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Rajesh R, Gummadi SN. Purification and biochemical characterization of novel α-amylase and cellulase from Bacillus sp. PM06. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:796-808. [PMID: 38141162 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2288574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus sp. PM06, previously isolated from sugarcane waste pressmud, could produce dual enzymes α-amylase and cellulase. The isolate's crude enzymes were purified homogeneously using ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by High Quaternary amine anion exchange chromatography. Purified enzymes revealed the molecular weights of α-amylase and cellulase as 55 and 52 kDa, with a purification fold of 15.4 and 11.5, respectively. The specific activity of purified α-amylase and cellulase were 740.7 and 555.6 U/mg, respectively. It demonstrated a wide range of activity from pH 5.0 to 8.5, with an optimum pH of 5.5 and 6.4 for α-amylase and cellulase. The optimum temperature was 50 °C for α-amylase and 60 °C for cellulase. The kinetic parameters of purified α-amylase were 741.5 ± 3.75 µmol/min/mg, 1.154 ± 0.1 mM, and 589 ± 3.5/(s mM), using starch as a substrate. Whereas cellulase showed 556.3 ± 1.3 µmol/min/mg, 1.78 ± 0.1 mM, and 270.9 ± 3.8/(s mM) of Vmax, Km, Kcat/Km, respectively, using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as substrate. Among the various substrates tested, α-amylase had a higher specificity for amylose and CMC for cellulase. Different inhibitors and activators were also examined. Ca2+ Mg2+, Co2+, and Mn2+ boosted α-amylase and cellulase activities. Cu2+ and Ni2+ both inhibited the enzyme activities. Enzymatic saccharification of wheat bran yielded 253.61 ± 1.7 and 147.5 ± 1.0 mg/g of reducing sugar within 12 and 24 h of incubation when treated with purified α-amylase and cellulase. A more significant amount of 397.7 ± 1.9 mg/g reducing sugars was released from wheat bran due to the synergetic effect of two enzymes. According to scanning electron micrograph analysis, wheat bran was effectively broken down by both enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Rajesh
- Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, BJM School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Sathyanarayana N Gummadi
- Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, BJM School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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Kholousi Adab F, Mehdi Yaghoobi M, Gharechahi J. Enhanced crystalline cellulose degradation by a novel metagenome-derived cellulase enzyme. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8560. [PMID: 38609443 PMCID: PMC11014956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metagenomics has revolutionized access to genomic information of microorganisms inhabiting the gut of herbivorous animals, circumventing the need for their isolation and cultivation. Exploring these microorganisms for novel hydrolytic enzymes becomes unattainable without utilizing metagenome sequencing. In this study, we harnessed a suite of bioinformatic analyses to discover a novel cellulase-degrading enzyme from the camel rumen metagenome. Among the protein-coding sequences containing cellulase-encoding domains, we identified and subsequently cloned and purified a promising candidate cellulase enzyme, Celcm05-2, to a state of homogeneity. The enzyme belonged to GH5 subfamily 4 and exhibited robust enzymatic activity under acidic pH conditions. It maintained hydrolytic activity under various environmental conditions, including the presence of metal ions, non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100, organic solvents, and varying temperatures. With an optimal temperature of 40 °C, Celcm05-2 showcased remarkable efficiency when deployed on crystalline cellulose (> 3.6 IU/mL), specifically Avicel, thereby positioning it as an attractive candidate for a myriad of biotechnological applications spanning biofuel production, paper and pulp processing, and textile manufacturing. Efficient biodegradation of waste paper pulp residues and the evidence of biopolishing suggested that Celcm05-2 can be used in the bioprocessing of cellulosic craft fabrics in the textile industry. Our findings suggest that the camel rumen microbiome can be mined for novel cellulase enzymes that can find potential applications across diverse biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Kholousi Adab
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Yaghoobi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Javad Gharechahi
- Human Genetic Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Salehi ME, Asoodeh A. Extraction, Purification, and Biochemical Characterization of an Alkalothermophilic Endoglucanase from Bacterial Flora in Gastrointestinal Tract of Osphranteria coerulescens Larvae. WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION 2023; 14:1251-1265. [DOI: 10.1007/s12649-022-01936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
