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Dong C, Wang Y, Cai Y, Wu Y, Chen W, Wang L, Liu X, Zou L, Wang J. Enhance the Antimycobacterial Activity of Streptomycin with Ebselen as an Antibiotic Adjuvant Through Disrupting Redox Homeostasis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3811-3824. [PMID: 39219694 PMCID: PMC11365518 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s475535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health threat worldwide, and the spread of drug-resistant (DR) TB impedes the reduction of the global disease burden. Ebselen (EbSe) targets bacterial thioredoxin reductase (bTrxR) and causes an imbalance in the redox status of bacteria. Previous work has shown that the synergistic action of bTrxR and sensitization to common antibiotics by EbSe is a promising strategy for the treatment of DR pathogens. Thus, we aimed to evaluate whether EbSe could enhance anti-TB drugs against Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum) which is genetically related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and resistant to many antituberculosis drugs. Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), and streptomycin (SM) against M. marinum were determined by microdilution. The Bliss Independence Model was used to determine the adjuvant effects of EbSe over the anti-TB drugs. Thioredoxin reductase activity was measured using the DTNB assay, and its effects on bacterial redox homeostasis were verified by the elevation of intracellular ROS levels and intracellular GSH levels. The adjuvant efficacy of EbSe as an anti-TB drug was further evaluated in a mouse model of M. marinum infection. Cytotoxicity was observed in the macrophage cells Raw264.7 and mice model. Results The results reveal that EbSe acts as an antibiotic adjuvant over SM on M. marinum. EbSe + SM disrupted the intracellular redox microenvironment of M. marinum by inhibiting bTrxR activity, which could rescue mice from the high bacterial load, and accelerated recovery from tail injury with low mammalian toxicity. Conclusion The above studies suggest that EbSe significantly enhanced the anti-Mtb effect of SM, and its synergistic combination showed low mammalian toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Further efforts are required to study the underlying mechanisms of EbSe as an antibiotic adjuvant in combination with anti-TB drug MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjiang Dong
- Department of Urology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong province, 523718, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueqing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiaogan Central Hospital, Xiaogan, Hubei Province, 432099, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhuang Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- The Second People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443002, People’s Republic of China
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Deshpande A, Likhar R, Khan T, Omri A. Decoding drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: genetic insights and future challenges. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2024; 22:511-527. [PMID: 39219506 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2400536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB), particularly its drug-resistant forms (MDR-TB and XDR-TB), continues to pose a significant global health challenge. Despite advances in treatment and diagnosis, the evolving nature of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complicates TB eradication efforts. This review delves into the complexities of anti-TB drug resistance, its mechanisms, and implications on healthcare strategies globally. AREAS COVERED We explore the genetic underpinnings of resistance to both first-line and second-line anti-TB drugs, highlighting the role of mutations in key genes. The discussion extends to advanced diagnostic techniques, such as Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS), CRISPR-based diagnostics and their impact on identifying and managing drug-resistant TB. Additionally, we discuss artificial intelligence applications, current treatment strategies, challenges in managing MDR-TB and XDR-TB, and the global disparities in TB treatment and control, translating to different therapeutic outcomes and have the potential to revolutionize our understanding and management of drug-resistant tuberculosis. EXPERT OPINION The current landscape of anti-TB drug resistance demands an integrated approach combining advanced diagnostics, novel therapeutic strategies, and global collaborative efforts. Future research should focus on understanding polygenic resistance and developing personalized medicine approaches. Policymakers must prioritize equitable access to diagnosis and treatment, enhancing TB control strategies, and support ongoing research and augmented government funding to address this critical public health issue effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Deshpande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Rupali Likhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, LSHGCT's Gahlot Institute of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Howarth RE, Pattillo CM, Griffitts JS, Calvopina-Chavez DG. Three genes controlling streptomycin susceptibility in Agrobacterium fabrum. J Bacteriol 2023; 205:e0016523. [PMID: 37695858 PMCID: PMC10521367 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00165-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomycin (Sm) is a commonly used antibiotic for its efficacy against diverse bacteria. The plant pathogen Agrobacterium fabrum is a model for studying pathogenesis and interkingdom gene transfer. Streptomycin-resistant variants of A. fabrum are commonly employed in genetic analyses, yet mechanisms of resistance and susceptibility to streptomycin in this organism have not previously been investigated. We observe that resistance to a high concentration of streptomycin arises at high frequency in A. fabrum, and we attribute this trait to the presence of a chromosomal gene (strB) encoding a putative aminoglycoside phosphotransferase. We show how strB, along with rpsL (encoding ribosomal protein S12) and rsmG (encoding a 16S rRNA methyltransferase), modulates streptomycin sensitivity in A. fabrum. IMPORTANCE The plant pathogen Agrobacterium fabrum is a widely used model bacterium for studying biofilms, bacterial motility, pathogenesis, and gene transfer from bacteria to plants. Streptomycin (Sm) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known for its broad efficacy against gram-negative bacteria. A. fabrum exhibits endogenous resistance to somewhat high levels of streptomycin, but the mechanism underlying this resistance has not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that this resistance is caused by a chromosomally encoded streptomycin-inactivating enzyme, StrB, that has not been previously characterized in A. fabrum. Furthermore, we show how the genes rsmG, rpsL, and strB jointly modulate streptomycin susceptibility in A. fabrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn E. Howarth
