1
|
Liu J, Li J, Chen P, Zeng Y, Yang J, Sun Y. Efficient production of isomaltulose using engineered Yarrowia lipolytica strain facilitated by non-yeast signal peptide-mediated cell surface display. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5999-6007. [PMID: 38436580 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isomaltulose is a 'generally recognized as safe' ingredient and is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The exploration and development of efficient technologies is essential for enhancing isomaltulose yield. RESULTS In the present study, a simple and efficient surface display platform mediated by a non-yeast signal peptide was developed in Yarrowia lipolytica and utilized to efficiently produce isomaltulose from sucrose. We discovered that the signal peptide SP1 of sucrose isomerase from Pantoea dispersa UQ68J (PdSI) could guide SIs anchoring to the cell surface of Y. lipolytica, demonstrating a novel and simple cell surface display strategy. Furthermore, the PdSI expression level was significantly increased through optimizing the promoters and multi-site integrating genes into chromosome. The final strain gained 451.7 g L-1 isomaltulose with a conversion rate of 90.3% and a space-time yield of 50.2 g L-1 h-1. CONCLUSION The present study provides an efficient way for manufacturing isomaltulose with a high space-time yield. This heterogenous signal peptide-mediated cell surface display strategy featured with small fusion tag (approximately 2.2 kDa of SP1), absence of enzyme leakage in fermentation broth and ample room for optimization, providing a convenient way to construct whole-cell biocatalysts to synthesize other products and broadening the array of molecular toolboxes accessible for engineering Y. lipolytica. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiangang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanxia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jing W, Hou F, Wu X, Zheng M, Zheng Y, Lu F, Liu F. A Critical Review on Immobilized Sucrose Isomerase and Cells for Producing Isomaltulose. Foods 2024; 13:1228. [PMID: 38672899 PMCID: PMC11048954 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Isomaltulose is a novel sweetener and is considered healthier than the common sugars, such as sucrose or glucose. It has been internationally recognized as a safe food product and holds vast potential in pharmaceutical and food industries. Sucrose isomerase is commonly used to produce isomaltulose from the substrate sucrose in vitro and in vivo. However, free cells/enzymes were often mixed with the product, making recycling difficult and leading to a significant increase in production costs. Immobilized cells/enzymes have the following advantages including easy separation from products, high stability, and reusability, which can significantly reduce production costs. They are more suitable than free ones for industrial production. Recently, immobilized cells/enzymes have been encapsulated using composite materials to enhance their mechanical strength and reusability and reduce leakage. This review summarizes the advancements made in immobilized cells/enzymes for isomaltulose production in terms of refining traditional approaches and innovating in materials and methods. Moreover, innovations in immobilized enzyme methods include cross-linked enzyme aggregates, nanoflowers, inclusion bodies, and directed affinity immobilization. Material innovations involve nanomaterials, graphene oxide, and so on. These innovations circumvent challenges like the utilization of toxic cross-linking agents and enzyme leakage encountered in traditional methods, thus contributing to enhanced enzyme stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fufeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (W.J.); (F.H.); (X.W.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang S, Cao Z, Fan P, Sun W, Xiao Y, Zhang P, Wang Y, Huang S. Discrimination of Disaccharide Isomers of Different Glycosidic Linkages Using a Modified MspA Nanopore. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316766. [PMID: 38116834 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Disaccharides are composed of two monosaccharide subunits joined by a glycosidic linkage in an α or β configuration. Different combinations of isomeric monosaccharide subunits and different glycosidic linkages result in different isomeric disaccharide products. Thus, direct discrimination of these disaccharide isomers from a mixture is extremely difficult. In this paper, a hetero-octameric Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A (MspA) nanopore conjugated with a phenylboronic acid (PBA) adapter was applied for disaccharide sensing, with which three most widely known disaccharides in nature, including sucrose, lactose and maltose, were clearly discriminated. Besides, all six isomeric α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructoses, differing only in their glycosidic linkages, were also well resolved. Assisted by a custom machine learning algorithm, a 0.99 discrimination accuracy is achieved. Nanopore