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Elsababty ZE, Abdel-Aziz SH, Ibrahim AM, Guirgis AA, Dawwam GE. Purification, biochemical characterization, and molecular cloning of cellulase from Bacillus licheniformis strain Z9 isolated from soil. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:34. [PMID: 35192092 PMCID: PMC8864052 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Cellulose is the most prevalent biomass and renewable energy source in nature. The hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass to glucose units is essential for the economic exploitation of this natural resource. Cellulase enzyme, which is largely generated by bacteria and fungus, is commonly used to degrade cellulose. Cellulases are used in a variety of industries, including bioethanol manufacturing, textiles, detergents, drugs, food, and paper. As part of our quest to find an efficient biocatalyst for the hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass, we describe the amplification, cloning, and sequencing of cellulase (cel9z) from Bacillus licheniformis strain Z9, as well as the characterization of the resulting enzyme. Results Cellulase was partially purified from B. licheniformis strain Z9 using (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and Sephadex G-100 gel column chromatography with 356.5 U/mg specific activity, 2.1-purification fold, and 3.07 % yield. The nucleotide sequence of the cellulase gene was deposited to the GenBank, B. licheniformis strain Z9 cellulase (cel9z) gene, under accession number MK814929. This corresponds to 1453 nucleotides gene and encodes for a protein composed of 484 amino acids. Comparison of deduced amino acids sequence to other related cellulases showed that the enzyme cel9z can be classified as a glycoside hydrolase family 9. SDS-PAGE analysis of the purified enzyme revealed that the molecular mass was 54.5 kDa. The optimal enzyme activity was observed at pH 7.4 and 30 °C. The enzyme was found to be strongly inhibited by Mg2+ and Na+, whereas strongly activated by Fe3+, Cu2+, and Ca2+. Conclusions B. licheniformis strain Z9 and its cellulase gene can be further utilized for recombinant production of cellulases for industrial application. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-022-00317-4.
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Aarti C, Khusro A, Agastian P. Saccharification of alkali pre-treated aquatic weeds biomass using partially purified cellulase immobilized on different matrices. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ajeje SB, Hu Y, Song G, Peter SB, Afful RG, Sun F, Asadollahi MA, Amiri H, Abdulkhani A, Sun H. Thermostable Cellulases / Xylanases From Thermophilic and Hyperthermophilic Microorganisms: Current Perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:794304. [PMID: 34976981 PMCID: PMC8715034 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.794304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioconversion of lignocellulose into monosaccharides is critical for ensuring the continual manufacturing of biofuels and value-added bioproducts. Enzymatic degradation, which has a high yield, low energy consumption, and enhanced selectivity, could be the most efficient and environmentally friendly technique for converting complex lignocellulose polymers to fermentable monosaccharides, and it is expected to make cellulases and xylanases the most demanded industrial enzymes. The widespread nature of thermophilic microorganisms allows them to proliferate on a variety of substrates and release substantial quantities of cellulases and xylanases, which makes them a great source of thermostable enzymes. The most significant breakthrough of lignocellulolytic enzymes lies in lignocellulose-deconstruction by enzymatic depolymerization of holocellulose into simple monosaccharides. However, commercially valuable thermostable cellulases and xylanases are challenging to produce in high enough quantities. Thus, the present review aims at giving an overview of the most recent thermostable cellulases and xylanases isolated from thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microbes. The emphasis is on recent advancements in manufacturing these enzymes in other mesophilic host and enhancement of catalytic activity as well as thermostability of thermophilic cellulases and xylanases, using genetic engineering as a promising and efficient technology for its economic production. Additionally, the biotechnological applications of thermostable cellulases and xylanases of thermophiles were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaila Boyi Ajeje
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guojie Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sunday Bulus Peter
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Richmond Godwin Afful
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mohammad Ali Asadollahi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Abdulkhani
- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Screening, cloning, enzymatic properties of a novel thermostable cellulase enzyme, and its potential application on water hyacinth utilization. Int Microbiol 2021; 24:337-349. [DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Saeed AM, El-Shatoury EH, Sayed HAE. Statistical factorial designs for optimum production of thermostable α-amylase by the degradative bacterium Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius Pharon1 isolated from Sinai, Egypt. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:24. [PMID: 33523315 PMCID: PMC7851196 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to isolate potent thermophilic and amylolytic bacteria from a hot spring of Pharaoh's bath, Sinai, Egypt, and screen its degradative activity. The amylolytic activity was further optimized using a statistical full factorial design followed by response surface methodology. RESULTS A thermophilic bacterium was isolated from the hot spring of Pharaoh's Bath, Sinai, Egypt. The isolate produced amylase, cellulase, and caseinase and was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius Pharon1 (MG965879). A growth medium containing 1% soluble starch was found to optimize the amylase production. Dinitrosalycalic acid method (DNS) was used to estimate the amount of reducing sugar produced. Statistical full factorial and response surface designs were employed to optimize physical variables affecting the α-amylase production and determine the significant interactions of the studied variables during the fermentation process. According to the results obtained by the response optimizer, the maximum amylase activity reached 76.07 U/mL/ min at 54.1°C, pH 5.6 after 98.5 h incubation under aerobic conditions. Moreover, the produced enzyme was thermostable and retained most of its activity when exposed to a high temperature of 100°C for 120 min. Maximum enzyme activity was attained when the enzyme was incubated at 70°C for 30 min. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of the production of thermostable α-amylase by the potent thermophilic Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius. The enzyme endured extreme conditions of temperature and pH which are important criteria for commercial and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Saeed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Einas H El-Shatoury
