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Impellizzeri D, Di Paola R, Cordaro M, Gugliandolo E, Casili G, Morittu VM, Britti D, Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S. Corrigendum to "Adelmidrol, a palmitoylethanolamide analogue, as a new pharmacological treatment for the management of acute and chronic inflammation" [Biochem. Pharmacol. 119 (2016) 27-41]. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116105. [PMID: 38513506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, V.le Europa, Campus S. Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Cuzzocrea S, Mazzon E, Di Paola R, Muià C, Crisafulli C, Dugo L, Collin M, Britti D, Caputi AP, Thiemermann C. Retraction notice to "Glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition attenuates the degree of arthritis caused by type II collagen in the mouse" [Clin. Immunol. 120/1 (2006) 57-67]. Clin Immunol 2024; 262:110198. [PMID: 38555221 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica-Policlinico Universitario, Via C. Valeria-Gazzi, 98100 Messina, Italy; Centro per lo Studio ed. il Trattamento dei Neurolesi Lungodegenti, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica-Policlinico Universitario, Via C. Valeria-Gazzi, 98100 Messina, Italy; Centro per lo Studio ed. il Trattamento dei Neurolesi Lungodegenti, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica-Policlinico Universitario, Via C. Valeria-Gazzi, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Muià
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica-Policlinico Universitario, Via C. Valeria-Gazzi, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Concetta Crisafulli
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica-Policlinico Universitario, Via C. Valeria-Gazzi, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Dugo
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Marika Collin
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Teramo, Italy
| | - Achille P Caputi
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Torre Biologica-Policlinico Universitario, Via C. Valeria-Gazzi, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
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Tilocca B, Greco V, Piras C, Ceniti C, Paonessa M, Musella V, Bava R, Palma E, Morittu VM, Spina AA, Castagna F, Urbani A, Britti D, Roncada P. The Bee Gut Microbiota: Bridging Infective Agents Potential in the One Health Context. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3739. [PMID: 38612550 PMCID: PMC11012054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The bee gut microbiota plays an important role in the services the bees pay to the environment, humans and animals. Alongside, gut-associated microorganisms are vehiculated between apparently remote habitats, promoting microbial heterogeneity of the visited microcosms and the transfer of the microbial genetic elements. To date, no metaproteomics studies dealing with the functional bee microbiota are available. Here, we employ a metaproteomics approach to explore a fraction of the bacterial, fungal, and unicellular parasites inhabiting the bee gut. The bacterial community portrays a dynamic composition, accounting for specimens of human and animal concern. Their functional features highlight the vehiculation of virulence and antimicrobial resistance traits. The fungal and unicellular parasite fractions include environment- and animal-related specimens, whose metabolic activities support the spatial spreading of functional features. Host proteome depicts the major bee physiological activities, supporting the metaproteomics strategy for the simultaneous study of multiple microbial specimens and their host-crosstalks. Altogether, the present study provides a better definition of the structure and function of the bee gut microbiota, highlighting its impact in a variety of strategies aimed at improving/overcoming several current hot topic issues such as antimicrobial resistance, environmental pollution and the promotion of environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.G.); (A.U.)
- Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Mariachiara Paonessa
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Anna Antonella Spina
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.G.); (A.U.)
- Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (C.C.); (M.P.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (E.P.); (V.M.M.); (A.A.S.); (F.C.); (D.B.)
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Virlos I, Mazzon E, Serraino I, Di Paola R, Genovese T, Britti D, Thiemerman C, Siriwardena A, Cuzzocrea S. CORRECTION TO: PYROLIDINE DITHIOCARBAMATE REDUCES THE SEVERITY OF CERULEIN-INDUCES MURINE ACUTE PANCREATITIS. Shock 2024; 61:494. [PMID: 38552204 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Virlos
- Department of Chemical, Biological Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31 Messina, Italy
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Ceniti C, Di Vito A, Ambrosio RL, Anastasio A, Bria J, Britti D, Chiarella E. Food Safety Assessment and Nutraceutical Outcomes of Dairy By-Products: Ovine Milk Whey as Wound Repair Enhancer on Injured Human Primary Gingival Fibroblasts. Foods 2024; 13:683. [PMID: 38472796 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The valorization of milk whey appears to be a promising strategy for managing by-products from dairy food industries, which incur demanding economic costs for treatment and/or disposal. Thanks to its numerous bioactive components, whey is expected to be increasingly incorporated into foods in the future. We investigated the safety of ovine milk whey through in vitro experiments on human primary gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) proliferation and wound healing. Fibroblasts play a crucial role in the repair processes from the late inflammatory phase until the final stages. Cells treated with varying concentrations of ovine whey (0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, and 10%) were able to close wounds more rapidly than vehicle-treated cells. Time- and dose-dependent responses were observed in cell populations exposed to ovine whey. Specifically, wounds treated with 0.1% and 10% milk whey showed better migratory capabilities compared to those treated with 0.01% and 1% milk whey after 24 and 48 h. In addition, ovine milk whey stimulates extracellular matrix deposition, as evidenced by the increasing levels of CD44 antigen density evaluated through FACS analysis, as well as COL1A1 expression measured both via RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. This phenomenon was particularly evident at concentrations of 0.01% and 10%. Ensuring quality and safety has become a major concern for health authorities in the food industry. Our findings suggest that ovine milk whey is safe and possesses regenerative properties. It facilitates tissue re-establishment following exposure to environmental stress, particularly accelerating gingival wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Di Vito
- Laboratory of Morphology and Tissue Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Luisa Ambrosio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Anastasio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Bria
- Laboratory of Morphology and Tissue Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health (CISVetSUA), University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Chiarella
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Bava R, Lupia C, Castagna F, Ruga S, Nucera S, Caminiti R, Bulotta RM, Naccari C, Carresi C, Musolino V, Statti G, Britti D, Mollace V, Palma E. Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction for the Control of Flupyradifurone-Induced Poisoning in Honeybees. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:608. [PMID: 38396576 PMCID: PMC10886160 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Flupyradifurone (FLU) is a butenolide insecticide that has come onto the market relatively recently. It is used in agriculture to control aphids, psyllids, and whiteflies. Toxicity studies have decreed its low toxicity to honeybees. However, recent research has challenged these claims; oral exposure to the pesticide can lead to behavioral abnormalities and in the worst cases, lethal phenomena. Compounds with antioxidant activity, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, have been shown to protect against the toxic effects of pesticides. The aim of this research was to evaluate the possible protective effect of the bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) against behavioral abnormalities and lethality induced by toxic doses of FLU orally administered to honeybees under laboratory conditions. Honeybees were assigned to experimental groups in which two toxic doses of FLU, 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L were administered. In other replicates, three doses (1, 2 and 5 mg/kg) of the bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) were added to the above toxic doses. In the experimental groups intoxicated with FLU at the highest dose tested, all caged subjects (20 individuals) died within the second day of administration. The survival probability of the groups to which the BPF was added was compared to that of the groups to which only the toxic doses of FLU were administered. The mortality rate in the BPF groups was statistically lower (p < 0.05) than in the intoxicated groups; in addition, a lower percentage of individuals exhibited behavioral abnormalities. According to this research, the ingestion of the BPF attenuates the harmful effects of FLU. Further studies are needed before proposing BPF incorporation into the honeybees' diet, but there already seem to be beneficial effects associated with its intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Sersale, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Sersale, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Rosamaria Caminiti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Clara Naccari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Center for Pharmacological Research, Food Safety, High Tech and Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.C.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Center for Pharmacological Research, Food Safety, High Tech and Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Lupia C, Castagna F, Bava R, Naturale MD, Zicarelli L, Marrelli M, Statti G, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Britti D, Palma E. Use of Essential Oils to Counteract the Phenomena of Antimicrobial Resistance in Livestock Species. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:163. [PMID: 38391549 PMCID: PMC10885947 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly widespread phenomenon that is of particular concern because of the possible consequences in the years to come. The dynamics leading to the resistance of microbial strains are diverse, but certainly include the incorrect use of veterinary drugs both in terms of dosage and timing of administration. Moreover, the drug is often administered in the absence of a diagnosis. Many active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations are, therefore, losing their efficacy. In this situation, it is imperative to seek alternative treatment solutions. Essential oils are mixtures of compounds with different pharmacological properties. They have been shown to possess the antibacterial, anti-parasitic, antiviral, and regulatory properties of numerous metabolic processes. The abundance of molecules they contain makes it difficult for treated microbial species to develop pharmacological resistance. Given their natural origin, they are environmentally friendly and show little or no toxicity to higher animals. There are several published studies on the use of essential oils as antimicrobials, but the present literature has not been adequately summarized in a manuscript. This review aims to shed light on the results achieved by the scientific community regarding the use of essential oils to treat the main agents of bacterial infection of veterinary interest in livestock. The Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO, and SCOPUS databases were used for the search and selection of studies. The manuscript aims to lay the foundations for a new strategy of veterinary drug use that is more environmentally friendly and less prone to the emergence of drug resistance phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Lupia
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
- National Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Castelluccio Superiore, 85040 Potenza, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Diana Naturale
- Ministry of Health, Directorate General for Health Programming, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Zicarelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Center for Pharmacological Research, Food Safety, High Tech and Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Castagna F, Bava R, Palma E, Morittu V, Spina A, Ceniti C, Lupia C, Cringoli G, Rinaldi L, Bosco A, Ruga S, Britti D, Musella V. Effect of pomegranate ( Punica granatum) anthelmintic treatment on milk production in dairy sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1347151. [PMID: 38384955 PMCID: PMC10879392 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1347151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthelmintic drug resistance has proliferated across Europe in sheep gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs). Sheep welfare and health are adversely impacted by these phenomena, which also have an impact on productivity. Finding alternatives for controlling GINs in sheep is thus of utmost importance. In this study, the anthelmintic effectiveness (AE) of a Calabrian ethnoveterinary aqueous macerate based on Punica granatum (whole fruits) was assessed in Comisana pregnant sheep. Furthermore, an examination, both qualitative and quantitative, was conducted on milk. Forty-five sheep were selected for the investigation. The sheep were divided by age, weight, physiological state (pluripara at 20 days before parturition), and eggs per gram of feces (EPG) into three homogeneous groups of 15 animals each: PG received a single oral dosage of P. granatum macerate at a rate of 50 mL per sheep; AG, treated with albendazole, was administered orally at 3.75 mg/kg/bw; and CG received no treatment. Timelines were as follows: D0, treatments, group assignment, fecal sampling, and AE assessment; D7, D14, D21, fecal sampling, and AE evaluation. The FLOTAC technique was used to evaluate the individual GIN fecal egg count (FEC) using a sodium chloride flotation solution (specific gravity = 1.20) and 100 × (1-[T2/C2]) as the formula for evaluating FEC reduction. Following the lambs' weaning, milk was collected on the following days (DL) in order to quantify production: DL35, DL42, DL49, DL56, DL63, DL70, DL77, and DL84. The amount of milk produced by every animal was measured and reported in milliliters (ml) for quantitative evaluations. Using MilkoScan TM fT + foss electric, Denmark, the quality of the milk (casein, lactose, protein concentration, and fat, expressed as a percentage) was assessed. The macerate demonstrated a considerable AE (51.8%). Moreover, its use has resulted in higher milk production rates quantitatively (15.5%) and qualitatively (5.12% protein, 4.12% casein, 4.21% lactose, and 8.18% fat). The study showed that green veterinary pharmacology could be the easiest future approach to counteracting anthelmintic resistance in sheep husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonella Spina
