1
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Gu K, Gao X, Chen Y, Qin W, Han J. Closed-loop recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries based on selective sulfidation: An unconventional approach. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 169:32-42. [PMID: 37393754 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The facile recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted considerable attention because of its great importance to environmental protection and resource utilization. A novel process is developed for cyclic utilization of spent LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) batteries. The spent NCM was converted into water-soluble Li2CO3, acid-dissolved MnO, and nickel-cobalt sulfides through selective sulfidation, based on roasting condition optimization and thermodynamic calculation. More than 98 % of lithium is extracted preferentially from calcined NCM through water leaching, and over 99 % of manganese is extracted selectively from water leaching residue with H2SO4 solution of 0.4 mol/L in the absence of additional reductant. The nickel and cobalt sulfides were concentrated into the leaching residue without metal impurities. The obtained Li2CO3, MnSO4, and nickel-cobalt sulfides can be regenerated as new NCM, showing good electrochemical performance, and its discharge capacity is 169.8 mAh/g at 0.2C. After 100 cycles at 0.2C, the discharge specific capacity can still be maintained at 143.24 mAh/g, and its capacity retention ratio is as high as 92 %. An environmental assessment and economic evaluation indicate that the process is an economical and eco-friendly approach for green recycling of spent LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhong Gu
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xuesong Gao
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wenqing Qin
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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2
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Chu L, Kang X, Li D, Song X, Zhao X. The toxicological mechanism of two typical imidazole ionic liquids in textile industry on Isatis tinctoria. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:130042. [PMID: 33647681 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs1) which are called "green solvents", are used widely in the textile industry as adjuvants due to their many advantages. However, their persistent residues may cause ecotoxicity. The aim of the study is to explore the toxicity of different anions on imidazole ILs and their toxicological mechanism. For the experiments 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafloroborate ([C4mim]BF4) and 1- butyl -3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl) were selected to study their toxic effects on Isatis tinctoria. ILs may affect the germination rate. Fresh weight, dry weight and Hill reaction activity decreased continuously with increasing of IL concentrations, showing an effect-dose relationship. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that cell walls were fuzzy, starch granules had accumulated and the chloroplast structure was damaged. These changes will affected the function and electron transport efficiency of photosystemⅡ. Superoxide anion accumulation stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) and caused lipid peroxidation as well as an increased malondialdehyde content. ILs also reduced indirubin and total flavonoids contents, which reduced the pharmacological efficacy of Isatis tinctoria. This is demonstrated by three-dimensional fluorescence chromatogram. [C4mim]Cl was more toxic than [C4mim]BF4. ILs caused toxic effects to Isatis tinctoria. The ecological toxicity of ILs should be considered when using them as additives in the textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglong Chu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Xin Kang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Dongpeng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Xinshan Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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3
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Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Fundamental importance of ionic interactions in the liquid phase: A review of recent studies of ionic liquids in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Tsarpali V, Goutas A, Karyda A, Efthimiou I, Antonopoulou M, Drosopoulou E, Vlastos D, Konstantinou I, Mavragani-Tsipidou P, Dailianis S. The role of acetone in the [omim][BF 4]-mediated adverse effects on tissues of mussels, human lymphocytes and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 333:339-347. [PMID: 28380406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated [omim][BF4]-mediated adverse effects on biological models widely used in toxicological studies. Specifically, mussels of the genus Mytilus, human lymphocytes and fruit flies of the species Drosophila melanogaster, were exposed to [omim][BF4] at concentrations ranging from micro- to milligrams per liter, with or without the presence of acetone as a carrier solvent and thereafter [omim][BF4]-mediated adverse effects were analyzed appropriately (stress indices, such as lipid peroxidation byproducts, acetylcholinesterase/AChE activity and micronucleus/MN formation frequency, in mussel gills, Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus/CBMN assay and SMART test in human lymphocytes and fruit flies respectively). LC-MS-TOF analysis was also performed for elucidating [omim][BF4] mode of action in the presence of the carrier solvent. The results showed the toxic potential of [omim][BF4], as well as acetone's ability to attenuate [omim][BF4]-mediated toxicity in almost all cases, probably due to the significant effect of acetone on the hydrophilic-lipophilic character and the viscosity of [omim][BF4], as well as its interaction and permeability on the cell membranes. The slight involvement of acetone in the attenuation of [omim][BF4]-mediated genotoxic effects on D. melanogaster could be due to species feeding experimental conditions, thus favoring the induction of antioxidant defense system against the [omim][BF4]-mediated effects in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Tsarpali
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Andreas Goutas
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Karyda
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioanna Efthimiou
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, GR-30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, GR-30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Elena Drosopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlastos
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, GR-30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, GR-30100, Agrinio, Greece; Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Penelope Mavragani-Tsipidou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece.