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Curtis M. Pattillo
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Joel S. Griffitts
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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Li T, Wang Z, Guo J, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Wang J, Han B, Tao H, Liu J, Wang X. Bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents: Mechanisms, control strategies, and implications for global health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160461. [PMID: 36435256 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The spread of bacterial drug resistance has posed a severe threat to public health globally. Here, we cover bacterial resistance to current antibacterial drugs, including traditional herbal medicines, conventional antibiotics, and antimicrobial peptides. We summarize the influence of bacterial drug resistance on global health and its economic burden while highlighting the resistance mechanisms developed by bacteria. Based on the One Health concept, we propose 4A strategies to combat bacterial resistance, including prudent Application of antibacterial agents, Administration, Assays, and Alternatives to antibiotics. Finally, we identify several opportunities and unsolved questions warranting future exploration for combating bacterial resistance, such as predicting genetic bacterial resistance through the use of more effective techniques, surveying both genetic determinants of bacterial resistance and the transmission dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, No. 20, Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America; Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America; Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Bing Han
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Hui Tao
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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5
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The Neglected Contribution of Streptomycin to the Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Problem. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12122003. [PMID: 34946952 PMCID: PMC8701281 DOI: 10.3390/genes12122003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The airborne pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis is responsible for a present major public health problem worsened by the emergence of drug resistance. M. tuberculosis has acquired and developed streptomycin (STR) resistance mechanisms that have been maintained and transmitted in the population over the last decades. Indeed, STR resistant mutations are frequently identified across the main M. tuberculosis lineages that cause tuberculosis outbreaks worldwide. The spread of STR resistance is likely related to the low impact of the most frequent underlying mutations on the fitness of the bacteria. The withdrawal of STR from the first-line treatment of tuberculosis potentially lowered the importance of studying STR resistance. However, the prevalence of STR resistance remains very high, could be underestimated by current genotypic methods, and was found in outbreaks of multi-drug (MDR) and extensively drug (XDR) strains in different geographic regions. Therefore, the contribution of STR resistance to the problem of tuberculosis drug resistance should not be neglected. Here, we review the impact of STR resistance and detail well-known and novel candidate STR resistance mechanisms, genes, and mutations. In addition, we aim to provide insights into the possible role of STR resistance in the development of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
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6
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Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Associated with Tuberculosis Treatment Regimen in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111362. [PMID: 34827300 PMCID: PMC8614817 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential components of public health include strengthening the surveillance of infectious diseases and developing early detection and prevention policies. This is particularly important for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), which can be explored by using wastewater-based surveillance. This study aimed to use molecular techniques to determine the occurrence and concentration of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) associated with tuberculosis (TB) resistance in untreated and treated wastewater. Raw/untreated and treated (post-chlorination) wastewater samples were taken from three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in South Africa. The ARGs were selected to target drugs used for first- and second-line TB treatment. Both conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the more advanced droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) were evaluated as surveillance strategies to determine the distribution and concentration of the selected ARGs. The most abundant ARG in the untreated wastewater was the rrs gene, associated with resistance to the aminoglycosides, specifically streptomycin, with median concentration ranges of 4.69–5.19 log copies/mL. In contrast, pncA gene, associated with resistance to the TB drug pyrazinamide, was the least detected (1.59 to 2.27 log copies/mL). Resistance genes associated with bedaquiline was detected, which is a significant finding because this is a new drug introduced in South Africa for the treatment of multi-drug resistant TB. This study, therefore, establishes the potential of molecular surveillance of wastewater for monitoring antibiotic resistance to TB treatment in communities.
