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Ma Y, Guo R, Zheng Z, Min P, Ji R, Chen J, Liu Y. Developmental toxicity in Daphnia magna induced by environmentally relevant concentrations of carbon black: From the perspective of metabolomics and symbiotic bacteria composition. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139889. [PMID: 37633611 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The level of carbon black (CB) pollution in the environment is rapidly increasing, owing to the increase in natural and industrial emissions. The water environment has become an important sink for CB. However, studies on CB mainly focused on its impact on air pollution and phytoremediation applications, and the toxicity mechanism of CB in aquatic organisms is relatively limited. Thus, Daphnia magna was used as a model organism to explore the developmental toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of CB under a full life-cycle exposure. The toxicity mechanism of CB in aquatic organisms was investigated based on metabolomic and symbiotic microbial analyses. It was found that compared with the control group, the body length of exposed D. magna decreased, while the mortality and intestinal inflammation increased with increasing concentration of CB. The normal reproductive regularity of D. magna was disturbed, and the deformity and body length of the offspring increased and decreased, respectively, after CB exposure. Metabolomic analysis showed that the urea cycle metabolic pathway of exposed D. magna was increased significantly, suggesting a perturbation of N metabolism. In addition, two eicosanoids were increased, suggesting possible inflammation in D. magna. The levels of seven phospholipid metabolites decreased that might be responsible for offspring malformations. Microbiological analysis showed that the composition of the symbiotic microbial community of D. magna was disturbed, including microorganisms involved in carbon cycling, nitrogen cycling, and biodegradation of pollutants, as well as pathogenic microorganisms. Overall, this study found that the inflammatory related metabolites and symbiotic bacterial, as well as reproductive related metabolites, were disrupted after D. magna exposed to different concentrations of CB, which revealed a possible developmental toxicity mechanism of CB in D. magna. These findings provide a scientific basis for analyzing the risks of CB in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Ma
- Pharmaceutical Environmental Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ruixin Guo
- Pharmaceutical Environmental Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- Pharmaceutical Environmental Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Min
- Pharmaceutical Environmental Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- Pharmaceutical Environmental Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Pharmaceutical Environmental Engineering Laboratory, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Sudakov NP, Chang HM, Renn TY, Klimenkov IV. Degenerative and Regenerative Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements, Cell Death, and Paradoxical Proliferation in the Gills of Pearl Gourami ( Trichogaster leerii) Exposed to Suspended Soot Microparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15146. [PMID: 37894826 PMCID: PMC10607021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect is studied of water-suspended soot microparticles on the actin cytoskeleton, apoptosis, and proliferation in the gill epithelium of pearl gourami. To this end, the fish are kept in aquariums with 0.005 g/L of soot for 5 and 14 days. Laser confocal microscopy is used to find that at the analyzed times of exposure to the pollutant zones appear in the gill epithelium, where the actin framework of adhesion belts dissociates and F-actin either forms clumps or concentrates perinuclearly. It is shown that the exposure to soot microparticles enhances apoptosis. On day 5, suppression of the proliferation of cells occurs, but the proliferation increases to the control values on day 14. Such a paradoxical increase in proliferation may be a compensatory process, maintaining the necessary level of gill function under the exposure to toxic soot. This process may occur until the gills' recovery reserve is exhausted. In general, soot microparticles cause profound changes in the actin cytoskeleton in gill cells, greatly enhance cell death, and influence cell proliferation as described. Together, these processes may cause gill dysfunction and affect the viability of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P. Sudakov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;
| | - Hung-Ming Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Ting-Yi Renn
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Igor V. Klimenkov
- Department of Cell Ultrastructure, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russia;
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3
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Wan X, Wang H, Qian Q, Yan J. MiR-133b as a crucial regulator of TCS-induced cardiotoxicity via activating β-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway in zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122199. [PMID: 37467918 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
