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Han H, Chang Y, Jiao Y. Recent Advances in Efficient Lutein-Loaded Zein-Based Solid Nano-Delivery Systems: Establishment, Structural Characterization, and Functional Properties. Foods 2024; 13:2304. [PMID: 39063387 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant proteins have gained significant attention over animal proteins due to their low carbon footprint, balanced nutrition, and high sustainability. These attributes make plant protein nanocarriers promising for applications in drug delivery, nutraceuticals, functional foods, and other areas. Zein, a major by-product of corn starch processing, is inexpensive and widely available. Its unique self-assembly characteristics have led to its extensive use in various food and drug systems. Zein's functional tunability allows for excellent performance in loading and transporting bioactive substances. Lutein offers numerous bioactive functions, such as antioxidant and vision protection, but suffers from poor chemical stability and low bioavailability. Nano-embedding technology can construct various zein-loaded lutein nanodelivery systems to address these issues. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the construction of zein-loaded lutein nanosystems. It discusses the fundamental properties of these systems; systematically introduces preparation techniques, structural characterization, and functional properties; and analyzes and predicts the target-controlled release and bioaccessibility of zein-loaded lutein nanosystems. The interactions and synergistic effects between Zein and lutein in the nanocomplexes are examined to elucidate the formation mechanism and conformational relationship of zein-lutein nanoparticles. The physical and chemical properties of Zein are closely related to the molecular structure. Zein and its modified products can encapsulate and protect lutein through various methods, creating more stable and efficient zein-loaded lutein nanosystems. Additionally, embedding lutein in Zein and its derivatives enhances lutein's digestive stability, solubility, antioxidant properties, and overall bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Han
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Ying Chang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
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2
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Xie L, Hao X, Xie J, Mo J, Yuan C, Chen W. Acetylated pelargonidin-3- O-glucoside alleviates hepatocyte lipid deposition through activating the AMPK-mediated lysosome-autophagy pathway and redox state. Food Funct 2024; 15:6929-6942. [PMID: 38659316 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00185k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide public health issue, but a widely accepted therapy is still lacking until now. Anthocyanins are natural flavonoid compounds that possess various bioactivities, but their applications are limited due to their low bioavailability and stability. Acylated anthocyanins are reported to show higher stability, whereas their effects on NAFLD are still unclear. Herein, pelargonidin-3-O-(6''-acetyl)-glucoside (Ace Pg3G) was found to dose-dependently reduce intracellular lipid droplets and triglycerides, and improve cellular oxidative stress that accompanied lipid deposition. Besides, Ace Pg3G was proved to activate AMPK phosphorylation, thus stimulating AMPK-mediated lysosome-autophagy pathway to eliminate overloaded lipid. Further study unveiled that Ace Pg3G regulated genes related to lipid metabolism downstream of AMPK to inhibit lipid synthesis and accelerate lipid oxidation. Overall, this study provided the first evidence, to our best knowledge, that Ace Pg3G ameliorated free fatty acid-induced lipid deposition in hepatocytes through regulating AMPK-mediated autophagy pathways and redox state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghua Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiahong Xie
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianling Mo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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3
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Singh SSB, Patil KN. SIRT1/AMPK-mediated pathway: Ferulic acid from sugar beet pulp mitigating obesity-induced diabetes-linked complications and improving metabolic health. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159511. [PMID: 38761896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Obesity-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases the risk of metabolic syndrome due to the high calorie intake. The role of sugar beet pulp (SBP) in T2D and the mechanism of its action remain unclear, though it is abundant in phenolics and has antioxidant activity. In this study, we isolated and purified ferulic acid from SBP, referred to as SBP-E, and studied the underlying molecular mechanisms in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism developing high glucose/high fat diet-induced diabetic models in vitro and in vivo. SBP-E showed no cytotoxicity and reduced the oxidative stress by increasing glutathione (GSH) in human liver (HepG2) and rat skeletal muscle (L6) cells. It also decreased body weight gain, food intake, fasting blood glucose levels (FBGL), glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and lipid accumulation. Additionally, SBP-E