1
|
Nguyen HT, Pham VQ, Nguyen TPM, Nguyen TTT, Tu BM, Le PT. Emission and distribution profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in solid residues of municipal and industrial waste incinerators, Northern Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38255-38268. [PMID: 36580247 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations and profiles of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in particulate matter (PM10), fly ash (FA), and bottom ash (BA) were examined in three incineration residues. Samples were collected from different municipal and industrial solid waste incinerators in Northern Vietnam. The average concentrations of total PAHs in PM10, fly ash, and bottom ash were 9.55 × 103 ng/Nm3, 215 × 103 ng/g, and 2.38 ng/g, respectively. Low-molecular-weight PAHs (2 to 3 rings) were predominant in most samples. The emission factor of total PAHs decreased in the order of FA > BA > PM10. A higher concentration of total PAHs was found in industrial facilities than that in municipal ones. The high carcinogenic proportion of PAHs together with significantly high annual emissions reflect the high pollution risk to the ecosystem by PAHs in the case of reuse of incineration ashes (e.g., brick production). Regarding the carcinogenic risk of PAH-bounded ashes or particles, calculations from this study imply the significant threat for workers who have been manipulated in the incineration facilities, directly exposed to fly and bottom ashes. Meanwhile, the risk from PAH-bound particulate was not considered a significant threat for both normal adults and children. Further study on PAHs contained in incinerator waste dumps should be conducted in Vietnam to assess the potential contamination risk of these incineration by-products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hue Thi Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Viet Quoc Pham
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Phuong Mai Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Thanh Xuan, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Thai Nguyen University, Tan Thinh Ward, Thai Nguyen City, 24000, Vietnam
| | - Binh Minh Tu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong street, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thu Le
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kalugina OV, Afanasyeva LV, Mikhailova TA, Filinova NV. Activity of low-molecular weight components of Larix sibirica antioxidant system under exposure to technogenic pollution. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:1492-1505. [PMID: 36445649 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the antioxidant protection system of Larix sibirica Ledeb at different pollution levels caused by emissions from a large aluminum smelter (BrAS) have been studied. We revealed that the content of peroxide (H2O2) in the needles is a reliable marker of oxidative stress in the trees under pollution. The crucial role of non-enzymatic components, in particular, proline, phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, glutathione, in reducing the level of free radicals in the needles cells was found. Proline concentration in the needles significantly rises with the increase in pollution levels from low to high. Under critical level pollution, it decreases by 40% compared to the background. The total content of ascorbic acid (ASC) in the needles of polluted trees varies slightly; however, there are significant changes in its various forms. With an increase in pollution to a high level, the content of the reduced form of ASC in the needles increases by 1.5-2.9 times compared to the background content. At a critical level of pollution, the total level of ascorbic acid and its reduced form falls, the content of the oxidized form reaches minimum values. The total content of phenolic compounds in the needles increased by 50-55%, concentration of flavonoids by 1.5-1.8 times, catechins by 1.9-2.5 times, proanthocyanidins by 45% compared to the background level under low, moderate, high pollution, whereas under critical pollution their content decreased. The absolute concentration of the reduced form glutathione in the needles falls by 1.9-3.0 times, the oxidized form increases by 1.5-2.0 times compared to the background. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione decreased, especially during critical pollution. The data obtained show significant activation of Siberian larch biochemical protection at low, moderate and high levels of pollution by the aluminum smelter emissions. At a critical levels of contamination, a significant depletion of the pool of low-molecular antioxidants was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vladimirovna Kalugina
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Vladimirovna Afanasyeva
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sakhyanova str., 6, 670047, Ulan-Ude, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Alekseevna Mikhailova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Vladimirovna Filinova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lermontov str., 132, 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim D, Hwang KS, Koh WG, Lee C, Lee JY. Volatile Organic Compound Sensing Array and Optoelectronic Filter System using Ion-Pairing Dyes with a Wide Visible Spectrum. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203671. [PMID: 35818108 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An ideal dye-based sensing array has essential design requirements, including facile preparation methodology, tolerance to water vapor, a broad range of color-responsive changes, and a simple readout system. Here, a brief synthetic route is developed for ion-pairing dyes exhibiting unusual chromatic changes across the entire visible spectrum. It requires only mixing and precipitation under mild conditions. The dyes are applied to a sensing array containing 12 sensing elements with different initial states. Owing to the numerous color variations of the dyes, the color map generated by the array is highly simple yet sufficiently accurate to distinguish among the different functional groups (such as amines, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids) as well as carbon chain lengths. Principle component analysis (PCA) demonstrates that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be well classified according to the color changes of the sensing array. The ion-pairing dyes are embedded into 3D stacked nanofibers via electrospinning, and function as effective harmful-gas (e.g., formaldehyde) sensors with sub-ppm theoretical detection limits (0.15 ppm). Finally, the 3D stacked nanofibers can be employed in an optoelectronic filter system that automatically checks for formaldehyde in the surroundings and also confirms the effective removal of the detected formaldehyde by the gas filter cartridge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghyun Kim
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 09722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Seob Hwang
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 09722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanmin Lee
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Cheonan-si, 31056, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A Novel Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment Approach to Air Emissions and Human Health Impacts of Liquefied Natural Gas Supply Chain. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14196278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Global interest in LNG products and supply chains is growing, and demand continues to rise. As a clean energy source, LNG can nevertheless emit air pollutants, albeit at a lower level than transitional energy sources. An LNG plant capable of producing up to 126 MMTA was successfully developed and simulated in this study. A hybrid life cycle assessment model was developed to examine the social and human health impacts of the LNG supply chain’s environmental air emission formation. The Multiregional Input–Output (MRIO) database, the Aspen HYSYS model, and the LNG Maritime Transportation Emission Quantification Tool are the key sources of information for this extensive novel study. We began our research by grouping environmental emissions sources according to the participation of each stage in the supply chain. The MDEA Sweetening plant, LNG loading (export terminal), and LNG transportation stages were discovered to have the maximum air emissions. The midpoint air emissions data estimated each stage’s CO2-eq, NOx-eq, and PM2.5-eq emissions per unit LNG generated. According to the midpoint analysis results, the LNG loading terminal has the most considerable normalized CO2-eq and NOx-eq emission contribution across all LNG supply chain stages. Furthermore, the most incredible intensity value for normalized PM2.5-eq was recorded in the SRU and TGTU units. Following the midpoint results, the social human health impact findings were calculated using ReCiPe 2016 characterization factors to quantify the daily loss of life associated with the LNG process chain. SRU and TGTU units have the most significant social human health impact, followed by LNG loading (export terminal) with about 7409.0 and 1203.9 (DALY/million Ton LNG produced annually), respectively. Natural gas extraction and NGL recovery and fractionation units are the lowest for social human health consequences.