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hayam A E Sayed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zafar A, Aftab MN, Asif A, Karadag A, Peng L, Celebioglu HU, Afzal MS, Hamid A, Iqbal I. Efficient biomass saccharification using a novel cellobiohydrolase from Clostridium clariflavum for utilization in biofuel industry. RSC Adv 2021; 11:9246-9261. [PMID: 35423428 PMCID: PMC8695235 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00545f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the cloning of the cellobiohydrolase gene from a thermophilic bacterium Clostridium clariflavum and its expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) utilizing the expression vector pET-21a(+). The optimization of various parameters (pH, temperature, isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration, time of induction) was carried out to obtain the maximum enzyme activity (2.78 ± 0.145 U ml−1) of recombinant enzyme. The maximum expression of recombinant cellobiohydrolase was obtained at pH 6.0 and 70 °C respectively. Enzyme purification was performed by heat treatment and immobilized metal anionic chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 57.4 U mg−1 with 35.17% recovery and 3.90 purification fold. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that the molecular weight of cellobiohydrolase was 78 kDa. Among metal ions, Ca2+ showed a positive impact on the cellobiohydrolase enzyme with increased activity by 115%. Recombinant purified cellobiohydrolase enzyme remained stable and exhibited 77% and 63% residual activity in comparison to control in the presence of n-butanol and after incubation at 80 °C for 1 h, respectively. Our results indicate that our purified recombinant cellobiohydrolase can be used in the biofuel industry. Successful expression of a novel cellobiohydrolase enzyme from Clostridium clariflavum with efficient saccharification potential of plant biomass for the biofuel industry.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Zafar
- Faculty of Life Sciences
- University of Central Punjab
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | | | - Anam Asif
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
- GC University
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Ahmet Karadag
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences
- Yozgat Bozok University
- Yozgat
- Turkey
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Center
- Huazhong Agriculture University
- Wuhan
- China
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences
- School of Science
- University of Management and Technology (UMT)
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Attia Hamid
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
- GC University
- Lahore
- Pakistan
| | - Irfana Iqbal
- Department of Zoology
- Lahore College for Women University
- Lahore
- Pakistan
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Molecular diversity and hydrolytic enzymes production abilities of soil bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3235-3248. [PMID: 33304129 PMCID: PMC7715526 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil is an integral part of ecosystem which is niche for varieties of microflora. The present study was investigated to isolate varied strains of bacteria from soil samples of three different geographical regions of Tamil Nadu (India) and evaluate their hydrolytic enzymes (amylase, cellulase, and inulinase) producing potentialities. Among 72 bacterial cultures isolated from Ambattur Industrial Estate, Neyveli Lignite Corporation, and Arignar Anna Zoological Park regions, 41.66, 38.88, and 36.11% of isolates were observed amylase, cellulase, and inulinase producers, respectively. On the other hand, 20.83% of total bacteria isolated from all three regions exhibited concurrent production of amylase, cellulase, and inulinase. Potent isolates depicting maximum enzyme activities were identified as Bacillus anthracis strain ALA1, Bacillus cereus strain ALA3, Glutamicibacter arilaitensis strain ALA4, and Bacillus thuringiensis strain ALA5 based on molecular characterization tools. Further, the thermodynamics parameters, open reading frames (ORFs) regions, and guanine-cytosine (GC) content were determined by distinct bioinformatics tools using 16S rRNA sequences of strains. Minimum free energy values for strain ALA1, strain ALA3, strain ALA4, and strain ALA5 were calculated as −480.73, −478.76, −496.63, and −479.03 kcal/mol, respectively. Mountain plot and entropy predicted the hierarchical representation of RNA secondary structure. The GC content of sequence for strain ALA1, strain ALA3, strain ALA4, and strain ALA5 was calculated as 53.06, 52.94, 56.78, and 53.06%, respectively. Nine ORFs were obtained for strain ALA1, strain ALA3, and strain ALA5 while 10 ORFs were observed for strain ALA4. Additionally, bootstrap tree demonstrated close resemblance of strains with existing bacteria of similar genus. Findings showed higher variability of bacterial diversity as hydrolytic enzymes producers in the investigated geographical regions.