decreased the oxidative stress and improved the antioxidant enzyme levels in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2D mice. Further, SBP-E reduced plasma and liver advanced glycation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in HFD-fed mice. Importantly, SBP-E significantly elevated AMPK, glucose transporter, SIRT1 activity, and Nrf2 expression and decreased ACC activity and SREBP1 levels in diabetic models. Collectively, our study results suggest that SBP-E treatment can improve obesity-induced T2D by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism via SIRT1/AMPK signalling and the AMPK/SREBP1/ACC1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha S B Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru 570 020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Neelakanteshwar Patil
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru 570 020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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4
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Wang H, Kay M, Zhang D, Chen G, Li X. Improvement of oxidized myofibrillar protein gel properties by black rice extract. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101117. [PMID: 38292685 PMCID: PMC10825331 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of black rice extract (BE) on the composition of oxidized myofibrillar protein (MP) gel, different concentrations of BE (0, 10, 20, 50 mg g-1) were analyzed experimentally. Results revealed that the addition of small doses of BE significantly inhibited the formation of carbonyl groups in oxidized MP, and improved surface hydrophobicity and gel water holding capacity. Additionally, 10 and 20 mg g-1 BE increased the ordered structure of oxidized MP. Furthermore, dynamic rheometer results showed a significant increase in the storage modulus (G') of oxidized MP with 10 and 20 mg g-1 BE during heating. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that MP formed a denser network structure with addition of 10 and 20 mg g-1 BE. Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that there is a significant increase in immobile water in MP gel and a decrease in free water within the 20 mg g-1 BE group. In conclusion, 20 mg g-1 supplemented BE significantly improved the structure order and hardness of oxidized MP gel, increased its structure density and water holding capacity, and it provides a theoretical basis for the application of antioxidants in meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Wang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Matthew Kay
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers’ University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Daojiu Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Hulunbeir Arong Banner Agricultural Development Center, Hulunbeir Arong Banner, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers’ University, Yancheng 224007, China
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5
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Zhang G, Zhang M, Pei Y, Qian K, Xie J, Huang Q, Liu S, Xue N, Zu Y, Wang H. Enhancing stability of liposomes using high molecular weight chitosan to promote antioxidative stress effects and lipid-lowering activity of encapsulated lutein in vivo and in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126564. [PMID: 37714230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Lutein is an antioxidant with multiple beneficial functions. However, its therapeutic potential is hampered by its low water solubility and bioavailability. The goal of this study is to compare the stability of lutein-loaded liposomes (Lu-lip) and low (LC)/high molecular weight (HC) chitosan-coated Lu-lip, along with their antioxidant capacity using H2O2-induced HepG2 cells and their lipid-lowering activity using high-fat diet mice. Both LC and HC reduced the lutein degradation rate by 17.5 % and 26.72 % in a challenging environment at pH 6 and T = 4 °C. Compared to LC, the HC coating improved the size- and zeta-potential-stability of Lu-lip at 5 < pH < 7, with the best performance at pH 6. The HC coating prolonged the lutein release profile, increased the cellular uptake of Lu-lip, and reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the H2O2-induced necrotic cell ratios by increasing the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Animal experiments have shown that oral administration of LC and HC coated Lu-lip can significantly reduce body weight levels, total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and non-high-density lipoprotein (n-HDL-C) in high-fat diet mice while significantly increasing the levels of CAT, SOD and GSH-Px in the liver of mice. LC and HC coated Lu-lip can reduce fat accumulation in the liver and epididymal adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoshuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Meijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yiqiao Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jiao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, GuiZhou 550025, China
| | - Qun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, GuiZhou 550025, China.
| | - Suwen Liu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China.
| | - Na Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, China; Central Laboratory, the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China.
