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Pérez-Navarro Y, Salinas-Vera YM, López-Camarillo C, Figueroa-Angulo EE, Alvarez-Sánchez ME. The role of long non-coding RNA NORAD in digestive system tumors. Noncoding RNA Res 2025; 10:55-62. [PMID: 39296642 PMCID: PMC11406672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has been discovered that the expression of long non-coding RNAs is highly deregulated in several types of cancer and contributes to its progression and development. Recently, it has been described that in tumors of the digestive system, such as colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and gastric cancer, DNA damage-activated lncRNA (NORAD) was frequently up-regulated. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the functions of NORAD in tumors of the digestive system, emphasizing its involvement in important cellular processes such as invasion, metastasis, proliferation, and apoptosis. NORAD acts as a ceRNA (competitive endogenous RNA) that sponges microRNAs and regulates the expression of target genes involved in tumorigenesis. Thus, the mechanisms underlying the effects of NORAD are complex and involve multiple signaling pathways. This review consolidates current knowledge on the role of NORAD in digestive cancers and highlights the need for further research to explore its potential as a therapeutic target. Understanding the intricate functions of NORAD could elucidate the way for innovative approaches to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yussel Pérez-Navarro
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Laboratorio de Patogénesis Celular y Molecular Humana y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Yarely M Salinas-Vera
- Centro Nacional de Identificación Humana, Comisión Nacional de Búsqueda, Secretaría de Gobernación, Camino a Santa Teresa No 1679, Jardines del Pedregal, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Cesar López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Laboratorio de Oncogenómica y Proteómica del cáncer, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elisa Elvira Figueroa-Angulo
- Licenciatura en Ciencias Genómicas, Laboratorio de Patogénesis Celular y Molecular Humana y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Elizbeth Alvarez-Sánchez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Laboratorio de Patogénesis Celular y Molecular Humana y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
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2
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Gundavda KK, Patkar S, Varty GP, Shah N, Velmurugan K, Goel M. Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Recent Advances. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2025; 15:102401. [PMID: 39286759 PMCID: PMC11402310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global health burden. Surgery remains a cornerstone in the curative treatment of HCC, and recent years have witnessed notable advancements aimed at refining surgical techniques and improving patient outcomes. This review presents a detailed examination of the recent innovations in HCC surgery, highlighting key developments in both surgical approaches and adjunctive therapies. Advanced imaging technologies have revolutionized preoperative assessment, enabling precise tumour localization and delineation of vascular anatomy. The use of three-dimensional rendering has significantly augmented surgical planning, facilitating more accurate and margin-free resections. The advent of laparoscopic and robotic-assisted surgical techniques has ushered in an era of minimal access surgery, offering patients the benefits of shorter hospital stays and faster recovery times, while enabling equivalent oncological outcomes. Intraoperative innovations such as intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) and fluorescence-guided surgery have emerged as valuable adjuncts, allowing real-time assessment of tumour extent and aiding in parenchyma preservation. The integration of multimodal therapies, including neoadjuvant and adjuvant strategies, has allowed for 'bio-selection' and shown the potential to optimize patient outcomes. With the advent of augmented reality and artificial intelligence (AI), the future holds immense potential and may represent significant strides towards optimizing patient outcomes and refining the standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaival K Gundavda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shraddha Patkar
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gurudutt P Varty
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Niket Shah
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Karthik Velmurugan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahesh Goel
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Lehrich BM, Delgado ER. Lipid Nanovesicle Platforms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Precision Medicine Therapeutics: Progress and Perspectives. Organogenesis 2024; 20:2313696. [PMID: 38357804 PMCID: PMC10878025 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2024.2313696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. HCC is highly heterogenous with diverse etiologies leading to different driver mutations potentiating unique tumor immune microenvironments. Current therapeutic options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and combinations, have achieved limited objective response rates for the majority of patients. Thus, a precision medicine approach is needed to tailor specific treatment options for molecular subsets of HCC patients. Lipid nanovesicle platforms, either liposome- (synthetic) or extracellular vesicle (natural)-derived present are improved drug delivery vehicles which may be modified to contain specific cargos for targeting specific tumor sites, with a natural affinity for liver with limited toxicity. This mini-review provides updates on the applications of novel lipid nanovesicle-based therapeutics for HCC precision medicine and the challenges associated with translating this therapeutic subclass from preclinical models to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M. Lehrich
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evan R. Delgado
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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4
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Lindner C, San Martín R, Concha A, Clemo D, Valenzuela J. Imaging-based prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after microwave ablation as bridge therapy: A glimpse into the future. World J Transplant 2024; 14:98653. [DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v14.i4.98653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) remains the treatment of choice for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and offers the best long-term oncological outcomes. However, the increasing waiting list for LT has led to a significant dropout rate as patients experience tumor progression beyond the Milan criteria. Currently, locoregional therapies, such as microwave ablation (MWA), have emerged as promising bridge treatments for patients awaiting LT. These therapies have shown promising results in preventing tumor progression, thus reducing the dropout rate of LT candidates. Despite the efficacy of MWA in treating HCC, tumoral recurrence after ablation remains a major challenge and significantly impacts the prognosis of HCC patients. Therefore, accurately diagnosing tumoral recurrence post-ablation is crucial. Recent studies have developed novel imaging features based on magnetic resonance imaging of HCC, which could provide essential information for predicting early tumoral recurrence after MWA. These advancements could address this unresolved challenge, improving the clinical outcomes of patients on the LT waiting list. This article explored the current landscape of MWA as a bridge therapy for HCC within the Milan criteria, highlighting the emerging role of novel imaging-based features aimed at improving the prediction of tumor recurrence after MWA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Lindner
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Regional Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción 4030000, Biobío, Chile
| | - Rodrigo San Martín
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Regional Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción 4030000, Biobío, Chile
| | - Andrés Concha
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Regional Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción 4030000, Biobío, Chile
| | - David Clemo
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Regional Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción 4030000, Biobío, Chile
| | - Jorge Valenzuela
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Regional Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción 4030000, Biobío, Chile
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Chen F, Wei X, Chen K, Wang L, Xu M. Massive fabrication of functional hepatic cancer spheroids by micropatterned GelMA hydrogel chip for drug screening. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 244:114171. [PMID: 39191112 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Since hepatic cancer incidence and mortality continue to grow worldwide, it is necessary to develop the biomimetic tumor models for drug development and tumor therapeutics. Cellular spheroids as an excellent simple 3D model can bridge the gap between 2D cell culture and live tissue. In this study, we proposed a biological methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel-based microplatform for the massive generation of hepatocellular spheroids and downstream investigation of drug resistance. Micropatterned GelMA hydrogel microwell chip (GHM-chip) with tunable array was easily achieved in standard 24-culture well plates through the micro-molding fabrication strategy. The fabricated GHM-chip induced multicellular self-assembly behavior within the defined topography and further formed spheroidal structure. By regulating cell seeding density and designing microwell size, uniform hepatic cancer spheroids with tunable diameters were obtained in a simplicity, stability and controllable manner. In addition, the screening chemotherapy study of anti-cancer drug was completed through non-destructive recovery of spheroids from the GHM-chip. Beyond that, the recovered functional spheroids have potential application value in various biomedical fields such as tumor biology, pharmacology, and tissue microengineering. Finally, the proposed GHM-chip incorporated into standard cell culture plates with easy to manufacture and operate properties, may be an efficient culture microplatform for cancer research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wei
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Keke Chen
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mingen Xu
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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6
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Wu H, Yang X. Biofunctional photoelectrochemical/electrochemical immunosensor based on BiVO 4/BiOI-MWCNTs and Au@PdPt for alpha-fetoprotein detection. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 160:108773. [PMID: 38972159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
A biofunctional immunosensor combining photoelectrochemical (PEC) and electrochemical (EC) was proposed for the quantitative detection of the liver cancer marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in human blood. BiVO4/BiOI-MWCNTs photoactive materials were first prepared on conductive glass FTO, and the photoelectrode was functionalized by chitosan and glutaraldehyde. Then, the AFP capture antibody (Ab1) was successfully modified on the photoelectrode, and the label-free rapid detection of AFP antigen was achieved by PEC. In addition, Au@PdPt nanospheres were also used as a marker for binding to AFP detection antibody (Ab2). Due to the excellent catalytic properties of Au@PdPt in EC reaction, a signal increase in the EC response can be achieved when Ab2 binds to the AFP antigen, which ensures high sensitivity for the detection of AFP. The detection limits of PEC and EC are 0.050 pg/mL and 0.014 pg/mL, respectively. The sensor also possesses good specificity, stability and reproducibility, shows excellent performance in the detection of clinical samples and has good clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wu
- Department of Physics and Energy, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xiaozhan Yang
- Department of Physics and Energy, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Quantum Information Chips and Devices, Chongqing 400060, China.
