivars: ‘Alva’, ‘Auksis’, ‘Connell Red’, ‘Cortland’, ‘Ligol’, ‘Lodel’, ‘Noris’, ‘Rubin’, ‘Sampion’, and ‘Spartan’. We studied the qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds in the apple and apple extracts antioxidants activity before placing them in the controlled atmosphere chambers and again at the end of the experiment, eight months later. Different concentrations of O2, CO2, and N2, constant temperature, relative humidity, and removal of endogenous ethylene were continually maintained. HPLC analysis showed that the highest amount of 2265.7 ± 152.5 µg/g of chlorogenic acid was found in apple samples of the ‘Auksis’ cultivar stored under variant IV conditions. Different concentrations of gas in the controlled atmosphere chambers caused changes in antioxidant activity in whole apple and apple peel extracts. In our study, we found that the antioxidant activity of apple extracts varied between samples of different apple cultivars and depended on the composition of the controlled atmosphere. Determining the optimal storage conditions is beneficial to providing the consumers with apples that have a known and minimally altered chemical composition of phenolic compounds and the strongest antioxidant activity, which determine the use of apples in the healthy food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurita Butkeviciute
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +37-037-621-56190
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Technology, Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
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Yan Y, Pico J, Sun B, Pratap-Singh A, Gerbrandt E, Diego Castellarin S. Phenolic profiles and their responses to pre- and post-harvest factors in small fruits: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-28. [PMID: 34766521 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1990849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of small fruits has increased in recent years. Besides their appealing flavor, the commercial success of small fruits has been partially attributed to their high contents of phenolic compounds with multiple health benefits. The phenolic profiles and contents in small fruits vary based on the genetic background, climate, growing conditions, and post-harvest handling techniques. In this review, we critically compare the profiles and contents of phenolics such as anthocyanins, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acids that have been reported in bilberries, blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, black and red currants, raspberries, and strawberries during fruit development and post-harvest storage. This review offers researchers and breeders a general guideline for the improvement of phenolic composition in small fruits while considering the critical factors that affect berry phenolics from cultivation to harvest and to final consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yan
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joana Pico
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bohan Sun
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anubhav Pratap-Singh
- Food, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Land & Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric Gerbrandt
- British Columbia Blueberry Council, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada
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Deng H, Zhu J, Tong Y, Kong Y, Tan C, Wang M, Wan M, Meng X. Antibacterial characteristics and mechanisms of action of Aronia melanocarpa anthocyanins against Escherichia coli. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Tang Q, Chi FM, Liu HD, Zhang HJ, Song Y. Single-Molecule Real-Time and Illumina Sequencing to Analyze Transcriptional Regulation of Flavonoid Synthesis in Blueberry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:754325. [PMID: 34659323 PMCID: PMC8514788 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.754325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) contain large amounts of flavonoids, which play important roles in the plant's ability to resist stress and can also have beneficial effects on human health when the fruits are eaten. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate flavonoid synthesis in blueberries are still unclear. In this study, we combined two different transcriptome sequencing platforms, single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and Illumina sequencing, to elucidate the flavonoid synthetic pathways in blueberries. We analyzed transcript quantity, length, and the number of annotated genes. We mined genes associated with flavonoid synthesis (such as anthocyanins, flavonols, and proanthocyanidins) and employed fluorescence quantitative PCR to analyze the expression of these genes and their correlation with flavonoid synthesis. We discovered one R2R3 MYB transcription factor from the sequencing library, VcMYB1, that can positively regulate anthocyanin synthesis in blueberries. VcMYB1 is mainly expressed in colored (mature) fruits. Experiments showed that overexpression and transient expression of VcMYB1 promoted anthocyanin synthesis in Arabidopsis, tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) plants and green blueberry fruits. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and transient expression experiments showed that VcMYB1 binds to the MYB binding site on the promoter of the structural gene for anthocyanin synthesis, VcMYB1 to positively regulate the transcription of VcDFR, thereby promoting anthocyanin synthesis. We also performed an in-depth investigation of transcriptional regulation of anthocyanin synthesis. This study provides background information and data for studying the synthetic pathways of flavonoids and other secondary metabolites in blueberries.