| | - Yujiao Zu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
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Dinesh A, Kumar A. A Review on Bioactive Compounds, Ethnomedicinal Importance and Pharmacological Activities of Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301079. [PMID: 37867157 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. is a traditional leafy vegetable used by tribal communities for ethnomedicinal and ethnoculinary preparations. This article reviews the current knowledge of its multiple uses, including pharmacological activities and nutritional composition. The literature survey shows that it has been traditionally useful in the treatment of several diseases, such as anaemia, diabetes, measles, and ulcers and the preparation of various traditional foods. Analysis of the literature on its phytochemicals shows its richness in bioactive compounds. Further, research also shows that this plant has antidiabetic, antiobesity, antitumor, antiulcer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities besides anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nutrient analysis of the plant reveals the presence of Ca, Zn, Fe, vitamins C and E, dietary fibre and protein in considerable quantities. The results of the pharmacological studies on the antidiabetic, antiulcer and anti-anaemic activities provide support in favour of its ethnomedicinal uses. The presence of bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities show the usefulness of this plant as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anagha Dinesh
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
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7
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Naringenin inhibits lipid accumulation by activating the AMPK pathway in vivo and vitro. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chen W, Zhang H, Liu G, Kang J, Wang B, Wang J, Li J, Wang H. Lutein attenuated methylglyoxal-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in PC12 cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14382. [PMID: 36017617 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO), a cytotoxic byproduct of glycolysis, causes neuro oxidative damage and apoptosis, and plays key roles in diabetic encephalopathy (DE). The goal of this research was to evaluate the roles of lutein attenuated MGO-induced damage in PC12 cells as well as the underlying mechanisms. The findings of this study showed that lutein has a significant impact on reducing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in MGO-induced PC12 cells, which may be attributed to the increased antioxidant enzymes activity and the decreased MDA levels. Moreover, treatment with lutein also alleviated cell apoptosis and mitochondrial damage. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis showed that lutein enhanced the Bcl-2:Bax ratio, inhibited the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and increased the protein level of phosphorylated Akt. The network pharmacology and molecular docking prediction results suggested that the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway was a potential mechanism of lutein in DE treatment. Furthermore, LY294002, a specific PI3K inhibitor, partially abolished the protective effect of lutein. These results presented that lutein attenuated oxidative damage and apoptosis triggered by MGO in PC12 cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Lutein is a common carotenoid dispersed in fruits and vegetables. This article confirmed a protective effect of lutein on oxidative damage and apoptosis in PC12 cells after MGO damage. These results indicated that lutein could potentially be developed as a nutraceutical or functional food in the prevention of diabetic-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Animal & Plant and Food Inspection Center of Tianjin Customs (Former Tianjin Inspection and Quarantine Bureau), Tianjin, China
| | - Guishan Liu
- School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China
| | - Biao Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jilite Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China
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9
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Wang X, Li X, Li L, Yang X, Wang J, Liu X, Chen J, Liu S, Zhang N, Li J, Wang H. Hawthorn fruit extract ameliorates H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in neuronal PC12 cells and prolongs the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via the IIS signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:10680-10694. [PMID: 36172739 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01657e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) fruit has a long history of use as traditional Chinese medicine and is shown to have many health benefits including antioxidant and anti-aging. In this study, the anti-aging mechanism of hawthorn fruit extract (HFE) is predicted by network pharmacology and further verified in H2O2-induced PC12 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Network pharmacology predicted that the antiaging mechanism of HFE is mainly involved in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IIS) signaling pathway. HFE significantly improved cell viability, increased superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity, decreased lactate dehydrogenase release, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde content in H2O2-induced PC12 cells (p < 0.05). HFE significantly increased the mean lifespan of C. elegans by 28.43% (100 μg mL-1) and enhanced the stress resistance to H2O2, paraquat, juglone, ultraviolet radiation, and heat shock. HFE also suppressed the accumulation of aging pigments, improved the body bending ability, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced the contents of ROS and malondialdehyde. In addition, relevant gene expression, lifespan experiments with mutant strains, and molecular docking studies supported the results that HFE might extend lifespan through the IIS signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Luyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xu Yang
- National center of supervision and inspection for processed food quality, Tianjin institute for food safety inspection technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jilite Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Inner MongoliaBayannur, China
| | - Xiaozhi Liu
