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Tian F, Lu J, Qiao C, Wang C, Pang T, Guo L, Li J, Pang R, Xie H. Effects of storage and processing on the residual distribution and behavior of five preservatives and their metabolites in pomegranate. Food Chem 2024; 455:139905. [PMID: 38833870 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Pomegranate are often treated with preservatives during storage. This study investigated the effects of storage and food processing on the residual behavior of the five commonly used preservatives (prochloraz, thiophanate-methyl, pyrimethanil, imazalil, and difenoconazole) and their metabolites in pomegranate and its products. The LOQs for all target compounds were 0.001 mg kg-1. The residue levels of five preservatives in the calyx was highest, followed by the peel, stalk, septum, umbilicus, and seed. For the migration ability, the five preservatives from pomegranate peel to seed was negatively correlated with their octanol/water partition coefficients. The processing factors of each procedures of juice, wine, vinegar, and pectin processing were <1. Nevertheless, the PF values in drying peel during the overall process ranged from 1.26 to 4.09. Hence, it is worth noting that consumption of pomegranate essential oil and drying peel may pose a potential risk to the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajun Tian
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453514, China.
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Chengkui Qiao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453514, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Tao Pang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Linlin Guo
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453514, China
| | - Jun Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Rongli Pang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453514, China
| | - Hanzhong Xie
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Guan Q, Jiao W, Li J, Zhao R, Zhang X, Fan W, Wang C. Isolation, identification and transcriptome analysis of triadimefon-degrading strain Enterobacter hormaechei TY18. Biodegradation 2024; 35:551-564. [PMID: 38530488 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Triadimefon, a type of triazole systemic fungicide, has been extensively used to control various fungal diseases. However, triadimefon could lead to severe environmental pollution, and even threatens human health. To eliminate triadimefon residues, a triadimefon-degrading bacterial strain TY18 was isolated from a long-term polluted site and was identified as Enterobacter hormaechei. Strain TY18 could grow well in a carbon salt medium with triadimefon as the sole nitrogen source, and could efficiently degrade triadimefon. Under triadimefon stress, a total of 430 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 197 up-regulated and 233 down-regulated DEGs, were identified in strain TY18 using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq). Functional classification and enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly related to amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, small molecule and pyrimidine metabolism. Interestingly, the DEGs encoding monooxygenase and hydrolase activity acting on carbon-nitrogen were highly up-regulated, might be mainly responsible for the metabolism in triadimefon. Our findings in this work suggest that strain E. hormaechei TY18 could efficiently degrade triadimefon for the first time. They provide a great potential to manage triadimefon biodegradation in the environment successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Qi Guan
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenhui Jiao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
- Experiment Teaching Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Weixin Fan
- Experiment Teaching Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunwei Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
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3
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Guo X, Jiang H, Guo Y, Jia L, Jing X, Wu J. Subzero-temperature homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction for the stereoselective determination of chiral triadimefon and its metabolite in water, fruit juice, vinegar, and fermented liquor by HPLC. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5492-5499. [PMID: 37842813 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01061a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel method based on homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction with deep eutectic solvents (DES) under subzero-temperature conditions in combination with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of chiral fungicide triadimefon (TF) and its metabolite triadimenol (TN) in water, fruit juice, vinegar, and fermented liquor was developed in this study. The method involved using deep eutectic solvents (DES) under subzero-temperature conditions in combination with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This novel technique, known as subzero-temperature homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction (STHLLE), offers several advantages, including high efficiency, time-saving, low-cost, and eco-friendliness. The enantiomers of chiral TF and TN were simultaneously separated and quantified using HPLC coupled with a Daicel Chiralpak OD-RH column. Various experimental parameters such as DES composition and volume, freezing condition, salt concentration, and pH were optimized to enhance the recoveries of the target analytes. Under the optimized conditions, spiked recoveries of six enantiomers (i.e., S-TF, R-TF, SR-TN, RS-TN, SS-TN, and RR-TN) in the water, fruit juice, vinegar, and fermented liquor samples were 82.2-100.1% with relative standard deviations of 0.4-10.1%. The current method demonstrated a detection range of 0.03-0.06 mg L-1 in the target analytes. This established technique exhibits potential for efficient and precise extraction and quantification of the enantiomers of TF and TN in water phase samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingle Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Haijuan Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Liyan Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
