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Xu Y, Liang L, Lisak G. Blue-Emissive Antioxidant Carbon Dots Enhance Drought Resistance of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:39090-39103. [PMID: 39031058 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged drought conditions are a critical challenge for agricultural advancement, threatening food security and environmental equilibrium. To overcome these issues, enhancing plant resilience to drought is essential for plant growth and sustainable agriculture. In this study, blue-emitting antioxidant carbon dots (B-CDs), synthesized from citric acid and ascorbic acid, emerged as a promising solution to enhance the drought resistance of peas (Pisum sativum L.). B-CDs can efficiently scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful in excess to plants under stress conditions. Through detailed experimental analyses and density functional theory (DFT) studies, it is found that these B-CDs possess structures featuring eight-membered aromatic rings with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, providing active sites for reactions with ROS. The practical benefits of the B-CDs are evident in tests with pea plants exposed to drought conditions. These plants show a remarkable reduction in ROS accumulation, an increase in photosynthetic efficiency due to improved electron transfer rates, and significant growth enhancement. Compared to untreated controls under drought stress, the application of B-CDs results in an impressive increase in the fresh and dry weights of both the shoots and roots of pea seedlings by 39.5 and 43.2% for fresh weights and 121.0 and 73.7% for dry weights, respectively. This suggests that B-CDs can significantly mitigate the negative effects of drought on plants. Thus, leveraging B-CDs opens a novel avenue for enhancing plant resilience to abiotic stressors through nanotechnology, thereby offering a sustainable pathway to counter the challenges of drought in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Xu
- Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Lili Liang
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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2
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Khanzada NK, Al-Juboori RA, Khatri M, Ahmed FE, Ibrahim Y, Hilal N. Sustainability in Membrane Technology: Membrane Recycling and Fabrication Using Recycled Waste. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:52. [PMID: 38392679 PMCID: PMC10890584 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Membrane technology has shown a promising role in combating water scarcity, a globally faced challenge. However, the disposal of end-of-life membrane modules is problematic as the current practices include incineration and landfills as their final fate. In addition, the increase in population and lifestyle advancement have significantly enhanced waste generation, thus overwhelming landfills and exacerbating environmental repercussions and resource scarcity. These practices are neither economically nor environmentally sustainable. Recycling membranes and utilizing recycled material for their manufacturing is seen as a potential approach to address the aforementioned challenges. Depending on physiochemical conditions, the end-of-life membrane could be reutilized for similar, upgraded, and downgraded operations, thus extending the membrane lifespan while mitigating the environmental impact that occurred due to their disposal and new membrane preparation for similar purposes. Likewise, using recycled waste such as polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, tire rubber, keratin, and cellulose and their derivates for fabricating the membranes can significantly enhance environmental sustainability. This study advocates for and supports the integration of sustainability concepts into membrane technology by presenting the research carried out in this area and rigorously assessing the achieved progress. The membranes' recycling and their fabrication utilizing recycled waste materials are of special interest in this work. Furthermore, this study offers guidance for future research endeavors aimed at promoting environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Khalid Khanzada
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raed A Al-Juboori
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muzamil Khatri
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Ejaz Ahmed
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yazan Ibrahim
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nidal Hilal
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
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3
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Guo Z, Zheng HY, Huang ZY, Liu YZ, Liu YH, Chen Y, Gao J, Hu Y, Huang C. Solvothermal synthesis of bifunctional carbon dots for tartrazine and Fe(III) detection from chamomile residue by ternary DES pretreatment. Food Chem 2023; 426:136604. [PMID: 37348402 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
A ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) consisting of choline chloride, lactic acid, and urea in a molar ratio of 1:2:2 was used to pretreat chamomile residue, followed by carbon dots (CDs) preparation using a one-pot solvothermal method. The CDs prepared under the suitable conditions had a high quantum yield of 47.34% and could be used as a bifunctional fluorescent probe for the detection of tartrazine and Fe(III). The concentration of tartrazine or Fe(III) had a good linear relationship with the fluorescence intensity of CDs that the determination coefficient (R2) was 0.9957 and 0.9943, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 40 nM and 119 nM, respectively. After verifying the different fluorescence quenching mechanisms of CDs by these two substances, a quantitative analysis was performed on real samples with recoveries of 90.70%∼104.29%. Overall, this study provided a promising technology for chemical conversion from low-cost chamomile residue to attractive bifunctional fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Guo
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Yi Zheng
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Ying Huang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Zhen Liu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Hua Liu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan 528437, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan 528437, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Hu
