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Li S, Ying Z, Peng R, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Zhao J, Song S, Chen J, Ye J. Enhanced 1,2-dichloroethane removal using g-C 3N 4/Blue TiO 2 nanotube array photoanode in microbial photoelectrochemical cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142839. [PMID: 39019181 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The compound 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), a persistent and ubiquitous pollutant, is often found in groundwater and can strongly affect the ecological environment. However, the extreme bio-impedance of C-Cl bonds means that a high energy input is needed to drive biological dechlorination. Biotechnology techniques based on microbial photoelectrochemical cell (MPEC) could potentially convert solar energy into electricity and significantly reduce the external energy inputs currently needed to treat 1,2-DCA. However, low electricity-generating efficiency at the anode and sluggish bioreaction kinetics at the cathode limit the application of MPEC. In this study, a g-C3N4/Blue TiO2-NTA photoanode was fabricated and incorporated into an MPEC for 1,2-DCA removal. Optimal performance was achieved when Blue TiO2 nanotube arrays (Blue TiO2-NTA) were loaded with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) 10 times. The photocurrent density of the g-C3N4/Blue TiO2-NTA composite electrode was 2.48-fold higher than that of the pure Blue TiO2-NTA electrode under light irradiation. Furthermore, the MPEC equipped with g-C3N4/Blue TiO2-NTA improved 1,2-DCA removal efficiency by 45.21% compared to the Blue TiO2-NTA alone, which is comparable to that of a microbial electrolysis cell. In the modified MPEC, the current efficiency reached 69.07% when the light intensity was 150 mW cm-2 and the 1,2-DCA concentration was 4.4 mM. The excellent performance of the novel MPEC was attributed to the efficient direct electron transfer process and the abundant dechlorinators and electroactive bacteria. These results provide a sustainable and cost-effective strategy to improve 1,2-DCA treatment using a biocathode driven by a photoanode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Zanyun Ying
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Agricultural Germplasm Resources Mining and Environmental Regulation, College of Science & Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315212, China
| | - Ruijian Peng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Jingkai Zhao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Shuang Song
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Jianmeng Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China; School of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| | - Jiexu Ye
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
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Li C, Chen R, Ouyang W, Xue C, Liu M, Liu H. The response of C/N/S cycling functional microbial communities to redox conditions in shallow aquifers using in-situ sediment as bio-trap matrix. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:3666-3678. [PMID: 37323025 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2225704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities are fundamental components driving critical biogeochemical carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) cycles in groundwater ecosystems. The reduction-oxidation (redox) potential is one important environmental factor influencing the microbial community composition. Here, we developed a bio-trap method using in-situ sediment as a matrix to collect aquifer sediment samples and evaluate the response of microbial composition and C/N/S cycling functions to redox variations created by providing sole O2, joint O2 and H2, and sole H2 to three wells. Illumina sequencing analyses showed that the microbial communities in the bio-trap sediment could respond quickly to redox changes in the wells, demonstrating that this bio-trap method is promising for detecting microbial variation in the aquifer sediment. The microbial metabolic functions related to C, N and S cyclings and organic pollutants degradation were predicted by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) approach. It was found that the joint O2 and H2 injection produced medium oxidation-reduction potential (ORP -346 and -614 mV) and enhanced more microbial functions than sole O2 or H2, which mainly include oxidative phosphorylation, most carbon source metabolism, various pollutants degradation, and nitrogen and sulfur metabolism. Moreover, the functional genes encoding phenol monooxygenase, dioxygenase, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, aerobic and anaerobic nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, nitric oxide reductase, and sulfur oxidation increased. These findings tell us the contaminant bioremediation and N, S metabolism can be promoted by adjusting ORP realised by injecting joint O2 and H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Technology and Business University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Ouyang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Wu N, Song J, Wang Z, Li P, Song Y. Differential and mechanism analysis of sulfate influence on the degradation of 1,1,2- trichloroethane by nano- and micron-size zero-valent iron. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:2612-2627. [PMID: 36763460 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2179944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The in-situ reduction of zero-valent iron (ZVI) is an effective method for removing chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) from groundwater. The heterogeneity of environmental conditions is also crucial in affecting dechlorination efficiency. Until now, the effect of Sulfate (SO42-) on ZVI activity has been debated, and the related mechanism research on SO42- behaviour during the abiotic reduction process of chlorinated alkanes is still lacking. In this study, the impacts of SO42- concentrations (0, 2, 4, 8, 80 mM) on the degradation of 1,1,2-trichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA) by micron-size ZVI (mZVI) and nano-size ZVI (nZVI) were systematically investigated. For mZVI, Kobs increased by 0.6 (2 mM), 0.5 (4 mM), 1.1 (8 mM), and 1.6 times (80 mM). For nZVI, Kobs decreased by 32% (2 mM), 39% (4 mM), 45% (8 mM), and 9% (80 mM). The results showed that SO42- increased the rate of 1,1,2-TCA degradation by mZVI but weakened the reduction performance of nZVI; however, this inhibition was reduced when the concentration reached 80 mM. SO42- controlled the degradation of 1,1,2-TCA mainly through the formation of different iron-sulfate complexes on the ZVI surface: water-soluble bidentate iron-sulfate complexes formed on the mZVI surface promoted the corrosion of the oxide layer and accelerated the reduction of 1,1,2-TCA, monodentate complexes mainly formed on the nZVI surface inhibited the reduction of 1,1,2-TCA by blocking surface sites. These results demonstrate the proof of concept to assist land managers in the field application of ZVI technology for the remediation of CAHs contaminated sites with different background concentrations of SO42-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Land Contamination and Remediation, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijin Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Land Contamination and Remediation, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuhao Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Land Contamination and Remediation, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxia Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peizhong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Land Contamination and Remediation, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Land Contamination and Remediation, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Long T, Deng S, Chen Q, Chen S, Luo M, Yu R, Zhu X. Machine Learning Modeling Based on Microbial Community for Prediction of Natural Attenuation in Groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21212-21223. [PMID: 38064381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Natural attenuation is widely adopted as a remediation strategy, and the attenuation potential is crucial to evaluate whether remediation goals can be achieved within the specified time. In this work, long-term monitoring of indigenous microbial communities as well as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) in groundwater was conducted at a historic pesticide manufacturing site. A machine learning approach for natural attenuation prediction was developed with random forest classification (RFC) followed by either random forest regression (RFR) or artificial neural networks (ANNs), utilizing microbiological information and contaminant attenuation rates for model training and cross-validation. Results showed that the RFC could accurately predict the feasibility of natural attenuation for both BTEX and CAHs, and it could successfully identify the key genera. The RFR model was sufficient for the BTEX natural attenuation rate prediction but unreliable for CAHs. The ANN model showed better performance in the prediction of the attenuation rates for both BTEX and CAHs. Based on the assessments, a composite modeling method of RFC and ANN was proposed, which could reduce the mean absolute percentage errors. This study reveals that the combined machine learning approach under the synergistic use of field microbial data has promising potential for predicting natural attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Long
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Geo-engineering Investigation Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210041, Jiangsu, China
| | - Moye Luo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Du X, Zhang X, Liu J, Zhang Z, Wu L, Bai X, Tan C, Gong Y, Zhang Y, Li H. Establishment of evaluation system for biological remediation on organic pollution in groundwater using slow-release agents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166522. [PMID: 37625714 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In situ bioremediation through slow-release agents can continuously degrade organic pollutants for a long time and have high application potential in solving problems such as tailing and rebound. However, the existing evaluation system is difficult to reflect the performance of bioremediation through slow-release agents, which is not conducive to the promotion of technology. It is urgent to establish a targeted evaluation system. Therefore, based on the multi-criteria decision-making method (MCDA), a comprehensive evaluation model was established. The evaluation index system was constructed for bioremediation through slow-release agents consisting of 16 indicators including pollutant degradation rate, agent preparation cost, engineering operation and maintenance cost, secondary pollution, long-term degradation stability, slow release time, slow release stability, increase in functional microbial flora, increase in total DNA content, agent particle size, solid agent morphology, liquid agent viscosity, dispersibility in aqueous phase, zeta potential, operability of agent preparation, and engineering operation management difficulty. Then, the weight of the indicators was determined by using the best-worst method (BWM), and evaluation criteria was established based on relevant norms and literature. Both and the indicators aggregation simple additive weighting (SAW) method constitute a quantitative evaluation model. The above content together constitutes a new evaluation system for biological remediation on organic pollution in groundwater using slow-release agents, which was defined as AOBS evaluation system. In order to verify the rationality and scientificity of the evaluation system, a typical bioremediation slow-release agent was evaluated using the established AOBS evaluation system. The results showed that the evaluation system could reasonably and comprehensively evaluate bioremediation through slow-release agents and provide suggestions for agent improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Du
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China.