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7
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Mallela VR, Kasi PB, Shetti D, Trailin A, Cervenkova L, Palek R, Daum O, Liska V, Hemminki K, Ambrozkiewicz F. Small nucleolar RNA expression profiles: A potential prognostic biomarker for non-viral Hepatocellular carcinoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1133-1139. [PMID: 39022679 PMCID: PMC11254499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging cancer with high mortality rates, limited predictability, and a lack of effective prognostic indicators. The relationship between small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and HCC is poorly understood. Based on the literature data, snoRNA studies were primarily focused on viral-related causes of HCC, such as Hepatitis B or C viruses (HBV or HCV). According to these studies, we selected four snoRNAs (snoRA12, snoRA47, snoRA80E, and snoRD126) for exploration in the context of non-viral-related causes, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and alcohol steatohepatitis. The primary goal of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of how snoRNA expression affects patient outcomes and whether it can serve as a prognostic tool for non-viral HCC. We conducted a study on tissue samples from 35 HCC patients who had undergone resection at Pilsen University Hospital. SnoRA12, snoRA47, snoRA80E, and snoRD126 were studied by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in tumor and non-tumor adjacent tissue (NTAT) samples. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess the association of snoRNAs expression levels with patient outcomes: time to recurrence (TTR), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). In tumor tissues, snoRA12, snoRA47 and snoRA80E were upregulated, while snoRD-126 was downregulated compared to NTAT. Low expression of snoRA47 and snoRD126 in patients was associated with longer TTR and DFS. The individual expression of snoRA12 and snoRA80E did not show associations with TTR and DFS. However, a combination of medium expression of snoRD126 and snoRA80E was associated with longer TTR and DFS, while high and low expressions of the combined snoRA126 and snoRA80E showed no significant association with TTR, DFS, and OS. Conversely, a combination of high expression of snoRA12 and snoRD126 was associated with shorter TTR. In conclusion, the results indicate that snoRA47 and snoRD126 exhibit good prognostic power specifically for non-viral related HCC. Both snoRA47 and snoRD126 showed favorable prognostication in single and combined analysis when assessing patient outcomes. Also, in combination analysis, snoRA80E and snoRA12 showed favorable prognosis, but not alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Ramana Mallela
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Phanindra Babu Kasi
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dattatrya Shetti
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Andriy Trailin
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Cervenkova
- Laboratory of Cancer Treatment and Tissue Regeneration, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Palek
- Laboratory of Cancer Treatment and Tissue Regeneration, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Daum
- Sikl's Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Ul. Dr. E. Beneše 13, 30599, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Bioptická Laboratoř S.r.o., Mikulášské Nám. 4, 32600, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Liska
- Laboratory of Cancer Treatment and Tissue Regeneration, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Filip Ambrozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Jiang Q, Sun Y, Si X, Cui H, Li J, Bao Y, Wang L, Li B. Anthocyanin-loaded milk-derived extracellular vesicles nano-delivery system: Stability, mucus layer penetration, and pro-oxidant effect on HepG2 cells. Food Chem 2024; 458:140152. [PMID: 38944922 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanin (ACN) has attracted considerable attention due to its wide range of physiological effects. However, challenges such as poor stability and limited bioavailability have hindered its utilization in functional foods. To address these issues, this research utilized milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEV) as carriers for encapsulating and binding ACN through various techniques, including ultrasonic, electroporation, saponin treatment, incubation, and freeze-thaw cycles. The objective of these approaches was to enhance the stability of ACN and improve its oral delivery. Notably, the ACN-loaded MEV (MEV-ACN) prepared through ultrasonic exhibited small particle sizes and good stability under processing, storage, and simulated digestion conditions. Cellular studies revealed that MEV-ACN exhibited pro-oxidant properties and induced oxidative stress, leading to cell apoptosis with greater efficacy compared to free ACN. These findings suggest that encapsulating ACN within MEV can significantly enhance its processing and oral stability, as well as strengthening its dietary defense capabilities in anti-tumor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jiang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Yongxin Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China..
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Huijun Cui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Yiwen Bao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
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Shen J, Wu Z, Zhou Y, Yang D, Wang X, Yu B, Zhao K, Ding Y. Knockdown of SLC16A3 decreases extracellular lactate concentration in hepatocellular carcinoma, alleviates hypoxia and induces ferroptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 733:150709. [PMID: 39303526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
SLC16A3/monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) regulates intracellular lactate transport and is highly expressed in many tumors, indicating poor prognosis. It may be related to inducing hypoxia, apoptosis and other mechanisms, but the study of MCT4 in HCC is far from complete. In this study, we first analyzed the expression of SLC16A3 in HCC tumor and non-tumor tissue samples based on TCGA data and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the effects of SLC16A3 expression on cell proliferation and invasion were analyzed using hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lines, and Western blot (WB) analysis was performed to explore the changes in pathway proteins and ferroptosis proteins. Finally, the drug sensitivity was tested by CCK8 kit. We found that SLC16A3 was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues, and was significantly correlated with TNM stage, histological grade, and macrovascular invasion. TCGA data and WB analysis showed that the high expression of SLC16A3 induced hypoxia, and knockdown could reverse hypoxia and inhibit ERK phosphorylation, thus limiting the malignant behavior of HCC cells. Moreover, knockdown of SLC16A3 significantly increased the level of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the expressions of GPX4, DHODH and SLC7A11 were inhibited. The expression of SLC16A3 affected the sensitivity of HCC cells to chemotherapy and targeted drugs, and RNA sequencing data suggested that the expression level influenced tumor microenvironment and response to immunotherapy. So, we draw a conclude that SLC16A3 is associated with poor prognosis of HCC. Inhibition of SLC16A3 expression is a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dashuai Yang
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kailiang Zhao
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Youming Ding
- Dept of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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10
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Zhang X, Wang H, Yuan Y, Zhang J, Yang J, Zhang L, He J. PPM1G and its diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential in HCC (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 65:109. [PMID: 39329206 PMCID: PMC11436262 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Global statistics indicate that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer‑related death. Protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1G (PPM1G, also termed PP2Cγ) is one of the 17 members of the PPM family. The enzymatic activity of PPM1G is highly reliant on Mg2+ or Mn2+ and serves as a dephosphorylation regulator for numerous key proteins. PPM1G, functioning as a phosphatase, is involved in a number of significant biological processes such as the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression, DNA damage response, cell cycle and apoptosis, cell migration ability, cell survival and embryonic nervous system development. Additionally, PPM1G serves a role in regulating various signaling pathways. In recent years, further research has increasingly highlighted PPM1G as an oncogene in HCC. A high expression level of PPM1G is closely associated with the occurrence, progression and poor prognosis of HCC, offering notable diagnostic and therapeutic value for this patient population. In the present review, the regulatory role of PPM1G in diverse biological processes and signaling pathway activation in eukaryotes is evaluated. Furthermore, its potential application as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of HCC is assessed, and future prospects for HCC treatment strategies centered on PPM1G are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Heyue Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Yiran Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Jieya Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Jize Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jiefeng He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, P.R. China
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11
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Maino C, Romano F, Franco PN, Ciaccio A, Garancini M, Talei Franzesi C, Scotti MA, Gandola D, Fogliati A, Bernasconi DP, Del Castello L, Corso R, Ciulli C, Ippolito D. Functional liver imaging score (FLIS) can predict adverse events in HCC patients. Eur J Radiol 2024; 180:111695. [PMID: 39197273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the performance of FLIS in predicting adverse outcomes, namely post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and death, in patients who underwent liver surgery for malignancies. METHODS All consecutive patients who underwent liver resection and 1.5 T gadoxetic acid MR were enrolled. PHLF and overall survival (OS) were collected. Two radiologists with 18 and 8 years of experience in abdominal imaging, blinded to clinical data, evaluated all images. Radiologists evaluated liver parenchymal enhancement (EnQS), biliary contrast excretion (ExQS), and signal intensity of the portal vein relative to the liver parenchyma (PVsQs). Reliability analysis was computed with Cohen's Kappa. Cox regression analysis was calculated to determine which factors are associated with PHLF and OS. Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC) was computed. RESULTS 150 patients were enrolled, 58 (38.7 %) in the HCC group and 92 (61.3 %) in the non-HCC group. The reliability analysis between the two readers was almost perfect (κ = 0.998). The multivariate Cox analysis showed that only post-surgical blood transfusions and major resection were associated with adverse events [HR=8.96 (7.98-9.88), p = 0.034, and HR=0.99 (0.781-1.121), p = 0.032, respectively] in the whole population. In the HCC group, the multivariable Cox analysis showed that blood transfusions, major resection and FLIS were associated with adverse outcomes [HR=13.133 (2.988-55.142), p = 0.009, HR=0.987 (0.244-1.987), p = 0.021, and HR=1.891 (1.772-3.471), p = 0.039]. The FLIS AUROC to predict adverse outcomes was 0.660 (95 %CIs = 0.484-0.836), with 87 % sensitivity and 33.3 % specificity (81.1-94.4 and 22.1-42.1). CONCLUSIONS FLIS can be considered a promising tool to preoperative depict patients at risk of PHLF and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Maino
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Via Cadore 33, 20090 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Paolo Niccolò Franco
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaccio
- Department of Gastroenterlogy, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Mattia Garancini
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Cammillo Talei Franzesi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Mauro Alessandro Scotti
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Davide Gandola
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fogliati
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Davide Paolo Bernasconi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, Monza, MB 20900, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Del Castello
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, Monza, MB 20900, Italy
| | - Rocco Corso
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Cristina Ciulli
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy
| | - Davide Ippolito
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Via Cadore 33, 20090 Monza, MB, Italy
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12