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7
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Molecular Analysis of Streptomycin Resistance Genes in Clinical Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Biocomputational Analysis of the MtGidB L101F Variant. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070807. [PMID: 34356728 PMCID: PMC8300841 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains a prevalent threat to public health. In 2019, TB affected 10 million people and caused 1.4 million deaths. The major challenge for controlling this infectious disease is the emergence and spread of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. The antibiotic streptomycin is not a current first-line anti-TB drug. However, WHO recommends its use in patients infected with a streptomycin-sensitive strain. Several mutations in the M. tuberculosisrpsL, rrs and gidB genes have proved association with streptomycin resistance. In this study, we performed a molecular analysis of these genes in clinical isolates to determine the prevalence of known or novel mutations. Here, we describe the genetic analysis outcome. Furthermore, a biocomputational analysis of the MtGidB L101F variant, the product of a novel mutation detected in gidB during molecular analysis, is also reported as a theoretical approach to study the apparent genotype-phenotype association.
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8
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Rocha DMGC, Magalhães C, Cá B, Ramos A, Carvalho T, Comas I, Guimarães JT, Bastos HN, Saraiva M, Osório NS. Heterogeneous Streptomycin Resistance Level Among Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains From the Same Transmission Cluster. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:659545. [PMID: 34177837 PMCID: PMC8226182 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.659545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread and frequent resistance to the second-line tuberculosis (TB) medicine streptomycin, suggests ongoing transmission of low fitness cost streptomycin resistance mutations. To investigate this hypothesis, we studied a cohort of 681 individuals from a TB epidemic in Portugal. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analyses were combined with phenotypic growth studies in culture media and in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages. Streptomycin resistance was the most frequent resistance in the cohort accounting for 82.7% (n = 67) of the resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. WGS of 149 clinical isolates identified 13 transmission clusters, including three clusters containing only streptomycin resistant isolates. The biggest cluster was formed by eight streptomycin resistant isolates with a maximum of five pairwise single nucleotide polymorphisms of difference. Interestingly, despite their genetic similarity, these isolates displayed different resistance levels to streptomycin, as measured both in culture media and in infected mouse bone marrow derived macrophages. The genetic bases underlying this phenotype are a combination of mutations in gid and other genes. This study suggests that specific streptomycin resistance mutations were transmitted in the cohort, with the resistant isolates evolving at the cluster level to allow low-to-high streptomycin resistance levels without a significative fitness cost. This is relevant not only to better understand transmission of streptomycin resistance in a clinical setting dominated by Lineage 4 M. tuberculosis infections, but mainly because it opens new prospects for the investigation of selection and spread of drug resistance in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deisy M G C Rocha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Magalhães
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Baltazar Cá
- i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Angelica Ramos
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Iñaki Comas
- Biomedicine Institute of Valencia IBV-CSIC, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - João Tiago Guimarães
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helder Novais Bastos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João EPE, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigacão e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno S Osório
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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Yang J, Zhang T, Xian X, Li Y, Wang R, Wang P, Zhang M, Wang J. Molecular Characteristics and Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolate Circulating in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1207-1217. [PMID: 33794134 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Shaanxi is the most highly populated province with high burdens of tuberculosis in northwestern China. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular characteristics and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Shaanxi province of China in 2018. Methods: Phenotypic drug susceptibility testing and spoligotyping methods were performed on 518 M. tuberculosis isolates; drug-resistant isolates were sequenced in 11 drug loci, including katG, inhA, oxyR-ahpC, rpoB, embB, rpsL, rrs1 (nucleotides 388-1084), gyrA, gyrB, rrs2 (nucleotides 1158-1674), and eis. Results: The prevalences of isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, streptomycin, ofloxacin, and kanamycin resistance were 22.0%, 19.3%, 7.9%, 23.8%, 10.4%, and 3.3%, respectively. The Beijing family (82.8%) was the predominant genotype, followed by the T (9.3%), H (0.6%), CAS (0.4%), LAM (0.4%), and U (0.4%) families. The percentage of Beijing genotype in a central area (88.1%) was higher than in the south (77.3%) and the north area (80.1%) (p < 0.05), while the sex, age, and treatment history between Beijing and non-Beijing family were not statistically different. Mutation analysis found that the most prevalent mutations were katG315, rpoB531, embB306, rpsL43, gyrA94, and rrs1401; the Beijing family exhibited a high rate of isoniazid-resistant isolates carrying katG315 mutations (p < 0.05). Furthermore, compared with the phenotypic data, the sensitivities of isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, streptomycin, ofloxacin, and kanamycin resistance by sequencing base on 11 loci were 85.1%, 94.0%, 53.7%, 74.8%, 77.8%, and 64.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Shaanxi has a serious epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis, Beijing family is the predominant genotype, and the distribution showed geographic diversity. The prevalence of Beijing genotypes has a tendency to promote the transmission of high-level isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis. Besides, the hot spot regions localized in the embB, rrs2, and eis gene appear not to serve as excellent biomarkers for predicting ethambutol and kanamycin resistance in Shaanxi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Clinical Laboratory and Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianhua Zhang
