1
|
Yang M, Su S, Cheng S, Wang Z, Du M. Absorption and transport properties of a codfish-derived peptide and its protective effect on bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:3496-3506. [PMID: 38463011 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04819e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
A potential osteogenic tetradecapeptide with the amino acid sequence GETNPADSKPGSIR (P-GM-2) was identified from Gadus morhua. The present study aimed to elucidate its absorption and transport properties using Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture monolayers and to evaluate its osteogenic activity using an ovariectomized mouse model. The results showed that P-GM-2 could cross Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture barriers intactly with an apparent permeability coefficient of 4.02 × 10-6 cm s-1via the TJ-mediated passive paracellular pathway. Pharmacokinetic results revealed that P-GM-2 was detectable in the blood of mice within 5 min of oral administration and reached its maximum concentration at 30 min. Furthermore, the oral administration of P-GM-2 for a duration of three months has been found to effectively regulate the secretion of key markers of bone turnover, thereby protecting against bone microstructure degeneration and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Importantly, no toxicity related to the treatment was observed. Taken together, these findings offer valuable insights into the absorption and transport mechanisms of P-GM-2, highlighting its potential as a safe and effective active ingredient for preventing osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Shengpeng Su
- Inner Mongolia Enterprise Key Laboratory of Dairy Nutrition, Health & Safety, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd, Huhhot 011500, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhen Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Ming Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu S, Zhao Y, Song W, Zhang C, Wang Q, Li R, Shen Y, Gong S, Li M, Sun L. Improving the Sustainability of Processing By-Products: Extraction and Recent Biological Activities of Collagen Peptides. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101965. [PMID: 37238782 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Society and consumers are increasingly concerned about food safety and the sustainability of food production systems. A significant amount of by-products and discards are generated during the processing of aquatic animals, which still needs to be fully utilized by the food industry. The management and sustainable use of these resources are essential to avoiding environmental pollution and resource waste. These by-products are rich in biologically active proteins, which can be converted into peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation treatment. Therefore, exploring the extraction of collagen peptides from these by-products using an enzymatic hydrolysis technology has attracted a wide range of attention from numerous researchers. Collagen peptides have been found to possess multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antitumor, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties can enhance the physiological functions of organisms and make collagen peptides useful as ingredients in food, pharmaceuticals, or cosmetics. This paper reviews the general methods for extracting collagen peptides from various processing by-products of aquatic animals, including fish skin, scales, bones, and offal. It also summarizes the functional activities of collagen peptides as well as their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Xu
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuping Zhao
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wenshan Song
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, No. 23, Hong Kong East Road, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Chengpeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qiuting Wang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yanyan Shen
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Shunmin Gong
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Mingbo Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Leilei Sun
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lao L, Jian H, Liao W, Zeng C, Liu G, Cao Y, Miao J. Casein Calcium-Binding Peptides: Preparation, Characterization, and Promotion of Calcium Uptake in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
|
4
|
Varga-Tóth A, Németh C, Dalmadi I, Csurka T, Csorba R, Elayan M, Enkhbold M, Hidas K, Friedrich LF. Investigation of the effects of bovine collagen peptides and mixed berries on rheological properties and biological activity of egg white-based beverage via central composite design. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1011553. [PMID: 36846024 PMCID: PMC9947798 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1011553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern consumer expectations have become highly diversified: they want more opportunities to meet diverse family needs (diversity of family members in age, gender, physical activity, etc. ,) and individual health goals with a huge variety of sensorial preferences. Our research is aimed to develop a protein-dense, highly bioactive, lactose- and whey protein-free beverage applying a central composite rotational design (CCRD) with 2 factors. For this purpose, an egg white-based beverage was flavored with mixed berries (factor A) and enriched with bovine collagen peptides (factor B). After suitable sample preparation, the rheological properties were investigated by an Anton Paar MCR 92 rheometer (with CC 27 system, and flow behavior was analyzed with a Herschel-Bulkley (H-B) model). The antioxidant capacity of samples was investigated by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method, the total anthocyanin content was estimated based on a spectrophotometric method, and the total phenolic content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method. Our results are figured on response surfaces demonstrating that both factors and their interactions show a positive correlation with the examined parameters. Based on the CCRD, all investigated parameters are significantly influenced by at least one aspect and can be adequately estimated for further product development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Varga-Tóth
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary,*Correspondence: Adrienn Varga-Tóth ✉
| | | | - István Dalmadi
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csurka
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Renáta Csorba
