1
|
Wang C, Jiang T, Huang J, Chen M, Hu H, Peng L, Wu L, Chaocheng Z, Zhang Q. Efficient incorporation of highly migratory thallium into struvite structure: Unraveling the stabilization mechanisms from a mineralogical perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173329. [PMID: 38772482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The remediation of high-concentration thallium (Tl+) contaminated wastewater is a critical environmental concern. Current research emphasizes the effectiveness of adsorption and oxidation methods for Tl+ treatment, yet challenges persist in enhancing their performance. This study explores the feasibility of emergency Tl+ wastewater treatment and elucidates the mechanisms of Tl+ incorporation into mineral structures, with a focus on the struvite mineral as a framework for Tl+ integration via NH4+ ion exchange. To assess the efficacy and mechanisms of Tl+ immobilization, we utilized comprehensive analytical techniques, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG), and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The findings reveal that struvite adsorbs Tl+ onto its surface, followed by an ion exchange process between monovalent cations (NH4+/K+) within the structure and Tl+. Ultimately, Tl+ is incorporated in the form of a (NH4,Tl)MgPO4 solid solution within the structure, achieving a remarkable maximum incorporation capacity of 320.56 mg/g, which significantly surpasses the capacity of typical adsorbents. The findings demonstrate significant Tl+ incorporation, validating the approach for emergency wastewater treatment and suggesting the potential of mineralogy in environmental remediation. This research contributes to advancing heavy metal wastewater treatment strategies, offering a foundation for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junwei Huang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Huimin Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Lei Peng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Wu
- The First Construction and Installation Company of China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Ltd, China
| | - Zeng Chaocheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiwu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li X, Wang Y, Wang N, Li M, Bai M, Xu J, Wang H. Effects of operating conditions on iron (hydr)oxides evolution and ciprofloxacin degradation in potassium ferrate-ozone stepwise oxidation system. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:367-378. [PMID: 37778811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a stepwise oxidation system of potassium ferrate (K2FeO4) combined with ozone (O3) was used to degrade ciprofloxacin (CIP). The effects of pH and pre-oxidation time of K2FeO4 on the evolution of K2FeO4 reduction products (iron (hydr)oxides) and CIP degradation were investigated. It was found that in addition to its own oxidation capacity, K2FeO4 can also influence the treatment effect of CIP by changing the catalyst content. The presence of iron (hydr)oxides effectively enhanced the mineralization rate of CIP by catalyzing ozonation. The pH value can influence the content and types of the components with catalytic ozonation effect in iron (hydr)oxides. The K2FeO4 pre-oxidation stage can produce more iron (hydr)oxides with catalytic components for subsequent ozonation, but the evolution of iron (hydr)oxides components was influenced by O3 treatment. It can also avoid the waste of oxidation capacity owing to the oxidation of iron (hydr)oxides by O3 and free radicals. The intermediate degradation products were identified by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Besides, the degradation pathways were proposed. Among the degradation products of CIP, the product with broken quinolone ring structure only appeared in the stepwise oxidation system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Li
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Mei Li
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Maomao Bai
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao B, Chen X, Chen H, Zhang L, Li J, Guo Y, Liu H, Zhou Z, Ke P, Sun Z. Biomineralization of uranium by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans A3-21ZLL under various hydrochemical conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116950. [PMID: 37660876 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Uranium pollution in groundwater environment has become an important issue of global concern. In this study, a strain of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans was isolated from the tailings of acid heap leaching, and was shown to be able to remove uranium from water via biosorption, bio-reduction, passive biomineralization under uranium stress, and active metabolically dependent bioaccumulation. This research explored the effects of nutrients, pH, initial uranium and sulfate concentration on the functional groups, uranium valence, and crystal size and morphology of uranium immobilization products. Results showed that tetravalent and hexavalent phosphorus-containing uranium minerals was both formed. In sulfate-containing water where Desulfovibrio desulfuricans A3-21ZLL can grow, the sequestration of uranium by bio-reduction was significantly enhanced compared to that with no sulfate loading or no growth. Ungrown Desulfovibrio desulfuricans A3-21ZLL or dead ones released inorganic phosphate group in response to the stress of uranium, which associated with soluble uranyl ion to form insoluble uranium-containing precipitates. This study revealed the influence of hydrochemical conditions on the mineralogy characteristics and spatial distribution of microbial uranium immobilization products. This study is conducive to the long-term and stable bioremediation of groundwater in decommissioned uranium mining area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhao
- China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongliang Chen
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiang Li
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yadan Guo
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhongkui Zhou
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Pingchao Ke