As a commonly used antibacterial agent in daily consumer products, triclosan (TCS) has attracted significant attention due to its potential environmental risks. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of TCS exposure (1.4 μM) on heart development in zebrafish embryos. Our findings revealed that TCS exposure caused significant cardiac dysfunction, characterized by pericardial edema, malformations in the heart structure, and a slow heart rate. Additionally, TCS exposure induced oxidative damage and abnormal apoptosis in heart cells through the up-regulation of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling pathway genes (adrb1, adrb2a, arrb2b), similar to the effects induced by β-AR agonists. Notably, the adverse effects of TCS exposure were alleviated by β-AR antagonists. Using high-throughput transcriptome miRNA sequencing and targeted miRNA screening, we focused on miR-133b, which targets adrb1 and was down-regulated by TCS exposure, as a potential contributor to TCS-induced cardiotoxicity. Inhibition of miR-133b produced similar toxic effects as TCS exposure, while overexpression of miR-133b down-regulated the β-AR signaling pathway and rescued heart defects caused by TCS. In summary, our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the cardiotoxic effects of TCS. We suggest that targeting the β-AR pathway and miR-133b may be effective strategies for pharmacotherapy in cardiotoxicity induced by environmental pollutants such as TCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancheng Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Huili Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Qiuhui Qian
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Jin Yan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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4
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Liang Y, Pan Z, Zhu M, Gao R, Wang Y, Cheng Y, Zhang N. Exposure to essential and non-essential trace elements and risks of congenital heart defects: A narrative review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1121826. [PMID: 36998909 PMCID: PMC10043220 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are congenital abnormalities involving the gross structures of the heart and large blood vessels. Environmental factors, genetic factors and their interactions may contribute to the pathogenesis of CHDs. Generally, trace elements can be classified into essential trace elements and non-essential trace elements. Essential trace elements such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), and manganese (Mn) play important roles in human biological functions such as metabolic function, oxidative stress regulation, and embryonic development. Non-essential trace elements such as cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), nickle (Ni), barium (Ba), chromium (Cr) and mercury (Hg) are harmful to health even at low concentrations. Recent studies have revealed the potential involvement of these trace elements in the pathogenesis of CHDs. In this review, we summarized current studies exploring exposure to essential and non-essential trace elements and risks of CHDs, in order to provide further insights for the pathogenesis and prevention of CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipu Liang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zijian Pan
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzheng Zhu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruonan Gao
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijue Wang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijuan Cheng
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Nannan Zhang,
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Liu X, Zhang D, Wu X, Tu J, Gong C, Li Y, Cui W, Chen J, Lu S. Urinary metals as influencing factors of coronary heart disease among a population in Guangzhou, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113746. [PMID: 35689886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The cardiovascular system is highly sensitive to toxic metal exposure and trace element dysregulation. However, previous findings relating to metal exposure and coronary heart disease (CHD) have partially been conflicting and difficult to exhibit the combined effect of metal mixtures. This case-control study investigated urinary concentrations of ten metal/metalloids among clinically-diagnosed CHD patients and healthy adults during May to December 2021 in Guangzhou, China. We found that cadmium (Cd) status in urine from CHD patients was remarkably higher than its reference, while chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) concentrations were lower (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that urinary arsenic (As) and Se were highly correlated (rs=0.830, p < 0.001), indicating their similar sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited denser distribution of Cd-Sn in cases than in controls. Logistic regression analysis exhibited significant associations between urinary Cd (adjusted OR: 1.965, 95% CI: 1.222-3.162), Se (0.787, 95% CI: 0.695-0.893), Ni (0.493, 95% CI: 0.265-0.916) and CHD risk. Quantile g-computation showed negative joint effect of metal mixtures on CHD (adjusted OR: 0.383, 95% CI: 0.159-0.932) (p < 0.05), suggesting