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Song SS, Yu Q, Yuan LW, Anwar W, Li Q, Hao Q, Wu GL, Li Y, Lai YS. Absorption, translocation, and accumulation of the fungicide triadimefon in Pak choi (Brassica rapa var chinensis), pepper (Capsicum annuum), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1235. [PMID: 37731061 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11842-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Triadimefon is a typical systemic fungicide that is widely used in the management of powdery mildew, rust disease, and southern blight. In this study, we measured fungicide residue to profile its absorption, translocation, and accumulation in three representative vegetable crops (Pak choi, cucumber, and pepper) after over-application. The fungicides were applied through entire-plant spraying (EPS), root-irrigation (RI), and middle-leaf-daubing (MLD). The half-life of triadimefon depends on the application method and plant species. In EPS, the half-life was 5.42 days (Pak choi), 6.86 days (cucumber), and 6.73 days (pepper), while in RI it was 4.39 days (Pak choi), 6.30 days (cucumber), and 5.98 days (pepper). In the EPS treatment, triadimefon is translocated both upward/outside and downward/inner-side from the daubed leaves in all the three vegetable crops. The transfer amount to each organ reached a peak on the 2nd day after fungicide application. The mesophyll of Pak choi exhibited a higher fungicide deposition compared to the petiole. In cucumber and pepper, the leaves demonstrated the highest accumulation of triadimefon (approximately 0.3-0.5 mg·kg-1), followed by stems. Roots and fruits displayed the lowest levels of triadimefon accumulation. Furthermore, triadimefon was found to have an impact on chlorophyll content, root activity, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in Pak choi, indicating its potential as a plant growth regulator. These aforementioned studies provide novel insights for the safe and efficient application of triadimefon in the production of Pak choi, cucumber, and pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Song
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Qing Yu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Long-Wei Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Wajid Anwar
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Qin Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Qian Hao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Guo-Li Wu
- Jiaxing Extension Station of Agriculture and Fishery Technology, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Yun-Song Lai
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61000, China.
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Wang F, Li X, Jiang S, Han J, Wu J, Yan M, Yao Z. Enantioselective Behaviors of Chiral Pesticides and Enantiomeric Signatures in Foods and the Environment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12372-12389. [PMID: 37565661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Unreasonable application of pesticides may result in residues in the environment and foods. Chiral pesticides consist of two or more enantiomers, which may exhibit different behaviors. This Review intends to provide progress on the enantioselective residues of chiral pesticides in foods. Among the main chiral analytical methods, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most frequently utilized. Most chiral pesticides are utilized as racemates; however, due to enantioselective dissipation, bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and chiral conversion, enantiospecific residues have been found in the environment and foods. Some chiral pesticides exhibit strong enantioselectivity, highlighting the importance of evaluation on an enantiomeric level. However, the occurrence characteristics of chiral pesticides in foods and specific enzymes or transport proteins involved in enantioselectivity needs to be further investigated. This Review could help the production of some chiral pesticides to single-enantiomer formulations, thereby reducing pesticide consumption as well as increasing food production and finally reducing human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shanxue Jiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiajun Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Meilin Yan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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6
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Cui K, Guan S, Liang J, Fang L, Ding R, Wang J, Li T, Dong Z, Wu X, Zheng Y. Dissipation, Metabolism, Accumulation, Processing and Risk Assessment of Fluopyram and Trifloxystrobin in Cucumbers and Cowpeas from Cultivation to Consumption. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102082. [PMID: 37238900 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluopyram and trifloxystrobin are widely used for controlling various plant diseases in cucumbers and cowpeas. However, data on residue behaviors in plant cultivation and food processing are currently lacking. Our results showed that cowpeas had higher fluopyram and trifloxystrobin residues (16.48-247.65 μg/kg) than cucumbers (877.37-3576.15 μg/kg). Moreover, fluopyram and trifloxystrobin dissipated faster in cucumbers (half-life range, 2.60-10.66 d) than in cowpeas (10.83-22.36 d). Fluopyram and trifloxystrobin were the main compounds found in field samples, and their metabolites, fluopyram benzamide and trifloxystrobin acid, fluctuated at low residue levels (≤76.17 μg/kg). Repeated spraying resulted in the accumulation of fluopyram, trifloxystrobin, fluopyram benzamide and trifloxystrobin acid in cucumbers and cowpeas. Peeling, washing, stir-frying, boiling and pickling were able to partially or substantially remove fluopyram and trifloxystrobin residues from raw cucumbers and cowpeas (processing factor range, 0.12-0.97); on the contrary, trifloxystrobin acid residues appeared to be concentrated in pickled cucumbers and cowpeas (processing factor range, 1.35-5.41). Chronic and acute risk assessments suggest that the levels of fluopyram and trifloxystrobin in cucumbers and cowpeas were within a safe range based on the field residue data of the present study. The potential hazards of fluopyram and trifloxystrobin should be continuously assessed for their high residue concentrations and potential accumulation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cui
