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Ghotbeddin Z, Peysokhan M, Dezfouli AM, Iraee MA. Nutritional Support of Crocin on Neurobehavioral Disabilities Induced by Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Rats. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:649-659. [PMID: 38010604 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug containing platinum, is considered a neurotoxic agent. On the other hand, crocin, the primary component of saffron, possesses neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. In this study, 28 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were used (6-7 weeks old). Rats were divided into a control group (Ctr), a crocin group (Cro), a cisplatin group (Cis), and a crocin with cisplatin group (Cro + Cis). Rotarod, open field, and shuttle box tests were performed to assess balance, explorative behavior, and avoidance memory. After behavioral testing, the hippocampus was extracted to analyze oxidative stress parameters such as GPx (glutathione peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), and MDA (malondialdehyde) activity. Shuttle box, rotarod, and open field results showed that crocin can substantially mitigate the deleterious effects of cisplatin on avoidance memory, explorative behavior, motor coordination, and balance. Crocin was also able to effectively avoid the negative effects of cisplatin on MDA, GPx, and CAT during the assessment of oxidative indicators, while the beneficial effect of crocin on cisplatin was not statistically significant in terms of SOD level. In conclusion, since free radicals produced by cisplatin are a contributing factor to memory loss and movement disorders, crocin, owing to its antioxidant properties, improved passive avoidance learning as well as motor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Ghotbeddin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Peysokhan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anahita Memar Dezfouli
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asadi Iraee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Chen BY, Liou JC, Wu JL, Chen CH, Yang SL. Photoreceptor and vision protective effects of astragaloside IV in mice model with light-evoked retinal damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Wu JL, Yang SL, Ho YC, Chen CH, Tasi BR, Lee MC, Chen BY. The Functional Vision Restorative Effect of Crocin via the BDNF-TrkB Pathway: An In Vivo Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091716. [PMID: 35565684 PMCID: PMC9100189 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal dislocation of cone opsin protein affects the sensitivity function of photoreceptors and results in depressed central vision. Nutraceutical therapy is needed to restore the residual function of photoreceptors. Crocin is a natural substance for retinal health. However, its effect on the restoration of functional vision and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully studied. This study analyzed the restorative effect of crocin on residual functional vision in vivo in a mouse model. High-energy light-evoked photoreceptor dysfunction was confirmed by M opsin dislocation in the retina accompanied by a loss of functional vision. Crocin treatment significantly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in retinas, thus contributing to the re-localization of the M opsin protein, restoration of the visual acuity (VA), and high spatial frequency-characterized visual contrast sensitivity function (VCSF). In contrast, such effects were significantly reversed after the washout period. Additionally, the restorative effect of crocin on functional vision and M opsin re-localization can be reversed and blocked by synchronous injection of a tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor antagonist (ANA-12). This study demonstrated the major functional vision-rescuing or restoring effect of crocin in vivo by modulating M opsin location plasticity and increasing the capacity of the residual photoreceptor function through the BDNF-TrkB receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lain Wu
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (B.-R.T.)
| | - Shih-Liang Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 40343, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chuan Ho
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Ko Da Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taoyuan 32459, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Rong Tasi
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (B.-R.T.)
| | - Meng-Chih Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Yie Chen
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-L.W.); (B.-R.T.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 12319); Fax: +886-4-2324-8131
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Protective Effect of a Water-Soluble Carotenoid-Rich Extract of Cordyceps militaris against Light-Evoked Functional Vision Deterioration in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081675. [PMID: 35458237 PMCID: PMC9031935 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-evoked retinal photodamage is considered an important factor contributing to functional vision deterioration and can even lead to light maculopathy or dry age-related macular degeneration. Loss of visual acuity (VA) and visual contrast sensitivity function (VCSF) are the major symptoms of retinal degenerative diseases. Cordyceps militaris is a carotenoid-rich Chinese medicinal fungus with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory functions. C. militaris extract is a natural substance, and its bioactive constituents have been shown to confer health benefits, but their application in retinal tissue and functional vision protection in vivo remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of water-soluble, carotenoid-rich C. militaris extracts on the visual performance of light-damaged mouse retinas in vivo, using adult female CD-1® (ICR) albino mice. We showed that oral administration of this C. militaris extract (10 mg/kg, twice daily) protected the neural retina tissue against light-evoked photoreceptor cell death, reduced Müller cell hypertrophic gliosis, and elevated GSH levels and promoted the recovery of VA- and VCSF-thresholds, especially for high spatial frequency-characterized vision. These results suggest that, probably because of its water-soluble carotenoids, C. militaris extract has the potential to prevent or treat light-induced visual dysfunction.
