1
|
Cessur A, Albayrak İ, Demirci T, Göktürk Baydar N. Silver and salicylic acid-chitosan nanoparticles alter indole alkaloid production and gene expression in root and shoot cultures of Isatis tinctoria and Isatis ermenekensis. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 202:107977. [PMID: 37639984 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Isatis spp. are well-known for their industrial significance due to natural sources of indigotin and indirubin, important indole alkaloids, used in the dye and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and salicylic acid-chitosan nanoparticles (SA-CNP) were synthesized and applied to enhance the production of indigotin and indirubin in shoot and root cultures of Isatis tinctoria and Isatis ermenekensis. Different doses of AgNP and SA-CNP were administered to three-week-old shoot and root cultures, and the effects were assessed at 12, 24, and 48 h. The harvested samples were analyzed to quantify indigotin and indirubin levels. Furthermore, the expression levels of It-TSA and CYP79B2 genes, known to be involved in indole alkaloid biosynthesis, were determined. In I. tinctoria roots, the highest levels of indigotin and indirubin were observed after applying 150 mg L-1 of SA-CNP for 48 h while in I. ermenekensis shoots, indigotin and indirubin reached the maximum levels with the application of 8 mg L-1 AgNP for 48 h. NP application had no remarkable effects on the accumulation of indigotin and indirubin in I. tinctoria shoots and I. ermenekensis roots compared to controls. Additionally, shoot cultures demonstrated superior indirubin production, which significantly increased with AgNP applications. The gene expression analysis also exhibited significant correlations with the changes in indigotin and indirubin levels. The findings of this study lay the groundwork for enhancing in vitro production of indigotin and indirubin in Isatis species through NP applications, and for developing high-capacity production strategies by determining optimal dosages in scale-up studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alper Cessur
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, 32270, Isparta, Turkey
| | - İlknur Albayrak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, 32270, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Tunahan Demirci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Süleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Nilgün Göktürk Baydar
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, 32270, Isparta, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miceli N, Kwiecień I, Nicosia N, Speranza J, Ragusa S, Cavò E, Davì F, Taviano MF, Ekiert H. Improvement in the Biosynthesis of Antioxidant-Active Metabolites in In Vitro Cultures of Isatis tinctoria (Brassicaceae) by Biotechnological Methods/Elicitation and Precursor Feeding. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051111. [PMID: 37237977 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the in vitro shoot culture of Isatis tinctoria L. and its ability to produce antioxidant bioactive compounds. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium variants, containing different concentrations (0.1-2.0 mg/L) of benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were tested. Their influence on the growth of biomass, accumulation of phenolic compounds, and antioxidant potential was evaluated. To improve the phenolic content, agitated cultures (MS 1.0/1.0 mg/L BAP/NAA) were treated with different elicitors, including the following: Methyl Jasmonate, CaCl2, AgNO3, and yeast, as well as with L-Phenylalanine and L-Tyrosine-precursors of phenolic metabolites. The total phenolic content (TPC) of hydroalcoholic extracts (MeOH 70%) obtained from the biomass grown in vitro was determined spectrophotometrically; phenolic acids and flavonoids were quantified by RP-HPLC. Moreover, the antioxidant potential of extracts was examined through the DPPH test, the reducing power, and the Fe2+ chelating assays. The biomass extracts obtained after 72 h of supplementation with Tyr (2 g/L), as well as after 120 and 168 h with Tyr (1 g/L), were found to be the richest in TPC (49.37 ± 0.93, 58.65 ± 0.91, and 60.36 ± 4.97 mg GAE/g extract, respectively). Whereas among the elicitors, the highest TPC achieved was with CaCl2 (20 and 50 mM 24 h), followed by MeJa (50 and 100 µM, 120 h). The HPLC of the extracts led to the identification of six flavonoids and nine phenolic acids, with vicenin-2, isovitexin, syringic, and caffeic acids being the most abundant compounds. Notably, the amount of all flavonoids and phenolic acids detected in the elicited/precursor feeding biomass was higher than that of the leaves of the parental plant. The best chelating activity was found with the extract of biomass fed with Tyrosine 2 g/L, 72 h (IC50 0.27 ± 0.01 mg/mL), the strongest radical scavenging (DPPH test) for the extract obtained from biomass elicited with CaCl2 50 mM, after 24 h of incubation (25.14 ± 0.35 mg Trolox equivalents (TE)/g extract). In conclusion, the in vitro shoot culture of I. tinctoria supplemented with Tyrosine, as well as MeJa and/or CaCl2, could represent a biotechnological source of compounds with antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalizia Miceli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Inga Kwiecień