the need for supplementing essential trace elements. The negative partial effect was primarily attributed to Se and Ni, while positive partial effect was mainly due to tin (Sn) and Cd. Nevertheless, we also found a quantile increase of Cd-Sn level was negatively correlated with 8.26% (95% CI: 3.44-13.08%) decrease of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), and 71.2% of the joint effect attributed to Cd. Based on random forest, Se, Cd and Ni were found to be the dominant influencing factors of CHD. The role of Ni in CHD is yet to be uncovered, while excessive Cd exposure and low Se status among CHD patients need to be mitigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiazichao Tu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Caiping Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanmin Li
- Department of Physical Examination Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenhao Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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6
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Cunningham B, Harper B, Brander S, Harper S. Toxicity of micro and nano tire particles and leachate for model freshwater organisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128319. [PMID: 35236035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental sampling has documented a diversity of microplastics, including high levels of black rubber- generally identified as tire debris. Though organisms have been shown to ingest tire particles (TPs), past research focused on toxicity of leachate alone, overlooking potential effects of particles. To address these gaps, we assessed the toxicity of micro (1-20 µm) and nano (<1 µm) TPs for two model organisms, embryonic Zebrafish Danio rerio and the crustacean Daphnia magna. To assess effects on development, Zebrafish embryos were exposed to concentrations of TPs or leachate ranging from 0 to 3.0 × 109 particles/ml and 0-100% respectively (n = 4). Greater mortality and sublethal malformations were observed following nano TP and leachate exposures as compared to micro TPs. Unique abnormalities between the exposures indicates that there is both chemical and particle-specific toxicity. We also observed D. magna mortality following a 48 h exposure of neonate to TPs or leachate, ranging from 0 to 3.3 × 109 particles/ml and 0-100% respectively (n = 3). Though, particle-enhancement of toxicity was observed for both Zebrafish and D. magna, overall sensitivity to TPs differed. It is important to identify differential toxicities across species to achieve an understanding of the environmental impacts of TPs and the chemicals they leach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Cunningham
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Bryan Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Susanne Brander
- Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, United States
| | - Stacey Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.
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7
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Sudakov NP, Klimenkov IV, Bedoshvili YD, Arsent'ev KY, Gorshkov AG, Izosimova ON, Yakhnenko VM, Kupchinskii AB, Didorenko SI, Likhoshway YV. Early structural and functional changes in Baikal Sculpin gills exposed to suspended soot microparticles in experiment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133241. [PMID: 34896428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxic influence of soot microparticles on terrestrial organisms has been well studied, although there is scarce data on how microparticles could affect hydrobionts. We performed a first-ever study of the short-term (5 days) impact of furnace soot (0.005 g/L) on the structural and functional features of gill cells in the Baikal Sculpin species Paracottus knerii, Dybowski, 1874. The soot samples used in the experiment were composed of small (10-100 nm) particles and larger (up to 20 μm) aggregates. The dominant fractions of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of these microparticles were phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzofluoranthenes, benzopyrenes, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrenes, and benzo[ghi]perylene. Trace element analysis of the soot detected the presence of C, S, Si, Al, Ca, K, Mg, P, and Fe. The gill condition was assessed with electron scanning, transmission, and laser confocal microscopy. Soot induces degenerative changes in the macrostructure and surface of secondary lamellae and increases mucus production in fish gills. A decrease in mitochondrial activity, an increase in reactive oxygen species production, and an increase in the frequency of programmed cell death in gill epithelium were observed under the influence of soot. In chloride cells, an induction of macroautophagy was detected. In general, the changes in fish gills after the short-term influence of soot microparticles indicate the stress of respiratory and osmotic regulation systems in fish. The data obtained are important for forming a coherent picture of the impact of soot on hydrobionts and for developing bioindication methods for evaluating the risks of their influence on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P Sudakov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia.