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan 528437, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Huang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, People's Republic of China; GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan 528437, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Arpita, Kumar P, Kataria N, Narwal N, Kumar S, Kumar R, Khoo KS, Show PL. Plastic Waste-Derived Carbon Dots: Insights of Recycling Valuable Materials Towards Environmental Sustainability. CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2023; 9:1-21. [PMID: 37362608 PMCID: PMC10214366 DOI: 10.1007/s40726-023-00268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) or carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as rising stars in the carbon family due to their diverse applications in various fields. CDs are spherical particles with a well-distributed size of less than 10 nm. Functional CDs are promising nanomaterials with low toxicity, low cost, and enormous applications in the field of bioimaging, optoelectronics, photocatalysis, and sensing. Plastic is non-biodegradable and hazardous to the environment, however extremely durable and used in abundance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of plastic waste, particularly masks, goggles, face shields, and shoe cover, has increased tremendously. It needs to be recycled in a productive way as plastic wastes take hundreds or thousands of years to degrade naturally. The conversion of plastic waste into magnificent CDs has been reported as one of the key alternatives for environmental sustainability and socio-economic benefits. In this review, synthetic routes for the conversion of plastic wastes into CDs utilizing hydrothermal, solvothermal, pyrolysis, flash joule heating, and characterization of these CDs using different techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscope, have been discussed. Furthermore, potential applications of these plastic-derived CDs in sensing, catalysis, agronomics, and LED lights are summarized herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita
- Faculty of Sciences, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Haryana 121006 Faridabad, India
| | - Parmod Kumar
- Faculty of Sciences, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Haryana 121006 Faridabad, India
| | - Navish Kataria
- Faculty of Sciences, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Haryana 121006 Faridabad, India
| | - Nishita Narwal
- University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, 110078 India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Faculty of Sciences, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Haryana 121006 Faridabad, India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Faculty of Sciences, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Haryana 121006 Faridabad, India
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, 602105, Chennai, India
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Sun P, Song W, Zou Y, Tian M, Zhang F, Chai F. The fabrication of N-doped carbon dots by methionine and their utility in sensing Cu 2+ in real water. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:1631-1638. [PMID: 36946000 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00056g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Copper ions (Cu2+) are ubiquitous in the ecosystem and cause serious environmental pollution, posing a threat to human health. Therefore, sensitive detection of Cu2+ is urgently needed. Herein, we employed a solvothermal method to prepare blue-emitting carbon dots (Met-CDs) using formamide (FA) and methionine (Met) as precursors, with a high quantum yield (QY) of 38%. Based on the good optical stability of Met-CDs and selective quenching by Cu2+, a sensitive probe using Met-CDs for the detection of Cu2+ in water was successfully designed. Within the linear range of 0.15-2 μM, the limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be as low as 47.7 nM, enabling the quantitative detection of Cu2+. Moreover, the recovery data of the spiked analysis of lake/river water samples were also satisfactory and verified the feasibility of the probe by the analysis of Cu2+ in natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Wanyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Yu Zou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- Purple Mountain Laboratories, Mozhou East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211111, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Chai
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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6
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Liang L, Wong SC, Lisak G. Effects of plastic-derived carbon dots on germination and growth of pea (Pisum sativum) via seed nano-priming. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137868. [PMID: 36642132 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Seed nano-priming is a promising technology employed in the agronomic field to promote seed germination and plant growth. However, the effects of carbon dots (CDs) on plant development via seed nano-priming remain unclear. In the present study, CDs synthesized from non-biodegradable plastic wastes were adopted as a nano-priming agent for pea (Pisum sativum) seed treatment. The results demonstrated positive effects of seed priming at all CD concentrations (0.25-2 mg/mL), including accelerated seed germination rate, increased shoot and root elongation, biomass accumulation, and root moisture level compared to the control groups. Surface erosion of seed coat was observed after CD priming, which effectively promoted seed imbibition capability. CD penetration, internalization, and translocation were confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the CD-plant interaction significantly enhanced seed antioxidant enzyme activity, as well as augmented root vigor, chlorophyll content, and carbohydrate content. These findings exhibit great potential of waste-derived CDs as nano-priming agents for seed germination and seedling development in a cost-effective and sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637335, Singapore
| | - Siew Cheong Wong
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
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7