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5
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Costa SPF, Azevedo AMO, Pinto PCAG, Saraiva MLMFS. Environmental Impact of Ionic Liquids: Recent Advances in (Eco)toxicology and (Bio)degradability. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2321-2347. [PMID: 28394478 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This Review aims to integrate the most recent and pertinent data available on the (bio)degradability and toxicity of ionic liquids for global and critical analysis and on the conscious use of these compounds on a large scale thereafter. The integrated data will enable focus on the recognition of toxicophores and on the way the community has been dealing with them, with the aim to obtain greener and safer ionic liquids. Also, an update of the most recent biotic and abiotic methods developed to overcome some of these challenging issues will be presented. The review structure aims to present a potential sequence of events that can occur upon discharging ionic liquids into the environment and the potential long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana P F Costa
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M O Azevedo
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula C A G Pinto
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- A3D-Association for Drug Discovery and Development, Rua do Baixeiro n° 38, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
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6
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Azevedo AMO, Pereira SAP, Passos MLC, Costa SPF, Pinto PCAG, Araujo ARTS, Saraiva MLMFS. Assessment of ionic liquids' toxicity through the inhibition of acylase I activity on a microflow system. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 173:351-358. [PMID: 28126569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acylase I (ACY I) plays a role in the detoxication and bioactivation of xenobiotics as well in other physiological functions. In this context, an automated ACY I assay for the evaluation of ionic liquids' (ILs) toxicity was developed. The assay was implemented in a sequential injection analysis (SIA) system and was applied to eight commercially available ILs. The SIA methodology was based on the deacetylation of N-acetyl-l-methionine with production of l-methionine, which was determined using fluorescamine. ACY I inhibition in the presence of ILs was monitored by the decrease of fluorescence intensity. The obtained results confirmed the influence of ILs' structural elements on its toxicity and revealed that pyridinium and phosphonium cations, longer alkyl side chains and tetrafluoroborate anion displayed higher toxic effect on enzyme activity. The developed methodology proved to be robust and exhibited good repeatability (RSD < 1.3%, n = 10), leading also to a reduction of reagents consumption and effluents production. Thus, it is expected that the proposed assay can be used as a novel tool for ILs' toxicity screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M O Azevedo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah A P Pereira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Avenida Rainha D. Amélia, S/N, 6300-749 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Marieta L C Passos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana P F Costa
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula C A G Pinto
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; A3D - Association for Drug Discovery and Development, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - André R T S Araujo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Avenida Dr. Francisco de Sá Carneiro, 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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7
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Salam MA, Abdullah B, Ramli A, Mujtaba I. Structural feature based computational approach of toxicity prediction of ionic liquids: Cationic and anionic effects on ionic liquids toxicity. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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8
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Dong X, Fan Y, Yang P, Kong J, Li D, Miao J, Hua S, Hu C. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) and Fluorescence Spectroscopic Investigation of the Interactions of Ionic Liquids and Catalase. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 70:1851-1860. [PMID: 27324424 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816653124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of nine ionic liquids (ILs) on the catalase activity were investigated using fluorescence, absorption ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The interactions of ILs and catalase on the molecular level were studied. The experimental results indicated that ILs could inhibit the catalase activity and their inhibitory abilities depended on their chemical structures. Fluorescence experiments showed that hydrogen bonding played an important role in the interaction process. The inhibitory abilities of ILs on catalase activity could be simply described by their hydrophobicity and hydrogen bonding abilities. Unexpected less inhibitory effects of trifluoromethanesulfonate (TfO-) might be ascribed to its larger size, which makes it difficult to go through the substrate channel of catalase to the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Dong
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Yunchang Fan
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Peng Yang
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Jichuan Kong
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Juan Miao
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Shaofeng Hua
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
| | - Chaobing Hu
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, China
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9