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Abd Elhameed E, Sayed ARM, Radwan TEE, Hassan G. Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Five Bacillus Isolates Displaying Remarkable Carboxymethyl Cellulase Activities. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3076-3084. [PMID: 32710168 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellulases have many useful applications in industry and biotechnology. So, identification of new bacterial strains expressing cellulases with better properties is desired. Five soil bacterial strains screened for high carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activities were characterized and identified by 16S rRNA analysis as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (FAY088), B. velezensis (FAY0103), B. tequilensis (FAY0117), B. subtilis (FAY0136), and B. subtilis (FAY0182). Their CMCase activities were 1.49, 1.26, 1.21, 1.21, and 1.24 U/ml, respectively. The maximum CMCase production was attained by growth at 35 °C, pH 6, and 180 rpm for 5 days. Residual activities of CMCases from FAY088 and FAY0117 were 88% or more after growth at 40 °C, which is same as FAY0182 CMCase at 40 and 45 °C. Additionally, FAY0182 retained 73% residual activity at 50 °C. FAY088 and FAY0182 retained more than 85% at pH 7 and 8. Conversely, residual activities from FAY0103 and FAY0136 declined a lot by increasing growth temperature beyond 40 °C and pH beyond 7. The maximum CMCase stability in all isolates was observed at pH 7, 3-h incubation, and 40 °C except for FAY0103 CMCase showed optimum temperature at 30 °C. More than 70% CMCase stability was retained in case of FAY088 at 50 °C, FAY0117 at 50-70 °C, and FAY0136 at 50-60 °C. FAY088 CMCase seemed to be the lest sensitive to temperature variation as it displayed residual activities 67, 72, 78, 84, 77, 74, and 72% at pH 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 10, respectively. Finally, the five CMCase-producing isolates are recommended further enzyme applications in biotechnology and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Abd Elhameed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Alaa R M Sayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt. .,College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA.
| | - Tharwat E E Radwan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Gamal Hassan
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
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Optimizing the Reduction of Molybdate by Two Novel Thermophilic Bacilli Isolated from Sinai, Egypt. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:786-794. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Construction and characterization of bifunctional cellulases: Caldicellulosiruptor-sourced endoglucanase, CBM, and exoglucanase for efficient degradation of lignocellulose. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Badoei-Dalfard A, Parhamfar M, Karami Z. Characterization of a Thermostable, Acidic-Phytase from Bacillus tequilensis Dm018; Medium Optimization by Response Surface Methodology. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Zolfaghar M, Amoozegar MA, Khajeh K, Babavalian H, Tebyanian H. Isolation and screening of extracellular anticancer enzymes from halophilic and halotolerant bacteria from different saline environments in Iran. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:3275-3286. [PMID: 30993582 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It was confirmed that several enzymes have anti-cancer activity. The enzymes L-asparaginase, L-glutaminase, and L-arginase were chosen according to amino acids starvation in cancer cells and screened in halophilic and halotolerant bacteria, given probably less immunological reactions of halophilic or halotolerant enzymes in patients. Out of 110 halophilic and halotolerant strains, isolated from different saline environments in Iran and screened, some could produce a variety of anticancer enzymes. A total of 29, 4, and 2 strains produced L-asparaginase, L-glutaminase, and L-arginase, respectively. According to the phenotypic characteristics and partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the positive strains-strains with the ability to produce these anticancer enzymes-were identified as the members of the genera: Bacillus, Dietzia, Halobacillus, Rhodococcus, Paenibacillus and Planococcus as Gram-positive bacteria and Pseudomonas, Marinobacter, Halomonas, Idiomarina, Vibrio and Stappia as Gram-negative bacteria. The production of anticancer enzymes was mostly observed in the rod-shaped Gram-negative isolates, particularly in the members of the genera Halomonas and Marinobacter. Most of the enzymes were produced in the stationary phase of growth and the maximum enzyme activity was experienced in strain GBPx3 (Vibrio sp.) for L-asparaginase at 1.0 IU/ml, strain R2S25 (Rhodococcus sp.) for L-glutaminase at 0.6 IU/ml and strain GAAy3 (Planococcus sp.) for L-arginase at 3.1 IU/ml. The optimum temperature and pH for L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase activities in selected strains were similar to the physiological conditions of human body and the enzymes could tolerate NaCl up to 7.5% concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdis Zolfaghar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Babavalian
