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Pal S, Das D, Bhunia S. p-Toluenesulfonic acid-promoted organic transformations for the generation of molecular complexity. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1527-1579. [PMID: 38275082 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01766d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Since the beginning of this century, p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) catalysed organic transformations have been an active area of research for developing efficient synthetic methodologies. Often, catalysis using p-TSA is associated with many advantages, such as operational simplicity, high selectivity, excellent yields, and ease of product isolation, which make organic synthesis convenient and versatile. Notably, p-TSA is a non-toxic, commercially available, inexpensive solid organic compound that is soluble in water, alcohols, and other polar organic solvents. p-TSA is a strong acid compared to many protic or mineral acids and its high acidity helps activate different organic functional groups. p-TSA-promoted conversions are fast, have a high atom and pot economy, and feature a multiple bond-forming index. Therefore, the utilization of p-TSA enables the synthesis of many important structural scaffolds without any hazardous metals, making it desirable in numerous applications of sustainable and green chemistry. Recently, this emerging area of research has become one of the pillars of synthetic organic chemistry to synthesise biologically relevant, complex carbocycles and heterocycles. This study provides a comprehensive summary of methods, applications, and mechanistic insights into p-TSA-catalysed organic transformations, covering the literature reports that have appeared since 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, India.
| | - Debjit Das
- Department of Chemistry, Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
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Harry NA, Ujwaldev SM, Aneeja T, Anilkumar G. A Comprehensive Overview of Perimidines: Synthesis, Chemical Transformations, and Applications. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201124141506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Perimidines are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds with a wide range of
biological and material properties. Several synthetic transformations on perimidines afford
fused heterocycles. This review focuses on every aspect of perimidines, including different
synthetic procedures, reactions and applications, and covers the literature published up to the
year 2020, using more than 170 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissy Ann Harry
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India
| | - Sankuviruthiyil M. Ujwaldev
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India
| | - Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O. Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India
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Sahiba N, Sethiya A, Soni J, Agarwal S. Metal Free Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Carbon Catalyst for Green and Mechanochemical Synthesis of Perimidines. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Sahiba
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur(Raj.) 313001 India
| | - Ayushi Sethiya
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur(Raj.) 313001 India
| | - Jay Soni
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur(Raj.) 313001 India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry, MLSU Udaipur(Raj.) 313001 India
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4
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Farghaly TA, Al-Hussain SA, Muhammad ZA, Abdallah MA, Zaki MEA. Synthesis and Reactions of Perimidines and Their Fused Systems. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200622113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Perimidines are peri-naphtho-fused derivatives of pyrimidine. They are of particular
interest as they are a rare example of an azine in which the lone pair of electrons of
pyrrole-like nitrogen participates in the π-system of the molecule. Perimidine is an interesting
class of heterocyclic compounds. Various synthetic analogs of perimidines have been
prepared and evaluated for many pharmacological activities in different models with desired
findings. They exhibit biological activities as antitumor, antiulcer, antimicrobial, and antifungal
agents. This review is an attempt to organize the synthesis and chemical reactions of
perimidine analogs reported to date systematically since 1955. It should be noted that this
review is the first one that includes the preparation and reactions of the perimidine ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Sami A. Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeinab A. Muhammad
- Department of Organic Chemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Magda A. Abdallah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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Harry NA, Shilpa T, Ujwaldev SM, Anilkumar G. A novel eco‐friendly on‐water protocol for the synthesis of 2,2‐disubstituted 2,
3‐dihydro‐1
H
‐perimidines. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nissy Ann Harry
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India
| | - Thomas Shilpa
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India
| | | | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC) Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India
- Institute for Integrated programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS) Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India
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Sahiba N, Agarwal S. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Perimidines and their Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:44. [PMID: 32776212 PMCID: PMC7415412 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Perimidines are versatile scaffolds and a fascinating class of N-heterocycles that have evolved significantly in recent years due to their immense applications in life sciences, medical sciences, and industrial chemistry. Their ability of molecular interaction with different proteins, complex formation with metals, and distinct behavior in various ranges of light makes them more appealing and challenging for future scientists. Various novel technologies have been developed for the selective synthesis of perimidines and their conjugated derivatives. These methods extend to the preparation of different bioactive and industrially applicable molecules. This review aims to present the most recent advancements in perimidine synthesis under varied conditions like MW radiation, ultrasound, and grinding using different catalysts such as ionic liquids, acid, metal, and nanocatalyst and also under green environments like catalyst and solvent-free synthesis. The applications of perimidine derivatives in drug discovery, polymer chemistry, photo sensors, dye industries, and catalytic activity in organic synthesis are discussed in this survey. This article is expected to be a systematic, authoritative, and critical review on the chemistry of perimidines that compiles most of the state-of-art innovation in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Sahiba