| | - Igor V Klimenkov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Yekaterina D Bedoshvili
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Kirill Yu Arsent'ev
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Alexander G Gorshkov
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Oksana N Izosimova
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Vera M Yakhnenko
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
| | - Alexandr B Kupchinskii
- Baikal Museum, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., Listvyanka, 664520, Russia
| | - Sergei I Didorenko
- Baikal Museum, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., Listvyanka, 664520, Russia
| | - Yelena V Likhoshway
- Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
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8
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Choe H, Kim MJ, Jeon HJ, Kim K, Kim C, Park J, Shin J, Lee SR, Lee SE. Acute toxicity of the insecticide EPN upon zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and its related adverse effects: Verification of abnormal cardiac development and seizure-like events. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112544. [PMID: 34325195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological studies of O-ethyl-O-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate (EPN) to aquatic vertebrates have been reported, but no reports on toxic mechanism was reported. As zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to EPN, no changes in their survival and hatching rates were observed until 96 h post fertilization (hpf), even at the highest treated concentration of 500 μg/L. In both 250 μg/L and 500 μg/L, edemas were observed in the heart and yolk sac, and a blood pool was also found. Acridine orange staining confirmed apoptotic phynotype, which was the strongest in embryos at 48 hpf. No noticeable difference in the formation and the shape of blood vessels of Tg(fli1a:EGFP) was observed. However, the total body length and number of somite were decreased. Heart formation in Tg(cmlc2:EGFP) were not properly proceeded, and the ventricle did not beat normally at 500 μg/L level. Cardiac development-related genes, myl7 and nppa, were significantly down- and up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner. The slowed heartbeat was confirmed using Tg(gata1:EGFP), showing stagnant blood flow and seizure-like events were observed. Altogether, EPN can be the cause for the abnormal heart development accompanied by blood stagnation in embryos, interfering normal development with their inner circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeseung Choe
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Park
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Junnyeong Shin
- Zefit, Inc., 16 Techno gongwon-ro, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 43017, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ryong Lee
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Park J, Kim C, Jeon HJ, Kim K, Kim MJ, Moon JK, Lee SE. Developmental toxicity of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) and endosulfan sulfate derived from insecticidal active ingredients: Abnormal heart formation by 3-PBA in zebrafish embryos. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112689. [PMID: 34455181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroid and organochlorine insecticides are enormously used to control agricultural and indoor insect pests. The metabolites of pyrethroid and endosulfan were used to evaluate environmental toxicities using a representative animal model, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos in this study. The LC50 values in 3-phenoxy benzoic acid (3-PBA) and endosulfan sulfate (ES) were 1461 μg/L and 1459 μg/L, respectively. At the concentration of 2000 μg/L, spine curvature was observed in the ES-treated embryos. ES showed seizure-like events with an EC50 value of 354 μg/L. At the concentration of 1000 μg/L, the pericardial edema was observed in 3-PBA-treated embryos. The inhibition of heart development and the reduction of beating rates were observed in Tg(cmlc2:EGFP) embryos after the exposure to 3-PBA. Down-regulation of the vmhc gene coding ventricular myosin during heart development was significantly found in 3-PBA-treated embryos at 48 hpf, but recovered afterward. It indicates that ventricular malformation occurred at the initial stage of 3-PBA exposure. Considered together, both 3-PBA and ES need public concerns with periodic monitoring of these metabolites in households and agricultural areas to prevent humans and environmental organisms from their unexpected attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Park
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kwan Moon
- Department of Plant Life and Environmental Sciences, Hankyong National University, Ansung 17579, Republic of Korea; Hansalim Agro-Food Analysis Center, Hankyong National University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation, Suwon 16500, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Kim K, Lee SE. Combined toxicity of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and vanadium towards zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio): Unexpected synergistic effect by DMSO. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:129405. [PMID: 33412354 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is produced in nature and is known to be a source of carbon and sulfur for marine microorganisms. It is currently used in many biological experiments, pharmaceutical preparations, and energy-producing systems such as lithium batteries. Therefore, the toxicity of DMSO has been studied because of its various implications to living organisms; however, such studies are largely limited to measuring individual toxicity whereas the combined toxicity of DMSO with other compounds has rarely been investigated. In the present study, the combined acute toxicity of 0.1% and 0.5% DMSO with vanadium was investigated in zebrafish embryos; the LC50 values of these combinations were 62.0 and 6.38 ppm, respectively. In individual toxicity tests, neither DMSO nor vanadium caused such mortality levels. Therefore, both 0.1% and 0.5% DMSO had a synergistic effect with vanadium, and this result was confirmed using an independent action model. This combined toxicity delayed the development of zebrafish embryos and caused pericardial edema. The synergistic effect of DMSO and vanadium was found to be related to reduced pH and inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase activity. Given its potential synergistic toxicity to aquatic organisms, the introduction of DMSO into the environment should be investigated and routinely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongnam Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Fan E, Xu Z, Yan J, Wang F, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zheng S, Wang X, Rao Y. Acute exposure to N-Ethylpentylone induces developmental toxicity and dopaminergic receptor-regulated aberrances in zebrafish larvae. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 417:115477. [PMID: 33667508 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
N-Ethylpentylone (NEP) is one of the most recent novel stimulants, and there is limited understanding of its toxicity. Here we employed zebrafish model for analyzing the effects of NEP on early embryos and cardiovascular and nervous systems at late developmental stages. We first observed multi-malformations in early embryos and larvae after NEP administration, together with significant deregulations of brain and heart development-associated genes (neurog1, her6, elavl3, nkx2.5, nppa, nppb, tnnt2a) at transcriptional level. Low-dosed NEP treatment induced an anxiety-like phenotype in zebrafish larvae, while higher doses of NEP exerted an inhibitory effect on locomotion and heart rate. Besides, the expression of th (tyrosine hydroxylase) and th2 (tyrosine hydroxylase 2), identifying dopamine (DA) release, were significantly increased during one-hour free swimming after effective low-dosed NEP administration, along with the upregulation of gene fosab and fosb related to stress and anxiety response. D1R antagonist SCH23390 and D2R antagonist sulpiride partially alleviated the aberrances of locomotion and heart rate, indicating dopaminergic receptors were involved in the bidirectional dosage-dependent pattern of NEP-induced performance. Meanwhile, sulpiride offset the upregulated expression of th, th2 and fosab in the group of 1.5 μM NEP, which highlighted the significant role of D2R in NEP-induced locomotive effects. This study systematically described the developmental, neuronal and cardiac toxicity of NEP in zebrafish, and identified the dopaminergic receptors as one of the downstream effectors of NEP administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enshan Fan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Zhiru Xu
- State Key Lab. of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Fanglin Wang
- Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, PR China
| | - Shaoyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, PR China
| | - Shuiqing Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yulan Rao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
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12
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Qiao L, Chen X, Ren B, Poopal RK, Zhao R, Ren Z. The specification of zebrafish (Danio rerio) heart electrocardiogram index characteristic responses to different types of pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:129199. [PMID: 33316622 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water quality was highly affected by common pollutants. Metals, pesticides and small molecules are ubiquitous pollutants. Advancement in engineering technology (computer-based monitoring systems) increased the efficiency of quantifying toxicity of different chemicals in an organism. The cardiovascular system reflects internal and external stress of an organism, and electrocardiogram (ECG) data reliably measure external stress. As ECG data can accurately reflect the physiological conditions of organisms, and zebrafish (Danio rerio) are considered to be good models for cardiovascular research, it is hypothesized that ECG parameters of zebrafish could indicate the toxicity of water-borne chemicals. To achieve this, we treated zebrafish with different concentrations of target chemicals (CuSO4, C10H19O6PS2 and NH4Cl) for 48 h and ECG data were measured. P-wave, R-wave, T-wave, PR-interval, QRS-complex and QT-interval data were the focus of this study. The results of self-organizing maps and Pearson correlation analysis indicate that the QRS-complex can be used as an indicator for CuSO4 stress. The QT-interval could be used to assess the C10H19O6PS2 stress. The QT-interval and P-wave can be used to evaluate the NH4Cl stress. Responses of zebrafish ECG parameters were identical with other vertebrate model, and were specific to toxicant types. It is proved that zebrafish heart ECG index could be used as a potential indicator in early detection of environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Qiao
- , Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, PR China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- , Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, PR China
| | - Baixiang Ren
- , Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, PR China
| | - Rama-Krishnan Poopal
- , Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, PR China
| | - Rusong Zhao
- , Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, PR China
| | - Zongming Ren
- , Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, PR China.