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Noemi Nicosia
- Foundation "Prof. Antonio Imbesi", University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jasmine Speranza
- Foundation "Prof. Antonio Imbesi", University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Salvatore Ragusa
- PLANTA/Research, Documentation and Training Center, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Emilia Cavò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Foundation "Prof. Antonio Imbesi", University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Davì
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Foundation "Prof. Antonio Imbesi", University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang YY, Tan YP, Sun SF, Tang JF. [Cloning and functional characterization of lignan glycosyltransferase gene IiUGT349 in Isatis indigotica]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:6587-6595. [PMID: 36604907 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220916.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on the transcriptome data of Isatis indigotica, a total of 110 putative glycosytransferases were identified. Through prokaryotic expression and enzymic activity assay in vitro, a novel lignan glycosyltransferase gene was screened out and named IiUGT349, which catalyzed lariciresinol into lariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside and lariciresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucoside. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that IiUGT349 contained an open reading frame(ORF) of 1 401 bp encoding a protein of 467 amino acids. A protein analysis indicated that IiUGT349 have a predecited molecular weight of 52.77 kDa and pI of 5.96. Phylogenetic analysis showed that IiUGT349 belonging to UGT90 family shared low amino acid sequence identity with the reported lignan glycosyltransferases, which may represent a novel type of lignan glycosyltransferases. Quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) analysis showed that IiUGT349 was expressed in roots, stems, young leaves and leaves, with the highest expression level in stems. Further biochemical analysis showed that the optimal reaction time of IiUGT349 recombinant protein was 12 h and the optimal temperature was 45 ℃. Subcellular localization demonstrated that IiUGT349 was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus of plants. In this study, a new glucosyltransferase gene IiUGT349 from I. indigotica belonging to the UGT90 family was cloned, which laid a foundation to further investigate its' function and elucidate the lignan glycosides biosynthesis pathway and plays an important role for great significance for the synthetic biology of active lignan glycosides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shu-Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jin-Fu Tang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baas J, Bieringer S, Frias C, Frias J, Soehnchen C, Urmann C, Ritter S, Riepl H, Prokop A. Dihydroxyquingdainone Induces Apoptosis in Leukaemia and Lymphoma Cells via the Mitochondrial Pathway in a Bcl-2- and Caspase-3-Dependent Manner and Overcomes Resistance to Cytostatic Drugs In Vitro. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27155038. [PMID: 35956988 PMCID: PMC9370279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Isatis tinctoria and its indigo dyes have already provided highly active anti-leukaemic lead compounds, with the focus mainly being on indirubin, whereas indigo itself is inactive. There are many more indigoids to find in this plant extract, for example, quingdainone, an indigoid derived from tryptanthrin. We present here a new synthesis of hitherto neglected substituted quingdainones, which is very necessary due to their poor solubility behaviour, and a structure-dependent anti-leukaemic activity study of a number of compounds. Substituted α-phenylaminoacrylic acid was synthesised by hydrogen sulfide extrusion from an analogue mercaptoacetic acid, available from the condensation of rhodanin and a substituted tryptanthrin. It is shown that just improving water solubility does not increase anti-leukaemic activity, since a quingdainone carboxylic acid is inactive compared to dihydroxyquingdainone. The most effective compound, dihydroxyquingdainone with an AC50 of 7.5 µmole, is further characterised, revealing its ability to overcome multidrug resistance in leukaemia cells (Nalm-6/BeKa) with p-glycoprotein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Baas