- Administration Office, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoping Xian
- Administration Office, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Li
- Clinical Laboratory and Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Clinical Laboratory and Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Panting Wang
- Clinical Laboratory and Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory and Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Junyang Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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10
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Islam MM, Tan Y, Hameed HMA, Chhotaray C, Liu Z, Liu Y, Lu Z, Wang S, Cai X, Gao Y, Cai X, Guo L, Li X, Tan S, Yew WW, Zhong N, Liu J, Zhang T. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Streptomycin-Resistant Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates in Southern China. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:766-775. [PMID: 31976809 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomycin (STR) is the first antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and the earliest antituberculosis drug with acquired resistance developed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The high prevalence of such resistance in many parts of the world limits its use for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB. The aims of this study are to characterize of mutations in rpsL, rrs, and gidB genes in MDR M. tuberculosis isolates originating from southern China and to investigate possible relationship between mutations and strain genotypes for precise diagnosis and treatment. Sequences of rpsL, rrs, and gidB genes and the resistance profiles were analyzed for 218 MDR M. tuberculosis isolates. Our study showed that 68.35% of MDR M. tuberculosis isolates were resistant to STR and 89.91% of STR-resistant (STRR) isolates were Beijing lineage strains. Mutations were observed in STRR MDR M. tuberculosis isolates at the following rates: 72.48% in rpsL, 36.91% in rrs, and 15.44% in gidB. Compared with the phenotypic data, the combination of mutations in rpsL, rrs, and gidB has sensitivity and specificity of 96.64% and 100.00%, respectively. The most common mutations in STRR isolates were rpsL128,263 and rrs514,1401, of which rpsL128 showed association with Beijing lineage (p < 0.001). It is noteworthy that a1401g mutation was present in rrs, while MDR M. tuberculosis isolates were resistant to both STR and amikacin. Twenty two novel mutations were found in STRR isolates. These findings could be helpful to develop rapid molecular diagnostic methods and understand STR resistance in China for developing TB precision medicine and disturbance of drug-resistant TB transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahmudul Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoju Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - H M Adnan Hameed
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chiranjibi Chhotaray
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yamin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingshan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingmin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouyong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wing Wai Yew
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Tang Y, Davies R, Petrovska L. Identification of Genetic Features for Attenuation of Two Salmonella Enteritidis Vaccine Strains and Differentiation of These From Wildtype Isolates Using Whole Genome Sequencing. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:447. [PMID: 31921908 PMCID: PMC6930191 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Enteritidis is a major cause of salmonellosis worldwide and more than 80% of outbreaks investigated in Europe have been associated with the consumption of poorly cooked eggs or foods containing raw eggs. Vaccination has been proven to be one of the most important measures to control Salmonella Enteritidis infections in poultry farms as it can decrease colonization of the reproductive organs and intestinal tract of laying hens, thereby reducing egg contamination. Differentiation of live vaccine from field or wild type S. Enteritidis isolates in poultry is essential for monitoring of veterinary isolates and targetting control actions. Due to decreasing costs, whole genome sequencing (WGS) is becoming a key tool for characterization of Salmonella isolates, including vaccine strains. Using WGS we described the genetic changes in the live attenuated Salmovac 440 and AviPro SALMONELLA VAC E vaccine strains and developed a method for differentiation from the wildtype S. Enteritidis strains. SNP analysis confirmed that streptomycin resistance was associated with a Lys43Arg missense mutation in the rpsL gene whilst 3 missense mutations in acrB and 1 missense mutation in acrA confer erythromycin sensitivity in AviPro SALMONELLA VAC E. Further mutations Arg242His in purK and Gly236Arg in the hisB gene were related to adenine and histidine dependencies in Salmovac 440. Unique SNPs were used to construct a database of variants for differentiation of vaccine from the wildtype isolates. Two fragments from each vaccine were represented in the database to ensure high accuracy. Each of the two selected Salmovac 440 fragments differed by 6 SNPs from the wildtype and the AviPro SALMONELLA VAC E fragments differed by 4 and 6 SNPs, respectively. CD-hit software was applied to cluster similar fragments that produced the best fit output when searched with SRST2. The developed vaccine differentiation method was tested with 1,253 genome samples including field isolates of Salmovac 440 (n = 51), field isolates of AviPro SALMONELLA VAC E (n = 13), S. Gallinarum (n = 19), S. Pullorum (n = 116), S. Enteritidis (n = 244), S. Typhimurium (n = 810) and achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tang
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom
| | | | - Liljana Petrovska
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom
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