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shuai Guan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingyun Liang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Liping Fang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ruiyan Ding
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Teng Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhan Dong
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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7
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Zheng R, Shao S, Li X, Zhang W, Zhang S, Yu Z, Ye Q. Understanding the metabolism of the novel plant antiviral agent dufulin by different positional 14C labeling in cherry radishes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159396. [PMID: 36244481 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dufulin is a new type of plant antiviral agent. However, its metabolism in plants, which is very important for environmental risk assessment, is still unclear. In this study, we used 14C markers at different positions and high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS) to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze dufulin metabolites in cherry radish. By combining ion pairs with unique abundance ratios, we clarified the metabolite structures, inferred the metabolic pathway of dufulin, and clarified the criteria for residues. The extractable residue of dufulin from cherry radish stem and leaf tissues was above 98 % and that in the succulent root was above 87 %. In the stem and leaf tissues and succulent root, dufulin underwent both phase I and phase II metabolism, and four metabolites were produced, including a conjugate of glucose malonate and hydroxylated dufulin, which was confirmed by comparison with a standard. However, the proportions and concentrations of the four metabolites did not meet the residue criteria, so only the dufulin precursor compound was included as a residue. This study provides reliable data for evaluating the impacts of dufulin on the environment and human health and for objectively examining the safety of dufulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Zheng
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Siyao Shao
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Institute of Catalysis, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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8
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Yao J, Gao J, Wang N, Liu X, Zhou Z, Wang P. Degradation and chiral properties of metamifop during rice processing. Food Chem 2023; 420:135614. [PMID: 37084473 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Metamifop has been used to control gramineous weeds in paddy fields and may form residues in rice. In this study, the residue analysis method for metamifop and the metabolites was set up based on high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and the chiral analysis method was also developed. The enantioselective degradation and residue of metamifop in rice processing were studied, and the major metabolites were monitored. The removal rate of metamifop by washing could reach 60.03%, while the loss in rice and porridge cooking was less than 16%. No decrease was found in fermentation into fermented grains, but metamifop was degraded in the process of rice wine fermentation with half-lives of around 9.5 days. N-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-N-methylpropionamide and 6-chlorobenzo [d] oxazole-2 (3H)-one were found to be the major metabolites. This study reveals the enantioselective residue of metamifop in rice processing, which helps understand the potential risk in food consumption.
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9
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González PA, Dans EP, Tranche IDLH, Acosta-Dacal AC, Hernández ÁR, Montes AM, Peña MZ, Luzardo OP. Comparative analysis of mycotoxin, pesticide, and elemental content of Canarian craft and Spanish mainstream beers. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:389-399. [PMID: 36974105 PMCID: PMC10038769 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of craft breweries and the volume of craft beer produced globally is growing exponentially. However, little is known about their differences with mainstream beers regarding mycotoxin profile, pesticide and pollutant residues and elemental composition. Given that beer is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide, it is important to shed light on its toxicological profile. In this study, samples of 23 craft beers and 19 mainstream Spanish beers were collected to perform a comparative analysis including 8 mycotoxins, 225 pesticide residues and 50 POPs, and 50 elements. Mycotoxins were not detected in craft beers, while 100% of mainstream beers presented at least one mycotoxin. In contrast, craft beers contained higher average pesticide residues than their mainstream counterparts, although significant differences were only found in Mepiquat and Metrafenone content. No persistent organic pollutants were detected in any sample. The elemental composition presented differences between the two groups both in the concentration of elements and their hierarchy. In conclusion, the toxicological profile of all beers was safe and is unlikely to constitute a hazard to consumer health. Craft beers present significant differences from their mainstream counterparts in all the dimensions explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Alonso González