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Saha A, van der Pol CB. Liver Observation Segmentation on Contrast-Enhanced MRI: SAM and MedSAM Performance in Patients With Probable or Definite Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Can Assoc Radiol J 2024; 75:771-779. [PMID: 38715248 DOI: 10.1177/08465371241250215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate factors impacting the Segment Anything Model (SAM) and variant MedSAM performance for segmenting liver observations on contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in high-risk patients with probable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (LR-4) and definite HCC (LR-5). Methods: A retrospective cohort of liver observations (LR-4/LR-5) on CE-MRI from 97 patients at high-risk for HCC was derived (2013-2018). Using bounding-boxes as prompts under 5-fold cross-validation, segmentation performance was evaluated at the model and liver observation-levels for: (1) model types: SAM versus MedSAM, (2) image sizes: 256 × 256 versus 512 × 512, (3) image channel composition: CE sequences at 3 phases of enhancement independently and combined, (4) liver observation size: >10 mm versus >20 mm, (5) certainty of diagnosis: LR-4 versus LR-5, and (6) contrast-agent type: hepatobiliary versus extracellular. Segmentation performance, quantified using Dice coefficient, were compared using univariate (Wilcoxon signed-rank and t-test) and multivariable analyses (multiple correspondence analysis and subsequent linear modelling). Results: MedSAM trained on 512 × 512 combined CE sequences performed best with mean Dice coefficient 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.66, 0.69). Overall, all factors except contrast-agent type affected performance, with larger image size resulting in the highest performance improvement (512 × 512: 0.57, 256 × 256: 0.26, P < .001) at the model-level. Contrast-agents affected performance for patients with LR-4 observations using MedSAM-based models (P < .03). Larger observation size, image size, and higher certainty of diagnosis were associated with better segmentation on multivariable analysis. Conclusion: A variety of factors were found to impact SAM/MedSAM performance for segmenting liver observations in patients with probable and definite HCC on CE-MRI. Future models may be optimized by accounting for these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashirbani Saha
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Escarpment Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Christian B van der Pol
- Department of Medical Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Juravinski Hospital and Cancer Centre, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Shanbhogue K, Chandarana H. Imaging of Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Evidence. Radiol Clin North Am 2024; 62:1013-1023. [PMID: 39393847 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection of HCC is a key factor in enabling curative therapies and improving overall survival. Worldwide, several guidelines are available for surveillance of at-risk populations and diagnosis of HCC. This article provides a current comprehensive update on screening and diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Shanbhogue
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Avenue, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Hersh Chandarana
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 1st Avenue, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA
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14
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Singal AG, Ng M, Kulkarni A. Advancing Surveillance Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A New Era of Efficacy and Precision. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101448. [PMID: 38946864 PMCID: PMC11214318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the few cancers with a 5-year survival that has remained below 20%; however, prognosis differs by tumor stage at diagnosis. Curative treatment options among patients with early-stage HCC afford a median survival of 5-10 years. Accordingly, international society guidelines recommend semi-annual HCC surveillance in at-risk patients, including those with cirrhosis or high-risk chronic hepatitis B infection. Surveillance is associated with increased early-stage HCC detection and curative treatments, leading to reduced HCC-related mortality. Abdominal ultrasound has been the cornerstone for HCC surveillance for the past two decades, but recent data have highlighted its suboptimal sensitivity for early-stage HCC detection, particularly in patients with obesity and those with non-viral etiologies of liver disease. The combination of ultrasound plus alpha fetoprotein (AFP) has higher sensitivity for early-stage HCC detection than ultrasound alone, although the combination still misses over one-third of HCC at an early stage. Emerging imaging and blood-based biomarker strategies have promising data in biomarker phase 2 (case-control) and phase 3 (cohort) studies. Beyond ultrasound, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best-studied imaging strategy, with superior sensitivity and specificity compared to ultrasound in a cohort study. Abbreviated MRI protocols have been proposed to address concerns about MRI radiological capacity, costs, and patient acceptance. Of biomarker strategies, GALAD (a panel including gender, age, AFP, AFP-L3, and DCP) is the best validated, with promising sensitivity for early-stage HCC detection in a national multi-center cohort study. Liquid biopsy biomarkers, including methylated DNA markers, have also shown promising accuracy in case-control studies. Abbreviated MRI and GALAD are now entering prospective trials that examine clinical outcomes such as early-stage HCC detection and screening-related harms, which are essential data to understand for adoption in clinical practice. As additional surveillance strategies become available, it will allow an era of precision surveillance in which optimal surveillance modalities are tailored to individual patient risk and expected test performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit G. Singal
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Ng
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anand Kulkarni
- Department of Hepatology, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
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15
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Effendi K, Rahadiani N, Stephanie M, Kurebayashi Y, Tsujikawa H, Jasirwan CO, Syaiful RA, Sakamoto M. Comparative Immunohistochemical Analysis of Clinicopathological Subgroups in Hepatocellular Carcinomas from Japan and Indonesia. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101451. [PMID: 38975604 PMCID: PMC11225344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Standardized pathological evaluation based on immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis could improve hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnoses worldwide. We evaluated differences in clinicopathological subgroups in HCCs from two academic institutions in Tokyo-Japan, and Jakarta-Indonesia. Methods Clinicopathological parameters and molecular expression patterns were evaluated in 35 HCCs from Indonesia and 41 HCCs from Japan. IHC analysis of biliary/stem cell (B/S) markers (cytokeratin 19, sal-like protein 4, epithelial cell adhesion molecule) and Wnt/β-catenin (W/B) signaling-related molecules (β-catenin, glutamine synthetase) could determine the IHC-based subgroups. For immuno-subtypes categorization, CD3/CD79α double immunohistochemistry was done to evaluate the infiltration of T and B cells. CD34 staining allowed identification of vessels that encapsulated tumor clusters (VETC). Results Indonesian HCC patients were mostly <60 years old (66%) with a hepatitis B virus (HBV) background (82%), in contrast to Japanese HCC patients (8% and 19%, respectively, both P < 0.001). In comparison with Japanese, Indonesian cases more frequently had >5 cm tumor size (74% vs 23%, P = 0.001), poor differentiation (40% vs 24%), portal vein invasion (80% vs 61%), and α-fetoprotein levels >500 ng/ml (45% vs 13%, P = 0.005). No significant differences were found in the proportions of B/S, W/B, and -/- subgroups from both countries. No immune-high tumors were observed among Indonesian cases, and immune-low tumors (66%) were more common than in Japanese cases (54%). VETC-positive tumors in Indonesia were significantly more common (29%), and most were in the HBV (90%) and -/- subgroups (90%), whereas Japanese VETC cases (10%, P = 0.030) were nonviral (100%) and W/B subgroups (75%). Conclusion IHC-based analysis more precisely reflected the clinicopathological differences of HCCs in Japan and Indonesia. These findings provide new insights into standardization attempts and HCC heterogeneity among countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Effendi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nur Rahadiani
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Marini Stephanie
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yutaka Kurebayashi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hanako Tsujikawa
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chyntia O.M. Jasirwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusmo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ridho A. Syaiful
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Michiie Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
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16
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Yan Z, Chen HQ. Anti-liver cancer effects and mechanisms and its application in nano DDS of polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135181. [PMID: 39218183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death, with high incidence and poor treatment effect. In recent years, polysaccharides have attracted more and more attention in the research field of anti-liver cancer because of their high efficiency, low toxicity, good biocompatibility, wide sources and low cost. Polysaccharides have been proven to have good anti-liver cancer activity. In this paper, the pathways and molecular mechanisms of polysaccharides against liver cancer were reviewed in detail. Polysaccharides exert anti-liver cancer activity by blocking cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, regulating immunity, inhibiting cancer cell metastasis, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and so on. The primary structure and chain conformation of polysaccharides have an important influence on their anti-liver cancer activity. Structural modification enhanced the anti-liver cancer activity of polysaccharides. Polysaccharides have good attenuated and synergistic effects on chemotherapy drugs. Polysaccharides can be used as functional carriers to construct intelligent nano drug delivery systems (DDS) targeting liver cancer. This review can provide theoretical support for the further development and application of polysaccharides in the field of anti-liver cancer, and provide theoretical reference and clues for relevant researchers in food, nutrition, medicine and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Han-Qing Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 420 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
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17
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Matboli M, Diab GI, Saad M, Khaled A, Roushdy M, Ali M, ELsawi HA, Aboughaleb IH. Machine-Learning-Based Identification of Key Feature RNA-Signature Linked to Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101456. [PMID: 39055616 PMCID: PMC11268357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third prime cause of malignancy-related mortality worldwide. Early and accurate identification of HCC is crucial for good prognosis, efficacy of therapy, and survival rates of the patients. We aimed to develop a machine-learning model incorporating differentially expressed RNA signatures with laboratory parameters to construct an RNA signature-based diagnostic model for HCC. Methods We have used five classifiers (KNN, RF, SVM, LGBM, and DNNs) to predict the liver disease (HCC). The classifiers were trained on 187 samples and then tested on 80 samples. The model included 22 features (age, sex, smoking, cirrhosis, non-cirrhosis, albumin, ALT, AST bilirubin (total and direct), INR, AFP, HBV Ag, HCV Abs, RQmiR-1298, RQmiR-1262, RQmiR-106b-3p, RQmRNARAB11A, and RQSTAT1, RQmRNAATG12, RQLnc-WRAP53, RQLncRNA- RP11-513I15.6). Results LGBM achieved the highest accuracy of 98.75% in predicting HCC among all models surpassing Random Forest (96.25%), DNN (91.25%), SVC (88.75%), and KNN (87.50%). Conclusion Our machine-learning model incorporating the expression data of RAB11A/STAT1/ATG12/miR-1262/miR-1298/miR-106b-3p/lncRNA-RP11-513I15.6/lncRNA-WRAP53 signature and clinical data represents a potential novel diagnostic model for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Gouda I. Diab
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Saad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Khaled
- Bioinformatics Group, Center of Informatics Sciences (CIS), School of Information Technology and Computer Sciences, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marian Roushdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hind A. ELsawi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt
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18
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Liu BQ, Bai Y, Chen DP, Zhang YM, Wang TZ, Chen JR, Liu XY, Zheng B, Cui ZL. Intratumoural microorganism can affect the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:4232-4243. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i10.4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several recent studies have confirmed that intratumoural microorganisms can affect the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, their role in tumor progression remains unclear. Hence, there is a need for further research on the role of intratumoural microorganisms in HCC.