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Jeon HJ, Kim K, Kim C, Kim MJ, Kim TO, Lee SE. Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Melanogenic Gedunin Derived from Neem Tree ( Azadirachta indica) Using B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells and Early-Stage Zebrafish. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020330. [PMID: 33572083 PMCID: PMC7914499 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Melanogenesis represents a series of processes that produce melanin, a protective skin pigment (against ultraviolet rays), and determines human skin color. Chemicals reducing melanin production have always been in demand in the cosmetic market because of skincare interests, such as whitening. The main mechanism for inhibiting melanin production is the inhibition of tyrosinase (TYR), a key enzyme for melanogenesis. Here, we evaluated gedunin (Ged), a representative limonoid, for its anti-melanogenesis action. Melanin production in vitro was stimulated by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. Ged reduced α-MSH-stimulated melanin production, inhibiting TYR activity and protein amount. We confirmed this result in vivo in a zebrafish model for melanogenesis. There was no sign of toxicity and malformation of zebrafish embryos during development in all treated concentrations. Ged reduced the number of produced zebrafish embryo pigment dots and melanin contents of embryos. The highly active concentration of Ged (100 µM) was much lower than the positive control, kojic acid (8 mM). Hence, Ged could be a fascinating candidate for anti-melanogenesis reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwang-Ju Jeon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (K.K.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (K.K.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (K.K.); (M.-J.K.)
| | - Tae-Oh Kim
- College of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39253, Korea;
- Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (K.K.); (M.-J.K.)
- Department of Integrative Biology Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-7768; Fax: +82-53-953-7233
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Kim C, Choe H, Park J, Kim G, Kim K, Jeon HJ, Moon JK, Kim MJ, Lee SE. Molecular mechanisms of developmental toxicities of azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin toward zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos: Visualization of abnormal development using two transgenic lines. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116087. [PMID: 33234374 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin (AZ) and pyraclostrobin (PY) are strobilurin fungicides that inhibit fungal mitochondrial respiration. In this study, a representative model, zebrafish (Danio rerio), was used as a test species for acute and developmental toxicity. Survival and malformation rates were observed only PY-treated embryos, with an LC50 value of 77.75 ppb accompanied by a dramatic decrease in hatching rate, while AZ did not show great mortality. Morphological changes were observed in PY-treated embryos with the occurrence of pericadial edema at 25 ppb. A delay in growth was observed after treatment with pyraclostrobin at 50 ppb. Use of genetically engineered Tg(cmlc:EGFP) allowed fluorescence observation during heart development. PY interfered with normal heart development via upregulation of the nppa gene responsible for the expression of natriuretic peptides. Heart function was dramatically reduced as indicated by reduced heart rates. Increased expression of the nppa gene was also seen in AZ-treated embryos. The expression level of cyp24a1 was also up-regulated, while ugt1a1 and sult1st6 were down-regulated after treatment of zebrafish embryos with AZ or PY. Overall, strobilurin fungicides might inhibit normal heart formation and function within the range of concentrations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseung Choe
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Park
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kwan Moon
- Department of Plant Life and Environmental Sciences, Hankyong National University, Ansung 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Kim YC, Lee SR, Jeon HJ, Kim K, Kim MJ, Choi SD, Lee SE. Acute toxicities of fluorene, fluorene-1-carboxylic acid, and fluorene-9-carboxylic acid on zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio): Molecular mechanisms of developmental toxicities of fluorene-1-carboxylic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127622. [PMID: 32673875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, fluorene (FL), FL-1-carboxylic acid (FC-1), and FL-9-carboxylic acid (FC-9) were investigated to understand their acute toxicity by measuring inhibitory effects on hatching rates and developmental processes of zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). For exposure concentrations up to 3000 μg/L, FC-1 alone showed acute toxicity at 1458 μg/L for LC50 value. FC-1 caused yolk sac and spinal deformities, and pericardial edema. Molecular studies were undertaken to understand FC-1 toxicity examining 61 genes after exposure to 5 μM (equivalent to LC20 value of FC-1) in embryos. In the FC-1-treated embryos, the expression