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), Catanzaro, Italy
- National Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Castelluccio Superiore, Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cringoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health (CISVet-SUA), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health (CISVet-SUA), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
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Carresi C, Marabelli R, Roncada P, Britti D. Is the Use of Monensin Another Trojan Horse for the Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance? Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:129. [PMID: 38391515 PMCID: PMC10886233 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a complex and somewhat unpredictable phenomenon. Historically, the utilization of avoparcin in intensive farming during the latter part of the previous century led to the development of resistance to vancomycin, a crucial antibiotic in human medicine with life-saving properties. Currently, in the European Union, there is a growing reliance on the ionophore antibiotic monensin (MON), which acts both as a coccidiostat in poultry farming and as a preventative measure against ketosis in lactating cows. Although many researchers claim that MON does not induce cross-resistance to antibiotics of clinical relevance in human medicine, some conflicting reports exist. The numerous applications of MON in livestock farming and the consequent dissemination of the compound and its metabolites in the environment require further investigation to definitively ascertain whether MON represents a potential vector for the propagation of AMR. It is imperative to emphasize that antibiotics cannot substitute sound animal husbandry practices or tailored dietary regimens in line with the different production cycles of livestock. Consequently, a rigorous evaluation is indispensable to assess whether the economic benefits associated with MON usage justify its employment, also considering its local and global environmental ramifications and the potential risk of instigating AMR with increased costs for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carresi
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Interregional Research Center for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Spina AA, Lopreiato V, Britti D, Minuti A, Trevisi E, Tilocca B, Perri A, Morittu VM. The Effect of Feeding a Total Mixed Ration with an ad libitum or Restricted Pelleted Starter on Growth Performance, Rumination Behavior, Blood Metabolites, and Rumen Fermentation in Weaning Holstein Dairy Calves. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:81. [PMID: 38200812 PMCID: PMC10778400 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of the starter restriction and of the ad libitum TMR (total mixed ration) inclusion on intake, growth performance, rumination time (RT), and health condition of Holstein dairy calves during weaning. We randomly assigned thirty female Holstein calves (with an average weight of 38.5 ± 1.96 kg at birth) to one of three treatments. From 21 days of age, the calves were fed one of three treatments as follows: a control diet (CTR) with an ad libitum calf starter but without TMR; Treatment 1 diet (TRT1) with both an ad libitum calf starter and ad libitum TMR; Treatment 2 diet (TRT2) with ad libitum TMR and a restricted amount of a calf starter (50% of the intake recorder in the control group day by day). Calves in the TRT2 group, between 56 and 63 days of age, had a lower body weight (80.1; 79.5; 75.6 kg for the CTR, TRT1, and TRT2 groups, respectively) compared with CTR and TRT1 calves. This outcome is ascribed to the average daily gain (0.759; 0.913; 0.508 kg/day for the CTR, TRT1, and TRT2 groups, respectively), resulting also in TRT2 being lower than CTR or TRT1 calves. The inclusion of ad libitum TMR increased the rumination time, especially after weaning (15.28 min/h, 18.38 min/h, and 18.95 min/h for the CTR, TRT1, and TRT2 groups, respectively). Concerning the rumen metabolism and inflammometabolic response, overall, no differences were observed between the three dietary treatments. In conclusion, the results indicated that a TMR could partially replace a calf starter in weaning dairy calves, since neither growth performance nor health status were impaired. In addition, providing TMR (with or without concentrate restriction) led to a better rumen development and likely a better rumen fermentation efficiency in post-weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Antonella Spina
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health (CISVetSUA), University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (B.T.); (V.M.M.)
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Lopreiato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Domenico Britti
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health (CISVetSUA), University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (B.T.); (V.M.M.)
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Andrea Minuti
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DiANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DiANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense, 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (A.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health (CISVetSUA), University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (B.T.); (V.M.M.)
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Alessia Perri
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health (CISVetSUA), University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (B.T.); (V.M.M.)
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
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Bava R, Castagna F, Lupia C, Ruga S, Conforti F, Marrelli M, Argentieri MP, Musella V, Britti D, Statti G, Palma E. Phytochemical Composition and Pharmacological Efficacy Evaluation of Calamintha nepeta, Calamintha sylvatica, Lavandula austroapennina and Mentha piperita Essential Oils for the Control of Honeybee ( Apis mellifera) Varroosis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:69. [PMID: 38200800 PMCID: PMC10778109 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Varroa destructor is currently considered the parasite that causes the greatest damage and economic losses to honeybee farms. Its presence is often associated with that of viral and bacterial pathogens, which ultimately leads to colony collapse. Careful control of the parasitic load is therefore necessary to avoid the onset of these events. Although chemical treatments are often in easily and quickly administered formulations, in recent years, there have been increasingly frequent reports of the onset of drug resistance phenomena, which must lead to reconsidering their use. Furthermore, chemical compounds can easily accumulate in the food matrices of the hive, with possible risks for the final consumer. In such a condition, it is imperative to find alternative treatment solutions. Essential oils (EOs) prove to be promising candidates due to their good efficacy and good environmental biodegradability. In this study, the acaricidal efficacy of the EOs of Calamintha sylvatica Bromf., Calamintha nepeta Savi, Lavandula austroapennina N.G. Passal. Tundis & Upson and Mentha piperita L., extracted from botanical species belonging to the Lamiaceae family, was evaluated. The test chosen for the evaluation was residual toxicity by contact. The examined EOs were diluted in Acetone to a concentration of 2, 1 and 0.5 mg/mL. At the highest concentration, the EOs demonstrated an acaricidal activity equal to 52% for C. nepeta, 60% for C. sylvatica, 80% for L. austroapennina and 68% for M. piperita. Of the EOs tested, therefore, Lavender proves to be a good candidate for subsequent evaluations in semi-field and field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Sersale, CZ, Italy
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Sersale, CZ, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (F.C.); (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (F.C.); (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Pia Argentieri
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, BA, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (F.C.); (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy
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Bava R, Castagna F, Lupia C, Ruga S, Musella V, Conforti F, Marrelli M, Argentieri MP, Britti D, Statti G, Palma E. Chemical Profile of Essential Oils of Selected Lamiaceae Plants and In Vitro Activity for Varroosis Control in Honeybees (Apis mellifera). Vet Sci 2023; 10:701. [PMID: 38133253 PMCID: PMC10747025 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The most significant ectoparasitic mite of honeybees, Varroa destructor, has a detrimental effect on bee health and honey output. The principal strategy used by the control programs is the application of synthetic acaricides. All of this has resulted in drug resistance, which is now a major worry for beekeeping. As a result, research on alternate products and techniques for mite management is now required. The aim of this study was to determine whether essential oils (EOs) extracted from botanical species of Lamiacae, typical of the Calabria region of Southern Italy, could reduce the population of the mite V. destructor. Among the best-known genera of the Lamiaceae family are oregano, rosemary and thyme, whose EOs were employed in this study. By steam distillation, the EOs were extracted from Origanum vulgare subsp. viridulum (Martrin-Donos) Nyman, Thymus capitatus Hoffmanns. and Link, Thymus longicaulis C.Presl and Salvia rosmarinus Schleid. plant species harvested directly on the Calabrian territory in their balsamic time. Each EO went to the test in vitro (contact toxicity) against V. destructor. Fifty adult female mites, five for each EO and the positive and negative control, were used in each experimental replicate. The positive controls comprised five individuals treated to Amitraz dilute in acetone, and the negative controls included five individuals exposed to acetone alone. To create the working solution to be tested (50 μL/tube), the EOs were diluted (0.5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL) in HPLC-grade acetone. After 1 h of exposure, mite mortality was manually assessed. Origanum vulgare subsp. viridulum, Thymus capitatus and Thymus longicaulis were the EOs with the highest levels of efficiency at 2 mg/mL, neutralizing (dead + inactivated), 94%, 92% and 94% of parasites, respectively. Salvia rosmarinus EO gave a lower efficacy, resulting in a percentage of 38%. Interestingly, no adverse effects were highlighted in toxicity tests on honeybees. These results show that these OEs of the Lamiaceae family have antiparasitic action on V. destructor. Therefore, they could be used, individually or combined, to exploit the synergistic effect for a more sustainable control of this parasite mite in honeybee farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (F.C.); (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (F.C.); (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Pia Argentieri
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (F.C.); (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (C.L.); (S.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.); (E.P.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
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Bava R, Castagna F, Ruga S, Caminiti R, Nucera S, Bulotta RM, Naccari C, Britti D, Mollace V, Palma E. Protective Role of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction (BPF) against Deltamethrin Toxicity in Honeybees ( Apis mellifera). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3764. [PMID: 38136801 PMCID: PMC10741048 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide-induced poisoning phenomena are a serious problem for beekeeping and can cause large losses of honeybee populations due to acute and sub-acute poisoning. The reduced responsiveness of honeybees to the damage caused by pesticides used in agriculture can be traced back to a general qualitative and quantitative impoverishment of the nectar resources of terrestrial ecosystems. Malnutrition is associated with a decline in the functionality of the immune system and the systems that are delegated to the detoxification of the organism. This research aimed to verify whether bergamot polyphenolic extract (BPF) could have protective effects against poisoning by the pyrethroid pesticide deltamethrin. The studies were conducted with caged honeybees under controlled conditions. Sub-lethal doses of pesticides and related treatments for BPF were administered. At a dose of 21.6 mg/L, deltamethrin caused mortality in all treated subjects (20 caged honeybees) after one day of administration. The groups where BPF (1 mg/kg) was added to the toxic solution recorded the survival of honeybees by up to three days. Comparing the honeybees of the groups in which the BPF-deltamethrin association was added to the normal diet (sugar solution) with those in which deltamethrin alone was added to the normal diet, the BPF group had a statistically significant reduction in the honeybee mortality rate (p ≤ 0.05) and a greater consumption of food. Therefore, it can be argued that the inclusion of BPF and its constituent antioxidants in the honeybee diet reduces toxicity and oxidative stress caused by oral intake of deltamethrin. Furthermore, it can be argued that BPF administration could compensate for metabolic energy deficits often induced by the effects of malnutrition caused by environmental degradation and standard beekeeping practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Rosamaria Caminiti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Clara Naccari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (S.R.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (R.M.B.); (C.N.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
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Oppedisano F, De Fazio R, Gugliandolo E, Crupi R, Palma E, Abbas Raza SH, Tilocca B, Merola C, Piras C, Britti D. Mediterranean Plants with Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a Meta-Analysis for Green Veterinary Pharmacology Applications. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2264. [PMID: 37764109 PMCID: PMC10534841 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global health crisis, necessitating the search for innovative strategies to combat infectious diseases. The unique biodiversity of Italian flora offers a treasure trove of plant species and their associated phytochemicals, which hold immense potential as a solution to address AMR. By investigating the antimicrobial properties of Italian flora and their phytochemical constituents, this study aims to shed light on the potential of phyto-complexes as a valuable resource for developing novel or supportive antimicrobial agents useful for animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Oppedisano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (E.P.)
| | - Rosario De Fazio
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.O.); (E.P.)