discrimination of disaccharide isomers with different glycosidic linkages, which has never been previously demonstrated, is inspiring for nanopore saccharide sequencing. This sensing capacity was also applied in direct identification of isomaltulose additives in a commercial sucrose-free yogurt, from which isomaltulose, lactose and L-lactic acid were simultaneously detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhenyuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Pingping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunqi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Panke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Institute for the Environment and Health, Nanjing University Suzhou Campus, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sardiña-Peña AJ, Ballinas-Casarrubias L, Siqueiros-Cendón TS, Espinoza-Sánchez EA, Flores-Holguín NR, Iglesias-Figueroa BF, Rascón-Cruz Q. Thermostability improvement of sucrose isomerase PalI NX-5: a comprehensive strategy. Biotechnol Lett 2023:10.1007/s10529-023-03388-6. [PMID: 37199887 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To increase the thermal stability of sucrose isomerase from Erwinia rhapontici NX-5, we designed a comprehensive strategy that combines different thermostabilizing elements. RESULTS We identified 19 high B value amino acid residues for site-directed mutagenesis. An in silico evaluation of the influence of post-translational modifications on the thermostability was also carried out. The sucrose isomerase variants were expressed in Pichia pastoris X33. Thus, for the first time, we report the expression and characterization of glycosylated sucrose isomerases. The designed mutants K174Q, L202E and K174Q/L202E, showed an increase in their optimal temperature of 5 °C, while their half-lives increased 2.21, 1.73 and 2.89 times, respectively. The mutants showed an increase in activity of 20.3% up to 25.3%. The Km values for the K174Q, L202E, and K174Q/L202E mutants decreased by 5.1%, 7.9%, and 9.4%, respectively; furthermore, the catalytic efficiency increased by up to 16%. CONCLUSIONS With the comprehensive strategy followed, we successfully obtain engineered mutants more suitable for industrial applications than their counterparts: native (this research) and wild-type from E. rhapontici NX-5, without compromising the catalytic activity of the molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Sardiña-Peña
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitarios s/n Nuevo Campus Universitario, C. P. 31125, Chihuahua, México
| | - L Ballinas-Casarrubias
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica III, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitarios s/n Nuevo Campus Universitario, C. P. 31125, Chihuahua, México
| | - T S Siqueiros-Cendón
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitarios s/n Nuevo Campus Universitario, C. P. 31125, Chihuahua, México
| | - E A Espinoza-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitarios s/n Nuevo Campus Universitario, C. P. 31125, Chihuahua, México
| | - N R Flores-Holguín
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, México
| | - B F Iglesias-Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitarios s/n Nuevo Campus Universitario, C. P. 31125, Chihuahua, México
| | - Q Rascón-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitarios s/n Nuevo Campus Universitario, C. P. 31125, Chihuahua, México.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu Y, Ji L, Xu S, Bilal M, Ehrenreich A, Deng Z, Cheng H. Membrane-bound sorbitol dehydrogenase is responsible for the unique oxidation of D-galactitol to L-xylo-3-hexulose and D-tagatose in Gluconobacter oxydans. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130289. [PMID: 36503080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gluconobacter oxydans, is used in biotechnology because of its ability to oxidize a wide variety of carbohydrates, alcohols, and polyols in a stereo- and regio-selective manner by membrane-bound dehydrogenases located in periplasmic space. These reactions obey the well-known Bertrand-Hudson's rule. In our previous study (BBA-General Subjects, 2021, 1865:129740), we discovered that Gluconobacter species, including G. oxydans and G. cerinus strain can regio-selectively oxidize the C-3 and C-5 hydroxyl groups of D-galactitol to rare sugars D-tagatose and L-xylo-3-hexulose, which represents an exception to Bertrand Hudson's rule. The enzyme catalyzing this reaction is located in periplasmic space or membrane-bound and is PQQ (pyrroloquinoline quinine) and Ca2+-dependent; we were encouraged to determine which type of enzyme(s) catalyze this unique reaction. METHODS Enzyme was identified by complementation of multi-deletion strain of Gluconobacter oxydans 621H with all putative membrane-bound dehydrogenase genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified this gene encoding the membrane-bound PQQ-dependent dehydrogenase that catalyzes the unique galactitol oxidation reaction in its 3'-OH and 5'-OH. Complement experiments in multi-deletion G. oxydans BP.9 strains established that the enzyme mSLDH (encoded by GOX0855-0854, sldB-sldA) is responsible for galactitol's unique oxidation reaction. Additionally, we demonstrated that the small subunit SldB of mSLDH was membrane-bound and served as an anchor protein by fusing it to a red fluorescent protein (mRubby), and heterologously expressed in E. coli and the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. The SldB subunit was required to maintain the holo-enzymatic activity that catalyzes the conversion of D-galactitol to L-xylo-3-hexulose and D-tagatose. The large subunit SldA encoded by GOX0854 was also characterized, and it was discovered that its 24 amino acids signal peptide is required for the dehydrogenation activity of the mSLDH protein. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In this study, the main membrane-bound polyol dehydrogenase mSLDH in G. oxydans 621H was proved to catalyze the unique galactitol oxidation, which represents an exception to the Bertrand Hudson's rule, and broadens its substrate ranges of mSLDH. Further deciphering the explicit enzymatic mechanism will prove this theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60695 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Armin Ehrenreich
- Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Strasse, Freising, Germany.
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hairong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Enhanced Extracellular Production and Characterization of Sucrose Isomerase in Bacillus subtilis with Optimized Signal Peptides. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162468. [PMID: 36010467 PMCID: PMC9407248 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose isomerase (SIase) catalyzes the hydrolysis and isomerization of sucrose into isomaltulose, which is an important functional sugar widely used in the food industry. However, the lack of safe and efficient expression systems for recombinant SIase has impeded its production and application. In this study, enhanced expression of a SIase from Klebsiella sp. LX3 (referred to as KsLX3-SIase) was achieved in Bacillus subtilis WB800N, by optimizing the signal peptides. First, 13 candidate signal peptides were selected using a semi-rational approach, and their effects on KsLX3-SIase secretion were compared. The signal peptide WapA was most efficient in directing the secretion of KsLX3-SIase into the culture medium, producing a specific activity of 23.0 U/mL, as demonstrated by shake flask culture. Using a fed-batch strategy, the activity of KsLX3-SIase in the culture medium was increased to 125.0 U/mL in a 5-L fermentor. Finally, the expressed KsLX3-SIase was purified and was found to have maximum activity at 45 °C and pH 5.5. Its Km for sucrose was 267.6 ± 18.6 mmol/L, and its kcat/Km was 10.1 ± 0.2 s−1mM−1. These findings demonstrated an efficient expression of SIase in B. subtilis, and this is thought to be the highest level of SIase produced in a food-grade bacteria to date.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu M, Liu F, Wang Z, Shao M, Xu M, Yang T, Zhang R, Zhang X, Rao Z. Sustainable isomaltulose production in Corynebacterium glutamicum by engineering the thermostability of sucrose isomerase coupled with one-step simplified cell immobilization. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:979079. [PMID: 36033839 PMCID: PMC9399683 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.979079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose isomerase (SI), catalyzing sucrose to isomaltulose, has been widely used in isomaltulose production, but its poor thermostability is still resisted in sustainable batches production. Here, protein engineering and one-step immobilized cell strategy were simultaneously coupled to maintain steady state for long-term operational stabilities. First, rational design of Pantoea dispersa SI (PdSI) for improving its thermostability by predicting and substituting the unstable amino acid residues was investigated using computational analysis. After screening mutagenesis library, two single mutants (PdSIV280L and PdSIS499F) displayed favorable characteristics on thermostability, and further study found that the double mutant PdSIV280L/S499F could stabilize PdSIWT better. Compared with PdSIWT, PdSIV280L/S499F displayed a 3.2°C-higher T m , and showed a ninefold prolonged half-life at 45°C. Subsequently, a one-step simplified immobilization method was developed for encapsulation of PdSIV280L/S499F in food-grade Corynebacterium glutamicum cells to further enhance the recyclability of isomaltulose production. Recombinant cells expressing combinatorial mutant (RCSI2) were successfully immobilized in 2.5% sodium alginate without prior permeabilization. The immobilized RCSI2 showed that the maximum yield of isomaltulose by batch conversion reached to 453.0 g/L isomaltulose with a productivity of 41.2 g/l/h from 500.0 g/L sucrose solution, and the conversion rate remained 83.2% after 26 repeated batches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Isomaltulose: From origin to application and its beneficial properties – A bibliometric approach. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111061. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