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Heydari M, Zare M, Badie MR, Watson RR, Talebnejad MR, Afarid M. Crocin as a vision supplement. Clin Exp Optom 2022; 106:249-256. [PMID: 35231199 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2039554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Crocin is a natural ingredient of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flower that has shown potential for application as a supplement in eye health and preserving vision. Crocin has been examined for its potential to treat various eye diseases such as glaucoma, macular dystrophies, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. This review briefly discusses the role of crocin in different eye diseases. The underlying pathophysiological pathways involved in the effect of crocin on ophthalmic diseases are also reviewed. Preclinical evidence shows the cytoprotective, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and blood-flow enhancing effects of crocin in retinal tissue. Crocin also affects the retinal pathologies by activating PI3K/Akt and inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathways. Clinical evidence suggests that crocin improves outcomes in patients with retinal degenerations, retinal dystrophies, and glaucoma. Overall, crocin can be suggested as a potential vision supplement in healthy populations and patients with eye diseases. However, more clinical studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up durations are needed to confirm the current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Heydari
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mousa Zare
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Badie
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Talebnejad
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Afarid
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Chen YW, Huang YP, Wu PC, Chiang WY, Wang PH, Chen BY. The Functional Vision Protection Effect of Danshensu via Dopamine D1 Receptors: In Vivo Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030978. [PMID: 33803057 PMCID: PMC8002943 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Danshensu, a traditional herb-based active component (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), has garnered attention, due to its safety, nutritional value, and antioxidant effects, along with cardiovascular-protective and neuroprotective abilities; however, its effect on the retinal tissues and functional vision has not been fully studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the protective effect of danshensu on retinal tissues and functional vision in vivo in a mouse model of light-induced retinal degeneration. High energy light-evoked visual damage was confirmed by the loss in structural tissue integrity in the retina accompanied by a decline in visual acuity and visual contrast sensitivity function (VCSF), whereas the retina tissue exhibited severe Müller cell gliosis. Although danshensu treatment did not particularly reduce light-evoked damage to the photoreceptors, it significantly prevented Müller cell gliosis. Danshensu exerted protective effects against light-evoked deterioration on low spatial frequency-based VCSF as determined by the behavioral optomotor reflex method. Additionally, the protective effect of danshensu on VCSF can be reversed and blocked by the injection of a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist (SCH 23390). This study demonstrated that the major functional vision promotional effect of danshensu in vivo was through the dopamine D1 receptors enhancement pathway, rather than the structural protection of the retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Yun-Ping Huang
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Pei-Chang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Wei-Yu Chiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Ping-Hsun Wang
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Bo-Yie Chen
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 12319)
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Sepahi S, Ghorani-Azam A, Hossieni SM, Mohajeri SA, Khodaverdi E. Pharmacological Effects of Saffron and its Constituents in Ocular Disorders from in vitro Studies to Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:392-401. [PMID: 32379589 PMCID: PMC8033960 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200507083346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Some medicinal plants have shown promising therapeutic potential for the management of the diseases. We aimed to systematically review the literature wherein the therapeutic effects of saffron have been studied on eye disorders. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google scholar and other databases using eye disorders and saffron as key terms. No strict inclusion criteria were defined, and almost all clinical studies, as well as in vivo and in vitro studies were included. The reported data in each study were extracted and then qualitatively described. Results Finally, 78 articles were found but only 29 relevant articles were included. Nine articles were clinical trials and 20 articles were studies conducted on cellular and molecular aspects of saffron on eye disorders. According to the included studies, crocin prevented the pro-inflammatory response in retinal cells and decreased glucose levels in diabetic mice. Also, crocetin prevented retinal degeneration and saffron protected photoreceptors from light-induced damage in retinal cells. Saffron also improved visual function in age-related macular edema and decreased intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. In addition, it was shown that crocin can improve best corrected visual acuity and decrease central macular thickness in patients with diabetic maculopathy. Conclusion The results of this review indicated that saffron and its main ingredients such as crocin could be a potential candidate for the treatment of ocular disease especially eye inflammation; however, further clinical studies are needed to confirm such efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Sepahi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adel Ghorani-Azam
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyedeh M Hossieni
- Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed A Mohajeri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Khodaverdi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Yaribeygi H, Zare V, Butler AE, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. Antidiabetic potential of saffron and its active constituents. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8610-8617. [PMID: 30515777 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is growing rapidly worldwide. This metabolic disorder affects many physiological pathways and is a key underlying cause of a multitude of debilitating complications. There is, therefore, a critical need for effective diabetes management. Although many synthetic therapeutic glucose-lowering agents have been developed to control glucose homeostasis, they may have unfavorable side effects or limited efficacy. Herbal-based hypoglycemic agents present an adjunct treatment option to mitigate insulin resistance, improve glycemic control and reduce the required dose of standard antidiabetic medications. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), whilst widely used as a food additive, is a natural product with insulin-sensitizing and hypoglycemic effects. Saffron contains several bioactive β carotenes, which exert their pharmacological effects in various tissues without any obvious side effects. In this study, we discuss how saffron and its major components exert their hypoglycemic effects by induction of insulin sensitivity, improving insulin signaling and preventing β-cell failure, all mechanisms combining to achieve better glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Zare
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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