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Lee C, Park JM, Hillman PF, Yoo M, Kim HY, Lee CS, Nam SJ. Anti-Melanogenic Activity of Undecylprodigiosin, a Red Pigment Isolated from a Marine Streptomyces sp. SNA-077. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:492-498. [PMID: 38651201 PMCID: PMC11214958 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioassay and HPLC-UV guided fractionations of the crude extract of marine-derived Streptomyces sp. SNA-077 have led to the isolation of a red pigment, undecylprodigiosin (1). The chemical structure of undecylprodigiosin (1) was revealed by the interpretation of NMR and mass spectroscopic (MS) data. Further, anti-melanogenic effects of undecylprodigiosin (1) were investigated. First, the melanin contents of undecylprodigiosin (1)-treated B16 cells were evaluated. Furthermore, undecylprodigiosin (1) significantly inhibited the key enzymes involved in melanogenesis, including tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein-1 (TYRP-1), and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT). The mRNA and protein expression levels of Microphthalmia-associated transcriptian factor (MiTF), a critical transcription factor for tyrosinase gene expression, were also suppressed by undecylprodigiosin (1) treatment in B16 analyses. Collectively, our results suggest for the first time that undecylprodigiosin (1), a potent component isolated from an extract of marine Streptomyces sp. SNA-077, critically exerts the anti-melanogenic ability for melanin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeyoung Lee
- , Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Park
- , Department of Beauty and Cosmetic Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Prima F. Hillman
- , Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyi Yoo
- , Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Kim
- , Department of Beauty and Cosmetic Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Lee
- , Department of Beauty and Cosmetic Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- , Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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2
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Liu F, Xu T, He J, Jiang Y, Qu L, Wang L, Ma J, Yang Q, Wu W, Sun D, Chen Y. Exploring the potential of white birch sap: A natural alternative to traditional skin whitening agents with reduced side effects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26715. [PMID: 38455547 PMCID: PMC10918162 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Common tyrosinase (TYR) inhibitors used in cosmetics, such as hydroquinone, kojic acid, and arbutin, can cause side effects including erythema, skin peeling, and dryness. Therefore, the development of natural whitening agents that offer excellent permeability, minimal irritation, and high safety has become a primary focus in the field of TYR inhibitors. In this study, we demonstrate that White birch sap (WBS), within a safe concentration range, effectively reduces TYR activity and melanin content in both B16F10 mouse melanoma cells and zebrafish larvae. Importantly, WBS exhibits minimal irritation to neutrophils in fluorescent zebrafish and does not affect the behavior of adult zebrafish. Furthermore, WBS downregulates the gene expression levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, TYR, tyrosinase-related protein-1, and tyrosinase-related protein-2 in B16F10 cells. In conclusion, our research confirms that WBS, a naturally derived substance, offers high safety and mild effects, making it a promising candidate for a skin-whitening agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jiaxuan He
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yiting Jiang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Linkai Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qinsi Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 32400, China
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Park HJ, Kim K, Lee EY, Hillman PF, Nam SJ, Lim KM. Methylanthranilate, a Food Fragrance Attenuates Skin Pigmentation through Downregulation of Melanogenic Enzymes by cAMP Suppression. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:231-239. [PMID: 38296651 PMCID: PMC10902701 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Methyl anthranilate (MA) is a botanical fragrance used in food flavoring with unexplored potential in anti-pigment cosmetics. MA dose-dependently reduced melanin content without affecting cell viability, inhibited dendrite elongation and melanosome transfer in the co-culture system of human melanoma cells (MNT-1) and human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), and downregulated melanogenic genes, including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 and 2 (TRP-1, TRP-2). Additionally, MA decreased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production and exhibited a significant anti-pigmentary effect in Melanoderm™. These results suggest that MA is a promising anti-pigmentary agent for replacing or complementing existing anti-pigmentary cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heui-Jin Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuri Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Prima F Hillman