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Helios Clinic Schwerin, Wismarsche Straße 393-397, 19055 Schwerin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Municipal Clinics of Cologne, Children’s Hospital of the City Cologne, Amsterdamer Straße 59, 50735 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bieringer
- Organic-Analytical Chemistry, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Corazon Frias
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Helios Clinic Schwerin, Wismarsche Straße 393-397, 19055 Schwerin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Municipal Clinics of Cologne, Children’s Hospital of the City Cologne, Amsterdamer Straße 59, 50735 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jerico Frias
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Helios Clinic Schwerin, Wismarsche Straße 393-397, 19055 Schwerin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Municipal Clinics of Cologne, Children’s Hospital of the City Cologne, Amsterdamer Straße 59, 50735 Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolina Soehnchen
- Medical School Hamburg (MSH), University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Urmann
- Organic-Analytical Chemistry, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Steffi Ritter
- Organic-Analytical Chemistry, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Herbert Riepl
- Organic-Analytical Chemistry, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Aram Prokop
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Helios Clinic Schwerin, Wismarsche Straße 393-397, 19055 Schwerin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Municipal Clinics of Cologne, Children’s Hospital of the City Cologne, Amsterdamer Straße 59, 50735 Cologne, Germany
- Medical School Hamburg (MSH), University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.R.); (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ragusa M, Miceli N, Piras C, Bosco A, Castagna F, Rinaldi L, Musella V, Taviano MF, Britti D. In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Isatis tinctoria Extracts against Ewes' Gastrointestinal Nematodes (GINs), a Possible Application for Animal Welfare. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9030129. [PMID: 35324857 PMCID: PMC8949818 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9030129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infestation represents a limiting factor for sheep farming and milk production in Italy. The development of anthelmintic resistance to conventionally used drugs suggests the path towards the use of natural remedies as a possible alternative. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extracts of basal leaves (It-BL), cauline leaves (It-CL) and flowers (It-F) of Isatis tinctoria (Brassicaceae), a spontaneous Sicilian species renowned as an important source of bioactive compounds. The dry extracts of the different parts of the plant were tested using the egg hatch test (EHT) in vitro to verify the efficacy against ovine GIN at different concentrations (1.00, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 mg/mL). Thiabendazole and deionized water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The results obtained from EHT indicated that all the I. tinctoria extracts were highly effective (p < 0.0001) in inhibiting egg hatching within 48 h of exposure. The in vitro inhibitory effect was never less than 84% in all doses tested, and it was only slightly lower than the standard drug thiabendazole (95.6%). The current study documents the anthelmintic activity of I. tinctoria against sheep’s GIN, suggesting its application as alternative natural method to limit the use of antiparasitic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ragusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Natalizia Miceli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (N.M.); (M.F.T.)
| | - Cristian Piras
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.)
- Centro Regionale per il Monitoraggio delle Parassitosi (CREMOPAR), Regione Campania, 84025 Eboli, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.)