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology (IPNA-CSIC), Av. Astrofisico Francisco Sánchez, 3, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Eva Parga Dans
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology (IPNA-CSIC), Av. Astrofisico Francisco Sánchez, 3, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Andrea Carolina Acosta-Dacal
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Ángel Rodríguez Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Ana Macías Montes
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain
| | - Manuel Zumbado Peña
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain; & Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Octavio Pérez Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016, Spain; & Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Madrid 28029, Spain
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10
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Mu S, Dou L, Ye Y, Chi D, Zhang K. Effects of Household Processing on Residues of the Chiral Fungicide Mandipropamid in Four Common Vegetables. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15543. [PMID: 36497615 PMCID: PMC9735481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to detect the content of mandipropamid enantiomers in unprocessed and processed tomato, cucumber, Chinese cabbage, and cowpea samples and assess the health risks to Chinese consumers. Data showed that washing and soaking with an acidic solution reduced the mandipropamid residue from vegetable samples by 54.1-82.2%. The pickling process resulted in a 6.2-65.2% loss of mandipropamid from cucumber, Chinese cabbage, and cowpea samples. Peeling and juicing were the best removing techniques for mandipropamid residues in tomato and cucumber (removal rate (RR) value > 91%), and cooking for 5 min could effectively reduce the levels of mandipropamid in Chinese cabbage and cowpea (RR values of 81.4-99.7%). The values of processing factor for the processed vegetable samples are all less than one. No significant enantioselectivity of mandipropamid was found in the vegetables during processing. Health risk data showed that samples of four types of mandipropamid-contaminated vegetables were safe for consumption after processing.
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Tian F, Qiao C, Wang C, Pang T, Guo L, Li J, Pang R, Xie H. Dissipation behavior of prochloraz and its metabolites in grape under open-field, storage and the wine-making process. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Tian F, Qiao C, Wang C, Pang T, Guo L, Li J, Pang R, Xie H. The fate of thiamethoxam and its main metabolite clothianidin in peaches and the wine-making process. Food Chem 2022; 382:132291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Zhang J, Li M, Kong Z, Bai T, Quan R, Gao T, Duan L, Liu Y, Fan B, Wang F. Model prediction of herbicide residues in soybean oil: Relationship between physicochemical properties and processing factors. Food Chem 2022; 370:131363. [PMID: 34656023 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The distribution and processing factors (PFs) of herbicides in cold-/hot-pressed soybean samples (n = 3) were studied on the laboratory scale. The hot-pressing process was found to have a significant effect on herbicide degradation in soybean samples. Specifically, for highly water-soluble pesticides with pKow > 2 in soybean oil, the PF values were generally > 1. Nonlinear curve fitting revealed that the PFs of herbicides in soybean oil were positively correlated with their octanol-water partition coefficients, but negatively correlated with their water solubility and melting points. A principal component analysis confirmed the dominant parameters among the herbicide PFs during soybean oil production. Using the physicochemical parameters of pesticides, the developed multiple linear regression model gave a fitting accuracy of ≥0.80 for predicting the theoretical PF values of pesticides in soybean oil products (0.39 < RMSE < 0.58). Thus, this model may be applicable for safety risk assessments and establishing maximum residue limits for pesticides in processed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Minmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Tiecheng Bai
- Southern Xinjiang Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, PR China
| | - Rui Quan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Tengfei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lifang Duan
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, PR China
| | - Yongguo Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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14
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Sumei Y, Xin L, Shuhong H, Hongchao Z, Maojun J, Yongquan Z, Luqing Z, Yunlong Y. Uptake and translocation of triadimefon by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in hydroponics and soil conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127011. [PMID: 34461532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Residual pesticides in soil may be taken in by plants and thus have a risk for plant growth and food safety. In this study, uptake of triadimefon and its subsequent translocation and accumulation were investigated with wheat as model plants. The results from hydroponics indicated that triadimefon was absorbed by wheat roots mainly through apoplastic pathway and predominantly distributed into the water soluble fractions (66.7-76.0%). After being uptaken by roots, triadimefon was easily translocated upward to wheat shoots and leaves. Interestingly, triadimefon in leaves was mainly distributed in the soluble fraction by 52.5% at the beginning, and gradually transferred into the cell wall by 47.2% at equilibrium. The uptake of triadimefon from soils by wheat plants was similar to that in hydroponics. Its accumulation were mainly governed by adsorption of the fungicide onto soils, and positively correlated with its concentration in in situ pore water (CIPW). Thus, CIPW can be suitable for predicting the uptake of triadimefon by wheat from soils. Accordingly, uptake of triadimefon by wheat was predicted well by using the partition-limited model. Our study provides valuable information for guiding the practical application and safety evaluation of triadimefon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sumei
