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Wang J, Gao W, Jin Y, Tian W, Zhang Y, Hu C, Wang B, Dong S, Yuan L. Water-dispersible macromolecular antioxidants for toughening and strengthening cellulose membranes. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122246. [PMID: 38823914 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable packaging materials from cellulose are eco-friendly alternatives to traditional petroleum-based plastics. Balancing its mechanical properties as well as protective values (antioxidation, oxygen barrier, etc.) is critical. However, most studies to improve its antioxidation performance were accompanied by sacrificed mechanical properties. In the current work, a series of linear -COOH functionalized phenolic polymers were prepared from phenolic compounds (vanillin, 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde) through a facile tri-component thiol-aldehyde polycondensation. While circumventing the cumbersome protection-deprotection of phenol groups, the one-pot strategy also affords water dispersible polymers for fabricating composites with cellulose nanofibers in an aqueous medium. After introducing 5-10 wt% of the copolymers, a minor soft phase was formed inside the composites, contributing to enhanced mechanical strength, toughness, antioxidation capability, and ultra-violet blocking performance, while its oxygen barrier property was well maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Yu Jin
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Wangmao Tian
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Yutao Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Hu
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Baoxia Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Shuqi Dong
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China.
| | - Liang Yuan
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Center for High Performance Biobased Nylon, School of Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China.
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Li H, Wang Y, Huang Z, Zhu K, Lin F, Liu J. Selection of antioxidants for capacitor grade polypropylene film: Insights into electrical performance of the oil-film system. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214116. [PMID: 38832737 DOI: 10.1063/5.0209700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
High voltage power capacitors employ the oil-impregnated polypropylene film as the insulation. The swelling phenomenon might drive the antioxidants and small molecules within the film to migrate into the oil. It is necessary to comprehensively investigate the physical migration mechanism of antioxidants and their impact on the electrical performance of the oil-film combination insulation system and, consequently, formulate the proper selective prescription of antioxidants. Theoretical elucidation of the competitive interaction mechanism between the film and the oil in attracting antioxidant molecules was achieved through the calculation of inter-molecular binding energy, and the migration coefficient ηm was introduced to quantify the migration characteristics of antioxidants. Experimentally, the effects of antioxidants on the space charge distribution of the film, the dielectric properties of the oil, and the breakdown characteristics of both the film and oil were investigated. The experimental conclusions are consistent with theoretical analysis. The lamellar structure antioxidant molecules with ηm > 1 tend to migrate from the film to the oil, which results in increased dielectric loss and decreased breakdown strength of the insulating oil. In addition, the presence of phosphorus atoms in phosphite antioxidants contributes to a reduction in the breakdown strength of the film. For capacitor grade polypropylene film, in addition to the synergistic effect between different types of antioxidants on the thermo-oxidative stability, the structure of the antioxidant molecules and its influence on the electrical performance of the oil-film systems should also be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ziqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kangyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fuchang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Effect of Ultrasound Treatment on Barrier Changes of Polymers before and after Exposure to Food Simulants. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050990. [PMID: 35267813 PMCID: PMC8912829 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the impact of ultrasound treatment on barrier properties of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) and acrylic/poly(vinylidene chloride) polypropylene (PPAcPVDC)-coated pouches intended for food packaging before and after exposure to food simulants. Packaging pouches were filled with two food simulants, namely ethanol (10% (v/v)) and acetic acid (3% (w/v)), in order to simulate food−packaging interaction and possible compound migration from packaging materials. Samples were subjected to an ultrasound water bath treatment for 5 min, 15 min, and 30 min at 60 °C (±2 °C) and with an amplitude of 100% as an equivalent to the heat-treatment conditions combined with an ultrasound effect. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on the polymer barrier (water vapour and oxygen permeability) properties was tested at 20 °C, 40 °C, and 60 °C. Results showed that PPAcPVDC possessed better properties of water vapour permeability and oxygen permeability properties to LLDPE. Statistical analyses showed a significant (p < 0.001) impact of ultrasound treatment on the overall migration value, regardless of the food simulant used.