- Department of neurosurgery, the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Suwen Liu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
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Su YL, Liu D, Liu YJ, Ji YL, Liu GS, Wang JLT, Wang B, Wang H. Phlorizin alleviates cholinergic memory impairment and regulates gut microbiota in d-galactose induced mice. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111863. [PMID: 35660419 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We explored the effect of phlorizin against cholinergic memory impairment and dysbacteriosis in D-galactose induced ICR mice. The control (CON) group, D-galactose model (DGM) group, and three groups (DG-PL, DG-PM, DG-PH) treated with phlorizin at 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04% (w/w) in diets were raised for 12 weeks. Supplementing with phlorizin reversed the loss of organ coefficient and body weight caused by D-galactose. The functional abilities of phlorizin on hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation were also observed. Meanwhile, phlorizin intervention upregulated the gene expression of Nrf2, GSH-PX, SOD1, decreased the gene expression of NF-κB, TLR-4, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the hippocampus, while enhanced the gene expression of JAM-A, Mucin2, Occludin in the caecum. Furthermore, a neurotransmitter of acetylcholine (ACh) was enhanced, while acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was inhibited by phlorizin administration. Moreover, phlorizin administration increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content, and reduced lipopolysaccharides (LPS) levels, which may relate to the rebuilding of gut microbiota homeostasis. Treatment with phlorizin may be an effective intervention for alleviating cognitive decline and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Su
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yao-Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yang-Lin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Gui-Shan Liu
- School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Ji-Li-Te Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Inner Mongolia, Bayannur 015000, China
| | - Biao Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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11
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Shi L, Karrar E, Liu R, Chang M, Wang X. Comparative effects of sesame lignans (sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol) on oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in steatosis HepG2 cells. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14180. [PMID: 35396857 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be attributed to the imbalance between lipogenesis and lipidolysis in the liver. Sesame lignans (sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol) are unique bioactive compounds responsible for the nutritional function of sesame oils. However, the preventive effects of three lignans on oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in steatosis HepG2 cells have not been compared. In this study, we investigated the role of sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol on hepatic lipid accumulation and explored the underlying mechanism via a well-established cell model. The results showed that 3 μg/ml of lignans could decrease the TG/TC contents and alleviate cellular oxidative stress, with an order of the lipid-lowering effect as sesamol > sesamin > sesamolin. The lignan-activated AMPK and PPAR signaling pathways enhanced gene and protein expressions related to fatty acid oxidation, cholesterol efflux, and catabolism. Meanwhile, treatment of the steatosis HepG2 cells with sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol reduced lipid synthesis and cholesterol uptake, thus lowering intracellular lipogenesis in the process of NAFLD. Our data suggested that sesame lignans can attenuate oxidative stress and regulate lipid metabolism in liver cells, which may be potential therapeutic agents for treating the NAFLD. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present work demonstrated that sesame lignans can be used for dietary supplements or functional additives with excellent lipid-lowering effects. Furthermore, this study supplied potential molecular mechanisms involved in NAFLD treatment process, and also provided nutritional guidelines for sesame oil evaluation and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longkai Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Emad Karrar
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ming Chang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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12
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Zhou F, Sun L, Shao Y, Zhang X, Li C. AMPK-mediated glutaminolysis maintains coelomocytes redox homeostasis in Vibrio splendidus-challenged Apostichopus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:170-180. [PMID: 35150828 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glutaminolysis has been proved to play an irreplaceable role in vertebrate immunity, including effects on cytokine production, bacterial killing, and redox homeostasis maintenance. Our previous metabolomics analysis indicated that glutaminolysis metabolic substrates glutamine (Gln) and metabolites glutamate (Glu) were significantly lower in Skin ulceration syndrome (SUS)-diseased Apostichopus japonicus. To further delineate the role of glutaminolysis, we assayed the levels of Gln and Glu. We found that their contents in coelomocytes were decreased, accompanied by an increase in glutathione (GSH) in pathogen-challenged Apostichopus japonicus. Consistently, the mRNA transcripts of three key genes in glutaminolysis (AjASCT2, AjGOT, and AjGCS) were significantly induced. Moreover, the increased MDA and NADPH/NADP + levels in response to pathogen infection indicated that oxidative stress occurs during the immune response. The metabolic regulator AMPKβ could regulate glutaminolysis in vertebrates by inducing cells to take up extracellular Gln. To explore the underlying regulatory mechanism behind glutaminolysis that occurred in coelomocytes, the full-length cDNA of AMPKβ was identified from A. japonicus (designated as AjAMPKβ). AjAMPKβ expression was significantly induced in the coelomocytes after pathogen challenge, which was consistent with the expression of key genes of glutaminolysis. A functional assay indicated that AjAMPKβ silencing by siRNA transfection could increase the levels of Gln and Glu and depress the production of GSH. Moreover, the expression of glutaminolysis-related genes was significantly inhibited, and the reduction of redox homeostasis indexes (MDA and NADPH/NADP+) was also observed. Contrastingly, AjAMPKβ overexpression promoted redox homeostasis balance. Intracellular ROS is mostly responsible for breaking redox homeostasis and leading to oxidative stress, contributing to cell fate changes in immune cells. Exogenous Gln and GSH treatments could significantly reduce ROS level while the AjAMPKβ silencing induced the level of ROS and accelerated the necrosis rate. All these results collectively revealed that AjAMPKβ could modulate cellular redox homeostasis by affecting the glutaminolysis in A. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute, Yantai, 264034, PR China