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102442, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Liyuan Wu
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Xiaojuan Bai
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Chaohong Tan
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Yongwei Gong
- Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China
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6
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Wu R, Shen R, Liang Z, Zheng S, Yang Y, Lu Q, Adrian L, Wang S. Improve Niche Colonization and Microbial Interactions for Organohalide-Respiring-Bacteria-Mediated Remediation of Chloroethene-Contaminated Sites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17338-17352. [PMID: 37902991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB)-mediated reductive dehalogenation is promising in in situ bioremediation of chloroethene-contaminated sites. The bioremediation efficiency of this approach is largely determined by the successful colonization of fastidious OHRB, which is highly dependent on the presence of proper growth niches and microbial interactions. In this study, based on two ecological principles (i.e., Priority Effects and Coexistence Theory), three strategies were developed to enhance niche colonization of OHRB, which were tested both in laboratory experiments and field applications: (i) preinoculation of a niche-preparing culture (NPC, being mainly constituted of fermenting bacteria and methanogens); (ii) staggered fermentation; and (iii) increased inoculation of CE40 (a Dehalococcoides-containing tetrachloroethene-to-ethene dechlorinating enrichment culture). Batch experimental results show significantly higher dechlorination efficiencies, as well as lower concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and methane, in experimental sets with staggered fermentation and niche-preconditioning with NPC for 4 days (CE40_NPC-4) relative to control sets. Accordingly, a comparatively higher abundance of Dehalococcoides as major OHRB, together with a lower abundance of fermenting bacteria and methanogens, was observed in CE40_NPC-4 with staggered fermentation, which indicated the balanced syntrophic and competitive interactions between OHRB and other populations for the efficient dechlorination. Further experiments with microbial source tracking analyses suggested enhanced colonization of OHRB by increasing the inoculation ratio of CE40. The optimized conditions for enhanced colonization of OHRB were successfully employed for field bioremediation of trichloroethene (TCE, 0.3-1.4 mM)- and vinyl chloride (VC, ∼0.04 mM)-contaminated sites, resulting in 96.6% TCE and 99.7% VC dechlorination to ethene within 5 and 3 months, respectively. This study provides ecological principles-guided strategies for efficient bioremediation of chloroethene-contaminated sites, which may be also employed for removal of other emerging organohalide pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifeng Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rui Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiwei Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengzhi Zheng
- China State Science Dingshi Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yong Yang
- China State Science Dingshi Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Qihong Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Chair of Geobiotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shanquan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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7
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Jeong WG, Kim JG, Baek K. Removal of 1,2-dichloroethane in groundwater using Fenton oxidation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 428:128253. [PMID: 35033913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Among the chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) is widely used for the synthesis of vinyl chloride monomers. Despite the high demand for 1,2-DCA, it poses a risk to the environment because it is persistent and carcinogenic. Therefore, in this study, several reagents (dithionite, hydrosulfide, sulfite, persulfate, sulfate radicals, and hydroxyl radicals) were evaluated for the degradation of 1,2-DCA. Among these, the hydroxyl radicals generated by the Fenton reaction were the most suitable oxidant, decomposing 92% of 1,2-DCA. Chloride, one of the final oxidized products, was observed, which supported the oxidation reaction. Moreover, with an increasing concentration of hydroxyl radicals, the degradation of 1,2-DCA increased. Furthermore, sufficient amounts of hydrogen peroxide were more important than Fe(II) in the decomposition of 1,2-DCA. The radical reaction can generate larger molecules via the degradation of 1,2-DCA, which are degraded over time. The applicability of Fenton oxidation was evaluated using real 1,2-DCA-contaminated groundwater. Although the degradation of target contaminant was lowered due to the alkaline pH and the presence of chloride and bicarbonate ions in groundwater, the Fenton reaction was still efficient to oxidize 1,2-DCA. These results indicate that Fenton oxidation is an effective technique for the treatment of 1,2-DCA in contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Gune Jeong