AIM To investigate the changes in intratumoural microorganisms in HCC and the effect of Propionibacterium on HCC progression.
METHODS HCC and normal liver tissue specimens were subjected to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). After performing 16S rRNA sequencing on HCC and peritumoral tissues to analyze the differences between the two groups. Propionibacterium was cocultured with HCC cells in vitro. Changes in cell proliferation and migration capacity were evaluated. The expression of NF-κB pathway related proteins in tumor cells was compared. The orthotopic liver implantation model and the subcutaneous xenograft model were constructed. liver tissues and subcutaneous tumors were collected 2 weeks later.
RESULTS FISH demonstrated the presence of microorganisms in HCC and normal liver tissues. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed an abundance of Lysobacter, Lachnospiraceae, Pseudomonas, and Lactobacillus in HCC tissues. The distribution and abundance of Propionibacterium showed differences between HCC and peritumoral tissues (P < 0.05). In vitro studies demonstrated that Propionibacterium and its metabolite propionic acid (PA) inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells (P < 0.05). The expression of the proteins in NF-κB signaling pathway also decreased in HCC cells (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Microorganisms in HCC and normal liver tissues displayed significant disparities. The PA-producing bacterium Propionibacterium in HCC exerts an effect on the NF-κB pathway, thereby affecting the biological behavior of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Qun Liu
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Da-Peng Chen
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ya-Min Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Tian-Ze Wang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jing-Rui Chen
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Liu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zi-Lin Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
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Wang L, Wang T, Zhang W, Zheng S. Survival and cardiovascular disease mortality among primary liver cancer patients: A population-based study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37869. [PMID: 39386844 PMCID: PMC11462467 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prognosis of primary liver cancer (PLC) was influenced by death due to non-cancer causes, particularly death related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to analyze mortality of non-cancer causes and identify the independent risk factors associated with CVD-related deaths in PLC patients. Methods In total, 112140 patients were enrolled from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2000-2019). Independent risk factors for death from CVD in patients with PLC were identified by Cox proportional hazards model. Results The median follow-up time of all PLC patients was 76 months (interquartile range (IQR): 36-129). The median overall survival (OS) was 12 months (IQR: 3-40). Patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) had shorter OS than patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (8 vs. 14 months; P < 0.001). A total of 87299 deaths were observed, among which 61477 (70.42 % of all deaths) were from PLC, and 12727 (14.58 % of all deaths) were from other cancers. Of all non-cancer deaths (9276, 10.63 %), 2860(30.86 %) were results of CVD. PLC patients had higher risks on CVD-related deaths, compared with general population (standard mortality ratio, SMR, 2.20; 95 % confidence interval, CI, 2.12-2.28). Typically, the highest SMRs appeared in the first year following cancer diagnosis. The multivariable analysis revealed the characteristics listed as followed to be independently risk factors of CVD: age, male (hazard ratio, HR: 1.248, 95%CI: 1.147-1.359), black race (HR: 1.334, 95%CI: 1.195-1.490), year 2016-2019 of diagnosis (HR 0.758, 95%CI: 0.671-0.856), ICC (HR: 1.202, 95%CI: 1.086-1.330), without surgery (HR: 2.479, 95%CI: 2.266-2.711) and without chemotherapy (HR: 2.211, 95%CI: 2.033-2.403). Conclusion It is essential to take cardiovascular health into consideration at the time of diagnosis for PLC patients as the risk of CVD mortality is significantly higher than that of general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wu Zhang
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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20
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Chen JG, Zhang YH, Lu JH, Kensler TW. Liver Cancer Etiology: Old Issues and New Perspectives. Curr Oncol Rep 2024:10.1007/s11912-024-01605-7. [PMID: 39388026 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01605-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to synthesize the old issues and current understandings of the etiology of liver cancer, focusing on the diverse causative factors influenced by geographical, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variations across different regions. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight significant geographic disparities in liver cancer risk factors. While hepatitis B and C viruses, aflatoxin exposure, and alcohol consumption remain globally established contributors; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic syndromes are increasingly prominent in the West. Chronic HBV and aflatoxin continue to dominate as risk factors in Asia and Africa. Dietary factors, metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity, genetic predispositions, environmental risk factors and lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol use play substantial roles in specific populations. Protective factors like coffee and tea consumption, along with aspirin use, vegetables and fruits have shown potential in reducing HCC risk, although findings vary by population and dietary habits. Liver cancer etiology is influenced by various factors that differ by region. Established risk factors include hepatitis B and C, aflatoxin, and alcohol. Emerging risks, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, are more prevalent in Western countries, while aflatoxin and HBV remains significant in Asia and Africa. Diet, metabolic conditions like diabetes and obesity, genetic predispositions, and lifestyle choices also play crucial roles. Coffee, tea, aspirin, vegetables, and fruits may reduce HCC risk, but effectiveness varies. Future research should integrate epidemiology, genetics, and nutrition, with global cooperation and data sharing essential for effective cancer control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Chen
- Qidong Liver Cancer Insititute, Qidong People's Hospital, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Qidong, 226200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong-Hui Zhang
- Qidong Liver Cancer Insititute, Qidong People's Hospital, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Qidong, 226200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Lu
- Qidong Liver Cancer Insititute, Qidong People's Hospital, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Qidong, 226200, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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21
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Aguirre-Maldonado I, Herrera-López EE, López-Zenteno F, Ramírez-Nava JC, López-Hernández NA, Arellanes-Robledo J, Del Pozo-Yauner L, García-Román R, Montero H, Alexander-Aguilera A, Noyola-Díaz JM, Camacho J, Pérez-Carreón JI. Intriguing hepatoprotective effects of sucrose on hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23689. [PMID: 39390131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74991-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is closely linked to dietary intake factors, such as high consumption of simple carbohydrates including sucrose. In this study, the influence of sucrose on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver malignancy, was explored. Using the hepatocarcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN) to induce HCC in the rat, we co-administered sucrose with DEN. The co-administration significantly modified body, liver and pancreas weight, as well as, serum fatty acids and triglycerides. DEN caused liver structural alteration, fibrosis, and tumor formation; surprisingly, co-administration with sucrose restored hepatic lipids, improved liver architecture, and reduced fibrosis and tumor development. Sucrose intake negatively regulated tumor markers and cell proliferation, and reduced the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism and oxidative stress response. These findings highlight a hepatoprotective effect of sucrose during DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, underlining an intriguing role of high sucrose consumption during HCC development and providing new insights as well as possible pathways of cellular protection under sucrose intake on hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Aguirre-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Hepáticas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14610, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ema Elvira Herrera-López
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Hepáticas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14610, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fernando López-Zenteno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud de la SEMAR, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Norma Arely López-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Hepáticas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14610, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Hepáticas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14610, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Dirección Adjunta de Investigación Humanística y Científica, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencias y Tecnologías, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Del Pozo-Yauner
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Alabama, USA
| | - Rebeca García-Román
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Hilda Montero
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Juana Martha Noyola-Díaz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Javier Camacho
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julio Isael Pérez-Carreón
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Hepáticas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Alcaldía Tlalpan, 14610, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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22
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He YX, Liu MN, Wu H, Lan Q, Liu H, Mazhar M, Xue JY, Zhou X, Chen H, Li Z. Puerarin: a hepatoprotective drug from bench to bedside. Chin Med 2024; 19:139. [PMID: 39380120 PMCID: PMC11460048 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-01011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pueraria is a time-honored food and medicinal plant, which is widely used in China. Puerarin, the main component extracted from pueraria, has a variety of pharmacological characteristics. In recent years, puerarin has received increasing attention for its significant hepatoprotective effects, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease, and hepatic carcinoma. This paper explores the pharmacological effects of puerarin on various liver diseases through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation factors, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy. Due to its restricted solubility, pharmacokinetic studies revealed that puerarin has a low bioavailability. However, combining puerarin with novel drug delivery systems can improve its bioavailability. Meanwhile, puerarin has very low toxicity and high safety, providing a solid foundation for its further. In addition, this paper discusses puerarin's clinical trials, highlighting its unique advantages. Given its excellent pharmacological effects, puerarin is expected to be a potential drug for the treatment of various liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang He