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Zhang X, Xu J, Ma M, Zhao Y, Song Y, Zheng B, Wen Z, Gong M, Meng L. Heat-Killed Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 Improved UVB-Induced Photoaging Via Antiwrinkle and Antimelanogenesis Impacts. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:1318-1331. [PMID: 36588480 DOI: 10.1111/php.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is the main factor from the environment to cause skin photoaging. Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469, is a probiotic strain with a good track record for enhancing human health. The present study conducted the impacts of heat-killed L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 (RL) on photoaging in vitro using mouse skin fibroblast (MSF) cells and human epidermal melanocytes (HEM) exposed to UVB. The results showed that (1) RL-protected UVB-induced cytotoxicity relating to absorb UVB and reduce DNA damage. (2) RL exerted the antiwrinkle impact involved in two aspects. Firstly, RL downregulated MMP-1, 2, 3 expressions associating with MAPK signaling, resulting in the increased the protein expression of COL1A1, further booting type I collagen abundant thereby promoting the antiwrinkle impact in MSF cells. Secondly, RL reduced ROS content, further decreasing oxidative damage relating to Nrf2/Sirt3/SOD2 signaling, thereby promoting the antiwrinkle impact in MSF cells. (3) RL suppressed tyrosinase and TYRP-2 activity and/or levels associating with PKA/CREB/MITF signaling, thereby promoting antimelanogenesis impact in HEM cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that RL could reduce photoaging caused by UVB via antiwrinkle and antimelanogenesis properties and may be a potential antiphotoaging beneficial component, which is applied in the cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhang
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingzhu Ma
- Zhejiang Marine Development Research Institute, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yadong Zhao
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Song
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengshun Wen
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingting Meng
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
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Li HL, Li MJ, Xiong GQ, Cai J, Liao T, Zu XY. Silver Carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Scale Collagen Peptides-1 (SCPs1) Inhibit Melanogenesis through Downregulation of the cAMP-CREB Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112449. [PMID: 37299410 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of silver carp scale collagen peptides (SCPs1) on melanogenesis and its mechanism of action were examined in mouse melanoma cells (B16). The cell viability and effects of SCPs1 on intracellular tyrosinase (TYR) activity and melanin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content were examined. The regulatory mechanism of SCPs1 on the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway was analyzed. The cell viability of the SCPs1 group was >80% (0.01-1 mg/mL) and the inhibitory rate of SCPs1 on B16 cell melanin increased in a dose-dependent manner. The highest inhibitory rate of SCPs1 on melanin content reaching 80.24%. SCPs1 significantly increased the GSH content and decreased the tyrosinase activity, as well as the content of ROS and cAMP. Western blot analysis showed that SCPs1 significantly inhibited melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) expression and CREB phosphorylation in the cAMP-CREB signaling pathway, leading to downregulation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and the expression of TYR, TYR-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2. SCPs1 also inhibited the expression of MC1R, MITF, TYR, TRP-1 and TRP-2 at the transcriptional level. Taken together, SCPs1 inhibited melanin synthesis through the downregulation of the cAMP-CREB signaling pathway. Fish-derived collagen peptides could potentially be applied in skin whitening products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Mei-Jin Li
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Guang-Quan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Tao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zu
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
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Han X, Gao H, Lai H, Zhu W, Wang Y. Anti-Aβ42 Aggregative Polyketides from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Fungus Pseudogymnoascus sp. OUCMDZ-3578. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:882-890. [PMID: 36861650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Seven new polyketides, diphenyl ketone (1), diphenyl ketone glycosides (2-4), diphenyl ketone-diphenyl ether dimer (6), and anthraquinone-diphenyl ketone dimers (7 and 8), together with compound 5, were isolated from the psychrophilic fungus Pseudogymnoascus sp. OUCMDZ-3578 fermented at 16 °C and identified by spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of 2-4 were determined by acid hydrolysis and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone precolumn derivatization. The configuration of 5 was first determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 6 and 8 showed the highest activity against amyloid beta (Aβ42) aggregation with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.10 and 0.18 μM, respectively. They also showed strong abilities to chelate with metal ions, especially iron, were sensitive to Aβ42 aggregation induced by metal ions, and displayed depolymerizing activity. Compounds 6 and 8 show potential as leads for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent Aβ42 aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Han
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hai Gao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Huanyan Lai
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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7
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Zhang J, Zhu Y, Si J, Wu L. Metabolites of medicine food homology-derived endophytic fungi and their activities. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1882-1896. [PMID: 36276242 PMCID: PMC9579210 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicine food homology (MFH) substances not only provide essential nutrients as food but also have corresponding factors that can prevent and help treat nutritional imbalances, chronic disease, and other related issues. Endophytic fungi associated with plants have potential for use in drug discovery and food therapy. However, the endophytic fungal metabolites from MFH plants and their effects have been overlooked. Therefore, this review focuses on the various biological activities of 108 new metabolites isolated from 53 MFH-derived endophytic fungi. The paper explores the potential nutritional and medicinal value of metabolites of MFH-derived endophytic fungi for food and medical applications. This research is important for the future development of effective, safe, and nontoxic therapeutic nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Heat-Killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Ameliorated UVB-Induced Oxidative Damage and Photoaging and Its Underlying Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101875. [PMID: 36290598 PMCID: PMC9598452 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is a major environmental causative factor of skin oxidative damage and photoaging. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei is a well-known probiotic strain that can regulate skin health. The present study investigated the effects of heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (PL) on UVB linked oxidative damage and photoaging in skin cells (Normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells and B16F10 murine melanoma cells). Results demonstrated that: (1) PL prevented UVB-induced cytotoxicity relating to decreased DNA damage in NHDF and B16F10 cells; (2) PL alleviated UVB-induced oxidative damage through increasing GSH content, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities and mRNA levels (except MnSOD activity and mRNA levels as well as CAT mRNA level) relating to the activation of Sirt1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling in NHDF cells; (3) PL attenuated UVB-induced photoaging was noticed with a decrease in the percentage of SA-β-gal positive cells in NHDF cells model. Moreover, PL attenuated UVB-induced photoaging through exerting an anti-wrinkling effect by enhancing the type I collagen level relating to the inhibition (JNK, p38)/(c-Fos, c-Jun) of signaling in NHDF cells, and exerting an anti-melanogenic effect by suppressing tyrosinase and TYRP-1 activity and/or expressions relating to the inhibition of PKA/CREB/MITF signaling in B16F10 cells. In conclusion, PL could ameliorate UVB-induced oxidative damage and photoaging. Therefore, PL may be a potential antioxidant and anti-photoaging active ingredient for the cosmetic industry.
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Deoxyvasicinone with Anti-Melanogenic Activity from Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. CNQ-617. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020155. [PMID: 35200684 PMCID: PMC8874703 DOI: 10.3390/md20020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The tricyclic quinazoline alkaloid deoxyvasicinone (DOV, 1) was isolated from a marine-derived Streptomyces sp. CNQ-617, and its anti-melanogenic effects were investigated. Deoxyvasicinone was shown to decrease the melanin content of B16F10 and MNT-1 cells that have been stimulated by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). In addition, microscopic images of the cells showed that deoxyvasicinone attenuated melanocyte activation. Although, deoxyvasicinone did not directly inhibit tyrosinase (TYR) enzymatic activity, real-time PCR showed that it inhibited the mRNA expression of TYR, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2). In the artificial 3D pigmented skin model MelanodermTM, deoxyvasicinone brightened the skin significantly, as confirmed by histological examination. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the marine microbial natural product deoxyvascinone has an anti-melanogenic effect through downregulation of melanogenic enzymes.
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Kim S, Le TC, Han SA, Hillman PF, Hong A, Hwang S, Du YE, Kim H, Oh DC, Cha SS, Lee J, Nam SJ, Fenical W. Saccharobisindole, Neoasterric Methyl Ester, and 7-Chloro-4(1H)-quinolone: Three New Compounds Isolated from the Marine Bacterium Saccharomonospora sp. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:35. [PMID: 35049890 PMCID: PMC8778701 DOI: 10.3390/md20010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the chemical components from the culture broth of the marine bacterium Saccharomonospora sp. CNQ-490 has yielded three novel compounds: saccharobisindole (1), neoasterric methyl ester (2), and 7-chloro-4(1H)-quinolone (3), in addition to acremonidine E (4), pinselin (5), penicitrinon A (6), and penicitrinon E (7). The chemical structures of the three novel compounds were elucidated by the interpretation of 1D, 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data. Compound 2 generated weak inhibition activity against Bacillus subtilis KCTC2441 and Staphylococcus aureus KCTC1927 at concentrations of 32 μg/mL and 64 μg/mL, respectively, whereas compounds 1 and 3 did not have any observable effects. In addition, compound 2 displayed weak anti-quorum sensing (QS) effects against S. aureus KCTC1927 and Micrococcus luteus SCO560.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Kim
- The Graduate School of Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.K.); (S.-A.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Tu Cam Le
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Sang-Ah Han
- The Graduate School of Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.K.); (S.-A.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Prima F. Hillman
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (P.F.H.); (S.-S.C.)
| | - Ahreum Hong
- The Graduate School of Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (S.K.); (S.-A.H.); (A.H.)
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, REDONE Seoul, Seoul 08594, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Hwang
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.H.); (Y.E.D.); (D.-C.O.)
| | - Young Eun Du
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.H.); (Y.E.D.); (D.-C.O.)
| | - Hiyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.H.); (Y.E.D.); (D.-C.O.)
| | - Sun-Shin Cha
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (P.F.H.); (S.-S.C.)
| | - Jihye Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (P.F.H.); (S.-S.C.)
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, REDONE Seoul, Seoul 08594, Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (P.F.H.); (S.-S.C.)
| | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0204, USA
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