9
|
Sequential optimization strategy for the immobilization of Erwinia sp. D12 cells and the production of isomaltulose with high stability and prebiotic potential. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:999-1009. [PMID: 35305152 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Isomaltulose is a potential substitute for sucrose, with a high stability and prebiotic potential, for wide use in candies and soft drinks. This sugar is obtained from sucrose through enzymatic conversion using microbial glucosyltransferases. This work aimed to optimize a matrix to immobilize glucosyltransferase producing Erwinia sp. D12 cells using a sequential experimental strategy. The cell mass of Erwinia sp. D12 obtained in a bioreactor was immobilized in beads formed by ionic gelation. The conversion of sucrose into isomaltulose using the beads was performed in batch and continuous processes, and the isomaltulose was recovered through crystallization. The stability of isomaltulose was assessed in beverages of different pH values, and its prebiotic potential was verified with the growth of probiotic microorganisms. The optimized matrix composed of alginate (2.0% w/v), CaCl2 (2.0% w/v), gelatin (2.0% w/v), and transglutaminase (0.2% w/v) showed the highest mean of produced isomaltulose (199.82 g/L) after four batches. In addition, high stability during the continuous process resulted in an isomaltulose production above of 230 g/L for up to 72 h. The produced isomaltulose was more stable than sucrose in lemon soft drink and orange and grape energy drinks after 30 days of storage; and promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus lactis. In conclusion, the production of isomaltulose by Erwinia sp. D12 cells immobilized using optimized conditions is recommended, due to its high conversion capacity, high stability, and prebiotic potential of crystals obtained.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang QQ, Yang M, Hao JH, Ma ZC. Direct Isomaltulose Synthesis From Beet Molasses by Immobilized Sucrose Isomerase. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:691547. [PMID: 34336804 PMCID: PMC8322766 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.691547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Isomaltulose is becoming a focus as a functional sweetener for sucrose substitutes; however, isomaltulose production using sucrose as the substrate is not economical. Low-cost feedstocks are needed for their production. In this study, beet molasses (BM) was introduced as the substrate to produce isomaltulose for the first time. Immobilized sucrose isomerase (SIase) was proved as the most efficient biocatalyst for isomaltulose synthesis from sulfuric acid (H2SO4) pretreated BM followed by centrifugation for the removal of insoluble matters and reducing viscosity. The effect of different factors on isomaltulose production is investigated. The isomaltulose still achieved a high concentration of 446.4 ± 5.5 g/L (purity of 85.8%) with a yield of 0.94 ± 0.02 g/g under the best conditions (800 g/L pretreated BM, 15 U immobilized SIase/g dosage, 40°C, pH of 5.5, and 10 h) in the eighth batch. Immobilized SIase used in repeated batch reaction showed good reusability to convert pretreated BM into isomaltulose since the sucrose conversion rate remained 97.5% in the same batch and even above 94% after 11 batches. Significant cost reduction of feedstock costs was also confirmed by economic analysis. The findings indicated that this two-step process to produce isomaltulose using low-cost BM and immobilized SIase is feasible. This process has the potential to be effective and promising for industrial production and application of isomaltulose as a functional sweetener for sucrose substitute.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Qing Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian-Hua Hao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zai-Chao Ma
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Su HH, Xu RY, Yang ZD, Guo YS, Gao JY, Mo LZ, Gao YF, Cheng H, Zhang PJ, Huang JS. Green synthesis of isomaltulose from cane molasses by an immobilized recombinant Escherichia coli strain and its prebiotic activity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
12
|