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Costa SPF, Martins BSF, Pinto PCAG, Saraiva MLMFS. Automated cytochrome c oxidase bioassay developed for ionic liquids' toxicity assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 309:165-172. [PMID: 26894289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A fully automated cytochrome c oxidase assay resorting to sequential injection analysis (SIA) was developed for the first time and implemented to evaluate potential toxic compounds. The bioassay was validated by evaluation of 15 ionic liquids (ILs) with distinct cationic head groups, alkyl side chains and anions. The assay was based on cytochrome c oxidase activity reduction in presence of tested compounds and quantification of inhibitor concentration required to cause 50% of enzyme activity inhibition (EC50). The obtained results demonstrated that enzyme activity was considerably inhibited by BF4 anion and ILs incorporating non-aromatic pyrrolidinium and tetrabutylphosphonium cation cores. Emim [Ac] and chol [Ac], on contrary, presented the higher EC50 values among the ILs tested. The developed automated SIA methodology is a simple and robust high-throughput screening bioassay and exhibited good repeatability in all the tested conditions (rsd<3.7%, n=10). Therefore, it is expected that due to its simplicity and low cost, the developed approach can be used as alternative to traditional screening assays for evaluation of ILs toxicity and identification of possible toxicophore structures. Additionally, the results presented in this study provide further information about ILs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana P F Costa
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, N° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara S F Martins
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, N° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula C A G Pinto
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, N° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- LAQV, Requimte, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, N° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Retaining activity of enzymes after capture and extraction within a single-drop of biological fluid using immunoaffinity membranes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1021:108-113. [PMID: 26776499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was the measurement of enzyme activity within a single-drop of biological fluid after micropurification. Esterase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) retained their enzymatic activities after being captured by membrane-immobilized antibodies, which were prepared by non-denaturing two-dimensional electrophoresis, transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride and then stained by Ponceau S. The activities of both enzymes were also measured after being captured by antibodies and biotinylated antibodies bound to membrane-immobilized protein A or avidin, respectively. After esterase and LDH were captured from biological samples by membrane-immobilized protein A or avidin, their activities were semi-quantitatively measured on the surface of the membrane using fluorescence determination. More than 51% of enzyme activities were retained even after the enzymes were captured by biotinylated antibody bound to membrane-immobilized avidin and eluted by rinsing with 5μL of 1% Triton X-100, compared with the activities of the enzyme on the immunoaffinity membrane.
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11
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Dong X, Fan Y, Zhang H, Zhong Y, Yang Y, Miao J, Hua S. Inhibitory effects of ionic liquids on the lactic dehydrogenase activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 86:155-61. [PMID: 26802246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) were widely used in scientific and industrial application and have been reported to possess potential toxicity to the environment and human health. The effects of six typical N-methylimidazolium-based ILs ([Cnmim]X, n=4, 6, 8; X=Br(-), Cl(-), BF4(-), CF3SO3(-)) on the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and the molecular interaction mechanism of ILs and the LDH were investigated with the aid of spectroscopic techniques. Experimental results showed that the LDH activity was inhibited in the presence of ILs. For the ILs with the same anion but different cations, their inhibitory ability on the LDH activity increased with increasing the alkyl chain length on the IL cation. Thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) were obtained by analyzing the fluorescence behavior of LDH with the addition of ILs. Both positive ΔH and ΔS suggested that hydrophobicity was the major driven force in the interaction process as expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Dong
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Yunchang Fan
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Yingying Zhong
- Technology Center of Ningbo Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Juan Miao
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Shaofeng Hua
- College of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
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12
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Costa SPF, Pinto PCAG, Lapa RAS, Saraiva MLMFS. Toxicity assessment of ionic liquids with Vibrio fischeri: an alternative fully automated methodology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 284:136-142. [PMID: 25463227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A fully automated Vibrio fischeri methodology based on sequential injection analysis (SIA) has been developed. The methodology was based on the aspiration of 75 μL of bacteria and 50 μL of inhibitor followed by measurement of the luminescence of bacteria. The assays were conducted for contact times of 5, 15, and 30 min, by means of three mixing chambers that ensured adequate mixing conditions. The optimized methodology provided a precise control of the reaction conditions which is an asset for the analysis of a large number of samples. The developed methodology was applied to the evaluation of the impact of a set of ionic liquids (ILs) on V. fischeri and the results were compared with those provided by a conventional assay kit (Biotox(®)). The collected data evidenced the influence of different cation head groups and anion moieties on the toxicity of ILs. Generally, aromatic cations and fluorine-containing anions displayed higher impact on V. fischeri, evidenced by lower EC50. The proposed methodology was validated through statistical analysis which demonstrated a strong positive correlation (P>0.98) between assays. It is expected that the automated methodology can be tested for more classes of compounds and used as alternative to microplate based V. fischeri assay kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana P F Costa
