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Xu M, Shao Q, Zhou Y, Yu Y, Wang S, Wang A, Cai Y. Potential effects of specific gut microbiota on periodontal disease: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1322947. [PMID: 38314435 PMCID: PMC10834673 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1322947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontal disease (PD) presents a substantial global health challenge, encompassing conditions from reversible gingivitis to irreversible periodontitis, often culminating in tooth loss. The gut-oral axis has recently emerged as a focal point, with potential gut microbiota dysbiosis exacerbating PD. Methods In this study, we employed a double-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomized (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between specific gut microbiota and periodontal disease (PD) and bleeding gum (BG) development, while exploring the interplay between periodontal health and the gut microenvironment. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with two cohorts, totalling 346,731 (PD and control) and 461,113 (BG and control) participants, along with data from 14,306 participants' intestinal flora GWAS, encompassing 148 traits (31 families and 117 genera). Three MR methods were used to assess causality, with the in-verse-variance-weighted (IVW) measure as the primary outcome. Cochrane's Q test, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO global tests were used to detect heterogeneity and pleiotropy. The leave-one-out method was used to test the stability of the MR results. An F-statistic greater than 10 was accepted for instrument exposure association. Results and conclusion Specifically, Eubacterium xylanophilum and Lachnoclostridium were associated with reduced gum bleeding risk, whereas Anaerotruncus, Eisenbergiella, and Phascolarctobacterium were linked to reduced PD risk. Conversely, Fusicatenibacter was associated with an elevated risk of PD. No significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected. In conclusion, our MR analysis pinpointed specific gut flora with causal connections to PD, offering potential avenues for oral health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Shao
- IT Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinglu Zhou
- Nursing Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yili Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuwei Wang
- Dental Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center of Jiading District, Shanghai, China
| | - An Wang
- Shanghai Jingan Dental Clinic, Shanghai, China
| | - Yida Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kuramitsu K, Kadota Y, Watanabe A, Endo A, Shimomura Y, Kitaura Y. The Effects of 1-Kestose on the Abundance of Inflammation-Related Gene mRNA in Adipose Tissue and the Gut Microbiota Composition in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2024; 70:311-317. [PMID: 39218692 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.70.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is thought to contribute to insulin resistance, which involves the gut microbiota. Our previous studies have demonstrated that ingestion of 1-kestose can alter the gut microbiota composition, increase cecal butyrate levels, and improve insulin resistance in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. Additionally, we found that 1-kestose supplementation ameliorated insulin resistance in obese rat models fed a high-fat diet (HFD), although the effects of 1-kestose on the abundance of inflammation-related gene in adipose tissue and gut microbiota composition in these rats were not explored. This study aimed to investigate the impact of 1-kestose on these parameters in HFD-fed rats, compared to OLETF rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two dietary groups, control or HFD, for 19 wk. Each group was further subdivided to receive either tap water or tap water supplemented with 2% (w/v) 1-kestose throughout the study. We evaluated gene expression in adipose tissue, as well as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels and microbial composition in the cecum contents. 1-Kestose intake restored the increased relative abundance of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf) mRNA in adipose tissue and the reduced level of butyrate in the cecum contents of HFD-fed rats to those observed in control diet-fed rats. Additionally, 1-kestose consumption changed the composition of the gut microbiota, increasing Butyricicoccus spp., decreasing UGC-005 and Streptococcus spp., in the cecum contents of HFD-fed rats. Our findings suggest that 1-kestose supplementation reduces adipose tissue inflammation and increases butyrate levels in the gut of HFD-fed rats, associated with changes in the gut microbiota composition, distinct from those seen in OLETF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Kuramitsu
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
| | | | - Ayako Watanabe
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
| | - Akihito Endo
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture
| | | | - Yasuyuki Kitaura
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
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Kim J, Kim EJ, Ko HJ, Lee YH, Hong SK, Shin M, Lee JH, Kwak W. Construction of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) mutants that exclusively produce NA4/NA6 intermediates of agarose metabolism through mutation induction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18968. [PMID: 37923760 PMCID: PMC10624881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NA4/NA6, an intermediate degradation product of β-agarase, is a high value-added product with anticancer, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects. Therefore, a method that enables the efficient production of NA4/NA6 would be useful from economic and medical perspectives. In this study, we aimed to generate a Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) mutant M22-2C43 that produces NA4/NA6 as a final product; this method serves as a more efficient alternative to the enzymatic conversion of β-agarase for the generation of these products. The M22-2C43 strain was generated through two rounds of mutagenesis and screening for increased β-agarase activity and effective production of NA4/NA6. We assembled the complete genomes of two mutants, M22 and M22-2C43, which were identified following a two-round screening. Large and small genetic changes were found in these two mutants, including the loss of two plasmids present in wild-type S. coelicolor A3(2) and chromosome circularization of mutant M22-2C43. These findings suggest that mutant M22-2C43 can produce NA4/NA6 as a degradation product due to functional inactivation of the dagB gene through a point mutation (G474A), ultimately preventing further degradation of NA4/NA6 to NA2. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a microbial strain that can effectively produce NA4/NA6 as the main degradation product of β-agarase, opening the door for the use of this species for the large-scale production of this valuable product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Kim
- Dyne Bio Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggido, 13209, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jeong Ko
- Dyne Bio Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggido, 13209, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Lee