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Kirchkeszner C, Petrovics N, Tábi T, Magyar N, Kovács J, Szabó BS, Nyiri Z, Eke Z. Swelling as a promoter of migration of plastic additives in the interaction of fatty food simulants with polylactic acid- and polypropylene-based plastics. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fakhri LA, Ghanbarzadeh B, Dehghannya J, Dadashi S. Central composite design based statistical modeling for optimization of barrier and thermal properties of polystyrene based nanocomposite sheet for packaging application. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pack EC, Lee KY, Jung JS, Jang DY, Kim HS, Koo YJ, Lee HG, Kim YS, Lim KM, Lee SH, Choi DW. Determination of the migration of plastic additives and non-intentionally added substances into food simulants and the assessment of health risks from convenience food packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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He YJ, Qin Y, Zhang TL, Zhu YY, Wang ZJ, Zhou ZS, Xie TZ, Luo XD. Migration of (non-) intentionally added substances and microplastics from microwavable plastic food containers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126074. [PMID: 34015709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microwavable plastic food containers (MPFCs) are extensively used for food storage, cooking, rapid heating and as take-out containers. There is an urgent need to investigate whether MPFCs pose potential health risks, as a result of the migration of chemicals into foods. Herein, 42 intentionally added substances (IAS) and > 100 non-IAS (NIAS) migrating from MPFCs were identified in food simulants according to Regulation (EU). The migration of major IAS and NIAS was higher in 95% ethanol compared to other simulants, and gradually decreased following repeated use. NIAS, including Cramer class III toxic compounds, such as PEG oligomers of N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) alkyl(C8-C18)amines, isomers of hexadecanamide and oleamide, and Irgafos 168 OXO were detected and exceeded the recommended limits in some MPFCs. Furthermore, microplastics (MPs) were detected with high values of over one million particles/L in some MPFCs in a single test, and migration behaviors of MPs in different MPFCs were diverse. Surprisingly, this rigorous migration might result in an annual intake of IAS/NIAS up to 55.15 mg and 150 million MPs particles if take-out food was consumed once a day. Multi-safety evaluation studies on the migration of various chemicals from MPFCs to foodstuffs during food preparation should be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Tie-Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Shun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Zhen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China
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Marć M. Emissions of selected monoaromatic hydrocarbons as a factor affecting the removal of single-use polymer barbecue and kitchen utensils from everyday use. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137485. [PMID: 32135294 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main focus of this study is the emission of monoaromatic hydrocarbons because these are the preliminary factors of potential solvent and monomer residues present in single-use plastic barbecue and kitchen utensils comprising polystyrene, polypropylene, natural cellulose, and biodegradable polymers intended for use with hot meal or beverages. Herein, the emissions of monoaromatic hydrocarbons (styrene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene compounds and the total volatile organic compounds (TVOC)) from nine types of disposable plastic utensils are reported. Seventy two samples of single-use plastic utensils were conditioned at 40 and 80 °C using a stationary emission microchamber system. The average TVOC released from the studied polystyrene, polypropylene, and natural or biodegradable utensils were (2.3 ± 1.3), (1.01 ± 0.15), and (0.48 ± 0.37) μg g-1, respectively, at 40 °C and (11.1 ± 1.2), (46.1 ± 9.5), and (5.5 ± 1.1) μg g-1, respectively, at 80 °C. Significant emissions of styrene (ranged from 3.5 up to 15.3 × 103 ng∙g-1), toluene (from 2.8 up to 0.53 × 103 ng∙g-1), and ethylbenzene (from 3.7 up to 5.7 × 103 ng∙g-1) from the studied samples were observed, especially at 80 °C. Thus, elevated temperatures increase the potential emission of solvent and monomer residues from plastics and could affect the quality of consumed meals or beverages, such as taste. Additionally, to determine the possible interactions between the measured chemical compounds in the plastic utensils, the Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Marć
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland.
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Vera P, Canellas E, Nerín C. Compounds responsible for off-odors in several samples composed by polypropylene, polyethylene, paper and cardboard used as food packaging materials. Food Chem 2019; 309:125792. [PMID: 31711806 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Seven commercial samples, consisted of plastic bags, tetrabrik and box, were evaluated by gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS) to find the compounds responsible for off-odors in different PP, PE, multilayer cardboard and paper materials used for food contact. Migration assays were carried out with Tenax as food simulant to analyze the food safety as well as to evaluate the odor intensity after migration assay. Forty six compounds with characteristic odors were directly found in the materials studied. The strongest odors identified were acetic, propanoic and butyric with vinegar and rancid odors and octanal, nonanal and decanal with fat/soup odors, all of them found in PP and PE samples. Trimethylbenzenes with solvent and oily odors as well as terpenes with weakly woody odors were found in cardboard and paper materials. After migration, all compounds were below the European Legislation limits and maximum migration values recommended by Cramer. However propanoic, acetic and butyric acid as well as aldehydes compounds, phenol and 1-octanol were detected by sniffers, after migration assay, with high modified frequency (between 50 and 78%), what could change the organoleptic properties of packaged food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Vera
- Analytical Chemistry Department, GUIA Group, I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Mª de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Elena Canellas
- Samtack Adhesivos Industriales, C/ Cerámica, n°3, Pol. Ind. Magarola Sud, 08292, Esparreguera, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Nerín
- Analytical Chemistry Department, GUIA Group, I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Mª de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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