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Xue H, Tan J, Li Q, Cai X, Tang J. Optimization ultrasound‐assisted extraction of anthocyanins from cranberry using response surface methodology coupled with genetic algorithm and identification anthocyanins with HPLC‐MS
2. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging Ministry of Education Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Beijing China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging Ministry of Education Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Xu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging Ministry of Education Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Jintian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging Ministry of Education Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China
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da Silva DT, Smaniotto FA, Costa IF, Baranzelli J, Muller A, Somacal S, Monteiro CS, Vizzotto M, Rodrigues E, Barcia MT, Emanuelli T. Natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES): A strategy to improve the bioavailability of blueberry phenolic compounds in a ready-to-use extract. Food Chem 2021; 364:130370. [PMID: 34182361 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether a ready-to-use extract obtained using a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) affects the pharmacokinetic profile of blueberry phenolic compounds compared to organic solvent (SORG)-extracted compounds. SORG extract was administered as an aqueous solution after solvent removal. Wistar rats received a single dose of crude extract of blueberry obtained using NADES (CE-NADES) or SORG (CE-SORG), followed by LC-DAD-MS/MS analysis of blood and cecal feces. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that CE-NADES increased the bioavailability of anthocyanins by 140% compared to CE-SORG. CE-NADES increased the stability of phenolic compounds during in vitro digestion by delaying gastric chyme neutralization. These results suggest that besides being an eco-friendly solvent for the extraction of phytochemicals, choline chloride:glycerol:citric acid-based NADES can be used as a ready-to-use vehicle for increasing oral absorption of bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariane Trivisiol da Silva
- Post Graduate Program on Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciele Aline Smaniotto
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabella Ferreira Costa
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Baranzelli
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Muller
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Somacal
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Sant'Anna Monteiro
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vizzotto
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Clima Temperado, 96010-971 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliseu Rodrigues
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milene Teixeira Barcia
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development, Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Piechowiak T, Skóra B, Grzelak-Błaszczyk K, Sójka M. Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Blueberry Fruit Waste and Evaluation of Their In Vitro Biological Activity in Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT). FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the biological properties of an extract obtained from the waste of blueberry fruit. The study covered the optimization of extraction of antioxidants from blueberry pomace and the determination of antioxidant properties of the extract using HaCaT as the model organism. Research showed that the yield of antioxidants extraction from blueberry waste was dependent on the applied extraction conditions. Based on the mathematical models, the optimal conditions of extraction process in which the maximum quantity of antioxidant compounds is achieved from the waste mass unit, i.e., the relation of the waste mass to the volume of ethanol equal to 1:17.36, and process time equal to 1000 s. The obtained extract was characterized by high antioxidant activity, which was shaped by high content of polyphenols, mainly anthocyanins. Moreover, the extract showed a high ability to protect HaCaT cells from the occurrence of oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Cells treated with the extract and H2O2 generated a lower amount of ROS than cells treated with H2O2 only. The obtained results will be base of further studies on applying the extract in production of diet supplements and functional foods with increased antioxidant activity. Moreover, the main research material is blueberry pomace which is a troublesome waste material for juice producers. Consequently, according to a sustainable development idea, the study results will provide an opportunity to increase interest in the problem of rational use of the waste material to a certain extent.