of the cyp7a1 gene, involved in bile acid biosynthesis, was dramatically decreased, while the expression of the Il-1β gene involved in inflammation was remarkably increased. In addition to these findings, in FC-1-treated embryos, the expression of nppa gene related to the differentiation of the myocardium was 3-fold increased. On the other hand, cyp1a, cyp3a, ugt1a1, abcc4, mdr1, and sult1st1 responsible for detoxification of xenobiotics were upregulated in FC-9-treated embryos. Taken together, carboxylation on carbon 1 of FL increased acute toxicity in zebrafish embryos, and its toxicity might be related to morphological changes with modification of normal biological functions and lowered defense ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chan Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ryong Lee
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Deuk Choi
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Effect of Cadmium and Nickel Exposure on Early Development in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12113005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to even low concentrations of heavy metals can be toxic to aquatic organisms, especially during embryonic development. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of nickel and cadmium in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of each metal alone or in combination from 4 h through to 72 h postfertilization. Neither metal altered survival, but individual and combined exposures decreased hatching rate. Whereas cadmium did not affect total body length, trunk area, eye diameter, or eye area, nickel alone and in combination with cadmium decreased each morphological parameter. Yolk sac area, an index of metabolic rate, was not affected by nickel, but was larger in embryos exposed to high cadmium concentrations or nickel and cadmium combined at high concentrations. Nickel decreased spontaneous movement, whereas cadmium alone or nickel and cadmium combined had no effect. Neither metal altered elicited movement, but nickel and cadmium combined decreased elicited movement. Myosin protein expression in skeletal muscle was not altered by cadmium exposure. However, exposure to nickel at low concentrations and combined exposure to nickel and cadmium decreased myosin expression. Overall, nickel was more toxic than cadmium. In conclusion, we observed that combined exposures had a greater effect on movement than gross morphology, and no significant additive or synergistic interactions were present. These results imply that nickel and cadmium are toxic to developing embryos, even at very low exposure concentrations, and that these metals act via different mechanisms.
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Gu J, Wang H, Zhou L, Fan D, Shi L, Ji G, Gu A. Oxidative stress in bisphenol AF-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish and the protective role of N-acetyl N-cysteine. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:139190. [PMID: 32408210 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that there is a relationship between bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of bisphenol AF (BPAF), a main substitute for BPA, on heart development remains unclear. In this study, the cardiotoxicity of BPAF was evaluated in zebrafish in vivo and in human cardiac myocytes (HCMs) in vitro. Our results showed that BPAF at a concentration of 200 μg/L results in cardiotoxicity, including a reduced number of cardiomyocytes and endocardial cells in the heart, and reduced heart size in two transgenic zebrafish models (myl7:: dsred2-nuc and fli1a::nGFP). An increase in apoptosis was observed along with antioxidant enzyme inhibition and lipid peroxidation. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of several key genes involved in cardiac development were suppressed by BPAF treatment. In the HCM cell model, BPAF at 2 mg/L induced reactive oxygen species generation, antioxidant enzyme inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative DNA damage. These adverse outcomes can be attenuated by the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), suggesting that oxidative stress is involved in BPAF-induced cardiotoxicity. These data indicated that BPAF exposure increased oxidative stress and apoptosis and that it suppressed the expression of genes involved in cardiac development, which may play crucial roles in the mechanisms of BPAF-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Hongye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Linjun Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Deling Fan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Lili Shi