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Carmine Merola
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
- CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia University” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.D.F.); (B.T.); (D.B.)
- CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta” Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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15
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Ceniti C, Spina AA, Piras C, Oppedisano F, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Britti D, Morittu VM. Recent Advances in the Determination of Milk Adulterants and Contaminants by Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy. Foods 2023; 12:2917. [PMID: 37569186 PMCID: PMC10418805 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of chemical contaminants, toxins, or veterinary drugs in milk, as well as the adulteration of milk from different species, has driven the development of new tools to ensure safety and quality. Several analytical procedures have been proposed for the rapid screening of hazardous substances or the selective confirmation of the authenticity of milk. Mid-infrared spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared have been two of the most relevant technologies conventionally employed in the dairy industry. These fingerprint methodologies can be very powerful in determining the trait of raw material without knowing the identity of each constituent, and several aspects suggest their potential as a screening method to detect adulteration. This paper reviews the latest advances in applying mid-infrared spectroscopy for the detection and quantification of adulterants, milk dilution, the presence of pathogenic bacteria, veterinary drugs, and hazardous substances in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Anna Antonella Spina
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (A.A.S.); (F.O.); (B.T.); (P.R.); (D.B.); (V.M.M.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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16
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Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Cuzzocrea S, Crupi R, Britti D. Current Review of Increasing Animal Health Threat of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): Harms, Limitations, and Alternatives to Manage Their Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11707. [PMID: 37511474 PMCID: PMC10380748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), more than 4700 in number, are a group of widely used man-made chemicals that accumulate in living things and the environment over time. They are known as "forever chemicals" because they are extremely persistent in our environment and body. Because PFAS have been widely used for many decades, their presence is evident globally, and their persistence and potential toxicity create concern for animals, humans and environmental health. They can have multiple adverse health effects, such as liver damage, thyroid disease, obesity, fertility problems, and cancer. The most significant source of living exposure to PFAS is dietary intake (food and water), but given massive industrial and domestic use, these substances are now punctually present not only domestically but also in the outdoor environment. For example, livestock and wildlife can be exposed to PFAS through contaminated water, soil, substrate, air, or food. In this review, we have analyzed and exposed the characteristics of PFAS and their various uses and reported data on their presence in the environment, from industrialized to less populated areas. In several areas of the planet, even in areas far from large population centers, the presence of PFAS was confirmed, both in marine and terrestrial animals (organisms). Among the most common PFAS identified are undoubtedly perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), two of the most widely used and, to date, among the most studied in terms of toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics. The objective of this review is to provide insights into the toxic potential of PFAS, their exposure, and related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta" Viale Europa, "Magna Græcia University" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Peritore AF, Franco GA, Molinari F, Arangia A, Interdonato L, Marino Y, Cuzzocrea S, Gugliandolo E, Britti D, Crupi R. Effect of Pesticide Vinclozolin Toxicity Exposure on Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Myocardial Damage. Toxics 2023; 11:473. [PMID: 37368573 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Vinclozolin is a popular fungicide used in fruit, ornamental plants, and vegetable crops. It has recently been seen that prolonged exposure to VZN can cause human or animal health damage to various organs, but little is known to date about its cardiovascular effects. In this study, we addressed the chronic effects of VZN on the myocardium and the enzymes involved in the cardiovascular function. (2) Methods: The animals were divided into four groups: group 1 served as the control, group 2 received 1 mg/kg of VZN by gavage, group 3 received 30 mg/kg of VZN by gavage, and group 4 received 100 mg/kg of VZN by gavage, for 30 days. (3) Results: Results showed that 100 mg/kg VZN markedly increased the plasma concentration of cardiac markers (CK-MB, cTnT, ANP, BNP). Moreover, compared to the control group, VZN treatment decreased the activity of SOD, CAT, and GPx, and downregulated the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2. Furthermore, collagen deposition was amplified owing to 100 mg/kg VZN cardiotoxicity. This harmful effect was confirmed by a histological study using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining. (4) Conclusion: Overall, our results proved the cardiotoxicity caused by chronic exposure to VZN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Arangia
- Department of of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ylenia Marino
- Department of of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Græcia University" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta" Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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18
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Bava R, Castagna F, Palma E, Ceniti C, Millea M, Lupia C, Britti D, Musella V. Prevalence of Varroa destructor in Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Farms and Varroosis Control Practices in Southern Italy. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1228. [PMID: 37317203 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of honeybee farms in industrialized countries currently base their Varroa destructor control programs on the use of acaricides in conjunction with other management practices. However, the outcomes of these practices are often misunderstood and have only been studied to a limited extent. Better yields are guaranteed by having hives with low infection levels in the spring. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which beekeeping practices can result in increased control effectiveness. This study aimed to analyze the potential effects of environmental factors and beekeeping practices on the dynamics of V. destructor population. Experimental evidence was obtained by interpolating percentage infestation data from diagnoses conducted on several apiaries in the Calabria region (Southern Italy) with data acquired from a questionnaire on pest control strategies. Data on climatic temperature during the different study periods were also taken into account. The study was conducted over two years and involved 84 Apis mellifera farms. For each apiary, the diagnosis of infestation was made on a minimum of 10 hives. In total, 840 samples of adult honeybees were analyzed in the field to determine the level of infestation. In 2020, 54.7% of the inspected apiaries tested positive for V. destructor, and in 2021, 50% tested positive, according to a study of the field test findings (taking into account a threshold of 3% in July). A significant effect of the number of treatments on parasite prevalence was found. The results showed a significant reduction in the infestation rate in apiaries that received more than two treatments each year. Furthermore, it was shown that management practices, such as drone brood removal and frequent queen replacement, have a statistically significant impact on the infestation rate. The analysis of the questionnaires revealed some critical issues. In particular, only 50% of the interviewed beekeepers diagnosed infestation on samples of adult bees, and only 69% practiced drug rotation. In conclusion, it is only possible to maintain the infestation rate at an acceptable threshold by implementing integrated pest management (IPM) programs and using good beekeeping practices (GBPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maurizio Millea
- ARA Calabria (Calabria Regional Breeders Association), Via Umberto Boccioni, 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Carmine Lupia
- National Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Castelluccio Superiore, 85040 Potenza, Italy
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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19
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Bava R, Castagna F, Palma E, Marrelli M, Conforti F, Musolino V, Carresi C, Lupia C, Ceniti C, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Britti D, Musella V. Essential Oils for a Sustainable Control of Honeybee Varroosis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050308. [PMID: 37235392 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Varroa destructor parasite is the main obstacle to the survival of honey bee colonies. Pest control mainly involves the use of synthetic drugs which, used with the right criteria and in rotation, are able to ensure that infestation levels are kept below the damage threshold. Although these drugs are easy to use and quick to apply, they have numerous disadvantages. Their prolonged use has led to the emergence of pharmacological resistance in treated parasite populations; furthermore, the active ingredients and/or their metabolites accumulate in the beehive products with the possibility of risk for the end consumer. Moreover, the possibility of subacute and chronic toxicity phenomena for adult honeybees and their larval forms must be considered. In this scenario, eco-friendly products derived from plant species have aroused great interest over the years. In recent decades, several studies have been carried out on the acaricidal efficacy of plant essential oils (EOs). Despite the swarming of laboratory and field studies, however, few EO products have come onto the market. Laboratory studies have often yielded different results even for the same plant species. The reason for this discrepancy lies in the various study techniques employed as well as in the variability of the chemical compositions of plants. The purpose of this review is to take stock of the research on the use of EOs to control the V. destructor parasite. It begins with an extensive discussion of the characteristics, properties, and mechanisms of action of EOs, and then examines the laboratory and field tests carried out. Finally, an attempt is made to standardize the results and open up new lines of study in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Mediterranean Etnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
- National Etnobotanical Conservatory, Castelluccio Superiore, 85040 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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20
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Ceniti C, Ambrosio RL, Bria J, Di Vito A, Tilocca B, Anastasio A, Britti D, Morittu VM, Chiarella E. Utilization of Dairy By-Products as a Source of Functional and Health Compounds-The Role of Ovine Colostrum and Milk Whey on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091752. [PMID: 37174290 PMCID: PMC10178729 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the search for food products that promote consumers' health has gained interest, and dairy by-products, due to their biological quality, could have a prominent position among products with health benefits. However, little is known about their activity on cancer cells. This study aimed to provide evidence about the effect of ovine colostrum and milk whey on K562 cells, a model of the human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line. The exposure of K562 cells to a single administration of sheep by-products at different concentrations for three days and three treatments for three days was carried out. Using a flow cytometric approach, we found that CD235a expression remained stable in the cells exposed to ovine whey (milk and colostrum) at concentrations ranging from 1 ng/mL to 100 μg/mL, after three days from one or three administrations, respectively. A significant reduction in fluorescent cells was observed in the populations exposed to 1 mg/mL of both milk and colostrum at the same time points. In these conditions, the size and granularity of the leukemic cells also changed, with a substantial reduction in the number of actively dividing cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. This phenomenon was highlighted by the Annexin V/PI cytofluorimetric test, which is able to provide quantitative results regarding the population of cells in early or late apoptosis or necrotic cells after exposure to a single dose or three doses of colostrum or sheep whey for three days, respectively. This report showed that both colostrum and milk whey were able to modify the phenotypic profile and cell cycle of the K562 cell line, inducing apoptosis at the highest concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, C, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Luisa Ambrosio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Bria
- Laboratory of Morphology and Tissue Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Di Vito
- Laboratory of Morphology and Tissue Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, C, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Aniello Anastasio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, C, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, C, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Chiarella
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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21
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Lopreiato V, Minuti A, Trevisi E, Piccione G, Ferronato G, Loor JJ, Britti D, Liotta L, Giannetto C, Arfuso F. Maternal treatment with pegbovigrastim influences growth performance and immune-metabolic status of calves during the pre-weaning period. Res Vet Sci 2023; 158:151-163. [PMID: 37012186 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the immune-metabolic status and growth performance of Simmental calves born from cows subjected to pegbovigrastim administration 7 days before calving. Eight calves born from cows subjected to pegbovigrastim administration (PEG group) and 9 calves born from untreated cows (CTR group) were used. Growth measurements and blood samples were collected from birth to 60 d of age. The PEG group had lower body weight from 28 up to 60 d of age (P < 0.01), lower heart girth (P < 0.05), lower weekly and total average daily gain values (P < 0.05) than the CTR group throughout the monitoring period. A decrease in milk replacer (MR) intake was observed in the PEG group compared with the CTR group around 20-28 d of age (P < 0.01). The PEG group had lower values of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) at d 1 of age (P < 0.05), Zn at 21 and 28 d of age (P < 0.05), hemoglobin, MCH and MCHC at 54 and 60 d of age (P < 0.01), and higher urea concentration at 21 and 28 d of age (P < 0.05) compared with the CTR group. Lower values of retinol (P < 0.05), tocopherol (P < 0.01), mean myeloperoxidase index (P < 0.05) and higher total reactive oxygen metabolites (P < 0.05) and myeloperoxidase (P < 0.05) were also detected in the PEG group. In light of the results gathered in the current study, it can be speculated that activation of the cow's immune system by pegbovigrastim could have influenced the immune competence, growth performance as well as the balance between oxidant and antioxidant indices of the newborn calf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Lopreiato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci, snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Minuti
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DiANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DiANA), Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci, snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Ferronato
- Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture, Environment, Land Planning and Mathematics (DICATAM), Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, United States of America
| | - Domenico Britti
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci, snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Giannetto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci, snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci, snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
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22
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Tilocca B, Greco V, Soggiu A, Urbani A, Britti D, Bonizzi L, Buonavoglia C, Roncada P. Multiepitope array as the key for African Swine Fever diagnosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 257:110548. [PMID: 36736103 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
African Swine Fever (ASF) is an acute hemorrhagic fever affecting suids with high mortality and morbidity rate. The causal agent of ASF, the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV), is an icosahedral virus of 200 nm diameter, composed of an outer envelope layer of host derivation and a linear 170-190 kb long dsDNA molecule. As of today, no efficient therapeutic intervention nor prophylactic measures exist to fight ASFV diffusion, underlining the importance of the early diagnosis and the need for efficient in-field screening of ASF. Recommended guidelines for the diagnosis of ASF are unpracticable in the desirable context of the rapid in-farm screening. In this view, the design of innovative diagnostics based on a panel of multiple ASFV epitopes would amend versatility and the analytical performances of the deliverable, ensuring high quality and accuracy standards worth of implementation in rapid in-field monitoring programs. Pursuing this view, we performed epitope prediction from the major AFSV structural proteins holding the potential to be targeted in innovative rapid diagnostic tests. Selected ASFV structural protein sequences were retrieved from data repositories and their tridimensional structure was computed. Linear and 3D protein structures were subjected to the prediction of the epitope sequences, that are likely to elicit antibody production, by independent bioinformatic tools, providing a list of candidate biomarkers whose batch employment held the potential suitability for the unbiased rapid in-field diagnosis and, in turn, might be implemented in screening programs, crowing the current monitoring and control campaigns that are currently running worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria n.10, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Interdepartmental Center of Veterinary Services (CIS), University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Luigi Bonizzi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria n.10, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Canio Buonavoglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, SP per Casamassima Km 3, 70010, Valenzano, Italy.