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhanxue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang Y, Wang D, Jiang J, Gong J, Liu Y, Li L, Kong L, Ruan Y, Lv H, Chen Y, Chen Z, Liang Q, Chen D. Release and mobility characteristics of thallium from polluted farmland in varying fertilization: Role of cation exchange. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131928. [PMID: 37379595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Batch and column leaching tests were used to study thallium's release and migration behaviour and evaluate its potential toxicity risks in soil. The results indicated that leaching concentrations of Tl using TCLP and SWLP were much higher than the threshold, indicating a high risk of thallium pollution in the soil. Furthermore, the intermittent leaching rate of Tl by Ca2+ and HCl reached its maximum value, demonstrating the easy release of Tl. After HCl leaching, the form of Tl in the soil has changed, and ammonium sulfate has increased its extractability. Additionally, the extensive application of calcium promoted the release of Tl, increasing its potential ecological risk. Spectral analysis showed that Tl was mainly present in minerals such as Kaolinite and Jarosite, and exhibited significant adsorption capacity for Tl. HCl and Ca2+ damaged the crystal structure of the soil, greatly enhancing the migration and mobility of Tl in the environment. More importantly, XPS analysis confirmed that the release of Tl (I) in the soil was the leading cause of increased mobility and bioavailability. Therefore, the results revealed the risk of Tl release in the soil, providing theoretical guidance for its pollution prevention and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Dexin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Junhong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuxian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Long Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Linjun Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yang Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hang Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zibiao Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qi Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Diyun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang P, Zhao J, Gong D, Jia X. Zwitterionic ammonium-sulfonato grafted cellulose for efficient thallium removal and adsorption mechanism study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:1059-1069. [PMID: 36460245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) has posed serious impacts on human being concerning increasingly serious pollution in aqueous environments. However, little information on removal method than conventional heavy metals have been available. In the present work, zwitterionic N-(3-sulfonato-1-propyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium grafted cellulose fibre (DMAE-PS) has been fabricated. The chemical component, thermal stability and surface properties of as-prepared materials are identified by FT-IR, elemental analysis, TGA, XRD, BET and SEM. DMAE-PS is shown to be very efficient for removing Tl(I) from water samples with a loading capacity of 274.7 mg (Tl(I))·g-1 (DMAE-PS), representing one of the best performances among bio-mass derived materials. The adsorption is consistent with the Freundlich model following a pseudo-second order (K2 = 4.36 × 10-4 g·mg-1·min-1, R2 = 0.999) and two-step intra-particle diffusion kinetics. The selectivity towards Tl(I) is also remarkably, 1-2 orders (distribution ratio KTl/M = 14.85-289.29) of magnitude larger than competing metals (Zn2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+). The SEM, XPS and UV-visible spectrum collectively reveal that -SO3--Tl(I) ionic interaction is probably the main driving force for specific adsorption, which shows a high stability against pH variation. The fabricated DMAE-PS is a sustainable bio-adsorbent with synthetic availability, high removing capacity and strong selectivity, therefore, potentially feasible in treatment of Tl(I) polluted environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Junyi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China; ZheJiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315830, PR China
| | - Dirong Gong
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China; ZheJiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315830, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han W, Huang Y, Su M, Liu H, Shen C, Zhou Y, Ou T, Chen D. Highly selective adsorption and lattice process of cesium by cubic cyanide-based functional materials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114085. [PMID: 35987376 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cesium (Cs) is a byproduct of nuclear bombs, nuclear weapons testing, and nuclear fission in nuclear reactors. Cs can enter the human body through food or air and cause lasting damage. Highly efficient and selective removal of 137Cs from low-level radioactive effluents (LLREs), which contain many radionuclides and dissolved heavy metal species, is imperative for minimizing LLRE volume, and facilitating their final disposal. Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) have received much attention as materials for the removal of radioactive Cs because of their affinity for adsorbing Cs+. In this study, an inexpensive and readily available cyanide-based functional material (PBACu) exhibiting high efficiency and excellent selectivity toward Cs capture was designed through a facile low-temperature co-precipitation process. Nano-PBACu, crystallizing in the cubic space group (Fm-3m (225)), has an average pore size of 6.53 nm; consequently, PBACu can offer abundant atomic occupation sites for capturing and incorporating Cs. Here, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model fitted well with the adsorption of Cs + on PBACu, with a maximum capture capacity of 95.75 mg/g within 5 min, confirming that PBACu could rapidly capture Cs ions. PBACu strongly and selectively interacted with Cs even in a simulant containing large Na+, NH4+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ion concentrations in an aqueous solution. The process of Cs + adsorption by cyanide-based functional crystals was confirmed to involve the entry of Cs+ into cyanide-based functional crystals to replace K+ and finally achieve the lattice incorporation of Cs. The current results broaden the lattice theory of radionuclide Cs removal and provide a promising alternative for the immobilization of Cs from radioactive wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Minhua Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Heyao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Congjie Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Tao Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Diyun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Highly efficient separation of uranium from wastewater by in situ synthesized hydroxyapatite modified coal fly ash composite aerogel. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