- Dyne Bio Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggido, 13209, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Kwang Hong
- Department of Biological Science and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-Ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, 17058, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Miyoung Shin
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Je Hyeon Lee
- Dyne Bio Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggido, 13209, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woori Kwak
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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Ahmad J, Khan I, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF. The gut microbiome in the fight against obesity: The potential of dietary factors. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23258. [PMID: 37843880 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300864rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity as a global public health burden has experienced a drastic growing trend recently. The management of obesity is challenging because of its complex etiology, and various factors are involved in its development, such as genetic and environmental factors. Different approaches are available to treat and/or manage obesity, including diet, physical activity, lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery. However, some of these approaches have inherent limitations and are closely associated with adverse effects. Therefore, probing into a novel/safe approach to treat and/or manage obesity is of fundamental importance. One such approach gaining renewed interest is the potential role of gut microbiota in obesity and its effectiveness in treating this condition. However, there is a dearth of comprehensive compilation of data on the potential role of the gut microbiome in obesity, particularly regarding dietary factors as a therapeutic approach. Therefore, this review aims to provide an updated overview of the role of gut microbiota in obesity, further highlighting the importance of dietary factors, particularly diet, prebiotics, and probiotics, as potential complementary and/or alternative therapeutic options. Moreover, the association of gut microbiota with obese or lean individuals has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Ahmad
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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Xie L, Chi X, Wang H, Dai A, Dong J, Liu S, Zhang D. Mechanism of action of buckwheat quercetin in regulating lipid metabolism and intestinal flora via Toll-like receptor 4 or nuclear factor κB pathway in rats on a high-fat diet. Nutrition 2023; 115:112148. [PMID: 37541145 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Buckwheat quercetin (QUE) was used as a dietary supplement to investigate the mechanism of QUE on the regulation of lipid metabolism and intestinal flora in hyperlipidemic rats. METHODS Here, using a high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia model, the intervention was carried out by gavage of QUE at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. Serum lipid levels, liver biochemical parameters, and histopathologic changes in the liver and intestinal microorganisms were measured in rats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hematoxylin-eosin, and high-throughput sequencing, respectively. RESULTS Our results found that QUE, at a dose of 200 mg/kg, significantly reduced body weight, liver index, and lipid levels in rats (P < 0.05); improved hepatic oxidative stress; and repaired liver injury. In addition, the upregulation of beneficial bacteria, such as christensenellaceae and Bifidobacterium, in the organism increased the content of short-chain fatty acids, thus interfering with intestinal pH and improving the intestinal environment, while downregulating the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, and regulating the overproduction of butyrate. The real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction results found that QUE inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) mRNA content and blocked the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thus affecting the downregulation of lipid levels and restoring intestinal homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS A QUE dose of 200 mg/kg may improve lipid levels and the composition of intestinal flora through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, suggesting that proteobacteria and christensenellaceae abundance changes may be biomarkers of potential diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xie
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoxing Chi
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China; National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Helin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Anna Dai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiaping Dong
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shufan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China; National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Baek HI, Ha KC, Park YK, Lee JH, Kim EJ, Ko HJ, Joo JC. Anti-obesity effect of Neoagaro-oligosaccharides with overweight and obese subjects: a 16-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:368. [PMID: 37858097 PMCID: PMC10585797 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04206-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This trial aimed to evaluate the anti-obesity effects and safety of Neoagaro-oligosaccharides (NAOs) in humans in a 16 week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. METHODS One hundred overweight or obese subjects with a body mass index of 23 to 34.9 kg/m2 and a percent body fat of > 25% for males or > 30% for females were enrolled. NAOs or placebo products were administered at 3 g (twice a day, four capsules once) each for 16 weeks. Efficacy and safety biomarkers were measured before and after intervention. RESULTS After 16 weeks of intervention, the group administered with NAOs had statistically significant decreases in visceral fat area and visceral-subcutaneous fat area ratio compared to the placebo group. The NAOs group suppressed the increase in weight and BMI compared to the placebo group, which was significant between groups. High-density lipoprotein- cholesterol was increased in the group administered with NAOs, which showed a significant trend compared to the placebo group. Clinical changes were not observed for any safety biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that NAOs have a beneficial effect on obesity. Thus, NAOs could be used as an anti-obesity supplement without side effects. TRIAL REGISTRATION cris.nih.go.kr: (KCT0006640, 07/10/2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Im Baek
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Woosuk University, Wanju, 55338, Republic of Korea
- Healthcare Claims & Management Inc, Jeonju, 54858, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chan Ha
- Healthcare Claims & Management Inc, Jeonju, 54858, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Park
- Healthcare Claims & Management Inc, Jeonju, 54858, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eun Joo Kim
- Dyne Bio Inc, Sungnam, 13209, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jong Cheon Joo
- Department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea.