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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23
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Tilocca B, Soggiu A, Iavarone F, Greco V, Putignani L, Ristori MV, Macari G, Spina AA, Morittu VM, Ceniti C, Piras C, Bonizzi L, Britti D, Urbani A, Figeys D, Roncada P. The Functional Characteristics of Goat Cheese Microbiota from a One-Health Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214131. [PMID: 36430609 PMCID: PMC9698706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat cheese is an important element of the Mediterranean diet, appreciated for its health-promoting features and unique taste. A pivotal role in the development of these characteristics is attributed to the microbiota and its continuous remodeling over space and time. Nevertheless, no thorough study of the cheese-associated microbiota using two metaomics approaches has previously been conducted. Here, we employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metaproteomics to explore the microbiota of a typical raw goat milk cheese at various ripening timepoints and depths of the cheese wheel. The 16S rRNA gene-sequencing and metaproteomics results described a stable microbiota ecology across the selected ripening timepoints, providing evidence for the microbiologically driven fermentation of goat milk products. The important features of the microbiota harbored on the surface and in the core of the cheese mass were highlighted in both compositional and functional terms. We observed the rind microbiota struggling to maintain the biosafety of the cheese through competition mechanisms and/or by preventing the colonization of the cheese by pathobionts of animal or environmental origin. The core microbiota was focused on other biochemical processes, supporting its role in the development of both the health benefits and the pleasant gustatory nuances of goat cheese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- One Health Unit, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via della Commenda 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Agostino Gemelli Foundation University Hospital IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Agostino Gemelli Foundation University Hospital IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Unit of Parasitology, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Ristori
- Unit of Parasitology, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio, 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Antonella Spina
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luigi Bonizzi
- One Health Unit, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via della Commenda 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Agostino Gemelli Foundation University Hospital IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Figeys
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-096-1369-4284
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24
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Caracciolo D, Juli G, Riillo C, Coricello A, Vasile F, Pollastri S, Rocca R, Scionti F, Polerà N, Grillone K, Arbitrio M, Staropoli N, Caparello B, Britti D, Loprete G, Costa G, Di Martino MT, Alcaro S, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Exploiting DNA Ligase III addiction of multiple myeloma by flavonoid Rhamnetin. Lab Invest 2022; 20:482. [PMID: 36273153 PMCID: PMC9588242 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background DNA ligases are crucial for DNA repair and cell replication since they catalyze the final steps in which DNA breaks are joined. DNA Ligase III (LIG3) exerts a pivotal role in Alternative-Non-Homologous End Joining Repair (Alt-NHEJ), an error-prone DNA repair pathway often up-regulated in genomically unstable cancer, such as Multiple Myeloma (MM). Based on the three-dimensional (3D) LIG3 structure, we performed a computational screening to identify LIG3-targeting natural compounds as potential candidates to counteract Alt-NHEJ activity in MM. Methods Virtual screening was conducted by interrogating the Phenol Explorer database. Validation of binding to LIG3 recombinant protein was performed by Saturation Transfer Difference (STD)—nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Cell viability was analyzed by Cell Titer-Glo assay; apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis following Annexin V-7AAD staining. Alt-NHEJ repair modulation was evaluated using plasmid re-joining assay and Cytoscan HD. DNA Damage Response protein levels were analyzed by Western blot of whole and fractionated protein extracts and immunofluorescence analysis. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number was determined by qPCR. In vivo activity was evaluated in NOD-SCID mice subcutaneously engrafted with MM cells. Results Here, we provide evidence that a natural flavonoid Rhamnetin (RHM), selected by a computational approach, counteracts LIG3 activity and killed Alt-NHEJ-dependent MM cells. Indeed, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) showed binding of RHM to LIG3 protein and functional experiments revealed that RHM interferes with LIG3-driven nuclear and mitochondrial DNA repair, leading to significant anti-MM activity in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Taken together, our findings provide proof of concept that RHM targets LIG3 addiction in MM and may represent therefore a novel promising anti-tumor natural agent to be investigated in an early clinical setting. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03705-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giada Juli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Riillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Adriana Coricello
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy.,Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Magna Græcia University, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Sara Pollastri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Rocca
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy.,Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Magna Græcia University, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Polerà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariamena Arbitrio
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Basilio Caparello
- Presidio Ospedaliero Giovanni Paolo II Lamezia Terme, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Loprete
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy.,Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Magna Græcia University, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy.,Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Magna Græcia University, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. .,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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25
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Castagna F, Bava R, Musolino V, Piras C, Cardamone A, Carresi C, Lupia C, Bosco A, Rinaldi L, Cringoli G, Palma E, Musella V, Britti D. Potential New Therapeutic Approaches Based on Punica granatum Fruits Compared to Synthetic Anthelmintics for the Sustainable Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202883. [PMID: 36290268 PMCID: PMC9598348 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The spread of helminths resistant to the most common classes of anthelmintic drugs in sheep and the presence of drug residues in the environment has prompted research to find sustainable alternative solutions for gastrointestinal nematodes control. This study reports the results of in vivo studies on the efficacy of an aqueous Punica granatum-based macerate, used in southern Italy for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. The anthelmintic efficacy was evaluated in parallel in sheep infected with gastrointestinal nematodes, using, as a positive control, the treatment with Ivermectin and Albendazole. The results of the study show a good anthelmintic efficacy, suggesting the use of this ethnoveterinary macerate as an alternative and sustainable therapeutical remedy for the helminthiasis control in the sheep. Abstract Parasites, in particular, gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) represent one of the main burdens affecting small ruminant farming and pose a serious threat to their health, welfare, productivity, and reproduction. The correct management of animals and the correct use of anthelmintic drugs are the pillars of the GIN control programs for small ruminants. However, globally due to the indiscriminate use of synthetic anthelmintics, there is a significant increase in anthelmintic resistance phenomena to one or more classes of drugs. Even if such a problem never represented a serious threat in southern Italy because of the favourable environmental conditions and because of the good farm management, the phenomenon is actually showing a steep increasing trend and requires alternative treatment measures and constant monitoring. The use of phytotherapies is considered a valuable alternative approach for GIN control in small ruminants and could help with reducing the amount of synthetic drugs used and the forthcoming anthelmintic resistance. From this perspective, the Calabria territory offers a wide number of plants with anthelmintic efficacy that could be helpful for this purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of aqueous pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) macerate compared to the treatment with Ivermectin and Albendazole in sheep naturally infected with GINs. The pomegranate macerate derives from the ethnoveterinary knowledge of the Calabria region, Southern Italy. The anthelmintic efficacy was evaluated according to the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRt) using the FLOTAC techniques in two sheep farms in Southern Italy. The FECR was calculated from individual samples using the formula FECR = 100 × (1 − [T2/C2]). The treatment with Albendazole in the first farm showed an efficacy of 99.8% after 14 days and 94.8% after 21 days, while the treatment with Ivermectin in the second farm showed an efficacy of 99.9% after 14 days and 96.5% after 21 days of treatment. The pomegranate macerate, in both farms, showed a value of efficacy of around 50% from day 7 to day 21 after the treatment. Previous studies highlighted the presence of gallic acid as the main component in the pomegranate macerate, and its efficacy in nematode control has been as well previously demonstrated in other plant extracts. This in vivo study demonstrated the unequivocal efficacy of plant macerate in easily reducing 50% of the number of GIN eggs in sheep faeces. These results, obtained without the use of synthetic anthelmintics, indicate the use of green veterinary pharmacology as a sustainable alternative to the use of synthetic drugs to reduce the increase in drug resistance phenomena and the environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmine Lupia
- National Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Castelluccio Superiore, 85040 Potenza, Italy
- Mediterranean Ethnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Regione Campania, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Regione Campania, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cringoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Regione Campania, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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26