Abbasi AR, Liu J, Wang Z, Zhao A, Ying H, Qu L, Alam MA, Xiong W, Xu J, Lv Y. Recent Advances in Producing Sugar Alcohols and Functional Sugars by Engineering Yarrowia lipolytica. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:648382. [PMID: 33777917 PMCID: PMC7992007 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.648382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sugar alcohols and functional sugars have wide applications in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. However, the smaller quantities of natural occurring sugar alcohols and functional sugars restricted their applications. The enzymatic and whole-cell catalyst production is emerging as the predominant alternatives. The properties of Yarrowia lipolytica make it a promising sugar alcohol and functional sugar producer. However, there are still some issues to be resolved. As there exist reviews about the chemical structures, physicochemical properties, biological functions, applications, and biosynthesis of sugar alcohols and/or functional sugars in Y. lipolytica, this mini review will not only update the recent advances in enzymatic and microbial production of sugar alcohols (erythritol, D-threitol, and xylitol) and functional sugars (isomaltulose, trehalose, fructo-oligosaccharides, and galacto-oligosaccharides) by using recombinant Y. lipolytica but also focus on the studies of gene discovery, pathway engineering, expanding substrate scope, bioprocess engineering, and novel breeding methods to resolve the aforementioned issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinle Liu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Anqi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Md Asraful Alam
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Xiong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Tuoyang Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou University Industrial Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkun Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bilal M, Xu S, Iqbal HMN, Cheng H. Yarrowia lipolytica as an emerging biotechnological chassis for functional sugars biosynthesis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 61:535-552. [PMID: 32180435 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1739000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Functional sugars have unique structural and physiological characteristics with applied perspectives for modern biomedical and biotechnological sectors, such as biomedicine, pharmaceutical, cosmeceuticals, green chemistry, and agro-food. They can also be used as starting matrices to produce biologically active metabolites of interests. Though numerous chemical synthesis routes have been proposed and deployed for the synthesis of rare sugars, however, many of them are limited and economically incompetent because of expensive raw starting feedstocks. Whereas, the biosynthesis by enzymatic means are often associated with high catalyst costs and low space-time yields. Microbial production of rare sugars via green routes using bio-renewable resources offers noteworthy solutions to overcome the aforementioned limitations of synthetic and enzymatic synthesis routes. From the microbial-based synthesis perspective, the lipogenic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is rapidly evolving as the most prevalent and unique "non-model organism" in the bio-production arena. Due to high flux tendency through the tri-carboxylic acid cycle intermediates and precursors such as acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, this yeast has been widely investigated to meet the increasing demand of industrially relevant fine chemicals, including functional sugars. Incredible interest in Y. lipolytica originates from its robust tolerance to unstable pH, salt levels, and organic compounds, which subsequently enable easy bioprocess optimization. Meaningfully, GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status creates Y. lipolytica as an attractive and environmentally friendly microbial host for the manufacturing of nutraceuticals, fermented food, and dietary supplements. In this review, we highlight the recent and state-of-the-art research progress on Y. lipolytica as a host to synthesize bio-based compounds of interest beyond the realm of well-known fatty acid production. The unique physicochemical properties, biotechnological applications, and biosynthesis of an array of value-added functional sugars including erythritol, threitol, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides, isomaltulose, trehalose, erythrulose, xylitol, and mannitol using sustainable carbon sources are thoroughly vetted. Finally, we conclude with perspectives that would be helpful to engineer Y. lipolytica in greening the twenty-first century biomedical and biotechnological sectors of the modern world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Hairong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu L, Bilal M, Luo H, Zhao Y, Duan X. Studies on Biological Production of Isomaltulose Using Sucrose Isomerase: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
15
|
