1
|
Kozono L, Fenoglio D, Ferrario M, Guerrero S. Inactivation of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores, single or composite Escherichia coli and native microbiota in isotonic fruit-flavoured sports drinks processed by UV-C light. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 386:110024. [PMID: 36446270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.110024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurized sports drinks and other fruit-based beverages are susceptible to deterioration due to thermal processing ineffectiveness to inactivate certain spoilage microorganisms, like Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris. This represents a major challenge for the beverage industry. The goals of this study were to: i) investigate the UV-C inactivation (annular thin film unit, actinometrical delivered fluence: 795-1270 mJ/cm2, 10-15 min, 20 °C, 1.8 L/h, Reh = 391-1067, recirculation mode operation) and the evolution during refrigerated storage of A. acidoterrestris ATCC 49025 spores and single or composite Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 in isotonic sports drinks (ISDs) made from orange (orange-ISD, UVT% = 81) or orange-banana-mango-kiwi-strawberry-lemon juices (multi-fruit-ISD, UVT% = 91), compared to a turbid orange-tangerine juice (OT juice, UVT% = 40); ii) assess the effect of pH, °Brix, A254nm, turbidity, colour and particle size of the ISDs and juice on microbial inactivation, iii) evaluate the evolution of native microbiota during cold storage, iv) investigate the Coroller, biphasic, Weibull, and Weibull-plus-tail models' ability to describe microbial inactivation and v) measure 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) formation. The modified biodosimetry method was used to calculate the germicidal UV-C fluences. Heat pasteurization (T-coil, 80 °C/6 min) was evaluated as the control treatment. UV-C was highly effective at inactivating E. coli as 4.1-5.1 and 4.5-5.6 log reductions were determined in the multi-fruit-ISD and orange-ISD, respectively, barely impacted by the background microbiota. No significant differences were recorded for the inactivation of E. coli in the UV-C and T-coil systems. Whereas, a significantly higher inactivation of A. acidoterrestris spores was achieved by UV-C (3.7-4.0 log reductions), compared to the negligible one achieved by the thermal treatment. Even though E. coli inactivation curves were similar in shape, UV-C was less effective when a cocktail of other E. coli strains was present. In comparison to the OT juice, the ISDs' inactivation kinetics were markedly different in shape, with a rapid decrease in population during the first minutes of treatment. The germicidal fluence (Hd biod) corresponding to A. acidoterrestris (19.1 mJ/cm2) was selected as it was higher than the one obtained for E. coli (11.0 mJ/cm2). UV-C induced 2.8- or 1.3 and 2.3- or 0.8 log-reductions of total aerobes or moulds and yeasts in the multi-fruit-ISD and orange-ISD, respectively. Compared to the other models, the Coroller and biphasic models showed a better fit and more accurate parameter estimates. UV-C-induced HMF production was not significant in the ISDs. The current study found that the UV-C treatment was more effective than typical heat pasteurization for inactivating A. acidoterrestris spores in isotonic drinks, following a similar trend for E. coli and native microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luz Kozono
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Tecnología de, Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), Argentina
| | - Daniela Fenoglio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Tecnología de, Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), Argentina
| | - Mariana Ferrario
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Tecnología de, Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), Argentina
| | - Sandra Guerrero
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Industrias, Argentina; CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Tecnología de, Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Basso F, Maifreni M, Innocente N, Manzocco L, Nicoli MC. Raw milk preservation by hyperbaric storage: Effect on microbial counts, protein structure and technological functionality. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111090. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
3
|
Masotti F, Cattaneo S, Stuknytė M, De Noni I. Current insights into non-thermal preservation technologies alternative to conventional high-temperature short-time pasteurization of drinking milk. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:5643-5660. [PMID: 34969340 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2022596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Milk is an important nutritional food source characterized by a perishable nature and conventionally thermally treated to guarantee its safety. In recent years, an increasing focus on competing non-thermal food processing technologies has been driven mainly by consumers' expectations for minimally processed products. Due to the heat sensitivity of milk, much research interest has been addressed to mild non-thermal pasteurization processing to keep safety, 'fresh-like' taste and to maintain the organoleptic qualities of raw milk. This review provides an overview of the current literature on non-thermal treatments as standalone alternative technologies to high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization of drinking milk. Results of lab-scale experimentations suggest the feasibility of most emerging non-thermal processing technologies, including high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric field, cold plasma, cavitation and light-based technologies, as alternative to thermal treatment of drinking milk with premium in shelf life duration. Nevertheless, a series of regulatory, technological and economical hurdles hinder the industrial scaling-up for most of these substitutes. To date, only high hydrostatic pressure treatments are applied as alone alternative to HTSH pasteurization for processing of "cold pasteurized" drinking milk. Milk submitted to HTST treatment combined to ultraviolet light is currently accepted in EU countries as novel food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Masotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Milda Stuknytė
- Unitech COSPECT - University Technological Platforms Office, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano De Noni
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ochoa-Velasco C, Beristain-Bauza S, Hernández-Carranza P, Ruiz-López I. A reactor engineering approach to describe bacterial inactivation during continuous UV-C light processing. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
5
|
Soni A, Samuelsson LM, Loveday SM, Gupta TB. Applications of novel processing technologies to enhance the safety and bioactivity of milk. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:4652-4677. [PMID: 34427048 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds in food can have high impacts on human health, such as antioxidant, antithrombotic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, many of them are sensitive to thermal treatments incurred during processing, which can reduce their availability and activity. Milk, including ovine, caprine, bovine, and human is a rich source of bioactive compounds, including immunoglobulins, vitamins, and amino acids. However, processing by various novel thermal and non-thermal technologies has different levels of impacts on these compounds, according to the studies reported in the literature, predominantly in the last 10 years. The reported effect of these technologies either covers microbial inactivation or the bioactive composition; however, there is a lack of comprehensive compilation of studies that compare the effect of these technologies on bioactive compounds in milk (especially, caprine and ovine) to microbial inactivation at similar settings. This research gap makes it challenging to conclude on the specific processing parameters that could be optimized to achieve targets of microbial safety and nutritional quality at the same time. This review covers the effect of a wide range of thermal and non-thermal processing technologies including high-pressure processing, pressure-assisted thermal sterilization, pulsed-electric field treatment, cold plasma, microwave-assisted thermal sterilization, ultra-high-pressure homogenization, ultrasonication, irradiation on the bioactive compounds as well as on microbial inactivation in milk. Although a combination of more than one technology could improve the reduction of bacterial contaminants to meet the required food safety standards and retain bioactive compounds, there is still scope for research on these hurdle approaches to simultaneously achieve food safety and bioactivity targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aswathi Soni
- Food System Integrity, Consumer Food Interface, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Linda M Samuelsson
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Simon M Loveday
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Tanushree B Gupta
- Food System Integrity, Consumer Food Interface, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pendyala B, Patras A, Sudhir Gopisetty VV, Sasges M. UV-C inactivation of microorganisms in a highly opaque model fluid using a pilot scale ultra-thin film annular reactor: Validation of delivered dose. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
7
|
Atik A, Gumus T. The effect of different doses of UV-C treatment on microbiological quality of bovine milk. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
8
|
Optimization of UV-C Processing of Donkey Milk: An Alternative to Pasteurization? Animals (Basel) 2020; 11:ani11010042. [PMID: 33379250 PMCID: PMC7824723 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of UV-C light technology on the inactivation of six foodborne pathogens inoculated in raw donkey milk was evaluated. Fresh raw donkey milk was artificially inoculated with the following foodborne pathogens-L. inoccua (NCTC 11288), S. aureus (NCTC 6571), B. cereus (NCTC 7464), Cronobacter sakazakii (NCTC 11467), E. coli (NCTC 9001), Salmonella enteritidis (NCTC 6676)-and then treated with UV-C doses of up to 1300 J/L. L. innocua was the most UV-C-resistant of the bacteria tested, requiring 1100 J/L for complete inactivation, while the rest of the bacteria tested was destructed in the range of 200-600 J/L. Results obtained from this study indicate that UV-C light technology has the potential to be used as a non-thermal processing method for the reduction of spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens that can be present in raw donkey milk.