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng-Nan Liu
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Lan
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Maryam Mazhar
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin-Yi Xue
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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23
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Qiu ZC, Dai JL, Zhang Y, Xie F, Yu Y, Leng SS, Wen TF, Li C. Association of the Number of Concurrent Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors with Textbook Outcomes Following Liver Resection for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2024:10.1245/s10434-024-16343-0. [PMID: 39373921 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-16343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little information regarding the impact of the number of concurrent metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors on the textbook outcomes (TO) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from patients who underwent liver resection between 2015 and 2023 in a multicenter database were retrospectively reviewed (N = 3156). According to the guidelines, MetS risk factors include obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. RESULTS In this study, 2056 (65.1%) patients achieved TO. The incidence of TO was 63.1% in patients with ≥ 1 MetS risk factor, which was lower than that in patients without any MetS risk factors (67.5%, P = 0.011). As the number of MetS risk factors increased, the probability of not achieving TO gradually increased. The non-TO rates in patients with no, 1, 2, and ≥ 3 MetS risk factors were 32.5%, 35.9%, 37.6% and 40.2%, respectively (Ptrend = 0.005). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that the number of MetS risk factors (0 as a reference; 1, OR 1.220, 95% CI 1.029-1.447, P = 0.022; 2, OR 1.397, 95% CI 1.113-1.755, P = 0.004; ≥ 3, OR 1.647, 95% CI 1.197-2.264, P = 0.002) independently contributed to non-TO in patients with HCC after liver resection. Both the 5-year recurrence-free survival (TO: 50.7% versus non-TO: 43.9%, P < 0.001) and overall survival rates (TO: 71.0% versus non-TO: 58.7%, P < 0.001) of TO patients were significantly better than those of non-TO patients. CONCLUSIONS Concurrent MetS risk factors can adversely impact TO achievement in patients with HCC after liver resection. The more risk factors patients have, the less likely they are to achieve TO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Cheng Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun-Long Dai
- Medical Data Analytics Center, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of HPB Surgery, Sichuan Province People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of HPB Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of HPB Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Leng
- Department of HPB Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian-Fu Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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24
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Li M, Lou L, Ren L, Li C, Han R, Jiang J, Qi L, Jiang Y. EIF4G2 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via IRES-dependent PLEKHA1 Translation Regulation. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:4553-4566. [PMID: 39213495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal cancer, and proteomic studies have shown increased protein diversity and abundance in HCC tissues, whereas the role of protein translation has not been extensively explored in HCC. Our research focused on key molecules in the translation process to identify a potential contributor in HCC. We discovered that EIF4G2, a crucial translation initiation factor, is significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and associated with poor prognosis. This study uniquely highlights the impact of EIF4G2 deletion, which suppresses tumor growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, polysome analysis and nascent protein synthesis assays revealed EIF4G2's role in regulating protein translation, specifically identifying PLEKHA1 as a key translational product. This represents a novel mechanistic insight into HCC malignancy. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and Dual-luciferase reporter assays further revealed that EIF4G2 facilitates PLEKHA1 translation via an IRES-dependent manner. Importantly, the synergistic effects of EIF4G2 depletion and PLEKHA1 reduction in inhibiting cell migration and invasion underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting this axis. This study not only advances our understanding of translational regulation in HCC but also identifies the EIF4G2-PLEKHA1 axis as a promising therapeutic target, offering new avenues for intervention in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lijuan Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liangliang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chaoying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Rui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Junyi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lihui Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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25
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Zhang X, Rameika N, Zhong L, Rendo V, Veanes M, Kundu S, Nuciforo S, Dupuis J, Al Azhar M, Tsiara I, Seeburger P, Al Nassralla S, Ljungström V, Svensson R, Stoimenov I, Artursson P, Heim MH, Globisch D, Sjöblom T. Loss of heterozygosity of CYP2D6 enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinomas to talazoparib. EBioMedicine 2024; 109:105368. [PMID: 39368455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) diminishes genetic diversity within cancer genomes. A tumour arising in an individual heterozygous for a functional and a loss-of-function (LoF) allele of a gene occasionally retain only the LoF allele. This can result in deficiency of specific protein activities in cancer cells, creating unique differences between tumour cells and normal cells of the individual. Such differences may constitute vulnerabilities that can be exploited through allele-specific therapies. METHODS To discover frequently lost genes with prevalent LoF alleles, we mined the 1000 Genomes dataset for SNVs causing protein truncation through base substitution, indels or splice site disruptions, resulting in 60 LoF variants in 60 genes. From these, the variant rs3892097 in the liver enzyme CYP2D6 was selected because it is located within a genomic region that frequently undergoes LOH in several tumor types including hepatocellular cancers. To evaluate the relationship between CYP2D6 activity and the toxicities of anticancer agents, we screened 525 compounds currently in clinical use or undergoing clinical trials using cell model systems with or without CYP2D6 activity. FINDINGS We identified 12 compounds, AZD-3463, CYC-116, etoposide, everolimus, GDC-0349, lenvatinib, MK-8776, PHA-680632, talazoparib, tyrphostin 9, VX-702, and WZ-3146, using an engineered HEK293T cell model. Of these, talazoparib and MK-8776 demonstrated consistently heightened cytotoxic effects against cells with compromised CYP2D6 activity in engineered hepatocellular cancer cell models. Moreover, talazoparib displayed CYP2D6 genotype dependent effects on primary hepatocellular carcinoma organoids. INTERPRETATION Exploiting the loss of drug-metabolizing enzyme gene activity in tumor cells following loss of heterozygosity could present a promising therapeutic strategy for targeted cancer treatment. FUNDING This work was funded by Barncancerfonden (T.S, PR2022-0099 and PR2020-0171, X.Z, TJ2021-0111), Cancerfonden (T.S, 211719Pj and D.G, 222449Pj), Vetenskapsrådet (T.S, 2020-02371 and D.G, 2020-04707), and the Erling Persson Foundation (T.S, 2020-0037 and T.S, 2023-0113).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Natallia Rameika
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Verónica Rendo
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Margus Veanes
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Snehangshu Kundu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sandro Nuciforo
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, CH-4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jordan Dupuis
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Al Azhar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ioanna Tsiara
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pauline Seeburger
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shahed Al Nassralla
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Viktor Ljungström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Richard Svensson
- Uppsala Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Facility (UDOPP), SciLifeLab Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden (CBCS), Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivaylo Stoimenov
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Artursson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Markus H Heim
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, CH-4031, Basel, Switzerland; Clarunis University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Globisch
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tobias Sjöblom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
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26
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Huang S, Nie X, Pu K, Wan X, Luo J. A flexible deep learning framework for liver tumor diagnosis using variable multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT scans. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:443. [PMID: 39361193 PMCID: PMC11450020 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and requires tailored treatment strategies for different types. However, preoperative accurate diagnosis of the type presents a challenge. This study aims to develop an automatic diagnostic model based on multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images to distinguish between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and normal individuals. METHODS We designed a Hierarchical Long Short-Term Memory (H-LSTM) model, whose core components consist of a shared image feature extractor across phases, an internal LSTM for each phase, and an external LSTM across phases. The internal LSTM aggregates features from different layers of 2D CECT images, while the external LSTM aggregates features across different phases. H-LSTM can handle incomplete phases and varying numbers of CECT image layers, making it suitable for real-world decision support scenarios. Additionally, we applied phase augmentation techniques to process multi-phase CECT images, improving the model's robustness. RESULTS The H-LSTM model achieved an overall average AUROC of 0.93 (0.90, 1.00) on the test dataset, with AUROC for HCC classification reaching 0.97 (0.93, 1.00) and for ICC classification reaching 0.90 (0.78, 1.00). Comprehensive validation in scenarios with incomplete phases was performed, with the H-LSTM model consistently achieving AUROC values over 0.9. CONCLUSION The proposed H-LSTM model can be employed for classification tasks involving incomplete phases of CECT images in real-world scenarios, demonstrating high performance. This highlights the potential of AI-assisted systems in achieving accurate diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. H-LSTM offers an effective solution for processing multi-phase data and provides practical value for clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Huang
- Department of Scientific Research, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing city, Chongqing, 401120, China
- School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Xixi Nie
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Kexue Pu
- School of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wan
- School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China.
| | - Jiawei Luo
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, China.
