1
|
Wang P, Wang S, Wang D, Li Y, Yip RCS, Chen H. Postbiotics-peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, exopolysaccharides, surface layer protein and pili proteins-Structure, activity in wounds and their delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133195. [PMID: 38885869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wound healing is a pressing global public health concern. Abuse and drug resistance of antibiotics are the key problems in the treatment of chronic wounds at present. Postbiotics are a novel promising strategy. Previous studies have reported that postbiotics have a wide range of biological activities including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. However, several aspects related to these postbiotic activities remain unexplored or poorly known. Therefore, this work aims to outline general aspects and emerging trends in the use of postbiotics for wound healing, such as the production, characterization, biological activities and delivery strategies of postbiotics. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the physiological activities and structures of postbiotic biomolecules that contribute to wound healing is provided, such as peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, bacteriocins, exopolysaccharides, surface layer proteins, pili proteins, and secretory proteins (p40 and p75 proteins). Considering the presence of readily degradable components in postbiotics, potential natural polymer delivery materials and delivery systems are emphasized, followed by the potential applications and commercialization prospects of postbiotics. These findings suggest that the treatment of chronic wounds with postbiotic ingredients will help provide new insights into wound healing and better guidance for the development of postbiotic products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Donghui Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, 411 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luongo D, De Sena V, Maurano F, Rossi M. Modulation of Mouse Dendritic Cells In Vitro by Lactobacillus gasseri Postbiotic Proteins. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10292-6. [PMID: 38836988 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Different lactobacilli are probiotics for their beneficial effects that confer to the host. Recently, some of these effects were associated with released metabolic products/constituents (postbiotics). In the present study, the potential immunomodulatory capacity of the probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 cell-free supernatant (sup) was investigated in murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs). Bacteria induced significantly higher expression of all examined cytokines than those induced by the stimulatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) itself. On the contrary, sup only induced the anti-inflammatory IL-10 similarly to LPS, whereas IL-12 and IL-6 secretions were stimulated at a lower level. Moreover, sup reduced the surface expression of the analyzed co-stimulatory markers CD40, CD80, and CD86. Treatments of sup with different digestive enzymes indicated the proteinaceous nature of these immunomodulatory metabolites. Western blot and immunoadsorption analyzes revealed cross-reactivity of sup with the surface-layer proteins (SLPs) isolated from OLL2809. Therefore, we directly tested the ability of OLL2809 SLPs to stimulate specifically cytokine expression in iDCs. Interestingly, we found that all tested cytokines were induced by SLPs and in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, our results highlighted distinct immune properties between L. gasseri OLL2809 and its metabolites, supporting the concept that bacterial viability is not an essential prerequisite to exert immunomodulatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diomira Luongo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo De Sena
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Francesco Maurano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Mauro Rossi
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yoon KN, Lee SJ, Keum GB, Song KY, Park JH, Song BS, Yu SY, Cho JH, Kim ES, Doo H, Kwak J, Kim S, Eun JB, Lee JH, Kim HB, Lee JH, Kim JK. Characteristics of Lactococcus petauri GB97 lysate isolated from porcine feces and its in vitro and in vivo effects on inflammation, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota composition in mice. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0133423. [PMID: 38019021 PMCID: PMC10782967 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01334-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Weaning is a crucial step in piglet management to improve pork production. During the weaning phase, disruption of epithelial barrier function and intestinal inflammation can lead to decreased absorption of nutrients and diarrhea. Therefore, maintaining a healthy intestine, epithelial barrier function, and gut microbiota composition in this crucial phase is strategic for optimal weaning in pigs. We isolated a lysate of Lactococcus petauri GB97 (LPL97) from healthy porcine feces and evaluated its anti-inflammatory activities, barrier integrity, and gut microbial changes in LPS-induced murine macrophages and DSS-induced colitis mice. We found that LPL97 regulated the immune response by downregulating the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, LPL97 alleviated the disruption of intestinal epithelial integrity and gut microbiota dysbiosis in colitis mice. This study indicates that LPL97 has the potential to be developed as an alternative feed additive to antibiotics for the swine industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Nam Yoon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gi Beom Keum
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ki-Young Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jong-Heum Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Beom-Seok Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Seung Yeob Yu
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Eun Sol Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Hyunok Doo
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jinok Kwak
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Sheena Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jong-Bang Eun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ju Huck Lee
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hoon Lee
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han Y, Srinivasan S, Yun CC. Inhibition of protein kinase C-α and activation of ezrin by Lactobacillus acidophilus restore Na +/H + exchange activity and fluid absorption in db/db mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E214-E226. [PMID: 37467022 PMCID: PMC10511175 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00145.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) complications, including diarrhea, constipation, and gastroparesis, are common in patients with diabetes. Dysregulation of the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3 in the intestine is linked to diarrhea and constipation, and recent studies showed that NHE3 expression is reduced in type 1 diabetes and metformin causes diarrhea in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes (T2D) via inhibition of NHE3. In this study, we investigated whether NHE3 expression is altered in type 2 diabetic intestine and the underlying mechanism that dysregulates NHE3. NHE3 expression in the brush border membrane (BBM) of the intestine of diabetic mice and humans was decreased. Protein kinase C (PKC) activation is associated with pathologies of diabetes, and immunofluorescence (IF) analysis revealed increased BBM PKCα abundance. Inhibition of PKCα increased NHE3 BBM abundance and NHE3-mediated intestinal fluid absorption in db/db mice. Previous studies have shown that Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) stimulates intestinal ion transporters. LA increased NHE3 BBM expression and mitigated metformin-mediated inhibition of NHE3 in vitro and in vivo. To understand the underlying mechanism of LA-mediated stimulation of NHE3, we used Caco-2bbe cells overexpressing PKCα that mimic the elevated state of PKCα in T2D. LA diminished PKCα BBM expression, increased phosphorylation of ezrin, and the interaction of NHE3 with NHE regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2). In addition, inhibition of PKCι blocked phosphorylation of ezrin and activation of NHE3 by LA. These findings demonstrate that NHE3 is downregulated in T2D, and LA restores NHE3 expression via regulation of PKCα, PKCι, and ezrin.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used mouse models of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and human patient-derived samples to show that Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) expression is decreased in T2D. We show that protein kinase C-α (PKCα) is activated in diabetes and inhibition of PKCα increased NHE3 expression and mitigates diarrhea. We show that Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) stimulates NHE3 via inhibition of PKCα and phosphorylation of ezrin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Han
- Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - C Chris Yun
- Gastroenterology Research, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lê A, Mantel M, Marchix J, Bodinier M, Jan G, Rolli-Derkinderen M. Inflammatory bowel disease therapeutic strategies by modulation of the microbiota: how and when to introduce pre-, pro-, syn-, or postbiotics? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G523-G553. [PMID: 36165557 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00002.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), a heterogeneous group of inflammatory conditions that encompass both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, represent a major public health concern. The etiology of IBD is not yet fully understood and no cure is available, with current treatments only showing long-term effectiveness in a minority of patients. A need to increase our knowledge on IBD pathophysiology is growing, to define preventive measures, to improve disease outcome, and to develop new effective and lasting treatments. IBD pathogenesis is sustained by aberrant immune responses, associated with alterations of the intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB), modifications of the enteric nervous system, and changes in microbiota composition. Currently, most of the treatments target the inflammation and the immune system, but holistic approaches targeting lifestyle and diet improvements are emerging. As dysbiosis is involved in IBD pathogenesis, pre-, pro-, syn-, and postbiotics are used/tested to reduce the inflammation or strengthen the IEB. The present review will resume these works, pointing out the stage of life, the duration, and the environmental conditions that should go along with microbiota or microbiota-derived treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Lê
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Nantes Université, Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes, France
| | - Marine Mantel
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Nantes Université, Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf, Agrocampus Ouest, Institut Agro, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Rennes, France
| | - Justine Marchix
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Nantes Université, Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes, France
| | - Marie Bodinier
- Unité de Recherche 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, I Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
| | - Gwénaël Jan
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf, Agrocampus Ouest, Institut Agro, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Rennes, France
| | - Malvyne Rolli-Derkinderen
- The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Nantes Université, Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bhatia R, Sharma S, Bhadada SK, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK. Lactic Acid Bacterial Supplementation Ameliorated the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Gut Inflammation and Dysbiosis in Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:930928. [PMID: 35770157 PMCID: PMC9235405 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.930928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gut-transmitted endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria, causes inflammatory diseases leading to the loss of gut barrier integrity and has been identified as a major pathogenic stimulator in many dysfunctions. Hence, supplementation with probiotics is believed to be one of the most effective strategies for treating many inflammatory gut disorders. Although probiotics are known to have a variety of therapeutic characteristics and to play a beneficial role in host defense responses, the molecular mechanisms by which they achieve these beneficial effects are unknown due to species- and strain-specific behaviors. Therefore, in this study, the protective role of five indigenous lactic acid bacterial strains in ameliorating LPS-induced gut barrier impairment in the C57BL/6 mice model was elucidated. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LAB3, Levilactobacillus brevis LAB20, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB31 were isolated from infant feces; Pediococcus acidilactici LAB8 from fermented food (Bekang); and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB39 from beetroot. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg of body weight) increased the levels of lipocalin and serum markers TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and the overall disease activity index in the treated group. Furthermore, gene expression of NF-kB, IL-12, and Cox-2; mucin-producing genes Muc-2 and Muc-4; and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) was deleteriously altered in the ileum of LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, LPS also induced dysbiosis in gut microbiota where higher abundances of Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Salmonella and decreased abundances of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Roseburia, and Akkermansia were observed. Western blotting results also suggested that LPS treatment causes the loss of gut barrier integrity relative to the pre-supplementation with LAB strains, which enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins and ameliorated the LPS-induced changes and inflammation. Taken together, the study suggested that LAB3 and LAB39 were more potent in ameliorating LPS-induced gut inflammation and dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Bhatia
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Regional Centre of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Regional Centre of Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
- *Correspondence: Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-7555
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fu M, Mao K, Gao J, Wang X, Sadiq FA, Li J, Sang Y. Characteristics of surface layer protein from Lactobacillus kefiri HBA20 and the role in mediating interactions with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y8. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 201:254-261. [PMID: 34952095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the surface layer protein (SLP) from Lactobacillus kefiri HBA20 was characterized. The SLP was extracted by 5 M LiCl. The molecular mass of the SLP was approximately 64 kDa as analyzed via SDS-PAGE. The surface morphology and the adhesion potential of L. kefiri HBA20 in the absence and presence of SLP were measured by AFM. Moreover, the protein secondary structure was evaluated by using circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. SLP had high β-sheet contents and low content of α-helix. Thermal analysis of SLP of Lactobacillus kefiri HBA20 exhibited one transition peak at 129.64 °C. Furthermore, SEM measurements were showed that after the SLP were removed from the cell surface, the coaggregation ability with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y8 of the strain was significantly reduced. In conclusion, the SLP of Lactobacillus kefiri HBA20 has a stable structure and the ability of adhesion to yeast. Molecular docking study revealed that mannan bind with the hydrophobic residues of SLP. Our results will help further understanding of the new surface layer protein and the interaction between L. kefiri and S. cerevisiae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Fu
- Collage of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Kemin Mao
- Collage of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Collage of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- Collage of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Jiale Li
- Collage of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- Collage of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
| |
Collapse
|