PAR immobilized colorimetric fiber for heavy metal ion detection and adsorption

Core/shell hybrid fiber with aminated PAN and Fe2O3 as a high-capacity adsorbent for phosphate ions

APANF@Fe₂O₃, a phosphate adsorbent, was synthesized in two steps: the immobilization of an amine group onto polyacrylonitrile fiber (PANF) and the adsorption of an iron ion on aminated PANF (APANF). The amination degree of the PANF was adjusted considering its mechanical properties. The Fe₂O₃ on the surface of the APANF played a role as a phosphate-grasping layer via a ligand-exchange reaction. The APANF@Fe₂O₃ showed a considerable PO₄^3- adsorption amount of ca. 6 mmol/g at a low pH region (ca. 2-7) and 3 mmol/g at a high pH region (ca. 8-12). The adsorption data were interpreted with various kinetic and isotherm models. The Langmuir model was more suitable than the Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models to fit the experimental data of the phosphate adsorption on the APANF@Fe₂O₃ and the pseudo-second-order model was better matched than the pseudo-first-order and Elovich's models. The results of this study demonstrate that the surface of the fibrous adsorbent was homogenous and the phosphate adsorption behavior of the APANF@Fe₂O₃ followed a simultaneous chemisorption process into the Fe₂O₃ layer.

Recognition of trace organic pollutant and toxic metal ions via a tailored fluorescent metal–organic coordination polymer in water environment

A novel fluorescence material H₂Sr₂(bqdc)₃(phen)₂ (1) for trace recognition of organic pollutant and toxic metal ions is designed and prepared by two weak fluorescent ligands and Sr²⁺. The latter was selected although it played no role in the modulation process of luminescence and despite low-cost, alkaline earth, metal–organic coordination polymers lacking competitive functionality. The strong fluorescence of the fluorescence material was based on the propeller configuration of the metal–organic coordination polymer, which was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction showing that the N active sites inside the crystal channels can interact with external guests. Convenient fluorescence detection of 3-AT can be realized using an ultraviolet lamp and test strip and the determination of Cd²⁺ showed good reusability with a detection limit of 1 × 10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹, which is lower than the standard stipulated by the Environmental Protection Agency. Detailed experiments results revealed that the material was a promising candidate for specifically recognizing amitrole and Cd²⁺ because of its selective fluorescence quenching and sensitive detection in water.

Complexes with strong fluorescence can conveniently detect the trace organic pollutant amitrole and repeatedly recognize toxic Cd²⁺with a low detection limit.

Thiourea modified polyacrylnitrile fibers as efficient Pd(ii) scavengers

N-(2-Aminoethyl)thiourea functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber was prepared and used for scavenging Pd in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).

Highly selective and efficient chelating fiber functionalized by bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino group for heavy metal ions

A classical bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino group-modified polyacrylonitrile fiber possesses high selectivity and excellent recyclability for heavy metal ion absorption.

An overwhelmingly selective colorimetric sensor for Ag(+) using a simple modified polyacrylonitrile fiber

A carboxymethyl-dithiocarbamate immobilized polyacrylonitrile fiber colorimetric sensor has been synthesized. This fiber sensor exhibits excellent selectivity and sensitivity for Ag(+) in aqueous solution with a remarkable color change from light pink to red-brown over a wide pH range of 2-12. The sensor responds selectively to Ag(+) in the presence of other ions, including Mg(2+), Al(3+), Ca(2+), Cr(3+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+), Hg(2+) and Pb(2+). The colorimetric sensor has an extremely fast response time (10s) and a low visual limit of detection (5.53×10(-12) mol/L). The fiber sensor also undergoes an obvious color change in the presence of Ag(+) solutions containing EDTA, NaCl or NaBr. Density functional theory optimization reveals that the sensor and Ag(+) interact via a seven-membered ring complexation mechanism.

Adsorption of anionic MO or cationic MB from MO/MB mixture using polyacrylonitrile fiber hydrothermally treated with hyperbranched polyethylenimine

One-step hydrothermal treatment of polyacrylonitrile fiber (PANF) with hyperbranched polyethylenimine (HPEI) resulted in zwitterionic PANF-g-HPEI that contained not only the grafted HPEI moieties but also many COOH groups generated in situ. Increasing the weight gain of PANF-g-HPEI from 10% to 90% resulted in the increase of its COOH, amino and amide groups from 0.12 to 1.86 mmol/g, 1.44 to 8.90 mmol/g, and 0.67 to 2.12 mmol/g, respectively. Dye adsorption experiments demonstrated that (1) such PANF-g-HPEIs could effectively adsorb anionic Methyl Orange (MO) or cationic Methylene Blue (MB), through the pretreatment with acidic or basic solution, respectively; (2) PANF-g-HPEIs could selectively adsorb the anionic MO or the cationic MB from MO/MB mixture through the pretreatment with solution of pH=5 or 10, respectively; (3) the cationic or anionic dyes adsorbed by PANF-g-HPEIs could be reversibly desorbed by the aqueous solution of pH=1 or 10, respectively; (4) PANF-g-HPEI could be recycled efficiently, and its dye adsorption performances did not show pronounced loss even after 10 adsorption/desorption cycles, superior to PANF treated with the low molar-mass polyamines.

An inorganic-organic hybrid optical sensor for heavy metal ion detection based on immobilizing 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol on functionalized HMS

A novel and low-cost optical sensor for heavy metal ion detection has been prepared by immobilizing 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) on the functionalized hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) via N-trimethoxysilylpropyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride (TMAC). The successful fabrication of this optical sensor is confirmed by extensive characterizations using FT-IR, low angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy and N(2) sorption, meanwhile its colorimetric properties, selectivity, sensitivity and reversibility are also investigated. The optical sensor responds selectively to heavy metal ions, such as Fe(3+), Cd(2+), Ni(2+), Zn(2+), Pb(2+), Co(2+), Hg(2+) and Cu(2+) with a color change from yellow to orange or purple in alkaline solutions, while it shows a color change only for Cu(2+) under strongly acidic conditions. At pH 12.0, this optical sensor has a high sensitivity that makes it possible to detect Cu(2+) in aqueous solution with the detection limit as low as 40ppb by naked-eye. This optical sensor also shows excellent reversibility and regeneration by treatment with a solution of EDTA.