Collapse
|
9
|
Blázquez E, Rodríguez C, Ródenas J, Segalés J, Pujols J, Polo J. Biosafety steps in the manufacturing process of spray-dried plasma: a review with emphasis on the use of ultraviolet irradiation as a redundant biosafety procedure. Porcine Health Manag 2020; 6:16. [PMID: 32690994 PMCID: PMC7363457 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-020-00155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Spray dried plasma (SDP) is a functional protein source obtained from blood of healthy animals, approved by the veterinary authorities from animals declared to be fit for slaughter for human consumption. Blood of these animals is collected at the slaughterhouse, treated with an anticoagulant, chilled and transported to industrial facilities in which blood is centrifuged to separate the red blood cells from the plasma fraction. Plasma is then concentrated, and spray dried at high temperatures (80 °C throughout its substance) to convert it in a powder. Such method preserves the biological activity of its proteins, mainly albumins and globulins. SDP is mainly used in pig feed diets to significantly improve daily gain, feed intake, production efficiency, and to reduce post-weaning lag caused by the appearance of post-weaning diarrhea. Although SDP is considered a safe product and its manufacturing process consists of several biosafety steps, the security of the SDP is often questioned due to its nature as raw blood by-product, especially when emergent or re-emergent pathogens appear. This review provides an evaluation and validation of the different safety steps present in the manufacturing process of SDP, with special focus on a new redundant pathogen inactivation step, the UV-C irradiation, that may be implemented in the manufacturing process of the SDP. Overall results showed that the manufacturing process of SDP is safe and the UV-C radiation was effective in inactivating a wide range of bacteria and viruses spiked and naturally present in commercially collected liquid animal plasma and it can be implemented as a redundant biosafety step in the manufacturing process of the SDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Blázquez
- APC EUROPE, S.L., Avda, Sant Julià 246-258, Pol. Ind. El Congost, E-08403 Granollers, Spain
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Carmen Rodríguez
- APC EUROPE, S.L., Avda, Sant Julià 246-258, Pol. Ind. El Congost, E-08403 Granollers, Spain
| | - Jesús Ródenas
- APC EUROPE, S.L., Avda, Sant Julià 246-258, Pol. Ind. El Congost, E-08403 Granollers, Spain
| | - Joaquim Segalés
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Joan Pujols
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Javier Polo
- APC EUROPE, S.L., Avda, Sant Julià 246-258, Pol. Ind. El Congost, E-08403 Granollers, Spain
- APC LLC, 2425 SE Oak Tree Court, Ankeny, IA 50021 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mathematical Modeling Used to Evaluate the Effect of UV-C Light Treatment on Microorganisms in Liquid Foods. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-020-09219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
11
|
UV-C irradiation is able to inactivate pathogens found in commercially collected porcine plasma as demonstrated by swine bioassay. Vet Microbiol 2019; 239:108450. [PMID: 31753544 PMCID: PMC7130610 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
UV-C light as an additional safety step for spray-dried plasma production is proposed. Swine bioassay is a sensitive technique able to detect infectivity of raw liquid plasma. Inoculated pigs with UV-C irradiated liquid porcine plasma did not seroconvert or become PCR positive against tested viruses. UV irradiation at 3000 J/L or more (9000 J/L) was enough to avoid transmission of any of the tested viruses to the animals. UV-C treatment is useful step to inactivate potential pathogen contamination of commercially collected animal plasma.
Liquid porcine plasma is an animal origin raw material for the manufacturing process of spray-dried porcine plasma that is used in pig nutrition worldwide. In previous studies we found that the application of ultraviolet light C (UV-C) in liquid plasma that was inoculated with a variety of bacteria or viruses of importance in the swine industry can be considered as redundant safety steps because in general achieve around 4 logs reduction for most of these pathogens. However, the final validation of the UV-C light as safety feature should be conducted with commercial liquid plasma and using the pig bioassay model. As a first objective, the potential infectivity of a raw liquid plasma product collected from an abattoir was tested by means of a swine bioassay. We used Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), a ubiquitous virus that has been systematically detected by PCR in porcine plasma at abattoirs as selection criteria for commercial liquid plasma lot. As a second aim of the study, the effects of different doses of UV-C irradiation on the selected raw liquid plasma were assayed in the animal bioassay. Moreover, other swine infecting agents, including Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), were also determined in the original plasma and monitored in the inoculated animals. Pigs negative for PCV-2 and PRRSV genome and antibodies were allotted to one of five groups (6 to 8 pigs/ group) and injected intra-peritoneally with 10 mL of their assigned inoculum at 50 d of age. Negative control pigs (group 1) were injected with PBS. Positive control pigs (group 5) were injected with a PCV-2 inoculum. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were injected with liquid porcine plasma that had been subjected to 0 (raw plasma), 3000 or 9000 J/L UV-C irradiation, respectively. Group 2 pigs (0 J/L UV-C) got infection by PRRSV but no PCV-2 infection or seroconversion. However, one pig from group 2 seroconverted to Rotavirus A (RVA) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) and three group 2 pigs seroconverted to Porcine parvovirus (PPV). Groups 1, 3 and 4 pigs showed no evidence of infection or seroconversion associated with the tested viruses or any other pathogens found in the liquid plasma before UV-C irradiation. Group 5 pigs developed PCV-2 infectivity as expected. UV-C irradiation of liquid plasma at 3000 and 9000 J/L was effective in preventing PRRSV and other pathogens transmission. Moreover, raw liquid plasma was non-infectious for PCV-2 in naïve pigs.