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Bava R, Castagna F, Carresi C, Cardamone A, Federico G, Roncada P, Palma E, Musella V, Britti D. Comparison of Two Diagnostic Techniques for the Apis mellifera Varroatosis: Strengths, Weaknesses and Impact on the Honeybee Health. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9070354. [PMID: 35878371 PMCID: PMC9315579 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9070354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Varroa destructor is the most dangerous pest that poses a threat to honey bee survival. In recent years, increasingly worrying phenomena of drug resistance have occurred to various active ingredients of pharmaceutical formulations used to control this parasitosis. Determining the level of infestation is essential to preventing the inappropriate use and abuse of veterinary medicines, and to choose the most appropriate time for treatment. This comparative study investigates the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of two field techniques for diagnosing V. destructor infestations in hives. The EasyCheck device (Véto-pharma) was used in two of its application modes, namely, the sugar roll test and carbon dioxide (CO2) injection. The experiments were conducted on 15 samples of 300 bees each taken from the same frame and checked for the presence of mites using standard and modified field techniques in both uncaged and caged queen hive conditions. The results demonstrate that the sugar roll technique is significantly more effective and safer than CO2 injection, allowing for a higher accuracy in diagnosing a V. destructor infestation. Furthermore, the evaluation of mites present on bees in brood block conditions has proven to be particularly reliable. Considering the number of mites on the filter of the device as an additional step helps to implement the diagnostic accuracy of the CO2 injection technique, however, not achieving the efficacy results of the sugar roll.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Loc. Catona, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l. Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (P.R.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Riillo C, Caracciolo D, Grillone K, Polerà N, Tuccillo FM, Bonelli P, Juli G, Ascrizzi S, Scionti F, Arbitrio M, Lopreiato M, Siciliano MA, Sestito S, Talarico G, Galea E, Galati MC, Pensabene L, Loprete G, Rossi M, Ballerini A, Gentile M, Britti D, Di Martino MT, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. A Novel Bispecific T-Cell Engager (CD1a x CD3ε) BTCE Is Effective against Cortical-Derived T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122886. [PMID: 35740552 PMCID: PMC9221015 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive and still orphan hematologic malignancy. No effective immunotherapeutic strategies are presently available for this poor prognosis disease. We here report the development and the preclinical evaluation of a novel bispecific T-cell engager (BTCE) that simultaneously targets CD1a and CD3ε (CD1a x CD3ε), therefore recruiting T cells against T-ALL cells. We demonstrate that this CD1a x CD3ε BTCE induces activation, proliferation, and cytokine release by T cells in co-cultures with CD1a expressing T-ALL cells, resulting in a concentration-dependent killing of leukemic cells in vitro. Moreover, CD1a x CD3ε BTCE inhibits the in vivo growth of human T-ALL xenografts and improves survival of immunocompromised mice reconstituted with human PBMC from healthy donors. We believe that this BTCE is suitable for clinical development for the treatment of CD1a-expressing T-ALL patients. Abstract T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy burdened by poor prognosis. While huge progress of immunotherapy has recently improved the outcome of B-cell malignancies, the lack of tumor-restricted T-cell antigens still hampers its progress in T-ALL. Therefore, innovative immunotherapeutic agents are eagerly awaited. To this end, we generated a novel asymmetric (2 + 1) bispecific T-cell engager (BTCE) targeting CD1a and CD3ε (CD1a x CD3ε) starting from the development of a novel mAb named UMG2. UMG2 mAb reacts against CD1a, a glycoprotein highly expressed by cortical T-ALL cells. Importantly, no UMG2 binding was found on normal T-cells. CD1a x CD3ε induced high T-cell mediated cytotoxicity against CD1a+ T-ALL cells in vitro, as demonstrated by the concentration-dependent increase of T-cell proliferation, degranulation, induction of cell surface activation markers, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Most importantly, in a PBMC-reconstituted NGS mouse model bearing human T-ALL, CD1a x CD3ε significantly inhibited the growth of human T-ALL xenografts, translating into a significant survival advantage of treated animals. In conclusion, CD1a x CD3ε is a novel BTCE highly active against CD1a-expressing cortical-derived T-ALL cells suitable for clinical development as an effective therapeutic option for this rare and aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Riillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Nicoletta Polerà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Franca Maria Tuccillo
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (F.M.T.); (P.B.)
| | - Patrizia Bonelli
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (F.M.T.); (P.B.)
| | - Giada Juli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Serena Ascrizzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Mariamena Arbitrio
- Institute of Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Mariangela Lopreiato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Maria Anna Siciliano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Simona Sestito
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.S.); (L.P.)
| | - Gabriella Talarico
- Immunotransfusion Service Unit, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Eulalia Galea
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Unit, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.G.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Maria Concetta Galati
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Unit, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.G.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Licia Pensabene
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.S.); (L.P.)
| | - Giovanni Loprete
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.L.); (D.B.)
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | | | | | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.L.); (D.B.)
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (G.J.); (S.A.); (M.L.); (M.A.S.); (M.R.); (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
- College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence:
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Spina AA, Ceniti C, Piras C, Tilocca B, Britti D, Morittu VM. Mid-Infrared (MIR) Spectroscopy for the quantitative detection of cow’s milk in buffalo milk. J Anim Sci Technol 2022; 64:531-538. [PMID: 35709130 PMCID: PMC9184705 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In Italy, buffalo mozzarella is a largely sold and consumed dairy product. The
fraudulent adulteration of buffalo milk with cheaper and more available milk of
other species is very frequent. In the present study, Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR), in combination with multivariate analysis by partial least
square (PLS) regression, was applied to quantitatively detect the adulteration
of buffalo milk with cow milk by using a fully automatic equipment dedicated to
the routine analysis of the milk composition. To enhance the heterogeneity, cow
and buffalo bulk milk was collected for a period of over three years from
different dairy farms. A total of 119 samples were used for the analysis to
generate 17 different concentrations of buffalo-cow milk mixtures. This
procedure was used to enhance variability and to properly randomize the trials.
The obtained calibration model showed an R2 ≥
0.99 (R2cal. = 0.99861; root mean square error of
cross-validation [RMSEC] = 2.04; R2val. = 0.99803;
root mean square error of prediction [RMSEP] = 2.84; root mean square error of
cross-validation [RMSECV] = 2.44) suggesting that this method could be
successfully applied in the routine analysis of buffalo milk composition,
providing rapid screening for possible adulteration with cow’s milk at no
additional cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Antonella Spina
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of
Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna
Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
- Corresponding author: Anna Antonella Spina,
Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health,
Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100,
Italy. Tel: +39-0961-3694146, E-mail:
| | - Carlotta Ceniti
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of
Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna
Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
- Corresponding author: Carlotta Ceniti,
Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health,
Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100,
Italy. Tel: +39-0961-3694146, E-mail:
| | - Cristian Piras
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of
Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna
Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of
Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna
Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of
Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna
Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of
Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna
Græcia University, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
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Ragusa M, Miceli N, Piras C, Bosco A, Castagna F, Rinaldi L, Musella V, Taviano MF, Britti D. In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Isatis tinctoria Extracts against Ewes' Gastrointestinal Nematodes (GINs), a Possible Application for Animal Welfare. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9030129. [PMID: 35324857 PMCID: PMC8949818 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9030129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infestation represents a limiting factor for sheep farming and milk production in Italy. The development of anthelmintic resistance to conventionally used drugs suggests the path towards the use of natural remedies as a possible alternative. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extracts of basal leaves (It-BL), cauline leaves (It-CL) and flowers (It-F) of Isatis tinctoria (Brassicaceae), a spontaneous Sicilian species renowned as an important source of bioactive compounds. The dry extracts of the different parts of the plant were tested using the egg hatch test (EHT) in vitro to verify the efficacy against ovine GIN at different concentrations (1.00, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 mg/mL). Thiabendazole and deionized water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The results obtained from EHT indicated that all the I. tinctoria extracts were highly effective (p < 0.0001) in inhibiting egg hatching within 48 h of exposure. The in vitro inhibitory effect was never less than 84% in all doses tested, and it was only slightly lower than the standard drug thiabendazole (95.6%). The current study documents the anthelmintic activity of I. tinctoria against sheep’s GIN, suggesting its application as alternative natural method to limit the use of antiparasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ragusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Natalizia Miceli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (N.M.); (M.F.T.)
| | - Cristian Piras
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.)
- Centro Regionale per il Monitoraggio delle Parassitosi (CREMOPAR), Regione Campania, 84025 Eboli, Italy
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.)
- Centro Regionale per il Monitoraggio delle Parassitosi (CREMOPAR), Regione Campania, 84025 Eboli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (N.M.); (M.F.T.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Interdepartmental Center Veterinary Service for Human and Animal Health, CISVetSUA, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.C.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Ceniti C, Costanzo N, Morittu VM, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Britti D. Review: Colostrum as an Emerging food: Nutraceutical Properties and Food Supplement. Food Reviews International 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2034165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Costanzo
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
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Castagna F, Piras C, Palma E, Musolino V, Lupia C, Bosco A, Rinaldi L, Cringoli G, Musella V, Britti D. Green Veterinary Pharmacology Applied to Parasite Control: Evaluation of Punica granatum, Artemisia campestris, Salix caprea Aqueous Macerates against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8100237. [PMID: 34679067 PMCID: PMC8539373 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to anthelmintic drugs in gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of sheep is of high concern for livestock production worldwide. In Calabria (southern Italy), many plants have been used in ethnoveterinary medicine for parasite control in small ruminants. Here, we present an in vivo evaluation of anthelmintic efficacy of three plant extracts. The first was based on bark and leaves of Salix caprea, the second and the third were based on the whole plant Artemisia campestris and whole fruit (seeds and peel) of Punica granatum, respectively. Anthelmintic efficacy was evaluated according to the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) performed with the FLOTAC technique. The results showed a significant anthelmintic effect of Punica granatum macerate (50%), a low effectiveness of the Artemisia campestris macerate (20%), and a complete ineffectiveness of Salix caprea macerate (0.1%). With these outcomes, we report a P. granatum-based remedy reducing 50% GIN egg output. This result was obtained without using any synthetic drug, paving the way for the employment of green veterinary pharmacology (GVP) as a complementary and sustainable method to reduce the use of chemicals and to counteract anthelmintic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (E.P.); (C.L.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (E.P.); (C.L.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (E.P.); (C.L.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l. Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (E.P.); (C.L.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (E.P.); (C.L.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
- Mediterranean Etnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale (CZ), 88054 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR Regione Campania, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR Regione Campania, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Cringoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR Regione Campania, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (E.P.); (C.L.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.P.); (E.P.); (C.L.); (V.M.); (D.B.)