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Natural deep eutectic solvent enhanced pulse-ultrasonication assisted extraction as a multi-stability protective and efficient green strategy to extract anthocyanin from blueberry pomace. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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23
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Xue H, Tan J, Fan L, Li Q, Cai X. Optimization microwave‐assisted extraction of anthocyanins from cranberry using response surface methodology coupled with genetic algorithm and kinetics model analysis. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Department of Engineering Physics Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Beijing China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Graduate College Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Department of Engineering Physics Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Xu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Department of Engineering Physics Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University Beijing China
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Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Anthocyanins from Blueberry Wine Residues: Optimization, Identification, and HepG2 Antitumor Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225456. [PMID: 33233829 PMCID: PMC7699922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Blueberry wine residues produced during the wine-brewing process contain abundant anthocyanins and other bioactive compounds. To extract anthocyanins from blueberry wine residues more efficiently, a novel procedure of ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (UADESE) was proposed in this work. The extraction process was optimized by response surface methodology coupled with genetic algorithm. The optimum extraction parameters to achieve the highest yield of anthocyanins (9.32 ± 0.08 mg/g) from blueberry wine residues by UADESE were obtained at water content of 29%, ultrasonic power of 380 W, extraction temperature of 55 °C, and extraction time of 40 min. The AB-8 macroporous resin combined with Sephadex LH-20 techniques was used to purify the crude extract (CE) obtained under optimum extraction conditions and analyze the anthocyanins composition by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The cyanidin-3-rutinoside with purity of 92.81% was obtained. The HepG2 antitumor activity of CE was better than that of the purified anthocyanins component. Moreover, CE could increase the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and the apoptosis, and arrest HepG2 cells in the S phases. These findings provided an effective and feasible method for anthocyanins extraction, and reduced the environmental burden of this waste.
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25
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Ferreira LF, Minuzzi NM, Rodrigues RF, Pauletto R, Rodrigues E, Emanuelli T, Bochi VC. Citric acid water-based solution for blueberry bagasse anthocyanins recovery: Optimization and comparisons with microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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26
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Tan J, Li Q, Xue H, Tang J. Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction of anthocyanins from grape skins: optimization, identification, and antitumor activity. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3731-3744. [PMID: 33078395 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Grape skins produced during the grape juice production and processing contain abundant anthocyanins and other active compounds. Consequently, this study optimized the extraction conditions for ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) of anthocyanins from grape skins via response surface methodology coupled with genetic algorithm. The optimum extraction parameters to achieve the highest anthocyanins yield (3.01 ± 0.04) mg/g from grape skins by UAEE were obtained under an extraction temperature of 50 °C, ultrasonic power of 400 W, pectinase dosage of 0.16%, and extraction time of 28 min. The AB-8 macroporous resin combined Sephadex LH-20 techniques were further employed to purify the anthocyanins extracts obtained under optimum extraction conditions (AEOEC), and the main anthocyanins were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The purified anthocyanins contained two anthocyanins in terms of delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside with purity of 91.35% and 92.64%, respectively. Ultimately, we further evaluated the antitumor activity of AEOEC and two purified anthocyanins on breast cancer. The results indicated that the antitumor effect of AEOEC on breast cancer MCF-7 cells was better than that of two purified anthocyanins. In addition, AEOEC could memorably increase intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, and arrest MCF-7 cells in the G2/M phases. The findings provide an effective and feasible method for anthocyanins extraction and reduce the environmental burden of this waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Tan
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, No. 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongkun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, No. 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jintian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, No. 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
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Becker Pertuzatti P, Teixeira Barcia M, Gómez-Alonso S, Teixeira Godoy H, Hermosin-Gutierrez I. Phenolics profiling by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS n aided by principal component analysis to classify Rabbiteye and Highbush blueberries. Food Chem 2020; 340:127958. [PMID: 32916406 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although blueberries are widely studied, little information exists on their composition and content of flavonol glycosides. Most studies identify only a few flavonols in blueberries due to separation and identification issues. In the present study, we identified 44 flavonols and chlorogenic acid in 30 samples of Highbush and Rabbiteye blueberry, using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. Highbush group fruits presented mainly quercetin-3-galactoside in their composition, while Rabbiteye group fruits exhibited higher levels of quercetin-3-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-glucuronide. Among the identified flavonols, 8 acylates (acetyl and hydroxymethylglutaroyl) were found, of which quercetin-3-O-[4″-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl)]-α-rhamnoside was found for the first time in blueberries. This compound is exclusive to the cultivars Florida and Powderblue, where it is present in high quantities. Glucuronides of syringetin and laricitrin, and rhamnosyl-galactosides of myricetin, quercetin and isorhamnetin were also found for the first time in blueberries. The Principal Component Analysis showed that blueberry groups can be distinguished based on their phenolic compound profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Becker Pertuzatti
- Department of Food Science, Food Engineering Faculty, State University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil; Department of Food Engineering, Institute of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenida Valdon Varjão 6.390, 78600-000 Barra do Garças, Brazil.
