Epidemiology and prognostic factors of open globe injuries in a Tunisian pediatric population

Comparing forceps and self-assembled intraocular rare earth magnet in removing metallic intraocular foreign bodies in 25-guage vitrectomy

PURPOSE

To compare the efficacy and efficiency of self-assembled intraocular rare earth magnet and forceps in removing intraocular foreign bodies(IOFBs) undergoing 25-gauge(G) pars plana vitrectomy.

METHODS

A total of 30 patients with metallic IOFB underwent 25-G PPV were enrolled into this study. Self-assembled intraocular rare earth magnet were used in 15 patients(bar group), and forceps were used in 15 patients(forceps group). Success rate of removing IOFB, time taken to remove IOFB, incidence of IOFB slippage and fall, iatrogenic retinal damages were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

There was no significant difference in success rate of removing IOFBs between the groups(93.3% and 100%, P > 0.99). The median time taken of removing FB was significantly shorter in bar group than in forceps group(112 and 295 s, P = 0.001). None of the patients in bar group had IOFB slippage and fall, or related iatrogenic retinal damage in the process of removal. In forceps group, IOFB slippage and fall during removal were observed in 7 of 15(47.6%) patients, related iatrogenic retinal injuries were recorded in 6 of 15(40.0%) patients, both were significantly higher than bar group(P = 0.003 and P = 0.017, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with forceps, the assembled intraocular magnet can greatly reduce the possibility of IOFB slippage and fall, prevent related iatrogenic retinal damage, and shorten the time taken to remove IOFB. The assembled intraocular magnet can be an useful tool in removing metallic IOFBs in PPV.

Discrepancy of eye injuries in mechanism, clinical features, and vision prognosis by different causative sports

Objective

To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of sports-related eye injuries in China, as well as how they differ depending on the sport or other specific factor that caused them.

Methods

Consecutive medical records from 2015 to 2019 of sports-related eye injuries from a standardized database in nine tertiary referral hospitals in China were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.

Results

A total of 377 eyes in 376 inpatients (mean age, 22.5 ± 7.3 years; men:women 15.4:1) were included. Soccer (46.8%), basketball (27.1%), and badminton (16.8%) were the top three sports that caused injury. Ball strikes (74.7%), physical collision (13.8%), and racket/equipment beating (9.0%) were the common specific causes of injury. Blunt force injuries (95.8%) and close globe injuries (95.1%) accounted for the majority of injuries. Open globe injuries occurred more in basketball (8.3%) than in other sports, mainly due to physical collision (12.8%) and racket/equipment beating (11.8%). Basketball (13.4%) or physical collision (21.3%) caused Zone I injuries more frequently than other sports. Soccer (60.5%) and basketball (54.6%) caused more injuries to the posterior segment of the eyeball than other sports, mainly due to ball strikes (96.6%). Badminton (69.8%) and racket beating (61.8%) caused more Zone II globe injuries than other sports. In badminton, the percentage of hyphema (85.7%), the most typical symptom of eye damage, and ultimate visual acuity (VA) ≥20/40 (88.9%) was the greatest. A final low vision score of (≤4/200) was observed in 10.6% of all participants, including three participants who had an eye removed due to rupturing. The final VA was positively correlated with the presenting VA (r = 0.421).

Conclusion

Sports can lead to high proportions of ocular contusion injury and low vision. VA prognosis is closely related to initial VA following ocular sports trauma, which is directly determined by the causative sports and/or the specific causes. Effective eye protection is imperative to avoid or reduce visual impairments of sports participants.

Endophthalmitis in children with open eye injury: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment

The article provides an overview of endophthalmitis cases in children with open eye injury — prevalence, causes and treatment results in Great Britain, USA, China, India, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, and other countries with different healthcare facilities, lifestyle and traditions.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Pediatric Ocular Trauma in China: A Multicenter Retrospective Hospital-Based Study

Purpose

The objective of the study was to obtain the incidence characteristics of pediatric ocular trauma in mainland China and provide some feasible suggestions of prevention.

Methods

The patients with pediatric ocular injuries, who were (≤14) hospitalized between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020, were included. Patient demographics (age and sex), injury natural characteristics (causes, site, and types), geographic location, and interval of hospital admission were analyzed.

Results

A total of 13525 cases were identified, and 1973 (14.6%) occurred in children (male accounts 70.9%) with a mean (SD) age of 6.5 (3.4) years. Cases among minors in 2020 dropped by 8.3% compared to 2019, while the former vulnerability to eye injuries has been shifted from the outdoors to home (51.4%, 1015/1973). The main causes of injury are flying objects (31.9%), traffic injury (23.5%), and blunt injury (21.8%), which lead to the main types of injury such as penetrating injury (48.3%), rupture of the globe (18.1%), and contusion trauma (13.1%). If the VA after injury is above CF, the VA after discharge is more likely to be above CF (OR 18.3, 11.9-28.1; p < 0.001). Similarly, age (OR 2.0, 1.3-3.1; p=0.001) and intraocular pressure after injury (OR 0.9, 0.9-1.0; p=0.009) also affect the intraocular pressure at discharge.

Conclusions

In mainland China, the main injury types are penetrating injury and rupture of the globe with home being the most dangerous place. Prevention strategies should focus on parents' education and protective measures indoors. Visual acuity after injury can be used as a predictor of visual acuity after treatment.