| | - Lianlian Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; State-Province Joint Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Yina Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; State-Province Joint Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute, Yantai, 264034, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute, Yantai, 264034, PR China.
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13
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Li T, Gong H, Zhan B, Mao X. Chitosan oligosaccharide attenuates hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells via the activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14045. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Han Gong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Biyuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Xueying Mao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
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14
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Yang M, Hu D, Cui Z, Li H, Man C, Jiang Y. Lipid-Lowering Effects of Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide In Vivo and In Vitro. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123085. [PMID: 34945636 PMCID: PMC8700920 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive lipid intake will cause hyperlipidemia, fatty liver metabolism disease, and endanger people’s health. Edible fungus polysaccharide is a natural active substance for lipid lowering. In this study, the HepG2 cell model induced by oleic acid and mice model induced by a high-fat diet was established. The lipid-lowering effects of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Glucose (251.33 mg/g), rhamnose (11.53 mg/g), ribose (5.10 mg/g), glucuronic acid (6.30 mg/g), and galacturonic acid (2.95 mg/g) are present in IOP, at a ratio of 85.2:3.91:1.73:2.14:1. The molecular weight of IOP is 42.28 kDa. Treatment with 60 mg/L of IOP showed a significant lipid-lowering effect in HepG2 cells compared with the oleic acid-treated group. In the oil red O-stained images, the red fat droplets in the IOP-treated groups were significantly reduced. TC and TG levels of IOP-treated groups decreased. IOP can alleviate the lipid deposition in the mice liver due to high-fat diet, and significantly reduce their serum TC, TG, and LDL-C contents. IOP could activate AMPK but decrease the SREBP-1C, FAS, and ACC protein expression related to adipose synthesis in mice. IOP has a certain potential for lipid-lowering effects both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Department of Food Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (Z.C.); (H.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Dong Hu
- Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China;
| | - Zhengying Cui
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Department of Food Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (Z.C.); (H.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Hongxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Department of Food Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (Z.C.); (H.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Chaoxin Man
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Department of Food Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (Z.C.); (H.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Department of Food Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (Z.C.); (H.L.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-5519-1820
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15
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Neoxanthin prevents H 2O 2-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells by activating endogenous antioxidant signals and suppressing apoptosis signals. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6923-6934. [PMID: 34487292 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06695-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver has a solid inbuilt antioxidant defense system to regulate oxidative stress. However, exposure to an excessive level of ROS causes liver injury. This study examined the cytoprotective effect of neoxanthin, a xanthophyll antioxidant molecule isolated from Solanum trilobatum in stress-induced HepG2 cells. METHODS AND RESULTS The cytotoxic effect of H2O2 and cytoprotective potential of β-carotene, lutein, and neoxanthin was analyzed by WST-1 assay. The intracellular ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured using DCFH-DA (2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate) and JC-10 MMP assay. The expression of anti-oxidant and apoptotic markers was measured by western blot analysis. Neoxanthin pretreatment exhibited better protection than β-carotene and lutein against cell death caused by H2O2. It significantly arrested H2O2-mediated elevation of intracellular ROS levels and protected MMP. The intracellular antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and SOD-2 were upregulated by neoxanthin pretreatment. Neoxanthin also activated the protein expression of redox-sensitive transactivation factors, Nrf2 and NF-kB. The cytoprotective effect of neoxanthin was associated with increased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 and decreased pro-apoptotic protein Bax. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, our results demonstrate that neoxanthin offers adequate protection against stress-mediated cytotoxicity in hepatocytes by activating the intracellular antioxidant defense system and blocking apoptosis.