- Centro Regionale per il Monitoraggio delle Parassitosi (CREMOPAR), Regione Campania, 84025 Eboli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (N.M.); (M.F.T.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guan P, Zhou J, Girel S, Zhu X, Schwab M, Zhang K, Wang-Müller Q, Bigler L, Nick P. Anti-microtubule activity of the traditional Chinese medicine herb Northern Ban Lan ( Isatis tinctoria) leads to glucobrassicin. J Integr Plant Biol 2021; 63:2058-2074. [PMID: 34636476 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) belongs to the most elaborate and extensive systems of plant-based healing. The herb Northern Ban Lan (Isatis tinctoria) is famous for its antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity. Although numerous components isolated from I. tinctoria have been characterized so far, their modes of action have remained unclear. Here, we show that extracts from I. tinctoria exert anti-microtubular activity. Using time-lapse microscopy in living tobacco BY-2 (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Bright Yellow 2) cells expressing green fluorescent protein-tubulin, we use activity-guided fractionation to screen out the biologically active compounds of I. tinctoria. Among 54 fractions obtained from either leaves or roots of I. tinctoria by methanol (MeOH/H2 O 8:2), or ethyl acetate extraction, one specific methanolic root fraction was selected, because it efficiently and rapidly eliminated microtubules. By combination of further purification with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry most of the bioactivity could be assigned to the glucosinolate compound glucobrassicin. Glucobrassicin can also affect microtubules and induce apoptosis in HeLa cells. In the light of these findings, the antiviral activity of Northern Ban Lan is discussed in the context of microtubules being hijacked by many viral pathogens for cell-to-cell spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingyin Guan
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Jianning Zhou
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Sergey Girel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Xin Zhu
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Marian Schwab
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Kunxi Zhang
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Qiyan Wang-Müller
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Bigler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chu L, Kang X, Li D, Song X, Zhao X. The toxicological mechanism of two typical imidazole ionic liquids in textile industry on Isatis tinctoria. Chemosphere 2021; 275:130042. [PMID: 33647681 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs1) which are called "green solvents", are used widely in the textile industry as adjuvants due to their many advantages. However, their persistent residues may cause ecotoxicity. The aim of the study is to explore the toxicity of different anions on imidazole ILs and their toxicological mechanism. For the experiments 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafloroborate ([C4mim]BF4) and 1- butyl -3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl) were selected to study their toxic effects on Isatis tinctoria. ILs may affect the germination rate. Fresh weight, dry weight and Hill reaction activity decreased continuously with increasing of IL concentrations, showing an effect-dose relationship. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that cell walls were fuzzy, starch granules had accumulated and the chloroplast structure was damaged. These changes will affected the function and electron transport efficiency of photosystemⅡ. Superoxide anion accumulation stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) and caused lipid peroxidation as well as an increased malondialdehyde content. ILs also reduced indirubin and total flavonoids contents, which reduced the pharmacological efficacy of Isatis tinctoria. This is demonstrated by three-dimensional fluorescence chromatogram. [C4mim]Cl was more toxic than [C4mim]BF4. ILs caused toxic effects to Isatis tinctoria. The ecological toxicity of ILs should be considered when using them as additives in the textile industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linglong Chu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Xin Kang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Dongpeng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Xinshan Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nie LX, Dong J, Huang LY, Qian XY, Lian CJ, Kang S, Dai Z, Ma SC. Microscopic Mass Spectrometry Imaging Reveals the Distribution of Phytochemicals in the Dried Root of Isatis tinctoria. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:685575. [PMID: 34267659 PMCID: PMC8276017 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.685575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dried root of Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae) is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines with well-recognized prevention and treatment effects against viral infections. Above 300 components have been isolated from this herb, but their spatial distribution in the root tissue remains unknown. In recent years, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has become a booming technology for capturing the spatial accumulation and localization of molecules in fresh plants, animal, or human tissues. However, few studies were conducted on the dried herbal materials due to the obstacles in cryosectioning. In this study, distribution of phytochemicals in the dried root of Isatis tinctoria was revealed by microscopic mass spectrometry imaging, with application of atmospheric pressure-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-MALDI) and ion trap-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (IT-TOF/MS). After optimization of the slice preparation and matrix application, 118 ions were identified without extraction and isolation, and the locations of some metabolites in the dried root of Isatis tinctoria were comprehensively visualized for the first time. Combining with partial least square (PLS) regression, samples collected from four habitats were differentiated unambiguously based on their mass spectrometry imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xing Nie