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Guixiang Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Aihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Jiménez-Vidal L, Espitia-Pérez P, Torres-Ávila J, Ricardo-Caldera D, Salcedo-Arteaga S, Galeano-Páez C, Pastor-Sierra K, Espitia-Pérez L. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 - related factor 2 and its relationship with cellular response in nickel exposure: a systems biology analysis. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 20:78. [PMID: 31852525 PMCID: PMC6921378 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-019-0360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nickel and nickel-containing compounds (NCC) are known human carcinogens. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of nickel-induced malignant transformation remain unknown. Proposed mechanisms suggest that nickel and NCC may participate in the dual activation/inactivation of enzymatic pathways involved in cell defenses against oxidative damage, where Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a central role. Methods For assessing the potential role of proteins involved in the Nrf2-mediated response to nickel and NCC exposure, we designed an interactome network using the STITCH search engine version 5.0 and the STRING software 10.0. The major NCC-protein interactome (NCPI) generated was analyzed using the MCODE plugin, version 1.5.1 for the detection of interaction modules or subnetworks. Main centralities of the NCPI were determined with the CentiScape 2.2 plugin of Cytoscape 3.4.0 and main biological processes associated with each cluster were assessed using the BiNGO plugin of Cytoscape 3.4.0. Results Water-soluble NiSO4 and insoluble Ni3S2 were the most connected to proteins involved in the NCPI network. Nfr2 was detected as one of the most relevant proteins in the network, participating in several multifunctional protein complexes in clusters 1, 2, 3 and 5. Ontological analysis of cluster 3 revealed several processes related to unfolded protein response (UPR) and response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Conclusions Cellular response to NCC exposure was very comparable, particularly concerning oxidative stress response, inflammation, cell cycle/proliferation, and apoptosis. In this cellular response, Nfr2 was highly centralized and participated in several multifunctional protein complexes, including several related to ER-stress. These results add evidence on the possible Ni2+ induced – ER stress mainly associated with insoluble NCC. In this scenario, we also show how protein degradation mediated by ubiquitination seems to play key roles in cellular responses to Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Jiménez-Vidal
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Calle 38 Cra 1W, Barrio Juan XXIII, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Pedro Espitia-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Calle 38 Cra 1W, Barrio Juan XXIII, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - José Torres-Ávila
- Unit for Development and Innovation in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Dina Ricardo-Caldera
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Resistencia Bacteriana, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Shirley Salcedo-Arteaga
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Calle 38 Cra 1W, Barrio Juan XXIII, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Claudia Galeano-Páez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Calle 38 Cra 1W, Barrio Juan XXIII, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Karina Pastor-Sierra
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Calle 38 Cra 1W, Barrio Juan XXIII, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Lyda Espitia-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Calle 38 Cra 1W, Barrio Juan XXIII, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia.
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Wang X, Zhou J, Shen M, Shen J, Zhang X, Jin Y. Chlorpyrifos exposure induces lipid metabolism disorder at the physiological and transcriptomic levels in larval zebrafish. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:890-899. [PMID: 31384916 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used insecticide in pest control, and it can affect aquatic animals by contaminating the water. In this study, larval zebrafish were exposed to CPF at concentrations of 30, 100 and 300 μg/l for 7 days. In the CPF-treated group, lipid droplet accumulation was reduced in larval zebrafish. The levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and pyruvate were also decreased after CPF exposure. Cellular apoptosis were significantly increased in the heart tissue after CPF exposure compared with the control. Transcription changes in cardiovascular genes were also observed. Through transcriptome analysis, we found that the transcription of 465 genes changed significantly, with 398 upregulated and 67 downregulated in the CPF-treated group, indicating that CPF exposure altered the transcription of genes. Among these altered genes, a number of genes were closely related to the glucose and lipid metabolism pathways. Furthermore, we also confirmed that the transcription of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, TC synthesis, and lipogenesis were significantly decreased in larval zebrafish after exposure to CPF. These results indicated that CPF exposure induced lipid metabolism disorders associated with cardiovascular toxicity in larval zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jiajie Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Manlu Shen
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jiayan Shen
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
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