| | - Milene Teixeira Barcia
- Department of Food Science, Food Engineering Faculty, State University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil; Department of Food Science and Technology, Rural Sciences Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria, Rua Roraima s/n, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Gómez-Alonso
- Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research, Castilla-La Mancha University, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Helena Teixeira Godoy
- Department of Food Science, Food Engineering Faculty, State University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Isidro Hermosin-Gutierrez
- Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research, Castilla-La Mancha University, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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28
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Backes E, Leichtweis MG, Pereira C, Carocho M, Barreira JCM, Kamal Genena A, José Baraldi I, Filomena Barreiro M, Barros L, C F R Ferreira I. Ficus carica L. and Prunus spinosa L. extracts as new anthocyanin-based food colorants: A thorough study in confectionery products. Food Chem 2020; 333:127457. [PMID: 32659665 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes the evaluation of fig peels and blackthorn fruit extracts as natural purple colorants in doughnuts (icing) and in a typical Brazilian pastry called "beijinho". The extracts were screened for their antioxidant activity as well as their antibacterial capacity. Nutritionally, the employed extracts did not induce significant changes, contrarily to the observed for the rheological features, mainly the darker purple tone observed when blackthorn extract was used in the icing solution. After 24 h, both prepared formulations showed a decrease in color intensity, with no significant differences between fig and blackthorn extracts. In turn, the firmness and consistency of the doughnuts benefited from using natural colorants in the icing solution, while "beijinhos" became softer and chewier, which are valued attributes. A significant increase in the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was also observed for both natural extracts. Accordingly, the evaluated extracts are promising candidates as natural food colorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanueli Backes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria G Leichtweis
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Marcio Carocho
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - João C M Barreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Aziza Kamal Genena
- Departamento Acadêmico de Alimentos (DAALM), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Medianeira, 85884-000 Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ilton José Baraldi
- Departamento Acadêmico de Alimentos (DAALM), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Medianeira, 85884-000 Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Filomena Barreiro
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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29
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Anthocyanins in Blueberries Grown in Hot Climate Exert Strong Antioxidant Activity and May Be Effective against Urinary Tract Bacteria. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060478. [PMID: 32498420 PMCID: PMC7346222 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are extensively studied for their health-related properties, including antibacterial activity against urinary tract infections (UTI). Among common fruits, blueberries, with their remarkable antioxidant capacity, are one of the richest sources. Anthocyanin-rich extracts were obtained from four varieties: Snowchaser, Star, Stella Blue and Cristina Blue, grown in the hot climate of Southern Spain. Their total anthocyanins contents (TAC) were determined spectrophotometrically, and the anthocyanin profile by ultra high performance liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS/MS). Their antioxidant activity was assessed by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, while antibacterial activity against strains isolated from UTI patients was assessed in vitro, helping to select the varieties with the highest bioactive potential. Star showed the highest TAC and antioxidant activity (1663 ± 159 mg of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (cy-3-O-glu) equivalents/100 g fresh weight (FW), 6345 ± 601 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE)/100 g FW, respectively), followed by Cristina Blue, Stella Blue and Snowchaser. As far as we know, this is the first time that cyanidin-3-rutinoside has been identified in blueberries. The extracts inhibited all the tested strains, MICs ranging from 0.4 mg/mL (for Stella Blue extract against UTI P. aeruginosa) to 9.5 mg/mL (for all extracts against UTI K. pneumoniae ssp. pneumoniae). This is the first study that assessed in vitro the antibacterial activity of blueberries against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia stuartii and Micrococcus spp. strains isolated from UTI.