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Xin
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - He Shuhong
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhang Hongchao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jin Maojun
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zheng Yongquan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhang Luqing
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Yunlong
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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15
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Si-Hung L, Bamba T. Current state and future perspectives of supercritical fluid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Liu Z, Cheng Y, Yuan L, Ren X, Liao X, Li L, Li W, Chen Z. Enantiomeric profiling of mefentrifluconazole in watermelon across China: Enantiochemistry, environmental fate, storage stability, and comparative dietary risk assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125985. [PMID: 33984784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the enantiomeric chemistry and enantioselective fate of the novel chiral triazole fungicide mefentrifluconazole is of vital importance for agroecosystem safety and human health. The absolute configuration of mefentrifluconazole was identified firstly as S-(+)-mefentrifluconazole and R-(-)-mefentrifluconazole on a cellulose tris(3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate) chiral phase. A baseline resolution (Rs, 2.51), favorable retention (RT ≤ 2.24 min), and high sensitivity (LOQ, 0.5 μg/kg) of enantiomer pair were achieved by reversed-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry combined with a 3D response surface strategy. Nationwide field trials were undertaken to clarify the enantiomer occurrence, enantioselective dissipation, terminal concentrations, and storage stability of S-mefentrifluconazole and R-mefentrifluconazole in watermelon across China. The original deposition of the sum of enantiomer pair was estimated to be 14.4-163.7 μg/kg, and terminally decreased to < LOQ-59.3 μg/kg 10 days after foliage application. S-mefentrifluconazole preferentially degraded (T1/2, 3.3-6.0 days), resulting in the relative enrichment of R-mefentrifluconazole (T1/2, 3.9-6.6 days) in watermelon. A probabilistic model is recommended for the dietary risk assessment, although both acute (%ARfD, 0.435-22.188%) and chronic (%ADI, 1.697-9.658%) risks are acceptable for associated population. The long-term exposures should be continuously emphasized given the increasing applications and persistent fate of mefentrifluconazole, especially for urban children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300380, PR China
| | - Youpu Cheng
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300380, PR China
| | - Longfei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Xin Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Xianjun Liao
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, PR China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Zenglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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17
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Chen Z, Dong F, Ren X, Wu X, Yuan L, Li L, Li W, Zheng Y. Enantioselective fate of dinotefuran from tomato cultivation to home canning for refining dietary exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124254. [PMID: 33535352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the enantioselective fate of chiral neonicotinoid dinotefuran is of vital importance for accurate dietary exposure assessment and food safety regulation. The study investigated the enantioselectivity in respect to dissipation, metabolism, and removal, of dinotefuran from tomato cultivation to tomato paste processing. The chiral analytical method of dinotefuran, UF and DN was developed in tomato using ultrahigh performance supercritical fluid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Under greenhouse cultivation R-dinotefuran preferentially degraded (T1/2, 9.1-12.6 days), resulting in relative enrichment of S-dinotefuran (T1/2, 10.3-13.3 days) by foliage and root uptake pathways. (-)-UF generated at a faster rate and was more persistent than its antipode in tomato by foliage treatment. Furthermore, changes in the enantiomeric removal and enantioselectivity orientation of dinotefuran and metabolites were evaluated during home canning of tomato paste, including washing, peeling, homogenization, simmering, and sterilization. Peeling played the key role in reducing S-dinotefuran by 67.3% and R-dinotefuran by 69.9% with processing factor of 0.313 and 0.287, respectively. Simmering was the most effective way to remove UF enantiomers (Pf, 0.336-0.421) by elevated temperature. This study sheds light on the chiral profiles of the fate of dinotefuran from cultivation to processing, providing scientific importance to protect human health from hazardous effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
| | - Fengshou Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Xujin Wu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Longfei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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18
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Application of Chiral and Achiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in Pesticide Analysis: A Review. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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