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16
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Hunter KS, Miller A, Mentink-Kane M, Davies SJ. Schistosome AMPK Is Required for Larval Viability and Regulates Glycogen Metabolism in Adult Parasites. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:726465. [PMID: 34539616 PMCID: PMC8440919 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.726465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
On entering the mammalian host, schistosomes transition from a freshwater environment where resources are scarce, to an environment where there is an unlimited supply of glucose, their preferred energy substrate. Adult schistosome glycolytic activity consumes almost five times the parasite's dry weight in glucose per day to meet the parasite's energy demands, and the schistosome glycolytic enzymes and mechanisms for glucose uptake that sustain this metabolic activity have previously been identified. However, little is known of the parasite processes that regulate schistosome glucose metabolism. We previously described the Schistosoma mansoni ortholog of 5' AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK), which is a central regulator of energy metabolism in eukaryotes, and characterized the developmental regulation of its expression and activity in S. mansoni. Here we sought to explore the function of AMPK in schistosomes and test whether it regulates parasite glycolysis. Adult schistosomes mounted a compensatory response to chemical inhibition of AMPK α, resulting in increased AMPK α protein abundance and activity. RNAi inhibition of AMPK α expression, however, suggests that AMPK α is not required for adult schistosome viability in vitro. Larval schistosomula, on the other hand, are sensitive to chemical AMPK α inhibition, and this correlates with inactivity of the AMPK α gene in this life cycle stage that precludes a compensatory response to AMPK inhibition. While our data indicate that AMPK is not essential in adult schistosomes, our results suggest that AMPK regulates adult worm glycogen stores, influencing both glycogen utilization and synthesis. AMPK may therefore play a role in the ability of adult schistosomes to survive in vivo stressors such as transient glucose deprivation and oxidative stress. These findings suggest that AMPK warrants further investigation as a potential drug target, especially for interventions aimed at preventing establishment of a schistosome infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasandra S Hunter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - André Miller
- Schistosomiasis Resource Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Margaret Mentink-Kane
- Schistosomiasis Resource Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Stephen J Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
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17
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo Y, Xu L, Wang H. Phlorizin exerts potent effects against aging induced by D-galactose in mice and PC12 cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:2148-2160. [PMID: 33565551 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02707c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phlorizin is the main active ingredient of apple peel and has potential utilization value. Some recent studies have suggested that phlorizin may have antioxidant capacity and protect the liver. The injection of a low dose of d-galactose can cause some changes that resemble accelerated aging in mice. This study explored the protective effects of phlorizin on d-galactose-induced mice and PC12 cells. In this study, ICR mice were divided into a normal group (NOR), a d-galactose model group (d-gal) and phlorizin treatment groups (100 mg kg-1, 200 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1). In addition to the NOR group, four other groups were injected with d-galactose (120 mg kg-1) for 12 weeks. The results showed that phlorizin reduced the decline of strength, coordination and spatial memory caused by aging, increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). On the other hand, phlorizin increased the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and acetylcholine (ACh), reduced the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and decreased the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain, improved the expression of antioxidant genes related to the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, and reduced the occurrence of morphological lesions in the hippocampus and liver. In addition, phlorizin improved cell viability and reduced the cytotoxicity of d-galactose-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Meanwhile, the protective effect of phlorizin was abolished in Nrf2 gene knockdown PC12 cells. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that phlorizin could bind Keap1 protein, which can interact with Nrf2 protein. Therefore, these results suggest that phlorizin may delay senescence and enhance antioxidant capacity through the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yatu Guo
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Pathology Department, Tianjin Municipal Public Security Hospital, Tianjin 300042, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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18