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Majd Elayan
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Munkhnasan Enkhbold
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karina Hidas
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Ferenc Friedrich
- Department of Livestocks Products and Food Preservation Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duan Z, Ji X, Zhu Y, Zhao D, Han K, Gu S, Ma L, Jin S, Chen J, Li T, Huo N. Effects of Sheep Bone Collagen Peptide on Liver Lipid Deposition in Ovariectomized Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:320-330. [PMID: 36047104 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Liver can be directly involved in the synthesis and decomposition of fatty acids. Liver lipid deposition is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Estrogen deficiency can cause lipid deposition and energy metabolism disorders in the liver. Sheep bone collagen peptide (SBCP) has been shown to have estrogen-like effects in previous studies. And SBCP has high bioavailability, safety and non-toxic side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SBCP on liver lipid deposition (LLD) caused by estrogen deficiency. Female Wistar rats were treated as follows (n=10): sham group: underwent peri-ovary fat removal operations, ovariectomized rats (model group), ovariectomized rats receiving SBCP treatments: SBCP high dose group (SBCP-H), SBCP medium dose group (SBCP-M) and SBCP low dose group (SBCP-L). After 8 wk, the model group demonstrated severe LLD and liver pathological changes, with increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and free fatty acid (FFA) levels (p<0.05). Additionally, the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity (p<0.05), serum albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio (p<0.05), amount of butyric acid-producing bacteria and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content decreased. SBCP intervention could inhibit the occurrence of LLD and alleviate the liver histopathological damage induced by estrogen deficiency by relieving oxidative stress, preventing the loss of butyric acid-producing bacteria, and decreasing the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri in the gut. The results suggested that SBCP could improve the LLD indecued by estrogen deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Xia Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Yixin Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Donghao Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Keguang Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Shaopeng Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Linfeng Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Shuxiu Jin
- Medical Experimental Center, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Tao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| | - Nairui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Song J, Liu G, Song Y, Jiao K, Wang S, Cao T, Yu J, Wei Y. Positive effect of compound amino acid chelated calcium from the shell and skirt of scallop in an ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1363-1371. [PMID: 34358348 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis has become an important public health issue with the increase of aging population, and afflicts millions of people worldwide, particularly elderly or postmenopausal women. In the present study, we prepared compound amino acid chelated calcium (CAA-Ca) from processing by-products of Chlamys farreri, and evaluated its effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis with an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. RESULTS A 60-day treatment of OVX rats with CAA-Ca significantly enhanced the bone mineral density (BMD) and the bone calcium content. Meanwhile, some bone morphometric parameters, trabecular bone number (Tb.N), trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular bone thickness (Tb.Th) and cortical bone wall thickness (Ct.Th), were also increased by 8.20%, 118.18%, 32.99% and 19.10%, respectively. In addition, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in serum were significantly reduced after CAA-Ca treatment, while the blood calcium levels were increased. Mechanistically, CAA-Ca down-regulated the levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), and up-regulated osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in osteoclasts, inhibiting bone resorption and bone loss. Meanwhile, CAA-Ca treatment raised β-catenin levels and lowered Dickkopf1 (DKK1) levels in the Wnt signaling pathway of osteoblasts, which can promote calcium absorption and bone formation. CONCLUSION The results suggested that CAA-Ca promoted bone formation, inhibited bone resorption and improved bone microstructure. Therefore, this study contributes to the potential application of CAA-Ca as a functional food resource in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Song
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guofeng Liu
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yahui Song
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kui Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | | | - Jia Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxi Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
An advanced strategy for efficient recycling of bovine bone: Preparing high-valued bone powder via instant catapult steam-explosion. Food Chem 2021; 374:131614. [PMID: 34848091 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
As the major byproduct of meat processing, bovine bone are produced in large amounts annually. However, the inefficient utilization with low-added value resulted in serious resource waste. The study aims to prepare high-value bovine bone power (BBP) via instant catapult steam-explosion (ICSE) treatment, taking ball milling (BM) method as control. Results showed that ICSE treatment deconstructed bovine bone with more holes emerging, and effectively promoted mineral dissolution and protein degradation while reduced energy consumption. Compared with BM-BBP, ICSE-BBP possessed more protein and essential minerals, presenting in regular elliptical shapes with narrow distribution of particle size (0.1 ∼ 40 μm), and owned better solution stability and protein solubility. ICSE-BBP also exhibited higher mineral release and protein digestibility during GI digestion while revealed no obvious cytotoxicity, indicating the potential applicability in nutrition-fortified foods. Taken together, ICSE technology holds promise in reusing bovine bone, providing an efficient and eco-friendly process for BBP industrial production.