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Oliveira CPMD, Moreira VR, Lebron YAR, Vasconcelos CKBD, Koch K, Viana MM, Drewes JE, Amaral MCS. Converting recycled membranes into photocatalytic membranes using greener TiO 2-GRAPHENE oxide nanomaterials. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135591. [PMID: 35798155 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of membrane separation processes for water treatment, operation costs and fouling still restrict their application. Costs can be overcome by recycled membranes whereas fouling can be mitigated by membrane modification. In this work, the performance of recycled reverse osmosis membranes modified by greener titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene oxide (GO) in different modification routes were investigated and compared. The use of recycled membranes as a support acted more than a strategy for costs reduction, but also as an alternative for solid waste reduction. Low adhesion of nanoparticulate materials to the membrane surfaces were verified in depositions by self-assembly, whereas filtration and modification with dopamine generated membranes with well adhered and homogeneous layers. Considering the stability, permeability, and rejection efficiency of dyes as model substrates, the membranes modified with the aid of dopamine-TiO2-GO were the most promising. The nanomaterials increased the membrane hydrophilicity and formed a hydrated layer that repels the organic contaminants and reduces fouling. Besides membrane rejection, adsorption (contribution: ∼10%) and photocatalysis (contribution: ∼20%) were additional mechanisms for pollutants removal by the modified membranes. The photocatalytic membrane modified with dopamine-TiO2-GO was furthermore evaluated for the removal of six different pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs), noticing gains in terms of removal efficiency (up to 95.7%) and fouling mitigation for the modified membrane compared to the original membranes. The photocatalytic activity still contributed to a simultaneous degradation of PhACs avoiding the generation of a concentrated stream for further disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caique Prado Machado de Oliveira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Antônio Carlos Avenue, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor Rezende Moreira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Antônio Carlos Avenue, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Yuri Abner Rocha Lebron
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Antônio Carlos Avenue, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Konrad Koch
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marcelo Machado Viana
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627 Antônio Carlos Avenue, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jörg E Drewes
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Míriam Cristina Santos Amaral
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Antônio Carlos Avenue, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Lejarazu-Larrañaga A, Landaburu-Aguirre J, Senán-Salinas J, Ortiz JM, Molina S. Thin Film Composite Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology towards a Circular Economy. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12090864. [PMID: 36135883 PMCID: PMC9502371 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination will produce, by 2025, more than 2,000,000 end-of-life membranes annually worldwide. This review examines the implementation of circular economy principles in RO technology through a comprehensive analysis of the RO membrane life cycle (manufacturing, usage, and end-of-life management). Future RO design should incorporate a biobased composition (biopolymers, recycled materials, and green solvents), improve the durability of the membranes (fouling and chlorine resistance), and facilitate the recyclability of the modules. Moreover, proper membrane maintenance at the usage phase, attained through the implementation of feed pre-treatment, early fouling detection, and membrane cleaning methods can help extend the service time of RO elements. Currently, end-of-life membranes are dumped in landfills, which is contrary to the waste hierarchy. This review analyses up to now developed alternative valorisation routes of end-of-life RO membranes, including reuse, direct and indirect recycling, and energy recovery, placing a special focus on emerging indirect recycling strategies. Lastly, Life Cycle Assessment is presented as a holistic methodology to evaluate the environmental and economic burdens of membrane recycling strategies. According to the European Commission's objectives set through the Green Deal, future perspectives indicate that end-of-life membrane valorisation strategies will keep gaining increasing interest in the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge Senán-Salinas
- BETA Tech. Center, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Ctra. de Roda, 70, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Ortiz
- IMDEA Water Institute, Avenida Punto Com, 2, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Serena Molina
- IMDEA Water Institute, Avenida Punto Com, 2, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Magagula LP, Masemola CM, Ballim MA, Tetana ZN, Moloto N, Linganiso EC. Lignocellulosic Biomass Waste-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystals and Carbon Nanomaterials: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084310. [PMID: 35457128 PMCID: PMC9025071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid population and economic growth, excessive use of fossil fuels, and climate change have contributed to a serious turn towards environmental management and sustainability. The agricultural sector is a big contributor to (lignocellulosic) waste, which accumulates in landfills and ultimately gets burned, polluting the environment. In response to the current climate-change crisis, policymakers and researchers are, respectively, encouraging and seeking ways of creating value-added products from generated waste. Recently, agricultural waste has been regularly appearing in articles communicating the production of a range of carbon and polymeric materials worldwide. The extraction of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from biomass waste partially occupies some of the waste-recycling and management space. Further, the new materials generated from this waste promise to be effective and competitive in emerging markets. This short review summarizes recent work in the area of CNCs and CQDs synthesised from biomass waste. Synthesis methods, properties, and prospective application of these materials are summarized. Current challenges and the benefits of using biomass waste are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindokuhle Precious Magagula
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa; (L.P.M.); (C.M.M.); (M.A.B.); (Z.N.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Clinton Michael Masemola
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa; (L.P.M.); (C.M.M.); (M.A.B.); (Z.N.T.); (N.M.)