Zhang F, Cheng F, Jia DX, Gu YH, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG. Characterization of a recombinant sucrose isomerase and its application to enzymatic production of isomaltulose. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 43:261-269. [PMID: 32910357 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize a recombinant isomerase that can catalyze the isomerization of sucrose into isomaltulose and investigate its application for the enzymatic production of isomaltulose. RESULTS A sucrose isomerase gene from Erwinia sp. Ejp617 was synthesized and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The enzymatic characterization revealed that the optimal pH and temperature of the purified sucrose isomerase were 6.0 and 40 °C, respectively. The enzyme activity was slightly activated by Mn2+and Mg2+, but partially inhibited by Ca2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and EDTA. The kinetic parameters of Km and Vmax for sucrose were 69.28 mM and 118.87 U/mg, respectively. The time course showed that 240.9 g/L of isomaltulose was produced from 300 g/L of sucrose, and the yield reached 80.3% after bioreaction for 180 min. CONCLUSIONS This recombinant enzyme showed excellent capability for biotransforming sucrose to isomaltulose at the substrate concentration of 300 g/L. Further investigations should be carried out focusing on selection of suitable heterologous expression system with the aim to improve its expression level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Xu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Hao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China. .,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang road, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang JM, Wang CM, Men X, Yue TQ, Madzak C, Xiang XH, Xiang HY, Zhang HB. Construction of arming Yarrowia lipolytica surface-displaying soybean seed coat peroxidase for use as whole-cell biocatalyst. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 135:109498. [PMID: 32146931 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Whole-cell biocatalysts could be used in wide-ranging applications. In this study, a new kind of whole-cell biocatalyst was successfully constructed by genetically immobilizing soybean seed coat peroxidase (SBP) on the cell surface of Yarrowia lipolytica Po1h, using a new integrative surface display expression vector (pMIZY05). The coding sequence of SBP was optimized and chemically synthesized, then inserted into pMIZY05 to generate expression plasmid pMIZY05-oEp. A DNA fragment corresponding to SBP and selection marker expression cassettes, without bacterial sequences, was released from pMIZY05-oEp by enzyme digestion and used to transform host yeast cells. A transformant (CM11) with a high recombinant SBP activity of 1571.9 U/mL was obtained, and recombinant SBP was proved to be successfully anchored on cell surface by testing the activities of different cellular fractions. After optimization of culture conditions, the recombinant SBP activity of CM11 was increased to 4187.8 U/mL. Afterwards, biochemical properties of the recombinant SBP were determined: optimum catalytic conditions were 37.5℃ at pH 3.5, and recombinant SBP exhibited high stability during thermal or acidic treatment. Recombinant activity of cell-displayed SBP was re-examined at optimum temperature and pH, which promoted an increase up to 4432.5 U/mL. To our knowledge, this represents the highest activity ever reported for heterologous expression of SBP. This study also provides a useful strategy for heterologous expression of proteins which could be toxic to intracellular content of host cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 26601, China
| | - Chao-Ming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms / Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
| | - Xiao Men
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 26601, China
| | - Tong-Qin Yue
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Catherine Madzak
- UMR782 GMPA, INRA/AgroParisTech/Université Paris-Saclay, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Xiao-Hua Xiang
- Hainan Cigar Research Institute, Hainan Provincial Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Hai-Ying Xiang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming 650106, China.
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 26601, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Sucrose isomers as alternative sweeteners: properties, production, and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8677-8687. [PMID: 31587089 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the daily diet, sweeteners play an indispensable role. Among them, sucrose, a widely occurring disaccharide in nature, is a commonly used sweetener. However, the intake of sucrose can cause a rapid increase in blood glucose, which leads to a number of health problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for possible alternatives to sucrose. Currently, four naturally occurring sucrose isomers, trehalulose, turanose, leucrose, and isomaltulose are considered to be possible alternatives to sucrose due to their suitable sweetness, potential physiological benefits, and feasible production processes. This review covers the properties of these alternative sweeteners, including their structure, sweetness, hydrolysis rate, toxicology, and cariogenicity, and exhibits their potential applications in chronic diseases management, anti-inflammatory supplement, prebiotic dietary supplement, and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesis of these sucrose isomers using carbohydrate-active enzymes and their industrial production processes are also systematically summarized.