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo D, Zhao M, Xu W, He H, Li B, Hou T. Dietary interventions for better management of osteoporosis: An overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:125-144. [PMID: 34251926 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1944975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a public health concern and a cause of bone loss, increased risk of skeletal fracture, and a heavy economic burden. It is common in postmenopausal women and the elderly and is impacted by dietary factors, lifestyle and some secondary factors. Although many drugs are available for the treatment of osteoporosis, these therapies are accompanied by subsequent side effects. Hence, dietary interventions are highly important to prevent osteoporosis. This review was aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the roles of dietary nutrients derived from natural foods and of common dietary patterns in the regulation of osteoporosis. Nutrients from daily diets, such as unsaturated fatty acids, proteins, minerals, peptides, phytoestrogens, and prebiotics, can regulate bone metabolism and reverse bone loss. Meanwhile, these nutrients generally existed in food groups and certain dietary patterns also play critical roles in skeletal health. Appropriate dietary interventions (nutrients and dietary patterns) could be primary and effective strategies to prevent and treat osteoporosis across the lifespan for the consumers and food enterprises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danjun Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengge Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kao YF, Tu MC, Chai HJ, Lin YL, Chen YC. Suppressive effects of an apoptotic mimicry prepared from jumbo-flying squid-skin phospholipids on the osteoclastogenesis in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand/macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced RAW 264.7 cells. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:51-60. [PMID: 33177403 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liposomes containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and phosphatidylserine were claimed to inhibit osteoclast formation and bone resorption in the inflammatory status. Herein, we proposed that an apoptotic mimicry (SQ liposome) prepared from squid-skin phospholipids can explore the suppressive osteoclastogenesis. METHODS The intermolecular fatty-acid composition in the phospholipid of squid-skin extract was analyzed by GC-FID. The SQ liposome structure was characterized by size distribution and zeta potential (ζ). RAW 264.7 cell is used to study the effect of SQ liposomes on osteoclast differentiation. Secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) from RAW 264.7 cells were assayed. Antiosteoclastogenesis effects were performed via the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cell (MNC) counting, bone resorption pit assay, and TRAP activity analysis. The specific gene expressions related to antiosteoclastogenesis were also detected. RESULTS An apoptotic mimicry through the use of a single-layer liposome (SQ liposome) with phosphatidylserine exposure contains DHA (28.7%) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 11.8%). Co-treatment with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/macrophage colony-stimulating factor induced RAW 264.7-cell differentiation into mature osteoclasts, thus enhancing PGE2 and TGF-β secretion. However, cotreatment with 1 mg/mL of SQ liposome restored (p < 0.05) the cell viabilities under the RANKL stress. Increased PGE2 levels was downregulated (p < 0.05) in cotreatments with 0.11 and 0.33 mg/mL of SQ liposome, but on the TGF-β levels were not (p > 0.05) influenced in SQ liposome cotreatments. Cotreatments with 0.33-1 mg/mL of SQ liposome suppressed (p < 0.05) the osteoclast maturation (such as decreased MNCs and bone pit formation), inhibited TRAP activities, and downregulated the osteoclastogenesis-related gene expressions. CONCLUSION In summary, current data support that a possible prevention of our prepared SQ liposomes which are rich in DHA and EPA on bone loss is through the suppression of osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, based on the results from this study an in vivo study warrants a further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Kao
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Chieh Tu
- Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huey-Jine Chai
- Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ling Lin
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mei F, Duan Z, Chen M, Lu J, Zhao M, Li L, Shen X, Xia G, Chen S. Effect of a high-collagen peptide diet on the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid metabolism. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
11
|
Upadhyay D, Kaur T, Kapila R, Kapila S. Repertoire of Structure-Activity-Based Novel Modified Peptides Elicits Enhanced Osteogenic Potential. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8308-8320. [PMID: 32628843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active peptides in milk proteins can be used as effective dietary supplements for management of bone-associated issues including osteoporosis. A bioactive peptide derived from milk, viz. VLPVPQK/PepC, has been validated previously from our lab for its osteoanabolic action. In this study, we report 14 novel variants of PepC, designed in silico, based on the structure-activity relationship, aiming to enhance its osteogenic effect that holds tremendous therapeutic utility for bone-related injuries. PepC was computationally modified at seven positions of its original sequence, resulting in 14 modified synthetic peptides for functional predictions and in vitro assessment by comparative analysis of modified peptides by PepC for improved ability in osteogenic functional assays (proliferation potential, antioxidant ability, gene and protein expression, cytotoxic effect, bone mineralization) using calvarial osteoblasts. For most peptides with the highest Peptide7 response relative to PepC (p < 0.05), enhanced osteoanabolic response was observed. Further observations on Peptide7 have therefore been investigated in depth (qPCR, immunoblotting, LCMS/MS, and PCA analysis). Peptide7 displayed a rise in the expression of osteogenes (Osterix, Opg, Bmp2, and Runx2, p < 0.05) and protein (Runx2 and Bmp2, p < 0.05). Besides, LCMS/MS findings suggest Peptide7 escapes intestinal peptidases degradation. Experimental evidence supports an improved osteological reaction to newly modified peptides and hence exploitation in the preparation of functional foods or supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Upadhyay
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Taruneet Kaur
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Rajeev Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Suman Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| |
Collapse
|