Dissolution profiling and its comparison of natural fruit powder effervescent tablets

A New Strategy for Consumption of Functional Lipids from Ericerus pela (Chavannes): Study on Microcapsules and Effervescent Tablets Containing Insect Wax-Derived Policosanol

In this study, we addressed various challenges associated with the consumption of functional lipids from the Ericerus pela (Chavannes), including unfavorable taste, insolubility in water, difficulty in oral intake, low bioavailability, and low psychological acceptance. Our study focused on the microencapsulation of policosanol, the key active component of insect wax, which is a mixture of functional lipids secreted by the Ericerus pela (Chavannes). We developed two innovative policosanol products, microcapsules, and effervescent tablets, and optimized their preparation conditions. We successfully prepared microcapsules containing insect wax-derived policosanol using the spray-drying method. We achieved 92.09% microencapsulation efficiency and 61.67% powder yield under the following conditions: maltodextrin, starch sodium octenyl succinate, and (2-hydroxy)propyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) at a ratio of 1:1:1, core-to-wall materials at a ratio of 1:10, 15% solid content, spray dryer feed temperature at 60 °C, inlet air temperature at 140 °C, and hot-air flow rate at 0.5 m3/min. The microcapsules exhibited a regular spherical shape with a minimal water content (1.82%) and rapid dispersion in water (within 143.5 s). These microcapsules released policosanol rapidly in simulated stomach fluid. Moreover, effervescent tablets were prepared using the policosanol-containing microcapsules. The tablets showed low friability (0.32%), quick disintegration in water (within 99.5 s), and high bubble volume. The microcapsules and effervescent tablets developed in this study presented effective solutions to the insolubility of policosanol in water. These products were portable and offered customizable tastes to address the psychological discomfort related to insect-based foods, thus providing a novel strategy for the consumption and secondary processing of insect lipids.

Development, physiochemical and sensory evaluation of a new effervescent tablet formulation based on Moringa oleifera leaves extract

New product development of Moringa oleifera effervescent tablet was optimization of the acid-base in the formula by using the D-optimal mix design. Chemical profiling and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera extract was evaluated. The physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Moringa oleifera effervescent tablet was measured. The results shows that chemical compounds of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Moringa oleifera extracts were hydrocarbons, esters, alcohols, and fatty acids. Both extracts exhibited high antioxidant by the IC50 value at 240.27 μg/mL and 301.21 μg/mL respectively. The quadratic model was found to be the best fitted for evaluating the solubility time, colour, taste and aroma; meanwhile, the special cubic model appeared to be the best fitting model for assessing the hardness response. The optimization process suggested that citric acid (22.19% w/w), tartaric acid (11.17% w/w), and sodium bicarbonate (33.64% w/w) was the best solution for this combination of variables, with a desirability value of 0.798.

Pre-Formulation Studies: Physicochemical Characteristics and In Vitro Release Kinetics of Insulin from Selected Hydrogels

Insulin loaded to the polymer network of hydrogels may affect the speed and the quality of wound healing in diabetic patients. The aim of our research was to develop a formulation of insulin that could be applied to the skin. We chose hydrogels commonly used for pharmaceutical compounding, which can provide a form of therapy available to every patient. We prepared different gel formulations using Carbopol^® Ultrez^TM 10, Carbopol^® Ultrez^TM 30, methyl cellulose, and glycerin ointment. The hormone concentration was 1 mg/g of the hydrogel. We assessed the influence of model hydrogels on the pharmaceutical availability of insulin in vitro, and we examined the rheological and the texture parameters of the prepared formulations. Based on spectroscopic methods, we evaluated the influence of model hydrogels on secondary and tertiary structures of insulin. The analysis of rheograms showed that hydrogels are typical of shear-thinning non-Newtonian thixotropic fluids. Insulin release from the formulations occurs in a prolonged manner, providing a longer duration of action of the hormone. The stability of insulin in hydrogels was confirmed. The presence of model hydrogel carriers affects the secondary and the tertiary structures of insulin. The obtained results indicate that hydrogels are promising carriers in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. The most effective treatment can be achieved with a methyl cellulose-based insulin preparation.