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang ZP, Zhang LL, Liu S, Liu XY, Yu XJ. Whole Conversion of Soybean Molasses into Isomaltulose and Ethanol by Combining Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Successive Selective Fermentations. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E353. [PMID: 31404957 PMCID: PMC6722743 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Isomaltulose is mainly produced from sucrose by microbial fermentation, when the utilization of sucrose contributes a high production cost. To achieve a low-cost isomaltulose production, soy molasses was introduced as an alternative substrate. Firstly, α-galactosidase gene from Rhizomucor miehei was expressed in Yarrowia lipolytica, which then showed a galactosidase activity of 121.6 U/mL. Under the effects of the recombinant α-galactosidase, most of the raffinose-family oligosaccharides in soy molasses were hydrolyzed into sucrose. Then the soy molasses hydrolysate with high sucrose content (22.04%, w/w) was supplemented into the medium, with an isomaltulose production of 209.4 g/L, and the yield of 0.95 g/g. Finally, by virtue of the bioremoval process using Pichia stipitis, sugar byproducts in broth were transformed into ethanol at the end of fermentation, thus resulting in high isomaltulose purity (97.8%). The bioprocess employed in this study provides a novel strategy for low-cost and efficient isomaltulose production from soybean molasses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266510, China
| | - Song Liu
- Development & Reform Bureau, West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
| | - Xin-Jun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu Y, Chi P, Bilal M, Cheng H. Biosynthetic strategies to produce xylitol: an economical venture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5143-5160. [PMID: 31101942 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Xylitol is a natural five-carbon sugar alcohol with potential for use in food and pharmaceutical industries owing to its insulin-independent metabolic regulation, tooth rehardening, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-inflammatory, as well as osteoporosis and ear infections preventing activities. Chemical and biosynthetic routes using D-xylose, glucose, or biomass hydrolysate as raw materials can produce xylitol. Among these methods, microbial production of xylitol has received significant attention due to its wide substrate availability, easy to operate, and eco-friendly nature, in contrast with high-energy consuming and environmental-polluting chemical method. Though great advances have been made in recent years for the biosynthesis of xylitol from xylose, glucose, and biomass hydrolysate, and the yield and productivity of xylitol are substantially improved by metabolic engineering and optimizing key metabolic pathway parameters, it is still far away from industrial-scale biosynthesis of xylitol. In contrary, the chemical synthesis of xylitol from xylose remains the dominant route. Economic and highly efficient xylitol biosynthetic strategies from an abundantly available raw material (i.e., glucose) by engineered microorganisms are on the hard way to forwarding. However, synthetic biology appears as a novel and promising approach to develop a super yeast strain for industrial production of xylitol from glucose. After a brief overview of chemical-based xylitol production, we critically analyzed and comprehensively summarized the major metabolic strategies used for the enhanced biosynthesis of xylitol in this review. Towards the end, the study is wrapped up with current challenges, concluding remarks, and future prospects for designing an industrial yeast strain for xylitol biosynthesis from glucose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ping Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China.
| | - Hairong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang ZP, Wang QQ, Liu S, Liu XF, Yu XJ, Jiang YL. Efficient Conversion of Cane Molasses Towards High-Purity Isomaltulose and Cellular Lipid Using an Engineered Yarrowia lipolytica Strain in Fed-Batch Fermentation. Molecules 2019; 24:E1228. [PMID: 30925836 PMCID: PMC6480463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
: Cane molasses is one of the main by-products of sugar refineries, which is rich in sucrose. In this work, low-cost cane molasses was introduced as an alternative substrate for isomaltulose production. Using the engineered Yarrowia lipolytica, the isomaltulose production reached the highest (102.6 g L-¹) at flask level with pretreated cane molasses of 350 g L-¹ and corn steep liquor of 1.0 g L-¹. During fed-batch fermentation, the maximal isomaltulose concentration (161.2 g L-¹) was achieved with 0.96 g g-¹ yield within 80 h. Simultaneously, monosaccharides were completely depleted, harvesting the high isomaltulose purity (97.4%) and high lipid level (12.2 g L-¹). Additionally, the lipids comprised of 94.29% C16 and C18 fatty acids, were proved suitable for biodiesel production. Therefore, the bioprocess employed using cane molasses in this study was low-cost and eco-friendly for high-purity isomaltulose production, coupling with valuable lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Qin-Qing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China.