Collapse
|
12
|
Blázquez E, Rodríguez C, Ródenas J, Navarro N, Riquelme C, Rosell R, Campbell J, Crenshaw J, Segalés J, Pujols J, Polo J. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the SurePure Turbulator ultraviolet-C irradiation equipment on inactivation of different enveloped and non-enveloped viruses inoculated in commercially collected liquid animal plasma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212332. [PMID: 30789926 PMCID: PMC6383881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the SurePure Turbulator ultraviolet-C (UV-C, 254 nm wavelength) irradiation equipment on inactivation of different enveloped and non-enveloped viruses in commercially collected liquid animal plasma. Specifically, Pseudorabies virus (PRV), Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), Swine influenza virus (SIV) as enveloped viruses and Porcine parvovirus (PPV), Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) and Senecavirus A (SVA) as non-enveloped viruses, were inoculated in bovine or porcine plasma and subjected to different UV-C irradiation doses (0, 750, 1500, 3000, 6000 and 9000 J/L) using an UV-C device developed for opaque liquid working under turbulent flow. The enveloped viruses tested were inactivated at < 3000 J/L of UV-C, being the dose needed to inactivate 4 log TCID50 (4D) of 1612 J/L for PRV,1004 J/L for PRRSV, 1953 J/L for PEDV, 1639 J/L for SIV, 1641 J/L for CSFV and 1943 J/L for BVDV. The non-enveloped viruses tended to have higher 4D values: 2161 J/L for PPV, 3223 J/L for SVA and 3708 J/L for SVDV. Because the initial viral concentration was <4.0 Log for PCV-2, it was not possible to calculate the 4D value for this virus. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that the SurePure Turbulator UV-C treatment system is capable of inactivating significant levels of swine viruses inoculated in commercially collected porcine or bovine plasma. It was concluded that irradiation with UV-C can provide an additional redundant biosafety feature in the manufacturing process of spray-dried animal plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Blázquez
- APC EUROPE, S.L.U. Pol. Ind. El Congost, Granollers, Spain
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Ródenas
- APC EUROPE, S.L.U. Pol. Ind. El Congost, Granollers, Spain
| | - Núria Navarro
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Riquelme
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Rosell
- Departament d’Agricultura, Ramaderia, Pesca i Alimentació (DARP) Generalitat de Catalunya, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Joaquim Segalés
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Pujols
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Polo
- APC EUROPE, S.L.U. Pol. Ind. El Congost, Granollers, Spain
- APC Inc, Ankeny, Iowa, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schaefer S, Hettinga KA, Cullor J, German JB, Henrick BM. Use of UV Treated Milk Powder to Increase Vaccine Efficacy in the Elderly. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2254. [PMID: 30386327 PMCID: PMC6200024 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging populations experience a decline in adaptive immune system function also known as immunosenesence. Protein nutrition has been shown to stimulate and strengthen the immune system, and such approaches are needed for this growing segment of the population. A controlled, randomized, double blind pilot study was conducted to compare two different protein sources (soy and dairy) as nutritional supplementation to enhance vaccine response. Our objective was to examine the immune stimulating effects of dairy protein subjected to ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) radiation treatment process instead of pasteurization. Participants were 21 healthy individuals over 60 years of age who consumed 6 g of the dairy protein or a comparison, soy isoflavone protein, twice a day for 8 weeks. DTaP vaccine administered at week 4. Non-parametric t-tests revealed a significant increase in Tetanus antibodies in the dairy group compared to the soy group at week 8. These findings suggest additional benefits of UV-C treated unheated dairy protein as a solution to counteract immunosenescence, but warrant further study in elderly and other populations that might benefit from immune system stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Schaefer
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - James Cullor
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - J Bruce German
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Bethany M Henrick
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Food Science and Technology Department, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Monyethabeng MM, Krügel M. The effect of UV-C treatment on various spoilage microorganisms inoculated into Rooibos iced tea. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|