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tebyanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Badoei-Dalfard A, Karami Z, Malekabadi S. Construction of CLEAs-lipase on magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite: An efficient nanobiocatalyst for biodiesel production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 278:473-476. [PMID: 30679063 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, cross linked enzyme aggregates of Lipase (CLEAs-lip) was synthesized and immobilized on the magnetic amino functionalized graphene oxide (maGO-CLEAs-lip) nanocomposites. The immobilized lipase showed a broad range of temperature activity about 40-60 °C, as compared to free enzyme. In the case of maGO-CLEAs-lip nanocomposite, the observed lower Km value state 2.25 folds affinity for the p-nitrophenyl palmitate. Enzyme activity of maGO-CLEAs-lip nanocomposite was the highest up to 5 cycles. Storage stability results displayed maGO-CLEAs-lip retained about 75% of its original activity after 30 days of incubation. Remarkably, maGO-CLEAs-lip formed the highest biodiesel construction (78%) from R. communisoil after 24 h of incubation. The biodiesel yield of this nanocomposite was 3.0 folds higher than free enzyme, making it talented as an excellent nanobiocatalyst for efficient production of biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arastoo Badoei-Dalfard
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production (RTIPP), Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Zahra Karami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saied Malekabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Niyonzima FN. Detergent-compatible bacterial cellulases. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 59:134-147. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francois N. Niyonzima
- Department of Biotechnologies; Faculty of Applied Fundamental Sciences; INES-Ruhengeri Rwanda
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Aarti C, Khusro A, Agastian P. Carboxymethyl cellulase production optimization from Glutamicibacter arilaitensis strain ALA4 and its application in lignocellulosic waste biomass saccharification. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:853-866. [PMID: 30303451 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1514513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In this context, carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) production from Glutamicibacter arilaitensis strain ALA4 was initially optimized by one factor at a time (OFAT) method using goat dung as proficient feedstock. Two-level full factorial design (25 factorial matrix) using first-order polynomial model revealed the significant (p < 0.05) influence of pH, moisture, and peptone on CMCase activity. Central composite design at N = 20 was further taken into account using a second-order polynomial equation, and thereby liberated maximum CMCase activity of 4925.56 ± 31.61 U/g in the goat dung medium of pH 8.0 and 100% moisture containing 1% (w/w) peptone, which was approximately two fold increment with respect to OFAT method. Furthermore, the partially purified CMCase exhibited stability not only at high pH and temperature but also in the presence of varied metal ions, organic solvents, surfactants, and inhibitors with pronounced residual activities. The enzymatic hydrolysis using partially purified CMCase depicted the maximum liberation of fermentable sugars from alkali pretreated lignocellulosic wastes biomass in the order of paddy straw (13.8 ± 0.15 mg/g) > pomegranate peel (9.1 ± 0.18 mg/g) > sweet lime peel (8.37 ± 0.16 mg/g), with saccharification efficiency of 62.1 ± 0.8, 40.95 ± 0.4, and 37.66 ± 0.4%, respectively after 72 hr of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirom Aarti
- a Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology , Loyola College , Chennai , India
| | - Ameer Khusro
- a Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology , Loyola College , Chennai , India
| | - Paul Agastian
- a Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology , Loyola College , Chennai , India
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