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Mosaddad SA, Hussain A, Tebyaniyan H. Green Alternatives as Antimicrobial Agents in Mitigating Periodontal Diseases: A Narrative Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1269. [PMCID: PMC10220622 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases and dental caries are the most common infectious oral diseases impacting oral health globally. Oral cavity health is crucial for enhancing life quality since it serves as the entranceway to general health. The oral microbiome and oral infectious diseases are strongly correlated. Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria have been associated with periodontal diseases. Due to the shortcomings of several antimicrobial medications frequently applied in dentistry, the lack of resources in developing countries, the prevalence of oral inflammatory conditions, and the rise in bacterial antibiotic resistance, there is a need for reliable, efficient, and affordable alternative solutions for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Several accessible chemical agents can alter the oral microbiota, although these substances also have unfavorable symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and tooth discoloration. Natural phytochemicals generated from plants that have historically been used as medicines are categorized as prospective alternatives due to the ongoing quest for substitute products. This review concentrated on phytochemicals or herbal extracts that impact periodontal diseases by decreasing the formation of dental biofilms and plaques, preventing the proliferation of oral pathogens, and inhibiting bacterial adhesion to surfaces. Investigations examining the effectiveness and safety of plant-based medicines have also been presented, including those conducted over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran;
| | - Ahmed Hussain
- School of Dentistry, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Hamid Tebyaniyan
- Science and Research Branch, Islimic Azade University, Tehran 14878-92855, Iran
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Al-Hamoudi N, Ahmed Y, Al Rifaiy MQ, Alwithanani N, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Efficacy of surgical periodontal treatment with and without photobiomodulation in the treatment of severe periodontitis: An evaluation of periodontal, microbiological, and cytokine levels. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103494. [PMID: 36871808 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the efficacy of surgical periodontal treatment (SPT) alone and PDT-assisted surgery in participants with severe periodontitis MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present clinical trial was completed by 64 participants (n=32 each). The selection was made according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients in group A were treated with SPT only and participants in group B were treated with SPT adjunct to PDT. Microbiological assessment of P.Gingivalis; T. Forsythia and T.Denticola were evaluated using cultural analysis and periodontal parameters plaque score (PSc), bleeding on probing (BoP) periodontal depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) at baseline and post-treatment at 6 months and 12 months were performed. The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected for the estimation of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For intra-group comparison and post hoc correction, Student's t-test along with Bonferroni was used. For the difference between follow-ups, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) multiple rank tests were incorporated. RESULTS The mean age of participants in the SPT group was 55.25±4.6yrs. Whereas, participants treated with PDT adjunct to SPT were 54.88±3.6yrs. Periodontal parameters (BoP, PD, PSc, CAL) showed no significant difference at baseline. At 6 months and 12 months follow-up, a significant difference in all parameters (BoP, PD, PSc, and CAL) was found in participants treated with SPT alone and PDT adjunct to SPT (p<0.05). Inflammatory biomarkers at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, a statistically significant difference in the level of biomarkers (IL-1β and TNF-α) were observed in both groups from baseline (p<0.05). However, at baseline, no significant difference was noted in both groups (p> 0.05). The microbiological assessment showed a significant drop in the bacterial count in participants treated with both regimes i.e., SPT alone and PDT adjunct to SPT. CONCLUSION Photodynamic therapy (PDT) adjunct to surgical periodontal treatment (SPT) in severe periodontitis improves microbiological and periodontal parameters and lowers the level of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawwaf Al-Hamoudi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yassir Ahmed
- Department of General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Q Al Rifaiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Alwithanani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
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Perez-Pacheco CG, Fernandes NAR, Camilli AC, Ferrarezi DP, Silva AF, Zunareli MC, Amantino CF, Primo FL, Guimarães-Stabilli MR, Junior CR. Local administration of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles enhances periodontal repair in vivo. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:311-321. [PMID: 36326894 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to assess the influence of local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles on an experimental model of periodontal repair. Periodontitis was induced by ligatures on both lower first molars of rats. After 15 days, ligatures were removed ("treatment") and animals were randomly allocated to three experimental groups (n = 8/group): (i) 0.05 mg/ml curcumin-loaded nanoparticles, (ii) empty nanoparticles (vehicle control), and (iii) sterile saline (negative control). Experimental treatments were administered locally on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 after ligature removal. Animals were euthanized at 7 and 14 days. Bone repair was assessed by microcomputer tomography (µCT). Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin (H/E), Picrosirius Red, and Masson's trichrome. Expression of Runx-2 was studied by immunohistochemistry. Gene expression of Itgam, Arg1, and Inos was assessed by RT-qPCR. At 7 days, there was increased gene expression of Itgam and Arg1 and of the relative expression of Arg1/Inos in curcumin-treated animals, but no difference in any other outcomes. At 14 days, curcumin-loaded nanoparticles significantly increased bone repair and collagen content, as well as the number of osteocytes, percentage of extracellular matrix, and expression of Runx2. The results demonstrate that local administration of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles enhanced tissue repair in an experimental model of periodontal repair. Nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin enhances early post-treatment repair of periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Grace Perez-Pacheco
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil.,Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Natalie Aparecida Rodrigues Fernandes
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Angelo Constantino Camilli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Danilo Paschoal Ferrarezi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda Favoreto Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Mayara Cristina Zunareli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Camila Fernanda Amantino
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Lucas Primo
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Morgana Rodrigues Guimarães-Stabilli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rossa Junior
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil.