8
|
A MOF-based trap with strong affinity toward low-concentration heavy metal ions. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
Huan Z, Zhang J, Guo P, Lin Z, Li J, Li Z, Zhao W, Cao S, Zhu Y, Zhang T. Application of iron oxyhydroxide to stabilize As(V) and phenylarsonic acid in contaminated soil: adsorption and the relevance to bioavailability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:76144-76157. [PMID: 35666420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The leaked arsenic-containing chemical warfare agent has caused severe contamination to the surrounding soil and water. In this study, iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) with different crystalline phases was used to stabilize arsenic. The results revealed that α/β- mixed crystalline iron oxyhydroxide (MIX-FeOOH) had better adsorption performance for As(V) and phenylarsonic acid (PAA) in water, with the adsorption capacity 71.4 and 54.7 mg g-1 at 50 mg L-1 equilibrium concentration, respectively. The adsorption mechanism was proved to be inner-sphere complexation, electrostatic interaction, and hydrogen bonding. Meanwhile, the oxygen vacancies on FeOOH could increase the isoelectric point and further promote the adsorption capacity through inner-sphere complexation. In arsenic contaminated soil, when the addition amount of MIX-FeOOH was 5%, the bioavailability of arsenic in As(V) and PAA contaminated soil was significantly reduced after 28 days, and the stabilization rate reached 77.2% and 76.5%, respectively. After 7 days of remediation, 17.1% and 11.9% of the most mobile portions of As(V) and PAA could be converted into poorly mobile portions, respectively. The stabilization mechanism includes inner-sphere complexation, mineral adsorption, and coprecipitation. In summary, this study can provide technical support for the remediation practice of arsenic-containing warfare agent contaminated sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglai Huan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zuhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shengbin Cao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yongbing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Preparation of PAMAM dendrimer modified amidoxime chelating resin and its adsorption for U(VI) in aqueous. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
11
|
Li Q, Xiong T, Liao J, Zhang Y. Explorations on efficient extraction of uranium with porous coal fly ash aerogels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156365. [PMID: 35640754 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore a suitable uranium adsorbent with the advantages of low-cost, recyclability and high efficiency, porous coal fly ash aerogels with different size of coal fly ash were synthesized. Among them, PCFAA-1250 (prepared with 1250 mesh coal fly ash (CFA)) showed better adsorption performance and the maximum adsorption efficiency even approached 96.5% (C0 = 10 mg L-1, m/V = 1.0 g L-1, T = 298 K, t = 24 h and pH = 3.0), which was higher than most of previous adsorbents. Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models were more likely to be used to determine the removal behavior of uranium on PCFAA, illustrating that the adsorption reaction was uniform chemisorption. Meanwhile, the adsorption process on PCFAA was spontaneous. Notably, the desorption efficiencies of all of PCFAA were more than 80% after five cycles, which suggested that PCFAA possessed good recyclability, especially PCFAA-1250. Besides, the adsorption mechanism was further revealed via XPS and the uranium ions were immobilized on the surface of adsorbents through complexation. Based on above conclusions, it could be concluded that PCFAA-1250 had the potential to be a candidate for the extraction of uranium from wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qichen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ting Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jun Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Division of Target Science and Fabrication, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-987, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dong M, Luo Q, Li J, Wu Z, Liu Z. Lithium adsorption properties of porous LiAl-layered double hydroxides synthesized using surfactants. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
13
|
New Approach for Trace Thallium Removal in High Purity Ammonium Rhenate Solution by P204 Extraction. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9080221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is an extremely toxic rare metal to the eco-environment. Trace thallium impurity in ammonium perrhenate is harmful to the high-temperature mechanical properties of rhenium metal used for aeroengine single crystal blade. The di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) extraction to remove thallium in ammonium perrhenate solution without additive was innovatively proposed. The migration behavior of trace thallium with the concentration of P204, saponification degree and organic/aqueous phase (O/A) ratio, distribution law of thallium in the extraction system of P204, and mechanism of thallium removal were revealed. It was found Tl removal was rapidly increased to 98.5%, at conditions of P204 0.75 mol/L saponified 70% by ammonia, Tl 3.27 mg/L, O/A 1:1, T 298.15 ± 2 K, 250 rpm, and 3 min. McCabe-Thiele Tl extraction equilibrium isotherms indicates Tl concentration of raffinate less than 18.7 μg/L, a theoretical extraction of two stages and a theoretical stripping of two stages are required when both O/A work lines were at 1.0. Therefore, the method of the P204 solvent extraction system can effectively extract Tl in the forms of TlA(org), TlA3(org), TlOHA2(org), and Tl(OH)2A(org). Meanwhile, the new approach can be a promising process for ammonium rhenate refining.