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Zhou W, Liu P, Xu W, Ran L, Yan Y, Lu L, Zeng X, Cao Y, Mi J. A purified fraction of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. improves glucose homeostasis and intestinal barrier function in high-fat diet-fed mice. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37203380 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00262d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption can induce intestinal barrier dysfunction and disrupt glucose metabolism. Our previous studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides obtained from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs) could suppress acute experimental diabetes as well as colitis in mice. In the present study, the modulating effects of a purified fraction of LBPs, named LBPs-4, on glucose homeostasis and intestinal barrier function in mice fed with a HFD were investigated. Our results indicated that the oral administration of LBP-4 (200 mg per kg per day) improved hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and islet β-cell hyperplasia in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, LBPs-4 intervention enhanced the intestinal barrier integrity by increasing the expression levels of zonula occludens 1 and claudin-1 and the number of goblet cells in the colon. LBPs-4 also modulated the composition of gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundances of butyrate producer Allobaculum and acetate producer Romboutsia. The results of fecal transplantation experiments, transferring of microbiota from LBPs-4-fed donor mice to HFD-fed recipient mice, validated the cause-effect relationship between LBPs-4-evoked changes in the gut microbiota and improvement of glucose homeostasis and intestinal barrier function. Collectively, these findings suggested that LBPs-4 might be developed as promising prebiotics to improve glucose metabolism and gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangting Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peiyun Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weiqi Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Linwu Ran
- Laboratory Animal Center of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jia Mi
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
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Cammann D, Lu Y, Cummings MJ, Zhang ML, Cue JM, Do J, Ebersole J, Chen X, Oh EC, Cummings JL, Chen J. Genetic correlations between Alzheimer's disease and gut microbiome genera. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5258. [PMID: 37002253 PMCID: PMC10066300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the human gut microbiota is associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) via neuroinflammatory processes across the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota affects brain health through the secretion of toxins and short-chain fatty acids, which modulates gut permeability and numerous immune functions. Observational studies indicate that AD patients have reduced microbiome diversity, which could contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Uncovering the genetic basis of microbial abundance and its effect on AD could suggest lifestyle changes that may reduce an individual's risk for the disease. Using the largest genome-wide association study of gut microbiota genera from the MiBioGen consortium, we used polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses with the "best-fit" model implemented in PRSice-2 and determined the genetic correlation between 119 genera and AD in a discovery sample (ADc12 case/control: 1278/1293). To confirm the results from the discovery sample, we next repeated the PRS analysis in a replication sample (GenADA case/control: 799/778) and then performed a meta-analysis with the PRS results from both samples. Finally, we conducted a linear regression analysis to assess the correlation between the PRSs for the significant genera and the APOE genotypes. In the discovery sample, 20 gut microbiota genera were initially identified as genetically associated with AD case/control status. Of these 20, three genera (Eubacterium fissicatena as a protective factor, Collinsella, and Veillonella as a risk factor) were independently significant in the replication sample. Meta-analysis with discovery and replication samples confirmed that ten genera had a significant correlation with AD, four of which were significantly associated with the APOE rs429358 risk allele in a direction consistent with their protective/risk designation in AD association. Notably, the proinflammatory genus Collinsella, identified as a risk factor for AD, was positively correlated with the APOE rs429358 risk allele in both samples. Overall, the host genetic factors influencing the abundance of ten genera are significantly associated with AD, suggesting that these genera may serve as biomarkers and targets for AD treatment and intervention. Our results highlight that proinflammatory gut microbiota might promote AD development through interaction with APOE. Larger datasets and functional studies are required to understand their causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis Cammann
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Yimei Lu
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Melika J Cummings
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Mark L Zhang
- Columbia University, West 116 St and Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Joan Manuel Cue
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Jenifer Do