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Shimadzu China Innovation Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lie-Yan Huang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Yu Qian
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Jie Lian
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Kang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhong Dai
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wakeel A, Jan SA, Ullah I, Shinwari ZK, Xu M. Solvent polarity mediates phytochemical yield and antioxidant capacity of Isatis tinctoria. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7857. [PMID: 31616599 PMCID: PMC6790100 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites have been extensively used in the treatment of various health problems. The role of solvent polarity on the phytochemical isolation and antioxidant capacity of Isatis tinctoria (woad) is elusive. In the present study, 14 solvents with different polarity were used in the extraction and total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC and TFC) investigation. Ferricyanide, phosphomolybdenum, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods were used to calculate and compare the antioxidant/free radical scavenging capacity. Our results showed that solvent polarity greatly affects TPC and TFC yield, which is mainly increasing with increasing solvent polarity index and suddenly decreasing at very high polarity. The comparative results showed that TPC is directly correlated with reducing power, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging capacity. Taken together, we conclude that different woad plant parts contain different level of secondary metabolites with a specific polarity that requires a particular solvent with an appropriate polarity index for the extraction. The identification of these biologically active crude extracts and fractions are very important for the basic biological sciences, pharmaceutical applications, and future research for HPLC based active compounds isolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wakeel
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, School of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- Molecular Systematics and Applied Ethnobotany Lab (MoSAEL), Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Ahmad Jan
- Department of Biotechnology, Hazara University, Dodhial, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Molecular Systematics and Applied Ethnobotany Lab (MoSAEL), Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Molecular Systematics and Applied Ethnobotany Lab (MoSAEL), Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, School of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Jersey—Camden, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang D, Shi Y, Shi S, Wu X, Zhang L, Chen K, Li Y, Wang R. Isatisindigoticanine A, a novel indole alkaloid with an unpresented carbon skeleton from the roots of Isatis tinctoria. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1249-1255. [PMID: 31328551 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1644632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Isatisindigoticanine A (1), a new indole alkaloid with an unusual carbon skeleton of a benzofuran-3-one unit connected with a 1H-indole-3-yl unit and a 4-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one unit via a C-3-C-8'' bond and a C-4'-C-8'' bond, was obtained from the roots of Isatis tinctoria. Its structure was determined by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods including 1 D, 2 D NMR, IR, HRESIMS data. The absolutely configurations were deduced by comparison of its experimental CD and calculated ECD spectra. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities of isatisindigoticanine A was also evaluated in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, however, no inhibitory effect was presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Institute of TCM International Standardization of Shanghai, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuqiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Isatindigoside A and B (1 - 2), two new indole alkaloid glycosides along with five known ones (3 - 7) were obtained from the roots of I. tinctoria. Their structures were determined as isatindigoside A (1), isatindigoside B (2), isatindosulfonicacid A 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), indole-3-acetonitrile 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), isatindigobisindoloside A (5), isatindigobisindoloside B (6) isatindigobisindoloside F (7), by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods including 1 D, 2 D NMR, IR, HR-ESI-MS data. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities of all of the isolated compounds (1 - 7) were also evaluated. Compounds 2 and 7 showed inhibitory effects against LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values of 27.6 μM and 18.8 μM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Du