Collapse
|
14
|
Xiong T, Li Q, Li K, Zhang Y, Zhu W. Construction of novel magnesium oxide aerogel for highly efficient separation of uranium(VI) from wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
|
15
|
Chen W, Huangfu X, Xiong J, Liu J, Wang H, Yao J, Liu H, He Q, Ma J, Liu C, Chen Y. Retention of thallium(I) on goethite, hematite, and manganite: Quantitative insights and mechanistic study. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118836. [PMID: 35839593 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The reversibility of monovalent thallium (Tl) absorption on widely distributed iron/manganese secondary minerals may affect environmental Tl migration and global cycling. Nevertheless, quantitative and mechanistic studies on the interfacial retention and release reactions involving Tl(I) are limited. In this study, batch and stirred-flow experiments, unified kinetics modeling, spectral detection, and theoretical calculations were used to elucidate the retention behaviors of Tl(I) on goethite, hematite, and manganite with different solution pH values and Tl loading concentrations. Sustained Tl(I) retention (kd, MeOHTl=0.005∼0.018 min-1) was induced by hydration of the surface hydroxyl groups. Rapid Tl(I) retention (kd,MeOTlOH=1.232∼2.917 min-1) was enhanced by the abundant hydroxide ions and deprotonated hydroxyl groups, which increased the Tl(I) binding ability. Compared to the ambient Tl concentration, pH had a more substantial effect on the formation and distribution of surface Tl(I) binding species. In alkaline environments, the large adsorption energy for Tl(I) binding to surface species (Eads=-6.14 eV) induced fast Tl(I) binding response on the surfaces of iron/manganese secondary minerals. This study provides new insights into the heterogeneous surface complexation and retention behaviors of Tl(I) and contributes to an in-depth understanding of the environmental fate of Tl and the remediation of Tl contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanpeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China.
| | - Jiaming Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Juchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Hainan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Jinni Yao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P.R. China
| | - Caihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abidli A, Huang Y, Ben Rejeb Z, Zaoui A, Park CB. Sustainable and efficient technologies for removal and recovery of toxic and valuable metals from wastewater: Recent progress, challenges, and future perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133102. [PMID: 34914948 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to their numerous effects on human health and the natural environment, water contamination with heavy metals and metalloids, caused by their extensive use in various technologies and industrial applications, continues to be a huge ecological issue that needs to be urgently tackled. Additionally, within the circular economy management framework, the recovery and recycling of metals-based waste as high value-added products (VAPs) is of great interest, owing to their high cost and the continuous depletion of their reserves and natural sources. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art technologies developed for the removal and recovery of metal pollutants from wastewater by providing an in-depth understanding of their remediation mechanisms, while analyzing and critically discussing the recent key advances regarding these treatment methods, their practical implementation and integration, as well as evaluating their advantages and remaining limitations. Herein, various treatment techniques are covered, including adsorption, reduction/oxidation, ion exchange, membrane separation technologies, solvents extraction, chemical precipitation/co-precipitation, coagulation-flocculation, flotation, and bioremediation. A particular emphasis is placed on full recovery of the captured metal pollutants in various reusable forms as metal-based VAPs, mainly as solid precipitates, which is a powerful tool that offers substantial enhancement of the remediation processes' sustainability and cost-effectiveness. At the end, we have identified some prospective research directions for future work on this topic, while presenting some recommendations that can promote sustainability and economic feasibility of the existing treatment technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnasser Abidli
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute for Water Innovation (IWI), Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 55 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Yifeng Huang
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute for Water Innovation (IWI), Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 55 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zeineb Ben Rejeb
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Aniss Zaoui
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Chul B Park