| | - Song Liu
- Development & Reform Bureau, West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China.
| | - Xiao-Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Xin-Jun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Yun-Lin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cheng H, Wang S, Bilal M, Ge X, Zhang C, Fickers P, Cheng H. Identification, characterization of two NADPH-dependent erythrose reductases in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica and improvement of erythritol productivity using metabolic engineering. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:133. [PMID: 30157840 PMCID: PMC6114734 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythritol is a four-carbon sugar alcohol with sweetening properties that is used by the agro-food industry as a food additive. In the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, the last step of erythritol synthesis involves the reduction of erythrose by specific erythrose reductase(s). In the earlier report, an erythrose reductase gene (YALI0F18590g) from erythritol-producing yeast Y. lipolytica MK1 was identified (Janek et al. in Microb Cell Fact 16:118, 2017). However, deletion of the gene in Y. lipolytica MK1 only resulted in some lower erythritol production but the erythritol synthesis process was still maintained, indicating that other erythrose reductase gene(s) might exist in the genome of Y. lipolytica. RESULTS In this study, we have isolated genes g141.t1 (YALI0D07634g) and g3023.t1 (YALI0C13508g) encoding two novel erythrose reductases (ER). The biochemical characterization of the purified enzymes showed that they have a strong affinity for erythrose. Deletion of the two ER genes plus g801.t1 (YALI0F18590g) did not prevent erythritol synthesis, suggesting that other ER or ER-like enzymes remain to be discovered in this yeast. Overexpression of the newly isolated two genes (ER10 or ER25) led to an average 14.7% higher erythritol yield and 31.2% higher productivity compared to the wild-type strain. Finally, engineering NADPH cofactor metabolism by overexpression of genes ZWF1 and GND1 encoding glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, respectively, allowed a 23.5% higher erythritol yield and 50% higher productivity compared to the wild-type strain. The best of our constructed strains produced an erythritol titer of 190 g/L in baffled flasks using glucose as main carbon source. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight that in the Y. lipolytica genome several genes encode enzymes able to reduce erythrose into erythritol. The catalytic properties of these enzymes and their cofactor dependency are different from that of already known erythrose reductase of Y. lipolytica. Constitutive expression of the newly isolated genes and engineering of NADPH cofactor metabolism led to an increase in erythritol titer. Development of fermentation strategies will allow further improvement of this productivity in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Ge
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Can Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hairong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang S, Wang H, Lv J, Deng Z, Cheng H. Highly Efficient Erythritol Recovery from Waste Erythritol Mother Liquor by a Yeast-Mediated Biorefinery Process. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:11020-11028. [PMID: 29220176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Erythritol, a natural sugar alcohol, is produced industrially by fermentation and crystallization, but this process leaves a large amount of waste erythritol mother liquor (WEML) which contains more than 200 g/L erythritol as well as other polyol byproducts. These impurities make it very difficult to crystallize more erythritol. In our study, an efficient process for the recovery of erythritol from the WEML is described. The polyol impurities were first identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and a yeast strain Candida maltosa CGMCC 7323 was then isolated to metabolize those impurities to purify erythritol. Our results demonstrated that the process could remarkably improve the purity of erythritol and thus make the subsequent crystallization easier. This newly developed strategy is expected to have advantages in WEML treatment and provide helpful information with regard to green cell factories and zero-waste processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hengwei Wang
- Innovation and Application Institute (IAI), Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Jiyang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hairong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|