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitian Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dong JL, Wang R, Liu K, Li Y, Ding WL. [Molecular identification of cucumber mosaic virus in woad ( Isatis tinctoria) with mosaic disease in Beijing]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 43:2242-2245. [PMID: 29945374 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180329.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To detect possible pathogenic virus(es) in woad (Isatis tinctoria) cultivated at Institute of Medicinal Plant Development in Beijing, reverse transcription(RT)-PCR was performed using total RNA of symptomatic woad leaves with primers for poty-, polero-, tobamovirus, broad bean wilt virus 2(BBWV2) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). A 657 bp fragment was amplified from symptomatic woad using CMV primers. Sequencing and BLAST analysis indicated that this fragment shared 99% nucleotide identity and 100% amino acid identity with CMV-Vi isolate. The isolate was named CMV-Isatis tinctorial (CMV-It). Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of CP genes showed that CMV-It clustered with CMV-K and belonged to subgroup I. To our knowledge, this is first identification of CMV in woad by RT-PCR and the CP gene was analyzed. This work provided data for research and control of woad mosaic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Dong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wan-Long Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gaskin JF, Schwarzländer M, Gibson RD, Simpson H, Marshall DL, Gerber E, Hinz H. Geographic population structure in an outcrossing plant invasion after centuries of cultivation and recent founding events. AoB Plants 2018; 10:020. [PMID: 29623183 PMCID: PMC5881623 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/ply020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Population structure and genetic diversity of invasions are the result of evolutionary processes such as natural selection, drift and founding events. Some invasions are also molded by specific human activities such as selection for cultivars and intentional introduction of desired phenotypes, which can lead to low genetic diversity in the resulting invasion. We investigated the population structure, diversity and origins of a species with both accidental and intentional introduction histories, as well as long-term selection as a cultivar. Dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria; Brassicaceae) has been used as a dye source for at least eight centuries in Eurasia, was introduced to eastern USA in the 1600s, and is now considered invasive in the western USA. Our analyses of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) from 645 plants from the USA and Eurasia did not find significantly lower gene diversity (Hj) in the invaded compared to the native range. This suggests that even though the species was under cultivation for many centuries, human selection of plants may not have had a strong influence on diversity in the invasion. We did find significantly lower genetic differentiation (Fst) in the invasive range but our results still suggested that there are two distinct invasions in the western USA. Our data suggest that these invasions most likely originated from Switzerland, Ukraine and Germany, which correlates with initial biological control agent survey findings. Genetic information on population structure, diversity and origins assists in efforts to control invasive species, and continued combination of ecological and molecular analyses will help bring us closer to sustainable management of plant invasions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John F Gaskin
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Sidney, MT, USA
| | - Mark Schwarzländer
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Robert D Gibson
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Heather Simpson
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC 2020, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Diane L Marshall
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC 2020, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiao J, Gai QY, Wang W, Zang YP, Niu LL, Fu YJ, Wang X. Remarkable enhancement of flavonoid production in a co-cultivation system of Isatis tinctoria L. hairy root cultures and immobilized Aspergillus niger. Ind Crops Prod 2018; 112:252-261. [PMID: 32288265 PMCID: PMC7125528 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The dried roots of Isatis tinctoria L. are highly traded in the pharmaceutical industry due to their notable anti-influenza efficacy. For the first time, I. tinctoria hairy root cultures (ITHRCs) were co-cultured with two immobilized live GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) fungi, i.e. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus niger, for the elevated production of pharmacologically active flavonoids. Immobilized A. niger (IAN) was exhibited as the superior elicitor in the plant-fungus co-cultivation system. The highest flavonoid production (3018.31 ± 48.66 μg/g DW) were achieved in IAN-treated ITHRCs under the optimal conditions of IAN spore concentration ca.104 spores/mL, temperature 30 °C, initial pH value of media 7.0 and time 72 h, which remarkably increased 6.83-fold relative to non-treated control (441.91 ± 7.35 μg/g DW). Also, this study revealed that IAN elicitation could trigger the sequentially transient accumulation of signal molecules and intensify the oxidative stress in ITHRCs, which both contributed to the up-regulated expression of associated genes involved in flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Moreover, IAN could be reused at least five cycles with satisfactory performance. Overall, the coupled culture