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001 India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001 India
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Toan DN, Thanh ND, Truong MX, Thao NM. Synthesis of some 1H-1,5-benzodiazepine Series Containing Chromene Ring from α,β-Unsaturated Ketones of 6-Acetyl-5-Hydroxy-4-Methylcoumarin. Curr Org Synth 2020; 17:404-410. [PMID: 32294042 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200415152105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reaction of α,β-unsaturated ketones with o-phenylenediamine afforded corresponding 2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepines. OBJECTIVE α,β-Unsaturated ketones of 6-acetyl-5-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin are precursors for synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepines by a reaction with o-phenylenediamine. METHODS Enones of 6-acetyl-5-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin were prepared from this ketone and (un)substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of piperidine, triethylamine, or pyridine as a catalyst in absolute ethanol with 1:1 molar ratios, respectively. 2',3'-Dihydro-1H-1',5'-benzodiazepines were synthesized by using the reaction of these enones with o-phenylenediamine in absolute ethanol in the presence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. Their biological activities were evaluated using the disk diffusion method. RESULTS Seven new 2',3'-dihydro-1H-1',5'-benzodiazepines were obtained and their structures were confirmed by thin-layer chromatography, IR, NMR and MS spectra. Some synthesized benzodiazepines showed antibacterial and antifungal activities against Escherichia coli (Gram-(-) bacterium), Staphylococus epidermidis (Gram-(+) bacterium). Candida albicans (fungus). CONCLUSION The formation of enones from 6-acetyl-5-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and (un)substituted benzaldehydes could be catalyzed by piperidine, triethylamine, pyridine to afford similar yields. 2',3'-dihydro-1H- 1',5'-benzodiazepines have been synthesized from the aforementioned enones and o-phenylenediamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duong Ngoc Toan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Thai Nguyen University of Education, 20 Luong Ngoc Quyen, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dinh Thanh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam National University, Ha Noi), 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Mai Xuan Truong
- Faculty of Chemistry, Thai Nguyen University of Education, 20 Luong Ngoc Quyen, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Thao
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam National University, Ha Noi), 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Vietnam
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Bamoniri A, Fatemeh Mirjalili BB, Saleh S. Nano-γ-Al2O3/SbCl5: an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydroperimidines. RSC Adv 2018; 8:6178-6182. [PMID: 35539619 PMCID: PMC9078262 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-γ-Al2O3/SbCl5 as a new Lewis acid nano catalyst was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDS, BET and TGA techniques. Nano-γ-Al2O3/SbCl5 has been employed for synthesis of 2-substituted perimidines via reaction of naphthalene-1,8-diamine with various aldehydes at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. This protocol proffers several benefits including high yields, easy workup, short reaction times and simple reaction conditions. Nano-γ-Al2O3/SbCl5 as a new Lewis acid nano catalyst was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDS, BET and TGA techniques.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sepideh Saleh
- Departement of Org. Chem
- Faculty of Chem
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
- I. R. Iran
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Chemo-/regio-selective synthesis of 2-aryl-3-acetyl-2,4-dihydro-1H-5H-1,5-benzodiazepines using Lewis acid, CeCl3·7H2O. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bodaghifard MA, Asadbegi S, Bahrami Z. (Triazinediyl)bis sulfamic acid-functionalized silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization and application as an efficient catalyst for synthesis of mono-, bis-, tris- and spiro-perimidines. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-016-0985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kołodziej B, Morawiak M, Kamieński B, Schilf W. The structure investigations of dehydroacetic acid and 1,8-diaminonaphthalene condensation product by NMR, MS, and X-ray measurements. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Le TD, Nguyen KD, Nguyen VT, Truong T, Phan NT. 1,5-Benzodiazepine synthesis via cyclocondensation of 1,2-diamines with ketones using iron-based metal–organic framework MOF-235 as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Pleshchev MI, Das Gupta NV, Kuznetsov VV, Fedyanin IV, Kachala VV, Makhova NN. CAN-mediated new, regioselective one-pot access to bicyclic cationic structures with 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-4-ium core. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Farghaly TA, Abbas EMH, Dawood KM, El-Naggar TBA. Synthesis of 2-phenylazonaphtho[1,8-ef][1,4]diazepines and 9-(3-arylhydrazono)pyrrolo[1,2-a]perimidines as antitumor agents. Molecules 2014; 19:740-55. [PMID: 24406785 PMCID: PMC6271148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19010740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two series of naphtho[1,8-ef][1,4]diazepines and pyrrolo[1,2-a]perimidines were prepared starting from 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and hydrazonoyl chlorides. The structures of the products were determined on the basis of their spectral data and elemental analyses. The mechanism of formation of such products was also discussed. The prepared compounds were screened for their antitumor activity against three cell lines, namely, MCF-7, TK-10 and UACC-62, and some derivatives showed promising activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoraya A Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Eman M H Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Tarek B A El-Naggar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt.
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