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30
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Natural deep eutectic solvents as a biocompatible tool for the extraction of blueberry anthocyanins. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhou L, Xie M, Yang F, Liu J. Antioxidant activity of high purity blueberry anthocyanins and the effects on human intestinal microbiota. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hu W, Gong H, Li L, Chen S, Ye X. Ultrasound Treatment on Stability of Total and Individual Anthocyanin Extraction from Blueberry Pomace: Optimization and Comparison. Molecules 2019; 24:E2621. [PMID: 31323861 PMCID: PMC6680923 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blueberry pomace is abundant in anthocyanins. This work characterized the anthocyanins in blueberry pomace, discussed the stability of anthocyanins under ultrasound treatment, and compared the extraction conditions for different anthocyanin compositions. Thirteen anthocyanins were identified, and malvidin-3-galactoside (18.56%), which represented the most abundant anthocyanin, was selected as the individual analyte. The general linear model univariate analysis revealed that ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) resulted in higher recoveries of both total anthocyanins (TA) and individual anthocyanins (IA) when compared with conventional solvent extraction. The optimized extraction conditions for TA and IA were UAE in pure methanol (12.49 mg/g dry weight) at 25 °C for 30 min and UAE in 70% ethanol (3.57 mg/g dry weight) at 40 °C for 40 min, respectively. Moreover, IA was more vulnerable to degradation compared with TA. Therefore, a specific extraction process of IA is significant for monomer preparation, and harsh conditions should be avoided in UAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lanqi Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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da Silva LP, Pereira E, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J, Pires TCSP, Alves MJ, Calhelha R, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Rubus ulmifolius Schott as a Novel Source of Food Colorant: Extraction Optimization of Coloring Pigments and Incorporation in a Bakery Product. Molecules 2019; 24:E2181. [PMID: 31185684 PMCID: PMC6600145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Color has been considered to be the flashiest attribute of foodstuffs and researchers have shown a great interest in the extraction of pigmented compounds from vegetal products, with the purpose to provide alternative counterparts to the food industry; (2) Methods: This study aimed to explore Rubus ulmifolius Schott fruits as a potential source of anthocyanins, optimizing the extraction method, evaluating the bioactivity and incorporating the rich extract into a bakery food product; (3) Results: After the extraction optimization, results showed R. ulmifolius fruits to be a great source of anthocyanins, obtaining an amount of 33.58 mg AT/g E, with an extraction yield of 62.08%. The rich anthocyanin extract showed antitumor and antimicrobial potential in some tumor cell lines and strains, respectively, as well as the absence of toxicity; (4) Conclusions: The extract when incorporated in a bakery product showed a good coloring capacity, maintaining the nutritional value, revealing its use to be a great approach for replacing artificial colorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Primo da Silva
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Eliana Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Tânia C S P Pires
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Maria José Alves
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Xue H, Shen L, Wang X, Liu C, Liu C, Liu H, Zheng X. Isolation and Purification of Anthocyanin from Blueberry Using Macroporous Resin Combined Sephadex LH-20 Techniques. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.25.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Liuyang Shen
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Chenghai Liu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Chai Liu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Han Liu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Xianzhe Zheng
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
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Silva S, Costa EM, Veiga M, Morais RM, Calhau C, Pintado M. Health promoting properties of blueberries: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:181-200. [PMID: 30373383 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1518895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With the strengthening of the link between diet and health, several foodstuffs have emerged as possessing potential health benefits such as phenolic rich fruits and vegetables. Blueberries, along with other berries, given their flavonoid and antioxidant content have long since been considered as a particularly interesting health promoting fruit. Therefore, the present work aimed to compile the existing evidences regarding the various potential benefits of blueberry and blueberry based products consumption, giving particular relevance to in vivo works and epidemiological studies whenever available. Overall, the results demonstrate that, while the evidences that support a beneficial role of blueberry and blueberry extracts consumption, further human based studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Silva
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo M Costa
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Veiga