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Ceniti C, Costanzo N, Spina AA, Rodolfi M, Tilocca B, Piras C, Britti D, Morittu VM. Fungal Contamination and Aflatoxin B1 Detected in Hay for Dairy Cows in South Italy. Front Nutr 2021; 8:704976. [PMID: 34621772 PMCID: PMC8491775 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.704976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of filamentous fungi on fodder is recognized as responsible for fungal deterioration and mycotoxin contamination of the plant mass leads to economic losses in the dairy cow production system. Mycotoxin contamination has significant implications for human and animal health and is one of the major concerns in the food and feed chain. This research provides an insight into the variety of viable molds (i.e., filamentous microfungi) that can be isolated from hay produced in South Italy and destined to dairy cows. On different lots of hay (n = 55) collected from 20 dairy farms, a total of 33 different fungal species were identified. The most representative was Cladosporium cladosporioides (n = 46, 84%) followed by Alternaria alternata (n = 25, 45%), and Rhizopus stolonifer (n = 24, 44%). The species most closely related to aflatoxin (AF) contamination, Aspergillus flavus, was often isolated (n = 11, 20%). Regarding AF detection, all the hay samples were found to be scarcely contaminated by AFB1 and showed values from 0.0020 to 0.0077 mg/kg, below the limits established by European Union (EU legislation) (0.02 mg/kg). None of the samples were positive for Aspergillia and tested for AFB1 showed results exceeding established limits. Additionally, hay with moisture between 15.0 and 19.2% or crude ash on dry matter content ranging from 14.0 to 15.5% reported an increased presence of AFB1 (p < 0.05) compared to the other samples. All the analyzed hay samples, besides the presence of molds, can be considered safe for the presence of AFB1. Prevention of mold spoilage is mandatory to reduce the exposure of humans and animals to mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Costanzo
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Antonella Spina
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marinella Rodolfi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “Salvatore Venuta”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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Bava R, Castagna F, Piras C, Palma E, Cringoli G, Musolino V, Lupia C, Perri MR, Statti G, Britti D, Musella V. In Vitro Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Five Citrus spp. Essential Oils towards the Parasitic Mite Varroa destructor. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091182. [PMID: 34578214 PMCID: PMC8466118 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Varroa destructor is the most important ectoparasitic mite of honey bees that has a negative impact on bee health and honey production. The control programs are mainly based on the use of synthetic acaricides that are often administered indiscriminately. All this has led to drug resistance that now represent a great concern for honey bee farming. The research for alternative products/methods for mites’ control is now mandatory. The aim of this study was to test whether Citrus spp. essential oils could diminish the growth of the V. destructor mite. In Calabria (southern Italy), plants of the Citrus genus are very common and grow both spontaneously and cultured. The essential oils used in this study were extracted from bergamot (Citrus bergamia), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), lemon (Citrus limon), orange (Citrus sinensis), and mandarin (Citrus reticulata) by hydrodistillation. Every EO was in vitro tested against V. destructor. Each experimental replicate was performed using 35 viable adult female mites (5 for each EO) collected the same day from the same apiary and included negative controls (5 individuals exposed to acetone only) and positive controls (5 individuals exposed to Amitraz diluted in acetone). The essential oils (Eos) were diluted (0.5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, and 2 mg/mL) in HPLC grade acetone to obtain the working solution to be tested (50 µL/tube). Mite mortality was manually assessed after 1 h exposure under controlled conditions. The essential oils that showed the best effectiveness at 0.5 mg/mL were bergamot, which neutralized (dead + inactivated) 80% (p ≤ 0.001) of the parasites; grapefruit, which neutralized 70% (p ≤ 0.001); and lemon, which neutralized 69% of them. Interestingly, the positive control (Amitraz) at the same concentration neutralized 60% of the parasites. These results demonstrate that Calabrian bergamot, grapefruit, and lemon Eos consistently reduced V. destructor viability and open the possibility for their utilization to control this parasite in honey bee farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bava
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CIS VetSUA, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CIS VetSUA, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CIS VetSUA, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CIS VetSUA, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l. Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cringoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR Campania Region, 80137 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CIS VetSUA, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FISH), Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Carmine Lupia
- Mediterranean Etnobotanical Conservatory, Sersale, 88054 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Perri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87100 Cosenza, Italy; (M.R.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87100 Cosenza, Italy; (M.R.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CIS VetSUA, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CIS VetSUA, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.B.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (D.B.); (V.M.)
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Cosco D, Bruno F, Castelli G, Puleio R, Bonacci S, Procopio A, Britti D, Fresta M, Vitale F, Paolino D. Meglumine Antimoniate-Loaded Aqueous-Core PLA Nanocapsules: Old Drug, New Formulation against Leishmania-Related Diseases. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100046. [PMID: 34117834 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a human and animal disease endemic in tropical and subtropical areas treated by means of pentavalent antimony as first-line approach. Unfortunately, the formulations available on the market are characterized by significant side effects and a total remission of the disease is difficult to be obtained. The aim of this investigation is to describe the development and characterization of aqueous-core poly-l-lactide (PLA) nanocapsules containing glucantime (meglumine antimoniate, MA) with the aim of increasing the pharmacological efficacy of the active compound. The polymeric systems characterized by a mean diameter of ≈300 nm exert a great interaction with murine macrophages. MA-loaded PLA nanocapsules show a great antileishmanial activity on mice infected with Leishmania infantum with respect to the free drug, favoring a decrease of the administration times. The biodistribution profiles demonstrate a lower renal accumulation of MA after its nanoencapsulation and a significant increase of its plasmatic half-life. The parasite load evaluated by immunohistochemistry shows a significant decrease in liver, spleen, and kidneys when mice are treated with MA-loaded PLA nanocapsules especially after 45 days. The obtained results demonstrate the potential application of MA-loaded PLA nanocapsules as novel nanomedicine for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta,", Catanzaro, I-88100, Italy
| | - Federica Bruno
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Leishmaniosi, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, 90129, Italy
| | - Germano Castelli
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Leishmaniosi, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, 90129, Italy
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Laboratorio Istopatologia e Immunoistochimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, 90129, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta,", Catanzaro, I-88100, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta,", Catanzaro, I-88100, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta,", Catanzaro, I-88100, Italy
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta,", Catanzaro, I-88100, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vitale
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Leishmaniosi, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, 90129, Italy
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta,", Catanzaro, I-88100, Italy
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Castagna F, Britti D, Oliverio M, Bosco A, Bonacci S, Iriti G, Ragusa M, Musolino V, Rinaldi L, Palma E, Musella V. In Vitro Anthelminthic Efficacy of Aqueous Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) Extracts against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9121063. [PMID: 33353177 PMCID: PMC7766728 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9121063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide increased difficulty to counteract gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection in sheep, due to progressing anthelmintic resistance, has led to the evaluation of other alternative helminth control options, mainly from plants. The anthelmintic efficacy of an aqueous Punica granatum macerate was evaluated in sheep naturally infected by GIN in southern Italy. The macerate was chemically characterized by chromatographic analysis coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) and an aliquot was concentrated to obtain a dry extract. A part was characterized, the remaining washed with methanol to obtain an insoluble residue and methanol phase. In the methanol fraction, the quantitatively predominant gallic acid was purified to obtain the pure molecule. The three fractions thus obtained were used for in vitro studies (i.e., egg hatch test) to verify anthelmintic efficacy. For this purpose, fecal samples were collected from sheep naturally infected by GINs. Fractions were diluted in H2O/DMSO 0.5% at 1.00, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.05, and 0.005 mg/mL concentrations. Thiabendazole (0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL) and deionized water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Egg hatch test results indicated that all fractions caused a significant (p < 0.05) egg hatch inhibition within 48 h of exposure highlighting a high (>82%) efficacy in vitro at all tested doses. Maximal egg hatching inhibition effect was exhibited by the methanol fraction (99.3% and 89.3% at 1 and 0.005 mg/mL concentrations), followed by the insoluble residue and gallic acid (94.7% and 85.3% and 94.0% and 82.7% at 1 and 0.005 mg/mL, respectively). The current study validated the anthelmintic potential of traditional P. granatum macerate against GIN infection in sheep, thus highlighting the role of gallic acid as principal component and justifying a need to undertake further in vivo studies on these ethno-veterinary remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castagna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Iriti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Monica Ragusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (A.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, CISVetSUA, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.B.); (M.O.); (S.B.); (G.I.); (E.P.); (V.M.)
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Abstract
Progress of the omics platforms widens their application to diverse fields, including immunology. This enables a deeper level of knowledge and the provision of a huge amount of data for which management and fruitful integration with the past evidence requires a steadily growing computational effort. In light of this, immunoinformatics emerges as a new discipline placed in between the traditional lab-based investigations and the computational analysis of the biological data. Immunoinformatics make use of tailored bioinformatics tools and data repositories to facilitate the analysis of data from a plurality of disciplines and help drive novel research hypotheses and in silico screening investigations in a fast, reliable, and cost-effective manner. Such computational immunoproteomics studies may as well prepare and guide lab-based investigations, representing valuable technology for the investigation of novel pathogens, to tentatively evaluate specificity of diagnostic products, to forecast on potential adverse effects of vaccines and to reduce the use of animal models. The present manuscript provides an overview of the COVID-19 pandemic and reviews the state of the art of the omics technologies employed in fighting SARS-CoV-2 infections. A comprehensive description of the immunoinformatics approaches and its potential role in contrasting COVID-19 pandemics is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department
of Health Sciences, University “Magna
Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department
of Health Sciences, University “Magna
Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department
of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative
Clinics, Università Cattolica del
Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Scienze di laboratorio e infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department
of Health Sciences, University “Magna
Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
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Trimboli F, Ragusa M, Piras C, Lopreiato V, Britti D. Outcomes from Experimental Testing of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Administration during the Transition Period of Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10101832. [PMID: 33050071 PMCID: PMC7601688 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The treatment of dairy cows with nonsteroidal drugs is applied experimentally to investigate the relevance of inflammation during the periparturient period. Despite appearing healthy, dairy cows throughout the transition period and mainly after parturition can develop a pro-inflammatory status that may negatively influence milk production and cows’ health. The administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been demonstrated to have both positive or negative effects on health and milk production, depending on the type of inhibition mechanism, the dose administered and the cows’ lactation numbers. At present, the safety and efficacy of NSAIDs have not been irrefutably demonstrated; therefore, their use to improve metabolic and inflammatory status, as well as milk production and cow health after parturition, should be carefully evaluated. Abstract During the transition period, dairy cows experience great physiological stress caused by changes in metabolism and in the immune and endocrine systems. A pro-inflammatory state is another difficulty faced by even apparently healthy animals. The most significant negative consequences of inflammation in dairy cows are substantial impairment of milk production and deleterious effects on cows’ health in extreme cases. Nonetheless, a certain degree of inflammation is necessary to sustain physiological adaptations. In recent years, many studies have attempted to determine whether the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in the transition period of dairy cows could positively affect milk production and cows’ health by controlling the inflammation status. This literature indicates that NSAIDs that act as preferential inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) activity show important side effects (e.g., increased risk of retained placenta, culling, or metritis) even if milk production is, on average, ameliorated. In contrast, preferential inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity have overall positive effects on cows’ health, with potential beneficial effects on milk production. Furthermore, it is important to note that with certain NSAID treatments, milk discarding is mandatory to prevent contamination with drug residues, but increased milk production can compensate for the loss of milk revenue during the withdrawal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Trimboli
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Monica Ragusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.)