of IAN and ITHRCs is a promising and effective approach for the enhanced production of flavonoids, which allows for the improved applicability of these valuable compounds in pharmaceutical fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Qing-Yan Gai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu-Ping Zang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Li-Li Niu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nguyen TKO, Jamali A, Grand E, Morreel K, Marcelo P, Gontier E, Dauwe R. Phenylpropanoid profiling reveals a class of hydroxycinnamoyl glucaric acid conjugates in Isatis tinctoria leaves. Phytochemistry 2017; 144:127-140. [PMID: 28930667 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The brassicaceous herb, Isatis tinctoria, is an ancient medicinal plant whose rosette leaf extracts have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity. Brassicaceae are known to accumulate a variety of phenylpropanoids in their rosette leaves acting as antioxidants and a UV-B shield, and these compounds often have pharmacological potential. Nevertheless, knowledge about the phenylpropanoid content of I. tinctoria leaves remains limited to the characterization of a number of flavonoids. In this research, we profiled the methanol extracts of I. tinctoria fresh leaf extracts by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and focused on the phenylpropanoid derivatives. We report the structural characterization of 99 compounds including 18 flavonoids, 21 mono- or oligolignols, 2 benzenoids, and a wide spectrum of 58 hydroxycinnamic acid esters. Besides the sinapate esters of malate, glucose and gentiobiose, which are typical of brassicaceous plants, these conjugates comprised a large variety of glucaric acid esters that have not previously been reported in plants. Feeding with 13C6-glucaric acid showed that glucaric acid is an acyl acceptor of an as yet unknown acyltransferase activity in I. tinctoria rosette leaves. The large amount of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives changes radically our view of the woad metabolite profile and potentially contributes to the pharmacological activity of I. tinctoria leaf extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Kieu-Oanh Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacological Medical and Agronomical Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Arash Jamali
- Plateforme de Microscopie Electronique, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
| | - Eric Grand
- LG2A, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CNRS UMR 7378, Institut de Chimie de Picardie, CNRS FR 3085, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
| | - Kris Morreel
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Paulo Marcelo
- Plateforme ICAP, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1-3, rue des Louvels, 80036 Amiens Cedex 1, Amiens, France.
| | - Eric Gontier
- EA3900 BioPI, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
| | - Rebecca Dauwe
- EA3900 BioPI, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Miceli N, Filocamo A, Ragusa S, Cacciola F, Dugo P, Mondello L, Celano M, Maggisano V, Taviano MF. Chemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Phenolic-Rich Fraction from Cauline Leaves of Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae) Growing in Sicily, Italy. Chem Biodivers 2017. [PMID: 28622440 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work focused on the evaluation of the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the phenolic-rich fraction (ItJ-EAF) obtained from cauline leaves collected in January from Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae) growing wild around Acireale (Sicily, Italy). The total phenolic, flavonoid, and condensed tannin contents of the fraction were determined spectrophotometrically, whereas the phenolic profile was assessed by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS analysis. A total of 20 compounds were positively identified and twelve out of them were never previously reported in I. tinctoria leaves. The fraction exhibited good radical scavenging activity in DPPH test (IC50 = 0.6657 ± 0.0024 mg/ml) and reducing power (3.87 ± 0.71 ASE/ml), whereas, it neither showed chelating activity nor was able to counteract H2 O2 induced oxidative stress damage in Escherichia coli. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated in vitro on two human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines (CAL-62 and 8505C) by MTT assay. At the highest tested concentration ItJ-EAF significantly reduced (80%) the growth of CAL-62 cells. No cytotoxicity against Artemia salina was observed. It can be concluded that I. tinctoria cauline leaves represent a source of phenolic compounds which could be potentially used as chemopreventive or adjuvant agents against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalizia Miceli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, IT-98168, Messina
| | - Angela Filocamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, IT-98168, Messina.,Fondazione 'Prof. Antonio Imbesi', University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, IT-98122, Messina
| | - Salvatore Ragusa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University 'Magna Graecia' of Catanzaro, V. Europa, Località Germaneto, IT-88100, Catanzaro
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, IT-98125, Messina
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, IT-98168, Messina.,Scienze dell'Alimentazione e della Nutrizione umana, Università Campus Biomedico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, IT-00128, Rome.,Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, IT-98168, Messina