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada; Institute for Water Innovation (IWI), Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 55 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lin Z, Huan Z, Zhang J, Li J, Li Z, Guo P, Zhu Y, Zhang T. CTAB-functionalized δ-FeOOH for the simultaneous removal of arsenate and phenylarsonic acid in phenylarsenic chemical warfare. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133373. [PMID: 34958793 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study prepared a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) functionalized δ-FeOOH using the coprecipitation method to remove arsenate and phenylarsonic acid in water polluted by phenylarsonic chemical warfare agents. Under neutral conditions, the adsorption capacity for arsenate and phenylarsonic acid was 45.7 and 85.3 mg g-1, respectively. The adsorption process conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isothermal adsorption model, and the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. The CTAB-functionalized δ-FeOOH could effectively resist the interference of coexisting anions except for CO32-, SiO32- and PO43-. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanism was proposed by combining the adsorption experimental results, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory analyses. The results showed that the adsorption of arsenate by the CTAB-functionalized δ-FeOOH was mainly through the formation of bidentate-dinuclear inner-sphere complexes and electrostatic interactions. While for phenylarsonic acid, the formation of monodentate-mononuclear inner-sphere complexes on (100) and (110) crystal facets, and the formation of bidentate-dinuclear inner-sphere complexes on the (002) crystal facet, as well as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and π-hydrophobic interaction between organic compounds were the primary mechanism. Moreover, the CTAB-functionalized δ-FeOOH could maintain about 60% of the adsorption capacity for the two pollutants after five cycles. Overall, CTAB-functionalized δ-FeOOH has good potential for the remediation of inorganic and organic arsenic-contaminated water bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhenglai Huan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yongbing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Liao J, Zhu W. Uranium uptake from wastewater by the novel Mn xTi 1-xO y composite materials: Performance and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117392. [PMID: 34030081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The novel MnxTi1-xOy composite materials with different mole ratios (Mn to Ti = 3:7, 5:5 and 7:3) were prepared to remove uranium species from wastewater. These composite materials were characterized by various techniques, such as thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the chitosan in MnxTi1-x-Chi were completely removed after calcination at 650 °C and MnxTi1-xOy composites possessed uniform distribution of the porous structure as well as plentiful hydroxyl-containing groups. Moreover, the as-prepared MnxTi1-xOy composite materials were applied to remove uranium from solution to evaluate the adsorption performance. It was found that the Mn0.5Ti0.5Oy possessed relatively excellent uptake performance for uranium comparing with the Mn0.3Ti0.7Oy and Mn0.7Ti0.3Oy and its maximum uptake capacity and efficiency reach 695.2 mg/g and 98.6% (pH = 4, m/V = 0.1 g/L, T = 298 K), respectively, which were much superior than most of reported materials based on titanium oxide or manganese oxide. Besides, the uranium uptake on Mn0.5Ti0.5Oy was independent on ionic strength and it had considerable reusability, which might be the necessary condition for Mn0.5Ti0.5Oy to be applied in uranium uptake from uranium-containing wastewater. As a candidate adsorbent, Mn0.5Ti0.5Oy possessed a high potentiality to remove uranium from wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Jun Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China; Division of Target Science and Fabrication, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-987, Mianyang, 621900, PR China
| | - Wenkun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhuang W, Song J. Thallium in aquatic environments and the factors controlling Tl behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:35472-35487. [PMID: 34021893 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although thallium (Tl) usually exists in a very low level in the natural environment, it is highly toxic. With the development of mining and metallurgical industry and the wide application of Tl in the field of high technologies, Tl poses an increasing threat to the ecological environment and human health. This paper summarizes the research results of the toxicity of Tl as well as the distribution, occurrence forms, migration, and transformation mechanism of Tl in rivers, lakes, mining areas, estuaries, coastal waters, and oceans. It also discusses the influence mechanisms of pH, redox potential, suspended particulate matters, photochemical reaction, natural minerals, cation/anion, organic matters, and microorganisms on the environmental behavior of Tl. This paper points out the shortcomings of Tl research methods in water environment, and looks forward to the future development directions: First, the technology for separating Tl(III) and Tl(I) is still immature, especially it is difficult to effectively separate Tl(III) and Tl(I) in seawater. Second, the development of many advanced in situ detection technologies will bring great convenience to the studies of the dynamic mechanisms of Tl migration and transformation in the environments. Third, adsorption is the most effective mechanism to remove Tl from water, in which modified metal oxides or macrocyclic organic compounds have high application potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhuang
- Institute of Eco-environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
- Ministry of Justice Hub for Research and Practice in Eco-Environmental Forensics, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinming Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|