Collapse
|
5
|
Shuai J, Kim S, Ryu H, Park J, Lee CK, Kim GB, Ultra VU, Yang W. Health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds exposure near Daegu dyeing industrial complex in South Korea. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:528. [PMID: 29678134 PMCID: PMC5910572 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying human health in areas with industrial contamination is a serious and complex issue. In recent years, attention has increasingly focused on the health implications of large industrial complexes. A variety of potential toxic chemicals have been produced during manufacturing processes and activities in industrial complexes in South Korea. A large number of dyeing industries gathered together in Daegu dyeing industrial complex. The residents near the industrial complex could be often exposed to volatile organic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate VOCs levels in the ambient air of DDIC, to assess the impact on human health risks, and to find more convincing evidences to prove these VOCs emitted from DDIC. METHODS According to deterministic risk assessment, inhalation was the most important route. Residential indoor, outdoor and personal exposure air VOCs were measured by passive samplers in exposed area and controlled area in different seasons. Satisfaction with ambient environments and self-reported diseases were also obtained by questionnaire survey. The VOCs concentrations in exposed area and controlled area was compared by t-test. The relationships among every VOC were tested by correlation. The values of hazard quotient (HQ) and life cancer risk were estimated. RESULTS The concentrations of measured VOCs were presented, moreover, the variety of concentrations according the distances from the residential settings to the industrial complex site in exposed area. The residential indoor, outdoor, and personal exposure concentrations of toluene, DMF and chloroform in exposed area were significantly higher than the corresponding concentrations in controlled area both in summer and autumn. Toluene, DMF, chloroform and MEK had significantly positive correlations with each other in indoor and outdoor, and even in personal exposure. The HQ for DMF exceeded 1, and the life cancer risk of chloroform was greater than 10- 4 in exposed area. The prevalence of respiratory diseases, anaphylactic diseases and cardiovascular diseases in exposed area were significantly higher than in controlled area. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that adverse cancer and non-cancer health effects may occur by VOCs emitted from DDIC, and some risk managements are needed. Moreover, this study provides a convenient preliminarily method for pollutants source characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Shuai
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea.,College of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Sunshin Kim
- Environmental Health Center for Hazardous Gas Exposure, Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Gumi, Korea
| | - Hyeonsu Ryu
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Park
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea
| | - Chae Kwan Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Seo-gu, South Korea
| | - Venecio U Ultra
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Wonho Yang
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 712-702, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Environmental Analysis of Petrol, Diesel and Electric Passenger Cars in a Belgian Urban Setting. ENERGIES 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/en9020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Sung LY, Shie RH, Lu CJ. Locating sources of hazardous gas emissions using dual pollution rose plots and open path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 265:30-40. [PMID: 24333712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new approach employing two pollution rose plots to locate the sources of multiple hazardous gas emissions was proposed and tested in an industrial area. The data used for constructing the pollution rose plots were obtained from two side-by-side measurements of open-path Fourier Transform Infrared (OP-FTIR) spectrometers during one week of continuous analysis on the rooftop of a semiconductor plant. Hazardous gases such as CF4, C2F6, CH3OH, NH3, NO2, and SF6 were found and quantified at the ppb level by both OP-FTIR measurement sites. The data of the top 20% highest concentrations and associated wind directions were used to construct the pollution rose plots. Pollution source probability contours for each compound were constructed using the probability-product of directional probability from two pollution rose plots. Hot spots for SF6, CF4, NO2, and C2F6 pointed to the stack area of the plant, but the sources of CH3OH and NH3 were found outside of this plant. The influences of parameters for this approach such as the variation in wind direction, lower limit concentration threshold and the nearby buildings were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Yu Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu 30011, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Hou Shie
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu 30011, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|