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Cheng J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu D, Liu Y, Guo Y, Wu Z, Li H, Wang H. Ursolic acid alleviates lipid accumulation by activating the AMPK signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3998-4008. [PMID: 33001454 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the effect of ursolic acid (UA) on lipid metabolism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of UA in reducing lipid accumulation in free fatty acids-cultured HepG2 cells and in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. In vivo, UA effectively alleviated liver steatosis and decreased the size of adipocytes in the epididymis. It also significantly decreased the total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) contents in the liver and plasma in C57BL/6 mice. In vitro, UA (20 µM) significantly reduced lipid accumulation; the intracellular TC contents decreased from 0.078 ± 0.0047 to 0.049 ± 0.0064 µmol/mg protein, and TG contents from 0.133 ± 0.005 to 0.066 ± 0.0047 µmol/mg protein, in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, UA reduced the mRNA expression related to fat synthesis, enhanced the mRNA expression related to adipose decomposition, and dramatically upregulated the protein expression of P-AMPK in vivo and in vitro. Of note, these protective effects of UA on a high-fat environment were blocked by the AMPK inhibitor (compound C) in vitro. In addition, the molecular docking results suggested that UA could be docked to the AMPK protein as an AMPK activator. These results indicated that UA lowered the lipid content probably via activating the AMPK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting lipid synthesis and promoting fat decomposition. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Ursolic acid (UA) widely exists in vegetables and fruits. This study highlighted a lipid-lowing mechanism of UA in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6J mice. The data indicated that UA might be used in lipid-lowering functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal and Plant and Food Inspection Center of Tianjin Customs (Former Tianjin Inspection and Quarantine Bureau), Tianjin, 300461, China
| | - Yatu Guo
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zijian Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300143, China
| | - Heyu Li
- Tianjin Ubasio Biotechnology Group Co. Ltd., Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, 300457, China
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19
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Zhu Y, Bai J, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Dong Y, Xiao X. Water-soluble and alkali-soluble polysaccharides from bitter melon inhibited lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:155-165. [PMID: 33172614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bitter melon polysaccharides (BPS) have been reported to have hypolipidemic effects. However, the precise mechanism of BPS regulating lipid metabolism remains elusive. Water-soluble (WBPS) and alkali-soluble bitter melon polysaccharides (ABPS) were extracted to evaluate the fat-lowering bioactivities in HepG2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. WBPS and ABPS were slightly different in the uronic acid contents (22.23% and 5.69%), monosaccharide composition, molecular weight (Mw: 332 kDa and 1552 kDa, respectively) and IR spectra. In palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cell, the ABPS exhibited better effects on accelerating glucose consumption and decreasing the triglyceride content than WBPS via stimulating glucose consumption (GLUT4) and gluconeogenesis (PEPCK). In the model of glucose-treated C. elegans, we observed that both WBPS and ABPS obviously suppressed the fat accumulation, more significantly by ABPS, along with no toxicity towards some physical activities. Fat-5, fat-6 and fat-7 mediated fatty acid desaturases pathways were further confirmed to be involved in the lipid-lowering effects of BPSs. Our studies demonstrated that both WBPS and ABPS can exhibit effects on fat- lowering in HepG2 cells and C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Juan Bai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yurong Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yansheng Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ying Dong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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20
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Xu Y, Ma XY, Gong W, Li X, Huang HB, Zhu XM. Nanoparticles based on carboxymethylcellulose-modified rice protein for efficient delivery of lutein. Food Funct 2020; 11:2380-2394. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02439e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lutein, as a natural nutrient, has many benefits for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Xiao-Yu Ma
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Wei Gong
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Hai-Bo Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- China
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology
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