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui M Morais
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,CINTESIS, Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Costa DV, Almeida DP, Pintado M. Effect of postharvest application of ethylene on the profile of phenolic acids and anthocyanins in three blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium corymbosum). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5052-5061. [PMID: 29603745 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blueberry is a fruit that has been studied extensively for its health benefits, mainly due to its high antioxidant activity. There is a strong correlation between antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin and phenolic compound content. Postharvest treatment using ethylene may be a factor affecting the anthocyanin content. The objective of this work was to analyze postharvest treatment using ethylene on the anthocyanin profile during the storage of blueberries and phytochemical composition of 'Bluecrop', 'Goldtraube,' and 'Ozarkblue.' Fruits were harvested at commercial maturity; the treatment was carried out with 1000 µL L-1 of ethylene for 24 h followed by storage at 4 °C under normal atmosphere for 56 days. RESULTS One day after treatment with ethylene, this increased the proportion of seven (more than 45%) and four (more than 65%) of the nine anthocyanins identified in the Bluecrop and Goldtraube cultivars respectively, and decreased five of the seven anthocyanins identified in 'Ozarkblue'. For 'Bluecrop,' however, this increase reduced until the end of storage but in 'Goldtraube' seven anthocyanins had increased. CONCLUSION The effect of ethylene on anthocyanin composition of blueberries appeared to depend on the cultivar. 'Bluecrop' and 'Goldtraube' responded positively with an increase in total anthocyanins. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vta Costa
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Porto, Portugal
- Escola Superior Agrária de Viseu, Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | | | - Manuela Pintado
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Porto, Portugal
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Effect of temperature and pH on stability of anthocyanin obtained from blueberry. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9789-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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A comparative transcriptome analysis of a wild purple potato and its red mutant provides insight into the mechanism of anthocyanin transformation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191406. [PMID: 29360842 PMCID: PMC5779664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a red mutant was obtained through in vitro regeneration of a wild purple potato. High-performance liquid chromatography and Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and petunidin-3-O-glucoside were main anthocyanins in the mutant and wild type tubers, respectively. In order to thoroughly understand the mechanism of anthocyanin transformation in two materials, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the mutant and wild type was carried out through high-throughput RNA sequencing, and 295 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained. Real-time qRT-PCR validation of DEGs was consistent with the transcriptome date. The DEGs mainly influenced biological and metabolic pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and translation, and biosynthesis of flavone and flavonol. In anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, the analysis of structural genes expressions showed that three genes, one encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, one encoding 4-coumarate-CoA ligase and one encoding flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylasem were significantly down-regulated in the mutant; one gene encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase was significantly up-regulated. Moreover, the transcription factors, such as bZIP family, MYB family, LOB family, MADS family, zf-HD family and C2H2 family, were significantly regulated in anthocyanin transformation. Response proteins of hormone, such as gibberellin, abscisic acid and brassinosteroid, were also significantly regulated in anthocyanin transformation. The information contributes to discovering the candidate genes in anthocyanin transformation, which can serve as a comprehensive resource for molecular mechanism research of anthocyanin transformation in potatoes.
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Tang C, Xie B, Sun Z. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of B-type oligomeric procyanidins from lotus seedpod on enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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40
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Comparison and screening of bioactive phenolic compounds in different blueberry cultivars: Evaluation of anti-oxidation and α-glucosidase inhibition effect. Food Res Int 2017; 100:312-324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Liu S, Wu C, Fan G, Li T, Ying R, Miao Y. Effects of yeast strain on anthocyanin, color, and antioxidant activity of mulberry wines. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Caie Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Gongjian Fan
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Ruifeng Ying
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Yun Miao
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
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