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Jeffrey Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Edwin C Oh
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Precision Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, UNLV School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Cummings
- Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jingchun Chen
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
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Wang S, Zhang B, Chang X, Zhao H, Zhang H, Zhao T, Qi H. Potential use of seaweed polysaccharides as prebiotics for management of metabolic syndrome: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7707-7727. [PMID: 36971135 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2191135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Seaweed polysaccharides (SPs) obtained from seaweeds are a class of functional prebiotics. SPs can regulate glucose and lipid anomalies, affect appetite, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and therefore have great potential for managing metabolic syndrome (MetS). SPs are poorly digested by the human gastrointestinal tract but are available to the gut microbiota to produce metabolites and exert a series of positive effects, which may be the mechanism by which SPs render their anti-MetS effects. This article reviews the potential of SPs as prebiotics in the management of MetS-related metabolic disturbances. The structure of SPs and studies related to the process of their degradation by gut bacteria and their therapeutic effects on MetS are highlighted. In summary, this review provides new perspectives on SPs as prebiotics to prevent and treat MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, PR China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xintao Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haojun Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huimin Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, PR China
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Industrial and Ruminant Trans-Fatty Acids-Enriched Diets Differentially Modulate the Microbiome and Fecal Metabolites in C57BL/6 Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061433. [PMID: 36986163 PMCID: PMC10052023 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrially originated trans-fatty acids (I-tFAs), such as elaidic acid (EA), and ruminant trans-fatty acids (R-tFAs), such as trans-palmitoleic acid (TPA), may have opposite effects on metabolic health. The objective was to compare the effects of consuming 2–3% I-tFA or R-tFA on the gut microbiome and fecal metabolite profile in mice after 7 and 28 days. Forty C57BL/6 mice were assigned to one of the four prepared formulations: lecithin nanovesicles, lecithin nanovesicles with EA or TPA, or water. Fecal samples and animals’ weights were collected on days 0, 7, and 28. Fecal samples were used to determine gut microbiome profiles by 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolite concentrations by GC/MS. At 28 days, TPA intake decreased the abundance of Staphylococcus sp55 but increased Staphylococcus sp119. EA intake also increased the abundance of Staphylococcus sp119 but decreased Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Lachnospiraceae, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 at 28 days. Fecal short-chain fatty acids were increased after TPA while decreased after EA after 7 and 28 days. This study shows that TPA and EA modify the abundance of specific microbial taxa and fecal metabolite profiles in distinct ways.
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11
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Structural Characterization and Anti-Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Effect of High-Sulfated Ulva pertusa Polysaccharide. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010062. [PMID: 36678559 PMCID: PMC9865482 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The high-sulfated derivative of Ulva pertusa polysaccharide (HU), with unclear structure, has better anti-hyperlipidmia activity than U pertusa polysaccharide ulvan (U). In this study, we explore the main structure of HU and its therapeutic effect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The main structure of HU was elucidated using FT-IR and NMR (13C, 1H, COSY, HSQC, HMBC). The anti-NAFLD activity of HU was explored using the high-fat diet mouse model to detect indicators of blood lipid and liver function and observe the pathologic changes in epididymal fat and the liver. Results showed that HU had these main structural fragments: →4)-β-D-Glcp(1→4)-α-L-Rhap2,3S(1→; →4)-α-L-Rhap3S(1→4)-β-D-Xylp2,3S(1→; →4)-α-L-Rhap3S(1→4)-β-D-Xylp(1→; →4)-α-L-IdopA3S(1→4)-α-L-Rhap3S(1→; →4)-β-D-GlcpA(1→3)-α-L-Rhap(1→; →4)-α-L-IdopA3S(1→4)-β-D-Glcp3Me(1→; →4)-β-D-Xylp2,3S(1→4)-α-L-IdopA3S(1→; and →4)-β-D-Xylp(1→4)-α-L-IdopA3S(1→. Treatment results indicated that HU markedly decreased levels of TC, LDL-C, TG, and AST. Furthermore, lipid droplets in the liver were reduced, and the abnormal enlargement of epididymal fat cells was suppressed. Thus, HU appears to have a protective effect on the development of NAFLD.
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Aspergillus niger fermented Tartary buckwheat ameliorates obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis through the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway in high-fat diet mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Thinned peach polyphenols alleviate obesity in high fat mice by affecting gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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