- Department of Environment & Energy, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Environment & Energy, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environment & Energy, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Environmental, and Resources-Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Xing Z, Su X, Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhao T. Direct aerobic oxidation (DAO) of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons: A review of key DAO bacteria, biometabolic pathways and in-situ bioremediation potential. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 162:107165. [PMID: 35278801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of aquifers and vadose zones with chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAH) is a world-wide issue. Unlike other reactions, direct aerobic oxidation (DAO) of CAHs does not require growth substrates and avoids the generation of toxic by-products. Here, we critically review the current understanding of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO and its application in bioreactors and at the field scale. According to reports on chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO bacteria, isolates mainly consisted of Methylobacterium and Proteobacterium. Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO bacteria are characterized by tolerance to a high concentration of CAHs and highly efficient removal of CAHs. Trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-DCE) is easily transformed biomass for bacteria, followed by 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), dichloromethane (DCM), vinyl chloride (VC) and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (c-DCE). Significant differences in the maximum specific growth rates were observed with different CAHs and biometabolic pathways for DCM, 1,2-DCA, VC and c-DCE degradation have been successfully parsed. Detection of the functional genes etnC and etnE is useful for the determination of active VC DAO bacteria. Additionally, DAO bacteria have been successfully applied to CAHs in new types of bioreactors with satisfactory results. To the best of the authors' knowledge, only one study on DAO-CAHs was conducted in-situ and resulted in 99% CAH removal. Lastly, we put forward future development prospect of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xia Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Tiantao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
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9
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Zhang X, Luo M, Deng S, Long T, Sun L, Yu R. Field study of microbial community structure and dechlorination activity in a multi-solvents co-contaminated site undergoing natural attenuation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127010. [PMID: 34474368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BTEX and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) are the common pollutants found at contaminated sites, and natural attenuation (NA) of CAHs was widely observed where they coexist. In this work, the groundwater in a site co-contaminated with BTEX and CAHs was monitored for 1 year. The compositions and activities of the microfloras, especially dechlorinators and their relationships with the contaminants, geochemical properties, seasons and depth were evaluated. The results are consistent with the well-known NA conceptual model where CAHs are not able to stimulate the enrichment of dechlorinators alone, but BTEX does promote dechlorination. The higher temperature, rather than ORP in the deeper groundwater of the wet season became a key factor to promote the abundance of dechlorinators, but only when BTEX was available, indicating that the substrates from the BTEX biodegradation played an important role in the dechlorinator enrichment. The elevated ORP in the shallower groundwater exceeded the optimum conditions for reductive dechlorination and no significant seasonal variation of dechlorinators was found. The co-occurrence network revealed the cooperative interactions among the functional microfloras in which dechlorinators, BTEX degraders, and fermentative bacteria jointly promoted the dechlorination. These findings provided us a further understanding of the NA processes in a commingled plume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Moye Luo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Long
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Lee TH, Cao WZ, Tsang DCW, Sheu YT, Shia KF, Kao CM. Emulsified polycolloid substrate biobarrier for benzene and petroleum-hydrocarbon plume containment and migration control - A field-scale study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:839-848. [PMID: 30818208 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this field-scale study was to assess the effectiveness of applying an emulsified polycolloid substrate (EPS; containing cane molasses, soybean oil, and surfactants) biobarrier in the control and remediation of a petroleum-hydrocarbon plume in natural waters. An abandoned petrochemical manufacturing facility site was contaminated by benzene and other petroleum products due to a leakage from a storage tank. Because benzene is a petroleum hydrocarbon with a high migration ability, it was used as the target compound in the field-scale study. Batch partition and sorption experiment results indicated that the EPS to water partition coefficient for benzene was 232 mg/mg at 25 °C. This suggests that benzene had a higher sorption affinity to EPS, which decreased the benzene concentrations in groundwater. The EPS solution was pressure-injected into three remediation wells (RWs; 150 L EPS in 800 L groundwater). Groundwater samples were collected from an upgradient background well, two downgradient monitor wells (MWs), and the three RWs for analyses. EPS injection increased total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations (up to 786 mg/L) in groundwater, which also resulted in the formation of