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27
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Wen B, Te L, Bai C, Jiang W, Zuo D, Hao Q, Wang J, Ren L. Relative contribution of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in primary liver cancer in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect 2024:106298. [PMID: 39368639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES China, which has the largest number of patients with primary liver cancer (PLCs), lacks data on the overall prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in PLCs. We aimed to comprehensively assess the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV among PLCs in China. METHODS We included and pooled observational studies reporting seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies among PLCs in China by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and CBM. Multivariate meta-regression and subgroup analyses were used to explore sources of heterogeneity, and publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger's test. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023450382. RESULTS A total of 217 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. The estimated seroprevalence of HBV and HCV was 75.09% (95% CI 73.12-77.02) and 11.82% (95% CI 9.79-14.00), respectively. After stratifying and analysing subgroups by region and study period, we found geographic differences in HBV and HCV prevalence among PLCs, with an overall increasing trend in the proportion of HBV and a decreasing trend in the proportion of HCV as well as co-infections in the last 40 years. CONCLUSIONS HBV and HCV infections still accounts for a high proportion of PLCs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojiang Wen
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Liger Te
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Changsen Bai
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenna Jiang
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Duo Zuo
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianhui Hao
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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28
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McGlynn KA, Petrick JL, Groopman JD. Liver Cancer: Progress and Priorities. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:1261-1272. [PMID: 39354815 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-24-0686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, the sixth most frequently occurring cancer in the world and the third most common cause of cancer mortality, has wide geographical variation in both incidence and mortality rates. At the end of the 20th century, incidence rates began declining in some high-rate areas and increasing in some lower-rate areas. These trends were undoubtedly driven by the shifting contributions of both well-established and more novel risk factors. While notable strides have been made in combating some major risk factors, such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus, the emergence of metabolic conditions as important drivers of liver cancer risk indicates that much work remains to be done in prevention. As liver cancer is strongly associated with economic and social deprivation, research, early-diagnosis, and treatment among disadvantaged populations are of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - John D Groopman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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29
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Jie Z, Hongkun J, Shi Y, Fengxun Y, Xin L, Yijun M, Yu L. The Influence of ESR2 Gene Polymorphisms on Susceptibility to Hepatitis B Virus-Related Chronic Hepatitis, Liver Cirrhosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:3946-3960. [PMID: 38245888 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents an estrogen-dependent tumor. The action of estrogen is regulated via estrogen receptor (ER). Polymorphisms in ERα gene, ESR1, are known to be related to HCC susceptibility among people carrying chronic hepatitis B (CHB). But the effect of ERβ on HCC is still largely unclear, and studies about the genetic variability of ESR2 and HCC are rare. For understanding ESR2's effect on HCC, this work tested two polymorphisms in the ESR2 gene promoter as well as the associations with CHB, HCC, and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis (LC) among the Guangxi population. This work enrolled a total of 137 CHB, 136 LC, and 149 HBV-related HCC patients, together with 146 normal subjects. ESR2 polymorphisms rs3020449 and rs2978381 were examined using the SNaPshot genotyping technique. The AG genotype and dominant model of rs3020449 were related to the decreased CHB susceptibility. In both the overall and subgroup analyses, no associations were observed with the remaining models in all patient groups (those with CHB, HBV-related LC, and HCC), but associations were found between the dominant (TC+CC vs TT) and allele models (C vs T) of rs2978381 and increased HBV-related LC and HCC susceptibility, but not CHB. These findings suggest that rs3020449 polymorphism of ESR2 gene makes great contribution to the decreased CHB risk and that rs2978381 significantly contributed to higher risks of HBV-related LC and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Jie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Viral Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liu Zhou, 545006, China
| | - Jiang Hongkun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Viral Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liu Zhou, 545006, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Viral Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liu Zhou, 545006, China
| | - Yang Fengxun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Viral Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liu Zhou, 545006, China
| | - Liu Xin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Viral Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liu Zhou, 545006, China
| | - Meng Yijun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Viral Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liu Zhou, 545006, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Viral Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liu Zhou, 545006, China.
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30
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Dawson LA, Ringash J, Fairchild A, Stos P, Dennis K, Mahmud A, Stuckless TL, Vincent F, Roberge D, Follwell M, Wong RKW, Jonker DJ, Knox JJ, Zimmermann C, Wong P, Barry AS, Gaudet M, Wong RKS, Purdie TG, Tu D, O'Callaghan CJ. Palliative radiotherapy versus best supportive care in patients with painful hepatic cancer (CCTG HE1): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 2024; 25:1337-1346. [PMID: 39245060 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative treatment options for painful hepatic cancer can be restricted due to patients eventually becoming refractory to standard treatment. The aim of this study was to determine whether radiotherapy improves hepatic pain from cancer. METHODS In this open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial (CCTG HE1) done in nine cancer centres across Canada, we included patients aged 18 years or older with hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastases, who were refractory to standard treatment, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-3, with life expectancy of more than 3 months, and pain or discomfort at its worst in the past 24 hours on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) of at least 4 out of 10, which was stable for up to 7 days before randomisation. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1), via a minimisation method after stratification by centre and type of cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma vs liver metastases), to single-fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) to the liver with 8 mg ondansetron (or equivalent) orally and 4 mg dexamethasone orally given 1-2 h before radiotherapy plus best supportive care (including non-opioid or opioid analgesia, or dexamethasone, or a combination of these) or best supportive care alone. The primary endpoint was improvement in patient-reported liver cancer pain or discomfort of at least 2 points on worst pain intensity on the BPI at 1 month after randomisation. All patients with both baseline and 1-month assessments were included in the primary endpoint analysis. Safety was assessed in all patients randomly assigned to treatment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02511522, and is complete. FINDINGS Between July 25, 2015, and June 2, 2022, 66 patients were screened and randomly assigned to radiotherapy plus best supportive care (n=33) or best supportive care (n=33). Median age was 65 years (IQR 57-72), 37 (56%) of 66 patients were male, 29 (44%) were female, 43 (65%) had liver metastases, and 23 (35%) had hepatocellular carcinoma (data on race and ethnicity were not collected). As of data cutoff (Sept 8, 2022), median follow-up was 3·2 months (95% CI 3·0-3·4). 24 (73%) of 33 in the radiotherapy plus best supportive care group and 18 (55%) of 33 in the best supportive care only group completed baseline and 1-month assessments. An improvement in hepatic pain of at least 2 points in worst pain intensity on the BPI at 1 month was seen in 16 (67%) of 24 patients in the radiotherapy plus best supportive care group versus four (22%) of 18 patients in the best supportive care group (p=0·0042). The most common grade 3-4 adverse events within 1 month after randomisation were abdominal pain (three [9%] of 33 in the radiotherapy group vs one [3%] of 33 in best supportive care group) and ascites (two [6%] vs one [3%]). No serious adverse events or treatment-related deaths were observed. INTERPRETATION Single-fraction radiotherapy plus best supportive care improved pain compared with best supportive care alone in patients with liver cancer, and could be considered a standard palliative treatment. FUNDING Canadian Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Dawson
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Jolie Ringash
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Paul Stos
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kristopher Dennis
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aamer Mahmud
- Cancer Centre Southeastern Ontario, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Francois Vincent
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et Services Sociaux, Mauricie-Centre-du Québec, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - David Roberge
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Raimond K W Wong
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Derek J Jonker
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Camilla Zimmermann
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Wong
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aisling S Barry
- Cancer Research at University College Cork, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marc Gaudet
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rebecca K S Wong
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas G Purdie
- University Health Network-Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dongsheng Tu
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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31
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Li M, Bhoori S, Mehta N, Mazzaferro V. Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: The next evolution in expanding access to liver transplantation. J Hepatol 2024; 81:743-755. [PMID: 38848767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionised the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, several phase III trials of immunotherapy in combination with surgical or locoregional therapies for early-to intermediate-stage HCC have recently reported positive results, and other phase III trials in the same patient population are currently in progress. As the application of immunotherapy is shifting to include patients with earlier stages of HCC, one looming question now emerges: What is the role of immunotherapy in the pre-liver transplant population? Liver transplantation is a potentially curative therapy for HCC and confers the additional advantage of restoring a normal, healthy liver. In pre-transplant patients, immunotherapy may improve downstaging success and tumour control at the cost of some immunologic risks. These include immune-related toxicities, which are particularly relevant in a uniquely vulnerable population with chronic liver disease, and the possibility of acute rejection after transplantation. Ultimately, the goal of immunotherapy in this population will be to effectively expand access to liver transplantation while preserving pre- and post-transplant outcomes. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms supporting combination immunotherapy, summarise key recent clinical data from major immunotherapy trials, and explore how immunotherapy can be applied in the neoadjuvant setting prior to liver transplantation in selected high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Sherrie Bhoori
- Division of HPB Surgery, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, University of Milan, and Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Neil Mehta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco CA, USA.
| | - Vincenzo Mazzaferro
- Division of HPB Surgery, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, University of Milan, and Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan Italy.
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32
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Yu B, Ma W. Biomarker discovery in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for personalized treatment and enhanced prognosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 79:29-38. [PMID: 39191624 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading contributor to cancer-related deaths worldwide and presents significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its heterogeneous nature. The discovery of biomarkers has become crucial in addressing these challenges, promising early detection, precise diagnosis, and personalized treatment plans. Key biomarkers, such as alpha fetoprotein (AFP) glypican 3 (GPC3) and des gamma carboxy prothrombin (DCP) have shown potential in improving clinical results. Progress in proteomic technologies, including next-generation sequencing (NGS), mass spectrometry, and liquid biopsies detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), has deepened our understanding of HCC's molecular landscape. Immunological markers, like PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), also play a crucial role in guiding immunotherapy decisions. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in biomarker validation, standardization, integration into clinical practice, and cost-related barriers. Emerging technologies like single-cell sequencing and machine learning offer promising avenues for further exploration. Continued investment in research and collaboration among researchers, healthcare providers, and policymakers is vital to harness the potential of biomarkers fully, ultimately revolutionizing HCC management and improving patient outcomes through personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofa Yu
- Taimei Baofa Cancer Hospital, Dongping, Shandong 271500, China; Jinan Baofa Cancer Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China; Beijing Baofa Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100010, China; Immune Oncology Systems, Inc, San Diego, CA 92102, USA.