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Windra Sari A, Widyaningrum R, yana M. Photoacoustic Imaging for Periodontal Disease Examination. J Lasers Med Sci 2022; 13:e37. [PMID: 36743133 PMCID: PMC9841387 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2022.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: After caries, periodontal tissue inflammation (periodontitis) is the most common oral health problem. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a new technique that uses simple components such as a diode laser and a condenser microphone. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a simple PAI system in periodontal disease imaging by using an animal model. Methods: Normal periodontal and periodontitis tissues were obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats categorized as the control group, treatment group 1 (7 days of periodontitis induction), treatment group 2 (11 days of periodontitis induction), and treatment group 3 (14 days of periodontitis induction). The PAI system was controlled by LabVIEW and Arduino IDE software from a personal computer. Results: Results revealed that the optimal frequency of laser modulation for periodontal tissue imaging was 19 kHz with a duty cycle of 50%. The photoacoustic (PA) intensity of periodontal tissues was -68.71 dB for treatment group 3, -70.34 dB for treatment group 2, -71.69 dB for treatment group 1, and --73.07 dB for the control group. PA image analysis showed that the PA intensity from periodontal disease groups was higher than the control group. Conclusion: This study indicates the feasibility of using a simple PAI system to differentiate normal periodontal tissues from periodontitis tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atika Windra Sari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rini Widyaningrum
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Denta, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia,Correspondence to Rini Widyaningrum,
| | - Mitra yana
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, Indonesia,Correspondence to Rini Widyaningrum,
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Local and systemic effects produced in different models of experimental periodontitis in mice: a systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 143:105528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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THE EFFECT OF COENZYME Q10 ON PERIODONTITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL TRIALS. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2022; 22:101710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Anti-Periodontopathogenic Ability of Mangrove Leaves (Aegiceras corniculatum) Ethanol Extract: In silico and in vitro study. Eur J Dent 2022; 17:46-56. [PMID: 35453169 PMCID: PMC9949921 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mangrove (Aegiceras corniculatum) is an abundant natural marine resource of Indonesia, which can be explored for treating periodontal disease due to its potential as immunoregulatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the active compound from Indonesian mangrove leaf extract (A. corniculatum) (MLE) for developing a herbal-based mouthwash through in silico and in vitro studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemistry and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) were done to explore the active compounds in MLE. Chemistry screening and interaction, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), molecular docking simulation, and visualization of MLE active compounds as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial were investigated in silico The inhibition zone of MLE against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) as periodontopathogenic bacterias was performed by diffusion method. Doxycycline 100 mg was used as a positive control, as a treatment group, there were five groups, namely 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% MLE. RESULTS Alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, tannin, and quinone were detected in MLE. A high concentration of (-)epicatechin and coumaric acid (CA) were found in MLE. MLE in 100% concentration has the most effective ability to inhibit Fn, Pg, Aa growth in vitro. (-)-Epicatechin has a higher negative binding affinity than CA that can enhance heat shock protein (HSP)-30, HSP-70, HSP-90, interleukin-10, and FOXP3 and also inhibit interleukin-6, peptidoglycan, flagellin, and dectin in silico. CONCLUSION MLE of A. corniculatum has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities that can be a potential raw material for developing a herbal-based mouthwash.
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