anaerobic conditions. An abrupt drop in benzene concentration (from 6.9 to below 0.04 mg/L) was observed after EPS supplementation in the RWs due to both sorption and biodegradation mechanisms. Results show that the EPS supplement increased total viable bacteria and enhanced bioremediation efficiency, which accounted for the observed decrease in benzene concentration. The first-order decay rate in RW1 increased from 0.003 to 0.023 d-1 after EPS application. Injection of EPS resulted in significant growth of indigenous bacteria, and 23 petroleum-hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial species were detected, which enhanced the in situ benzene biodegradation efficiency. Results demonstrate that the EPS biobarrier can effectively contain a petroleum-hydrocarbon plume and prevent its migration to downgradient areas, which reduces the immediate risk presented to downgradient receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Lee
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - W Z Cao
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - D C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y T Sheu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - K F Shia
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C M Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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11
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Lee TH, Tsang DCW, Chen WH, Verpoort F, Sheu YT, Kao CM. Application of an emulsified polycolloid substrate biobarrier to remediate petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 219:444-455. [PMID: 30551111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Emulsified polycolloid substrate (EPS) was developed and applied in situ to form a biobarrier for the containment and enhanced bioremediation of a petroleum-hydrocarbon plume. EPS had a negative zeta potential (-35.7 mv), which promoted its even distribution after injection. Batch and column experiments were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of EPS on toluene containment and biodegradation. The EPS-to-water partition coefficient for toluene (target compound) was 943. Thus, toluene had a significant sorption affinity to EPS, which caused reduced toluene concentration in water phase in the EPS/water system. Groundwater containing toluene (18 mg/L) was pumped into the three-column system at a flow rate of 0.28 mL/min, while EPS was injected into the second column to form a biobarrier. A significant reduction of toluene concentration to 0.1 mg/L was observed immediately after EPS injection. This indicates that EPS could effectively contain toluene plume and prevent its further migration to farther downgradient zone. Approximately 99% of toluene was removed after 296 PVs of operation via sorption, natural attenuation, and EPS-enhanced biodegradation. Increase in total organic carbon and bacteria were also observed after EPS supplement. Supplement of EPS resulted in a growth of petroleum-hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, which enhanced the toluene biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Lee
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - D C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - W H Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - F Verpoort
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Y T Sheu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C M Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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12
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Expanded Application of the Passive Flux Meter: In-Situ Measurements of 1,4-Dioxane, Sulfate, Cr(VI) and RDX. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10101335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Passive flux meters (PFMs) have become invaluable tools for site characterization and evaluation of remediation performance at groundwater contaminated sites. To date, PFMs technology has been demonstrated in the field to measure midrange hydrophobic contaminants (e.g., chlorinated ethenes, fuel hydrocarbons, perchlorate) and inorganic ions (e.g., uranium and nitrate). However, flux measurements of low partitioning contaminants (e.g., 1,4-dioxane, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX)) and reactive ions-species (e.g., sulfate (SO42−), Chromium(VI) (Cr(VI)) are still challenging because of their low retardation during transport and quick transformation under highly reducing conditions, respectively. This study is the first application of PFMs for in-situ mass flux measurements of 1,4-dioxane, RDX, Cr(VI) and SO42− reduction rates. Laboratory experiments were performed to model kinetic uptake rates and extraction efficiency for sorbent selections. Silver impregnated granular activated carbon (GAC) was selected for the capture of 1,4-dioxane and RDX, whereas Purolite 300A (Bala Cynwyd, PA, USA) was selected for Cr(VI) and SO42−. PFM field demonstrations measured 1,4-dioxane fluxes ranging from 13.3 to 55.9 mg/m2/day, an RDX flux of 4.9 mg/m2/day, Cr(VI) fluxes ranging from 2.3 to 2.8 mg/m2/day and SO42− consumption rates ranging from 20 to 100 mg/L/day. This data suggests other low-partitioning contaminates and reactive ion-species could be monitored using the PFM.
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O'Connor D, Hou D, Ok YS, Song Y, Sarmah AK, Li X, Tack FM. Sustainable in situ remediation of recalcitrant organic pollutants in groundwater with controlled release materials: A review. J Control Release 2018; 283:200-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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