| | - Wenxue Ma
- Department of Medicine, Sanford Stem Cell Institute, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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33
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Nartey YA, Yang JD, Zemla TJ, Ayawin J, Asibey SO, El-Kassas M, Bampoh SA, Duah A, Agyei-Nkansah A, Awuku YA, Afihene MY, Yamada H, Yin J, Plymoth A, Roberts LR. GALAD Score for the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Validation Study in Ghanaian Patients. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:2653-2659. [PMID: 39324700 PMCID: PMC11465414 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide including sub-Saharan Africa. The GALAD score, derived from Gender, Age, Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of alpha fetoprotein, Alpha fetoprotein, and Des-carboxy-prothrombin, has high accuracy in diagnosing HCC in Asia, Europe, and North America; however, it has not been validated in an African cohort. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the GALAD score in the diagnosis of HCC in sub-Saharan Africa. Clinical data from patients with cirrhosis (n = 93) or HCC (n = 78) from outpatient hepatology clinics at three teaching hospitals in Ghana were abstracted, and serum samples were analyzed. A logistic regression model predicting HCC status based on the GALAD score was constructed to obtain the ROC curve for GALAD. The AUC with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. The median GALAD score was higher among patients with HCC versus cirrhosis controls (8.0 vs. -4.1, P < 0.01). The AUC of the GALAD score for HCC detection was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.79-0.92). At a cut-off value of -0.37, the GALAD score had a sensitivity of 0.81 and a specificity of 0.86. The AUC (95% CI) was 0.87 (0.80-0.95) and 0.81 (0.67-0.94) in hepatitis B virus-positive and hepatitis B virus-negative patients, respectively. The GALAD score has a high accuracy for HCC detection. It has great potential to improve HCC surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa where imaging resources are limited. Significance: The GALAD score or its relevant modifications have the potential to aid in improving HCC surveillance efforts in low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa. This could enhance early detection rates of HCC and potentially improve survival rates in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Ayerki Nartey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Ju Dong Yang
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Tyler J. Zemla
- Alliance Statistics and Data Management Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Joshua Ayawin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Komfo-Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | | | - Mohamed El-Kassas
- Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sally Afua Bampoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Greater Accra Regional Hospital, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Amoako Duah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ghana Medical Center, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Adwoa Agyei-Nkansah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Yaw Asante Awuku
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
| | - Mary Yeboah Afihene
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Hiroyuki Yamada
- Division of In Vitro Diagnostics, FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
| | - Amelie Plymoth
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lewis R. Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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34
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Rhee H, Park YN, Choi JY. Advances in Understanding Hepatocellular Carcinoma Vasculature: Implications for Diagnosis, Prognostication, and Treatment. Korean J Radiol 2024; 25:887-901. [PMID: 39344546 PMCID: PMC11444852 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2024.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progresses through multiple stages of hepatocarcinogenesis, with each stage characterized by specific changes in vascular supply, drainage, and microvascular structure. These vascular changes significantly influence the imaging findings of HCC, enabling non-invasive diagnosis. Vascular changes in HCC are closely related to aggressive histological characteristics and treatment responses. Venous drainage from the tumor toward the portal vein in the surrounding liver facilitates vascular invasion, and the unique microvascular pattern of vessels that encapsulate the tumor cluster (known as a VETC pattern) promotes vascular invasion and metastasis. Systemic treatments for HCC, which are increasingly being used, primarily target angiogenesis and immune checkpoint pathways, which are closely intertwined. By understanding the complex relationship between histopathological vascular changes in hepatocarcinogenesis and their implications for imaging findings, radiologists can enhance the accuracy of imaging diagnosis and improve the prediction of prognosis and treatment response. This, in turn, will ultimately lead to better patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjin Rhee
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Nyun Park
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Choi
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Wang Y, Lei K, Zhao L, Zhang Y. Clinical glycoproteomics: methods and diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e760. [PMID: 39372389 PMCID: PMC11450256 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycoproteins, representing a significant proportion of posttranslational products, play pivotal roles in various biological processes, such as signal transduction and immune response. Abnormal glycosylation may lead to structural and functional changes of glycoprotein, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. Consequently, exploring protein glycosylation can shed light on the mechanisms behind disease manifestation and pave the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Nonetheless, the study of clinical glycoproteomics is fraught with challenges due to the low abundance and intricate structures of glycosylation. Recent advancements in mass spectrometry-based clinical glycoproteomics have improved our ability to identify abnormal glycoproteins in clinical samples. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the foundational principles and recent advancements in clinical glycoproteomic methodologies and applications. Furthermore, we discussed the typical characteristics, underlying functions, and mechanisms of glycoproteins in various diseases, such as brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, kidney diseases, and metabolic diseases. Additionally, we highlighted potential avenues for future development in clinical glycoproteomics. These insights provided in this review will enhance the comprehension of clinical glycoproteomic methods and diseases and promote the elucidation of pathogenesis and the discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wang
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kaixin Lei
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems GeneticsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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36
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Zhang WQ, Sun JX, Lan ST, Sun XM, Guo YJ, Wen BC, Chen J, Liu G. Regulation of Fuzheng Huayu capsule on inhibiting the fibrosis-associated hepatocellular carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:1219-1238. [PMID: 38780602 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2355132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, bioinformatics analysis of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) dataset was conducted with the hepatoprotective effect of the Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY) capsule against the diethylnitrosamine-induced HCC progression analyzed. Eight cell clusters were defined and tanshinone IIA, arachidonic acid, and quercetin, compounds of the FZHY capsule, inhibit HCC progression-related fibrosis by regulating the expression of PLAU and IGFBP3. Combined with the ameliorative effect of the FZHY capsule against liver dysfunctions and expression of PLAU and IGFBP3, our study confirmed the effect of the FZHY capsule on inhibiting the fibrosis-associated HCC progression via regulating the expression of PLAU and IGFBP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Jia-Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Shu-Ting Lan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Yi-Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Bi-Chao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Achievement Transformation, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
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37
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Liu P, Cao X, Dalfsen R, Soukup M, Dolan J, Zhao L, Wang Z, Mulhem A, Gao XS, Liu G, Cong X, Stevens C, Deroniyagala R, Li X, Ding X. Investigate potential clinical benefits and linear energy transfer sparing utilizing proton arc therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Phys Med 2024; 126:104816. [PMID: 39326286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.104816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the potential clinical benefits and dose-averaged Linear Energy Transfer (LETd) sparing, utilizing proton arc plan for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in comparison with Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT). METHODS Ten HCC patients have been retrospectively selected. Two planning groups were created: Proton Arc plans using Monaco ver. 6 and the clinical IMPT plan. Both planning groups used the same robustness parameters. The prescription dose is 67.5 Gy (RBE) in 15 fractions of the Clinical Target Volume (CTV). Robustness evaluations were performed to ensure dose coverage. Normal Tissue Complicated Probability (NTCP) model was utilized to predict the possibility of Radiation-Induced Liver Disease (RILD) and evaluate the potential benefit of proton arc therapy. LETd calculation and evaluation were performed as well. RESULTS Proton arc plan has shown better dosimetric improvements of most Organ-At-Risks (OARs). More specifically, the liver mean dose has been significantly reduced from 14.7 GyE to 10.62 GyE compared to the IMPT plan. The predicted possibility of RILD has also been significantly reduced for cases with a large and deep liver target where healthy liver tissue sparing is a challenge. Additionally, proton arc therapy could increase the average LETd in the target and reduce LETd in adjacent OARs. CONCLUSIONS The potential clinical benefit of utilizing proton arc therapy HCC varies depending on the patient-specific geometry. With more freedom, proton arc therapy can offer a better dosimetric plan quality in the challenge cases, which might not be feasible using the current IMPT technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | | | | | | | - Lewei Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Zishen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei Yizhou Tumor Hospital, Zhuozhou, China
| | - Anthony Mulhem
- Lyman Briggs College, Michigan State University, MI, United States
| | - Xian-Shu Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiaoda Cong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Craig Stevens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Rohan Deroniyagala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States
| | - Xuanfeng Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States.
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Shan X, Lv S, Cheng H, Zhou L, Gao Y, Xing C, Li D, Tao W, Zhang C. Evaluation of 3-O-β-D-galactosylated resveratrol-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 203:114454. [PMID: 39142541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
In our previous studies, 3-O-β-D-galactosylated resveratrol (Gal-Res) was synthesized by structural modification and then 3-O-β-D-galactosylated resveratrol polydopamine nanoparticles (Gal-Res NPs) were successfully prepared to improve the bioavailability and liver distribution of Res. However, the pharmacodynamic efficacy and specific mechanism of Gal-Res NPs on hepatocellular carcinoma remain unclear. Herein, liver cancer model mice were successfully constructed by xenograft tumor modeling. Gal-Res NPs (34.2 mg/kg) significantly inhibited tumor growth of the liver cancer model mice with no significant effect on their body weight and no obvious toxic effect on major organs. Additionally, in vitro cellular uptake assay showed that Gal-Res NPs (37.5 μmol/L) increased the uptake of Gal-Res by Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, and significantly inhibited the cell migration and invasion. The experimental results of Hoechst 33342/propyl iodide (PI) double staining and flow cytometry both revealed that Gal-Res NPs could remarkably promote cell apoptosis. Moreover, the Western blot results revealed that Gal-Res NPs significantly regulated the Bcl-2/Bax and AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathways. Taken together, the in vitro/in vivo results demonstrated that Gal-Res NPs significantly improved the antitumor efficiency of Gal-Res, which is a potential antitumor drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shan
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Shujie Lv
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyan Cheng
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Lele Zhou
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Chengjie Xing
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Wenwen Tao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Grand Health Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China.