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, IT-98168, Messina.,Scienze dell'Alimentazione e della Nutrizione umana, Università Campus Biomedico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, IT-00128, Rome.,Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, IT-98168, Messina
| | - Marilena Celano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University 'Magna Graecia' of Catanzaro, V. Europa, Località Germaneto, IT-88100, Catanzaro
| | - Valentina Maggisano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University 'Magna Graecia' of Catanzaro, V. Europa, Località Germaneto, IT-88100, Catanzaro
| | - Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, IT-98168, Messina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jähne EA, Eigenmann DE, Culot M, Cecchelli R, Walter FR, Deli MA, Tremmel R, Fricker G, Smiesko M, Hamburger M, Oufir M. Development and validation of a LC-MS/MS method for assessment of an anti-inflammatory indolinone derivative by in vitro blood-brain barrier models. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 98:235-46. [PMID: 24949819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The compound (E,Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)indolin-2-one (indolinone) was identified from lipophilic woad extracts (Isatis tinctoria L., Brassicaceae) as a compound possessing potent histamine release inhibitory and anti-inflammatory properties [1]. To further evaluate the potential of indolinone in terms of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), we screened the compound in several in vitro cell-based human and animal BBB models. Therefore, we developed a quantitative LC-MS/MS method for the compound in modified Ringer HEPES buffer (RHB) and validated it according to FDA and EMA guidelines [2,3]. The calibration curve of indolinone in the range between 30.0 and 3000ng/ml was quadratic, and the limit of quantification was 30.0ng/ml. Dilution of samples up to 100-fold did not affect precision and accuracy. The carry-over was within acceptance criteria. Indolinone proved to be stable in RHB for 3h at room temperature (RT), and for three successive freeze/thaw cycles. The processed samples could be stored in the autosampler at 10°C for at least 28h. Moreover, indolinone was stable for at least 16 days in RHB when stored below -65°C. This validation study demonstrates that our method is specific, selective, precise, accurate, and capable to produce reliable results. In the immortalized human BBB mono-culture model, the apparent permeability coefficient from apical to basolateral (PappA→B), and the Papp from basolateral to apical (PappB→A) were 19.2±0.485×10(-6)cm/s and 21.7±0.326×10(-6)cm/s, respectively. For the primary rat/bovine BBB co-culture model a PappA→B of 27.1±1.67×10(-6)cm/s was determined. In the primary rat BBB triple co-culture model, the PappA→B and the PappB→A were 56.2±3.63×10(-6)cm/s and 34.6±1.41×10(-6)cm/s, respectively. The data obtained with the different models showed good correlation and were indicative of a high BBB permeation potential of indolinone confirmed by in silico prediction calculations. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) interaction for indolinone was studied with the aid of a calcein-AM uptake assay, and by calculation of the efflux ratio (ER) from the bidirectional permeability assays. For both bidirectional BBB models an ER below 2 was calculated, indicating that no active mediated transport mechanism is involved for indolinone. In porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (PBCECs), the calcein-AM uptake assay demonstrated that indolinone is neither a P-gp substrate nor a P-gp inhibitor and is accumulated into cells at high extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn A Jähne
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela E Eigenmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Culot
- Université Lille Nord de France, UArtois, BBB Laboratory EA 2465, IMPRT: IFR114, 62307 Lens Cedex, France
| | - Roméo Cecchelli
- Université Lille Nord de France, UArtois, BBB Laboratory EA 2465, IMPRT: IFR114, 62307 Lens Cedex, France
| | - Fruzsina R Walter
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvari krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária A Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvari krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Robin Tremmel
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Smiesko
- Molecular Modeling, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Hamburger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mouhssin Oufir
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
The methods of extraction, separation and analysis of alkaloids and indole glucosinolates (GLs) ofIsatis tinctoria were reviewed. Different analytical approaches such as High-pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI/MS), Electrospray Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) were used to validate and identity of these constituents. These methods provide rapid separation, identification and quantitative measurements of alkaloids and GLs of Isatis tinctoria. By connection with different detectors to HPLC such as PDA, ELSD, ESI- and APCI-MS in positive and negative ion modes, complicated compounds could be detected with at least two independent detection modes. The molecular formula can be derived in a second step of ESI-TOF-MS data. But for some constituents, UV and MS cannot provide sufficient structure identification. After peak purification, NMR by semi-preparative HPLC can be used as a complementary method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Zhou
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|