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa
| | - Muhammed As’ad Ballim
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa; (L.P.M.); (C.M.M.); (M.A.B.); (Z.N.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Zikhona Nobuntu Tetana
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa; (L.P.M.); (C.M.M.); (M.A.B.); (Z.N.T.); (N.M.)
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa
| | - Nosipho Moloto
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa; (L.P.M.); (C.M.M.); (M.A.B.); (Z.N.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Ella Cebisa Linganiso
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa; (L.P.M.); (C.M.M.); (M.A.B.); (Z.N.T.); (N.M.)
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein 2050, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
- Correspondence: or
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10
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Conversion of reverse osmosis membranes into metal-free carbocatalyst for electrochemical syngas production. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Effect of Cu2+ on the optical properties of zinc hydroxy-carbonate phosphors prepared in different synthesis conditions. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Veksha A, Ahamed A, Wu XY, Liang L, Chan WP, Giannis A, Lisak G. Technical and environmental assessment of laboratory scale approach for sustainable management of marine plastic litter. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126717. [PMID: 34339992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory scale recycling of marine plastic litter consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle sorting, pyrolysis and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was conducted to identify the technical and environmental implications of the technology when dealing with real waste streams. Collected seashore and underwater plastics (SP and UP, respectively) contained large quantities of PET bottles (33.2 wt% and 61.4 wt%, respectively), suggesting PET separation was necessary prior to pyrolysis. After PET sorting, marine litter was converted into pyrolysis oil and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Water-based washing of litter prior to pyrolysis did not significantly change the composition of pyrolysis products and could be avoided, eliminating freshwater consumption. However, distinct differences in oil and MWCNT properties were ascribed to the variations in feedstock composition. Maintaining consistent product quality would be one of challenges for thermochemical treatment of marine litter. As for the environmental implications, life cycle assessment (LCA) demonstrated positive benefits, including improved climate change and fossil depletion potentials. The highest positive environmental impacts were associated with MWCNT production followed by pyrolysis oil and PET recovery. The benefits of proposed approach combining PET sorting, pyrolysis and CVD allowed to close the waste loop by converting most of the marine litter into valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Veksha
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Ashiq Ahamed
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore; Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Xin Yi Wu
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Lili Liang
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Wei Ping Chan
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Apostolos Giannis
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete (TUC), University Campus, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.
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Lisak G. Reliable environmental trace heavy metal analysis with potentiometric ion sensors - reality or a distant dream. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117882. [PMID: 34364114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over two decades have passed since polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes were found to exhibit sufficiently lower detection limits. This in turn brought a great promise to measure trace level concentrations of heavy metals using potentiometric ion sensors at environmental conditions. Despite great efforts, trace analysis of heavy metals using ion-selective electrodes at environmental conditions is still not commercially available. This work will predominantly concentrate on summarizing and evaluating prospects of using potentiometric ion sensors in view of environmental determination of heavy metals in on-site and on-line analysis modes. Challenges associated with development of reliable potentiometric sensors to be operational in environmental conditions will be discussed and reasoning behind unsuccessful efforts to develop potentiometric on-site and on-line environmental ion sensors will be explored. In short, it is now clear that solely lowering the detection limit of the ion-selective electrodes does not guarantee development of successful sensors that would meet the requirement of environmental matrices over long term usage. More pressing challenges of the properties and the performance of the potentiometric sensors must be addressed first before considering extending their sensitivity to low analyte concentrations. These are, in order of importance, selectivity of the ion-selective membrane to main ion followed by the membrane resistance to parallel processes, such as water ingress to the ISM, light sensitivity, change in temperature, presence of gasses in solution and pH and finally resistance of the ion-selective membrane to fouling. In the future, targeted on-site and on-line environmental sensors should be developed, addressing specific environmental conditions. Thus, ion-selective electrodes should be developed with the intention to be suitable to the operational environmental conditions, rather than looking at universal sensor design validated in the idealized and simple sample matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Lisak
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
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