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Crupi R, Impellizzeri D, Gugliandolo E, Cordaro M, Siracusa R, Britti D, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Effect of Tempol, a Membrane-Permeable Free Radical Scavenger, on In Vitro Model of Eye Inflammation on Rabbit Corneal Cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 35:571-577. [PMID: 31825758 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2019.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Inflammatory corneal diseases such as bacterial keratitis provoke severe injury to the visual functions and physical structure, leading to opaqueness, wounding, damage to the cornea, and even long-lasting vision loss. Usually antioxidant substances have been of great attention as candidate therapies in the management of keratitis in both humans and animals. Based on the findings, the aim of our research was to examine the effects of Tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl), a membrane-permeable free radical scavenger with exclusive antioxidant properties, on in vitro model of eye inflammation of rabbit corneal cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Seruminstitute Rabbit Cornea). Methods: The cells were pretreated with Tempol and incubated with LPS for 24 h. LPS stimulation triggered increased cellular mortality, oxidative stress, cytokine levels expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, and also enhanced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Results: Pretreatment with Tempol (3 mM) significantly increased cell viability and antioxidant activity as well as decreased reactive oxygen species production, cytokines, PGE2 levels, and COX-2 expression. Conclusions: Taken together, Tempol could be a new therapeutic strategy for management of ocular inflammatory disorders for clinical and veterinary use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia," Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Maurotti S, Russo C, Musolino V, Nucera S, Gliozzi M, Scicchitano M, Bosco F, Morittu VM, Ragusa M, Mazza E, Pujia R, Gazzaruso C, Britti D, Valenti MT, Deiana M, Romeo S, Giannini S, Dalle Carbonare L, Mollace V, Pujia A, Montalcini T. Effects of C-Peptide Replacement Therapy on Bone Microarchitecture Parameters in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:266-280. [PMID: 32607636 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
C-peptide therapy protects against diabetic micro- and macrovascular damages and neuropatic complications. However, to date, the role of C-peptide in preventing diabetes-related bone loss has not been investigated. Our aim was to evaluate if C-peptide infusion improves bone quality in diabetic rats. Twenty-three male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group; sham diabetic control group; diabetic plus C-peptide group. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection and C-peptide was delivered subcutaneously for 6 weeks. We performed micro-CT and histological testing to assess several trabecular microarchitectural parameters. At the end, diabetic plus C-peptide rats had a higher serum C-peptide (p = 0.02) and calcium (p = 0.04) levels and tibia weight (p = 0.02) than the diabetic control group. The diabetic plus C-peptide group showed a higher trabecular thickness and cross-sectional thickness than the diabetic control group (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03). Both the normal control and diabetic plus C-peptide groups had more Runx-2 and PLIN1 positive cells in comparison with the diabetic control group (p = 0.045 and p = 0.034). Diabetic rats receiving C-peptide had higher quality of trabecular bone than diabetic rats not receiving this treatment. If confirmed, C-peptide could have a role in improving bone quality in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Maurotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Viale S. Venuta, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Monica Ragusa
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmine Gazzaruso
- Diabetes and Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Unit and the Centre for Applied Clinical Research (Ce.R.C.A.) Clinical Institute "Beato Matteo" (Hospital Group San Donato), 27029, Vigevano, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Medicine, Specialized Regional Center for Biomolecular and Histomorphometric Research On Degenerative and Skelatal Diseases, Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Deiana
- Department of Medicine, Specialized Regional Center for Biomolecular and Histomorphometric Research On Degenerative and Skelatal Diseases, Verona, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Romeo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascolar and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, 42246, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sandro Giannini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova and Regional Center for Osteoporosis, Clinica Medica 1, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Department of Medicine, Specialized Regional Center for Biomolecular and Histomorphometric Research On Degenerative and Skelatal Diseases, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montalcini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Viale S. Venuta, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Calzetta L, Pistocchini E, Ritondo BL, Roncada P, Palma E, di Cave D, Mattei M, Britti D. Immunoprophylaxis pharmacotherapy against canine leishmaniosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of vaccines approved in European Union. Vaccine 2020; 38:6695-6703. [PMID: 32883556 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania (L.) infantum is a vector-borne parasite currently endemic in several Southern countries of European Union (EU), and dogs represent the main reservoir and hosts. Data from clinical trials are inconsistent with respect to the efficacy of vaccination against L. infantum infection. Therefore, a quantitative synthesis via pairwise meta-analysis was performed in agreement with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) to increase the strength of evidence and assess the real efficacy profile of vaccines against L. infantum currently approved in EU. Data obtained from 1,394 dogs were extracted from 10 studies. The overall analysis indicated that vaccination is significantly effective in protecting against L. infantum infection (RR 0.40, 95%CI 0.23-0.72; I2 70%; P < 0.01 vs. negative controls). The subset analysis performed by excluding the effect modifiers and by considering only the studies that assessed the efficacy of vaccines currently available in EU, indicated that CaniLeish® (RR 0.38, 95%CI 0.20-0.72; I2 0%), but not Letifend® (RR 0.43, 95%CI 0.15-1.22; I2 37%), significantly protected against L. infantum infection when compared to negative controls (P < 0.05). The number needed to treat analysis showed that 3.77 (95%CI 2.59-6.94) and 10.99 (95%CI 8.28-16.34) dogs had to be treated with CaniLeish® and Letifend®, respectively, to prevent one case of infection compared to negative controls. Vaccination is effective in protecting against the risk L. infantum infection, but further studies are needed to assess whether CaniLeish® and Letifend® are characterized by similar efficacy profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigino Calzetta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Elena Pistocchini
- Unit of Laboratory Medicine, Veterinary Hospital Gregorio VII, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - David di Cave
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mattei
- Department of Biology, Centro Servizi Interdipartimentale-STA, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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41
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Piras C, Ceniti C, Hartmane E, Costanzo N, Morittu VM, Roncada P, Britti D, Cramer R. Rapid Liquid AP-MALDI MS Profiling of Lipids and Proteins from Goat and Sheep Milk for Speciation and Colostrum Analysis. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8030020. [PMID: 32825579 PMCID: PMC7564146 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8030020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid profiling of the biomolecular components of milk can be useful for food quality assessment and for food fraud detection. Differences in commercial value and availability of milk from specific species are often the reasons for the illicit and fraudulent sale of milk whose species origin is wrongly declared. In this study, a fast, MS-based speciation method is presented to distinguish sheep from goat milk and sheep colostrum at different phases. Using liquid atmospheric pressure (AP)-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI) MS, it was possible to classify samples of goat and sheep milk with 100% accuracy in one minute of data acquisition per sample. Moreover, an accuracy of 98% was achieved in classifying pure sheep milk samples and sheep milk samples containing 10% goat milk. Evaluating colostrum quality and postnatal stages represents another possible application of this technology. Classification of sheep colostrum samples that were collected within 6 hours after parturition and 48 hours later was achieved with an accuracy of 84.4%. Our data show that substantial changes in the lipid profile can account for the accurate classification of colostrum collected at the early and late time points. This method applied to the analysis of protein orthologs of different species can, as in this case, allow unequivocal speciation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DX, UK; (C.P.); (E.H.)
| | - Carlotta Ceniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (N.C.); (V.M.M.); (P.R.); (D.B.)
| | - Evita Hartmane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DX, UK; (C.P.); (E.H.)
| | - Nicola Costanzo
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (N.C.); (V.M.M.); (P.R.); (D.B.)
| | - Valeria Maria Morittu
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (N.C.); (V.M.M.); (P.R.); (D.B.)
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (N.C.); (V.M.M.); (P.R.); (D.B.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (N.C.); (V.M.M.); (P.R.); (D.B.)
| | - Rainer Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DX, UK; (C.P.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-118-378-4550
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42
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Arcidiacono B, Chiefari E, Foryst-Ludwig A, Currò G, Navarra G, Brunetti FS, Mirabelli M, Corigliano DM, Kintscher U, Britti D, Mollace V, Foti DP, Goldfine ID, Brunetti A. Obesity-related hypoxia via miR-128 decreases insulin-receptor expression in human and mouse adipose tissue promoting systemic insulin resistance. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102912. [PMID: 32739259 PMCID: PMC7502675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue (VAT), skeletal muscle and liver is a prominent feature of most patients with obesity. How this association arises remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that the decrease in insulin receptor (INSR) expression and insulin signaling in VAT from obese individuals is an early molecular manifestation that might play a crucial role in the cascade of events leading to systemic insulin resistance. Methods To clarify the role of INSR and insulin signaling in adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity, we first measured INSR expression in VAT samples from normal-weight subjects and patients with different degrees of obesity. We complemented these studies with experiments on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, and in human and murine adipocyte cultures, in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Findings An inverse correlation was observed between increasing body mass index and decreasing INSR expression in VAT of obese humans. Our results indicate that VAT-specific downregulation of INSR is an early event in obesity-related adipose cell dysfunction, which increases systemic insulin resistance in both obese humans and mice. We also provide evidence that obesity-related hypoxia in VAT plays a determinant role in this scenario by decreasing INSR mRNA stability. This decreased stability is through the activation of a miRNA (miR-128) that downregulates INSR expression in adipocytes. Interpretation We present a novel pathogenic mechanism of reduced INSR expression and insulin signaling in adipocytes. Our data provide a new explanation linking obesity with systemic insulin resistance. Funding This work was partly supported by a grant from Nutramed (PON 03PE000_78_1) and by the European Commission (FESR FSE 2014-2020 and Regione Calabria).
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Arcidiacono
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Foryst-Ludwig
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Currò
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Navarra
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Evolutive Age, University Hospital of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco S Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mirabelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica M Corigliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ulrich Kintscher
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela P Foti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ira D Goldfine
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 94143 San Francisco, USA
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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43
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Tilocca B, Pieroni L, Soggiu A, Britti D, Bonizzi L, Roncada P, Greco V. Gut-Brain Axis and Neurodegeneration: State-of-the-Art of Meta-Omics Sciences for Microbiota Characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4045. [PMID: 32516966 PMCID: PMC7312636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of meta-omics sciences and related bioinformatics tools have allowed a comprehensive investigation of human-associated microbiota and its contribution to achieving and maintaining the homeostatic balance. Bioactive compounds from the microbial community harboring the human gut are involved in a finely tuned network of interconnections with the host, orchestrating a wide variety of physiological processes. These includes the bi-directional crosstalk between the central nervous system, the enteric nervous system, and the gastrointestinal tract (i.e., gut-brain axis). The increasing accumulation of evidence suggest a pivotal role of the composition and activity of the gut microbiota in neurodegeneration. In the present review we aim to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of meta-omics sciences including metagenomics for the study of microbial genomes and taxa strains, metatranscriptomics for gene expression, metaproteomics and metabolomics to identify and/or quantify microbial proteins and metabolites, respectively. The potential and limitations of each discipline were highlighted, as well as the advantages of an integrated approach (multi-omics) to predict microbial functions and molecular mechanisms related to human diseases. Particular emphasis is given to the latest results obtained with these approaches in an attempt to elucidate the link between the gut microbiota and the most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (B.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Luisa Pieroni
- Proteomics and Metabonomics Unit, Fondazione Santa Lucia-IRCCS, via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64-00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences- One Health Unit, University of Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Via dell’Università, 6- 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (B.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Luigi Bonizzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Via dell’Università, 6- 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (B.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
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44
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Mastellone V, Musco N, Vassalotti G, Piantedosi D, Vastolo A, Cutrignelli MI, Britti D, Cortese L, Lombardi P. A Nutritional Supplement (DìLsh TM) Improves the Inflammatory Cytokines Response, Oxidative Stress Markers and Clinical Signs in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E938. [PMID: 32485886 PMCID: PMC7341525 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility to associate nutraceuticals, as immune-modulating tools, to the treatment of visceral leishmaniosis is a matter of great interest. In this study, we investigated whether the administration of a nutritional supplement (DìLshTM, Dynamopet SRL, Verona, Italy) was able to exert beneficial effects on the inflammatory state and oxidative stress of the dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum. To this purpose, specific parameters, namely Tumor Necrosis Factor -alpha (TNF), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Inteleukin-10 (IL-10), leptin, derivates of Reactive Oxigen Metabolites (d-Roms) and Biological Antioxidant Potential (BAP), as well as the haematological and biochemical profiles of the infected dogs, were investigated upon the treatment with the nutritional supplement and compared with the conventional pharmacological anti-Leishmania therapy. The animals underwent complete clinical examination and blood sample collection before (T0) and 3 months after (T90) the onset of the two treatments. The two treatments showed similar results: significant clinical improvement, ELISA positivity and IgG decrease, an increase in IL-10, and a decrease in IL-6 were observed in animals treated with the nutritional supplement. A decrease in d-Roms and an increase in BAP were also detected in both groups. On the whole, the nutritional supplement possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, suggesting that it may support animals' health and be useful to extend the time a drug therapy is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Mastellone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (N.M.); (D.P.); (A.V.); (M.I.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Nadia Musco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (N.M.); (D.P.); (A.V.); (M.I.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Vassalotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.V.); (D.B.)