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula C A G Pinto
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui A S Lapa
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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13
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Cunha E, L. C. Passos M, Pinto PCAG, Saraiva MLMFS. Automated evaluation of the inhibition of glutathione reductase activity: application to the prediction of ionic liquids' toxicity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An automated bioassay based on glutathione reductase was developed and applied to the evaluation of the toxicity of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edite Cunha
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4050-313 Porto
| | - Marieta L. C. Passos
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4050-313 Porto
| | - Paula C. A. G. Pinto
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Ciências Químicas
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade do Porto
- 4050-313 Porto
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14
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Zhao Y, Zhao J, Huang Y, Zhou Q, Zhang X, Zhang S. Toxicity of ionic liquids: database and prediction via quantitative structure-activity relationship method. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 278:320-329. [PMID: 24996150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive database on toxicity of ionic liquids (ILs) is established. The database includes over 4000 pieces of data. Based on the database, the relationship between IL's structure and its toxicity has been analyzed qualitatively. Furthermore, Quantitative Structure-Activity relationships (QSAR) model is conducted to predict the toxicities (EC50 values) of various ILs toward the Leukemia rat cell line IPC-81. Four parameters selected by the heuristic method (HM) are used to perform the studies of multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector machine (SVM). The squared correlation coefficient (R(2)) and the root mean square error (RMSE) of training sets by two QSAR models are 0.918 and 0.959, 0.258 and 0.179, respectively. The prediction R(2) and RMSE of QSAR test sets by MLR model are 0.892 and 0.329, by SVM model are 0.958 and 0.234, respectively. The nonlinear model developed by SVM algorithm is much outperformed MLR, which indicates that SVM model is more reliable in the prediction of toxicity of ILs. This study shows that increasing the relative number of O atoms of molecules leads to decrease in the toxicity of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China; School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 450001 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jihong Zhao
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 450001 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China.
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15
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OuYang XK, Jin RN, Yang LP, Wen ZS, Yang LY, Wang YG, Wang CY. Partially hydrolyzed bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) as a porous Bioadsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous mixtures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:6007-15. [PMID: 24915463 DOI: 10.1021/jf5015846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel porous succinylated bioadsorbent was prepared by the partial enzymatic hydrolysis of bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) and its subsequent modification with succinic anhydride. Pb(II) removal from solutions that also contained sodium chloride and an amino acid was investigated using the bioadsorbent. Enzymatic hydrolysis increased the number of accessible hydroxyl groups and surface area of the raw bamboo, and created many pores within the material. The porous succinylated bioadsorbent exhibited high efficiency for Pb(II) binding. The sodium chloride content significantly decreased the Pb(II) adsorption capacity, whereas a minor effect was observed in the presence of arginine. The experimental data could be accurately described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model, and the adsorption proceeded via an ion exchange mechanism. Even in a solution containing sodium chloride and arginine, the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) by the porous succinylated bioadsorbent was 99.5 mg/g at 303 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-kun OuYang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan 316022, P. R. China
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16
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Shimazaki Y, Hashimoto A. A microfluidic device containing membrane-immobilized antibodies for successively capturing cytosolic enzymes. Talanta 2014; 125:400-4. [PMID: 24840463 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic device containing membrane-immobilized anti-esterase (ES) antibodies and anti-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) antibodies was prepared. The membrane was prepared by transferring antibodies that had been separated by non-denaturing two-dimensional electrophoresis to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane, which was then stained and cut into small pieces (16 mm(2)). In this microfluidic device, >0.014 Unit mL(-1) of the purified porcine carboxylesterase was specifically captured by membrane-immobilized anti- ES antibodies and >147 Unit mL(-1) of purified porcine LDH was specifically captured by membrane-immobilized anti-LDH antibodies. Furthermore, ES and LDH in micro-scale aliquots of porcine liver cytosol were successively captured by membrane-immobilized antibodies in the device, and the enzyme activities were quantitatively analyzed by spectrofluorometry. The results indicate that the microfluidic device containing membrane-immobilized antibodies can be used to investigate the activities of several types of intact enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youji Shimazaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
| | - Ai Hashimoto
- Faculty of Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
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17
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Zeng X, Li J. Innovative application of ionic liquid to separate Al and cathode materials from spent high-power lithium-ion batteries. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 271:50-56. [PMID: 24607415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increasing number of electric vehicles, there is an urgent need for effective recycling technologies to recapture the significant amount of valuable metals contained in spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). Previous studies have indicated, however, that Al and cathode materials were quite difficult to separate due to the strong binding force supplied by the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which was employed to bind cathode materials and Al foil. This research devoted to seek a new method of melting the PVDF binder with heated ionic liquid (IL) to separate Al foil and cathode materials from the spent high-power LiBs. Theoretical analysis based on Fourier's law was adopted to determine the heat transfer mechanism of cathode material and to examine the relationship between heating temperature and retention time. All the experimental and theoretic results show that peel-off rate of cathode materials from Al foil could reach 99% when major process parameters were controlled at 180°C heating temperature, 300 rpm agitator rotation, and 25 min retention time. The results further imply that the application of IL for recycling Al foil and cathode materials from spent high-power LiBs is highly efficient, regardless of the application source of the LiBs or the types of cathode material. This study endeavors to make a contribution to an environmentally sound and economically viable solution to the challenge of spent LiB recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlai Zeng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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18
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Kimura A, Shimazaki Y. Micro-scale extraction and analysis of intact carboxylesterase after trapping on an immunoaffinity membrane surface. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:4053-61. [PMID: 24610038 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Porcine liver carboxylesterase was captured using an immunoaffinity membrane, which was prepared by separating an anti-porcine esterase antibody using non-denaturing two-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by transfer to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane and staining. The activity of this esterase was 0.008 units after it was captured in the tiny spaces (4 mm(2)) of this membrane and eluted by rinsing with 5 μL of aspartic acid solution. The molecular mass of the eluted esterase was m/z 61,885 according to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry after the purification of this enzyme from the porcine liver cytosol. The purified enzyme's activity was inhibited by 6,9-diamino-2-ethoxyacridine, and this inhibition was retained even after extracting the enzyme from the immunoaffinity membrane. These results indicate that micro-scale extraction and analysis of a carboxylesterase are possible when the enzyme is trapped using an immunoaffinity membrane and eluted with aspartic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Kimura
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering (Science section), Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
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19
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Costa SPF, Justina VD, Bica K, Vasiloiu M, Pinto PCAG, Saraiva MLMFS. Automated evaluation of pharmaceutically active ionic liquids' (eco)toxicity through the inhibition of human carboxylesterase and Vibrio fischeri. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 265:133-141. [PMID: 24355776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of 16 pharmaceutical active ionic liquids (IL-APIs) was evaluated by automated approaches based on sequential injection analysis (SIA). The implemented bioassays were centered on the inhibition of human carboxylesterase 2 and Vibrio fischeri, in the presence of the tested compounds. The inhibitory effects were quantified by calculating the inhibitor concentration required to cause 50% of inhibition (EC50). The EC50 values demonstrated that the cetylpyridinium group was one of the most toxic cations and that the imidazolium group was the less toxic. The obtained results provide important information about the safety of the studied IL-APIs and their possible use as pharmaceutical drugs. The developed automated SIA methodologies are robust screening bioassays, and can be used as a generic tools to identify the (eco)toxicity of the structural elements of ILs, contributing to a sustainable development of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana P F Costa
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vanessa D Justina
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Katharina Bica
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Applied and Synthetic Chemistry, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Vasiloiu
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Applied and Synthetic Chemistry, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paula C A G Pinto
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - M Lúcia M F S Saraiva
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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