| | - Diego Piantedosi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (N.M.); (D.P.); (A.V.); (M.I.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Alessandro Vastolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (N.M.); (D.P.); (A.V.); (M.I.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Monica Isabella Cutrignelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (N.M.); (D.P.); (A.V.); (M.I.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.V.); (D.B.)
| | - Laura Cortese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (N.M.); (D.P.); (A.V.); (M.I.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (N.M.); (D.P.); (A.V.); (M.I.C.); (P.L.)
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45
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Tilocca B, Soggiu A, Sanguinetti M, Babini G, De Maio F, Britti D, Zecconi A, Bonizzi L, Urbani A, Roncada P. Immunoinformatic analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein as a strategy to assess cross-protection against COVID-19. Microbes Infect 2020; 22:182-187. [PMID: 32446902 PMCID: PMC7241347 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Envelope protein of coronaviruses is a structural protein existing in both monomeric and homo-pentameric form. It has been related to a multitude of roles including virus infection, replication, dissemination and immune response stimulation. In the present study, we employed an immunoinformatic approach to investigate the major immunogenic domains of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein and map them among the homologue proteins of coronaviruses with tropism for animal species that are closely inter-related with the human beings population all over the world. Also, when not available, we predicted the envelope protein structural folding and mapped SARS-CoV-2 epitopes. Envelope sequences alignment provides evidence of high sequence homology for some of the investigated virus specimens; while the structural mapping of epitopes resulted in the interesting maintenance of the structural folding and epitope sequence localization also in the envelope proteins scoring a lower alignment score. In line with the One-Health approach, our evidences provide a molecular structural rationale for a potential role of taxonomically related coronaviruses in conferring protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and identifying potential candidates for the development of diagnostic tools and prophylactic-oriented strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences- One Health Unit, University of Milano, Via Celoria n10, 20133, Milano, Italy; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze di laboratorio e infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Babini
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Flavio De Maio
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze di laboratorio e infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alfonso Zecconi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences- One Health Unit, University of Milano, Via Celoria n10, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Bonizzi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences- One Health Unit, University of Milano, Via Celoria n10, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze di laboratorio e infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Roma, Italy.
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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46
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Morittu VM, Lopreiato V, Ceniti C, Spina AA, Minuti A, Trevisi E, Britti D, Trimboli F. Technical note: Capillary electrophoresis as a rapid test for the quantification of immunoglobulin G in serum of newborn lambs. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6583-6587. [PMID: 32331871 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Finding a rapid and simple method of serum IgG determination in lambs is essential for monitoring failure of passive transfer of immunity. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of capillary electrophoresis (CE), an instrument mainly used in blood serum protein analysis, to estimate IgG content in serum of newborn lambs through determination of only total Ig percentage by comparing the results with those obtained with radial immunodiffusion (RID), the reference method for serum IgG quantification. Serum samples were collected at 24 h after birth from 40 Sarda lambs. The IgG concentration measured by RID and serum total Ig concentration measured by CE were (mean ± standard deviation) 29.8 ± 16.1 g/L and 37.8 ± 15.0%, respectively. Data provided by RID and CE analysis showed a polynomial trend (RID = 0.02CE2 - 0.04CE + 4.13; coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.96), displaying a strong relationship between these 2 methods. Applying the polynomial equation, the IgG values were predicted. Predicted IgG values were highly correlated (r = 0.98) and related (R2 = 0.96) to IgG values obtained by RID assay. These data were subjected to Bland-Altman analysis, revealing a high level of agreement between CE and RID methods with a bias that was not different from 0 (-0.04 g/L) and agreement limits of -6.38 g/L (low) and +6.30 g/L (high). In addition, the linear regression analysis between differences (dependent variable) and average of IgG concentration by CE and RID (independent variable) did not show proportional bias (R2 = 0.01). In conclusion, CE is a reliable instrument for a lamb health monitoring program, where Bland-Altman analysis also confirmed that the CE method can be a suitable alternative to RID.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Morittu
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - V Lopreiato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy.
| | - C Ceniti
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - A A Spina
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - A Minuti
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - E Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - D Britti
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - F Trimboli
- Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health, Department of Health Science, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
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47
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Tilocca B, Soggiu A, Sanguinetti M, Musella V, Britti D, Bonizzi L, Urbani A, Roncada P. Comparative computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein epitopes in taxonomically related coronaviruses. Microbes Infect 2020; 22:188-194. [PMID: 32302675 PMCID: PMC7156246 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several research lines are currently ongoing to address the multitude of facets of the pandemic COVID-19. In line with the One-Health concept, extending the target of the studies to the animals which humans are continuously interacting with may favor a better understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathogenetic mechanisms; thus, helping to adopt the most suitable containment measures. The last two decades have already faced severe manifestations of the coronavirus infection in both humans and animals, thus, circulating epitopes from previous outbreaks might confer partial protection from SARS-CoV-2 infections. In the present study, we provide an in-silico survey of the major nucleocapsid protein epitopes and compare them with the homologues of taxonomically-related coronaviruses with tropism for animal species that are closely inter-related with the human beings population all over the world. Protein sequence alignment provides evidence of high sequence homology for some of the investigated proteins. Moreover, structural epitope mapping by homology modelling revealed a potential immunogenic value also for specific sequences scoring a lower identity with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins. These evidence provide a molecular structural rationale for a potential role in conferring protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and identifying potential candidates for the development of diagnostic tools and prophylactic-oriented strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences- One Health Unit, University of Milano, Via Celoria n10, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo S. Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze di laboratorio e infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luigi Bonizzi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences- One Health Unit, University of Milano, Via Celoria n10, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo S. Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze di laboratorio e infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Roma, Italy.
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Gugliandolo E, Crupi R, Siracusa R, Impellizzeri D, Cordaro M, Di Paola R, Britti D, Cuzzocrea S. Reduction of Leishmania activity by N‐acetyl ‐L‐cysteine: in vivo study. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.05264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Tilocca B, Soggiu A, Musella V, Britti D, Sanguinetti M, Urbani A, Roncada P. Molecular basis of COVID-19 relationships in different species: a one health perspective. Microbes Infect 2020; 22:218-220. [PMID: 32194253 PMCID: PMC7102648 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Outside the Hubei province, China, the mild form of infection and the progressive recover of the COVID-19 patients suggest the intervention of "unconventional" biological mechanisms worthy of attention. Based on the high-homology between the Spike protein epitopes of taxonomically-related coronaviruses, we hypothesized that past contact with infected dogs shield humans against the circulating SARS-CoV-2. Elseways, the recurrent virus exposure over a short time-lapse might result in the Antibody Dependent Enhancement, triggering the violent immune reaction responsible for the severe clinical outcomes observed in the Hubei province. Nevertheless, further experimental studies are desired for a confidential evaluation of the postulated hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria n10, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo S. Vito n1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Largo S. Vito n8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo S. Vito n1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Largo S. Vito n8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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50
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Gaddi AV, Capello F, Andrisano V, Aspriello SD, Bertolotti M, Bonsanto F, Britti D, Castagnetti A, Casu G, Cicero A, Cipolla M, Cotroneo AM, Cremonesi A, Dentali F, Dicello M, Fragiacomo C, Gaddoni M, Gardini GL, Gnasso A, Guardamagna O, Lentini P, Lucchin L, Manca M, Massini G, Noera G, Ortasi P, Pedro E, Rinaldi G, Romano P, Romano V, Sabbà C, Savo MT, Sotis G, Tangianu F, Tempesta S, Visioli F, Voci TD, Volpe R. Humankind versus Virus: Are we winning the battle but losing the war? MNM 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Capello
- International Study Center of Society of Telemedicine and Digital Health, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Qualità della Vita, Campus di Rimini, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Marco Bertolotti
- Internal Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Fabio Bonsanto
- Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna and Emila Romagna Society of Telemedicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Britti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Gavino Casu
- Cardiology San Francesco Hospital, European Society of Cardiology ATS-Sardegna, Italy
| | - Arrigo Cicero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cipolla
- Calabria Society of Telemedine, Regione Calabria, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino Maria Cotroneo
- Dipartimento Salute Anziani - Geriatria Ospedaliera OBDV e Territoriale Botticelli, Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Cremonesi
- Cardiology Unit e Cardiovascular DPT, Cliniche Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dentali
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università dell’Insubria Varese, Italy
| | | | | | - Morena Gaddoni
- Casa di Cura Giardino S. Lucia, Massa Lombarda, Ravenna, Italy
| | | | - Agostino Gnasso
- Internal Medicine, Università della Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Lentini
- Associazione Interregionale Cardiologi e Specialisti Medici Ambulatoriali (ACSA), Roma, Italy
| | - Lucio Lucchin
- Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Health District of Bolzano, and Italian Association of Nutrition and Dietetics (ADI), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marco Manca
- Scimpulse Foundation, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Massini
- Department of Health and Paediatric Science, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Noera
- Health Ricerca e Sviluppo, SrL, Spin off Università di Bologna, Massa Lombarda, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ortasi
- Cooperativa Medicina Futura Lugo, AGCI per la Cooperazione Medica, Lugo (RA), Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Rinaldi
- Italian Society of Digital Health and Telemedicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Romano
- Cooperativa Medici di Medicina Generale di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Sabbà
- Medicina Interna “Cesare Frugoni” Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Flavio Tangianu
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Sergio Tempesta
- Medical Genetics Lab, Tecnobios Prenatale Eurogenlab, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tommaso Diego Voci
- Associazione Interregionale Cardiologi e Specialisti Medici Ambulatoriali (ACSA), Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Volpe
- Unità Prevenzione e Protezione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Roma, Italy
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