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Zhang Y, Che N, Wang S, Meng J, Zhao N, Han J, Dong X, Li Y, Mo J, Zhao X, Liu T. Nrf2/ASPM axis regulated vasculogenic mimicry formation in hepatocellular carcinoma under hypoxia. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:941-957. [PMID: 39097533 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-024-02140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic microenvironment is a common feature of most solid tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation by tumor cells could provide blood supply to tumor cells under hypoxia. NFE2 like basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor 2 (Nrf2), a regulator of cellular homeostasis, may promote tumor progression in the hypoxic conditions. However, the role and regulatory mechanisms of Nrf2 in HCC are not fully elucidated. METHODS Nrf2 and assembly factor for spindle microtubules (ASPM) expression modulations were conducted by lentiviral transfections. Western blot, immunofluorescence, ChIP-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, flow cytometry, RNA sequencing, multiple bioinformatics databases analysis, cell function assays in vitro, mouse model in vivo and human HCC tissues were employed to assess the effect of Nrf2/ASPM axis on HCC progression under hypoxia. RESULTS Nrf2 and ASPM expression facilitated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSCs) feature, and VM formation of HCC cells under hypoxia. Furthermore, Nrf2-regulated ASPM expression, via binding directly to the promoter region of ASPM and transcriptionally promoting ASPM expression. ASPM re-expression in Nrf2 knockdown cells or ASPM knockdown in Nrf2 overexpression cells reversed the cellular function caused by Nrf2. Meantime, retinol metabolism pathway was disrupted following abnormal ASPM expression. Nrf2/ASPM axis in murine models accelerated tumor growth and VM, corroborating in vitro findings. All-trans retinoic acid treatment reversed stemness and VM of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, Nrf2 and ASPM expressions were related to poor prognosis of HCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Nrf2 drives EMT, CSCs characteristics and VM in HCC under hypoxia through the modulation of ASPM. Retinol metabolism pathway was dysregulated in HCC cells with ASPM overexpression. Nrf2/ASPM axis and related pathway provided potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Che
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiyuan Han
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueyi Dong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Mo
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tieju Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Yang Z, Zhang P, Zhao Y, Guo R, Hu J, Wang Q, Zhao Z, Liu H, Lv S, Ren Z, Hu Y, Cui D. DRD4 promotes chemo-resistance and cancer stem cell-like phenotypes by mediating the activation of the Akt/β-catenin signaling axis in liver cancer. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:1212-1223. [PMID: 39174739 PMCID: PMC11442912 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02811-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) significantly impact chemo-resistance and recurrence in liver cancer. Dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) is known to enhance the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in glioblastoma and correlates with poor prognosis in some non-central nervous system tumors; however, its influence on LCSCs remains uncertain. METHODS To investigate the gene and protein expression profiles of DRD4 in LCSCs and non-LCSCs, we utilized transcriptome sequencing and Western blotting analysis. Bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry were employed to assess the correlation between DRD4 expression levels and the pathological characteristics of liver cancer patients. The impact of DRD4 on LCSC phenotypes and signaling pathways were explored using pharmacological or gene-editing techniques. Additionally, the effect of DRD4 on the protein expression and intracellular localization of β-catenin were examined using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS DRD4 expression is significantly elevated in LCSCs and correlates with short survival in liver cancer. The expression and activity of DRD4 are positive to resistance, self renewal and tumorigenicity in HCC. Mechanistically, DRD4 stabilizes β-catenin and promotes its entry into the nucleus via activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway, thereby enhancing LCSC phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Inhibiting DRD4 expression and activation offers a promising targeted therapy for eradicating LCSCs and relieve chemo-resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- beta Catenin/metabolism
- beta Catenin/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Phenotype
- Male
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Female
- Mice, Nude
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Yang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Medical and Industrial Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Pai Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Department, Luoyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Yiwei Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Ran Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jinglin Hu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Medical and Industrial Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Henan University-affiliated Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Handi Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shuangyu Lv
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Medical and Industrial Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Medical and Industrial Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Resources Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Medical and Industrial Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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Yang C, Jia J, Yu Y, Lu H, Zhang L. Temporal trends in prevalence of liver cancer and etiology-specific liver cancer from 1990 to 2019. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102451. [PMID: 39174005 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer (LC) remains a major cause of cancer death worldwide. Grasping prevalence trends is key to informing strategies for control and prevention. We analyzed the global, regional and national trends in LC prevalence and its major causes from 1990 to 2019. METHODS We obtained LC age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 and assessed trends using Joinpoint regression. LC cases were categorized into those due to hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), alcohol use, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and other causes. RESULTS While the ASPR of LC has shown a global decrease, there are specific regions where an increase in ASPR has been observed, with the highest rates in America. HBV remained the leading cause of LC (41.45 %) but significant increases occurred for HCV, alcohol use and NASH. Prevalence correlated with socioeconomic development. High-income countries had higher LC rates from HCV and alcohol but lower HBV-related LC. In high-income nations, LC prevalence climbs; the converse holds in middle- and low-income countries. CONCLUSIONS Despite a global ASPR decrease, LC due to HCV, NASH, and alcohol is rising. Prevention strategies must prioritize HBV vaccination, HCV treatment, and alcohol regulation. IMPACT The study informs targeted LC control policies and emphasizes the importance of continued monitoring and regional cooperation to combat LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
| | - Jia Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Thoracic and Comprehensive Cancers Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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Danpanichkul P, Aboona MB, Sukphutanan B, Kongarin S, Duangsonk K, Ng CH, Muthiah MD, Huang DQ, Seko Y, Díaz LA, Arab JP, Yang JD, Chen VL, Kim D, Noureddin M, Liangpunsakul S, Wijarnpreecha K. Incidence of liver cancer in young adults according to the Global Burden of Disease database 2019. Hepatology 2024; 80:828-843. [PMID: 38598364 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The worldwide burden of cancer is increasing in younger populations. However, the epidemiology of primary liver cancer remains understudied in young adults compared to other cancer forms. APPROACH AND RESULTS This study analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease study between 2010 and 2019 to assess the age-standardized incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years associated with primary liver cancer in the young (15-49 y), stratified by region, nation, sociodemographic index, and sex. The study found a global estimate of 78,299 primary liver cancer cases, 60,602 deaths, and 2.90 million disability-adjusted life years in the young population. The Western Pacific region exhibited the highest burden in 2019, showing the most significant increase compared to other regions between 2010 and 2019. More than half of the countries worldwide have undergone an increase in primary liver cancer incidence rates in young adults. Around 12.51% of deaths due to primary liver cancer occur in young individuals. Throughout the study period, there was a significant decline in primary liver cancer mortality due to most etiologies, except for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-attributable primary liver cancer (annual percentage change + 0.87%, 95% CI: 0.70%-1.05%) and alcohol-attributable primary liver cancer (annual percentage change + 0.21%, 95% CI: 0.01%-0.42%). The limitations of the Global Burden of Disease database include reliance on the quality of primary data and possible underestimation of alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Over the past decade, there has been a marked increase in the burden of primary liver cancer, especially that originating from steatotic liver disease. This trend calls for the development of urgent and comprehensive strategies to mitigate this rising burden globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojsakorn Danpanichkul
- Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Majd B Aboona
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | - Kwanjit Duangsonk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Cheng Han Ng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mark D Muthiah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Q Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- MASLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yuya Seko
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyou-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Luis Antonio Díaz
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Observatorio Multicéntrico de Enfermedades Gastrointestinales, OMEGA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Arab
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University & London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ju Dong Yang
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Comprehensive Transplant Center, and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vincent L Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Donghee Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mazen Noureddin
- Houston Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Karn Wijarnpreecha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Arnett A, Siegel DA, Dai S, Thompson TD, Foster J, di Pierro EJ, Momin B, Lupo PJ, Heczey A. Incidence and survival of pediatric and adult hepatocellular carcinoma, United States, 2001-2020. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 92:102610. [PMID: 38986355 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for approximately 80 % of liver neoplasms. Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma ranks as the third most lethal cancer, with the number of deaths expected to further increase by 2040. In adults, disparities in incidence and survival are well described while pediatric epidemiology is not well characterized. We describe incidence and survival for pediatric (ages 0-19 years) hepatocellular carcinoma cases and compare these measures to adults (ages ≥ 20 years) diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS We assessed incidence data from the US Cancer Statistics database during 2003-2020 and 5-year survival from the National Program of Cancer Registries during 2001-2019. Incidence trends were determined by annual percent change (APC) and average APC (AAPC) using joinpoint regression. Five-year survival was evaluated by relative survival, and all-cause survival was estimated using multivariate Cox modeling. Corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for all analyses. RESULTS Incidence rate per 100,000 persons was 0.056 (95 %CI:0.052-0.060) for pediatric cases and 7.793 (7.767-7.819) for adults. Incidence was stable in the pediatric population (0.3 AAPC, - 1.1 to 1.7). In contrast, after periods of increase, incidence declined in adults after 2015 (-1.5 APC). Relative survival increased over time for both pediatric and adult ages and was higher for children and adolescents (46.4 %, 95 %CI:42.4-50.3) than adults (20.7 %, 95 %CI:20.5-20.9). Regression modeling showed that non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity was associated with higher risk of death in children and adolescents (1.48, 95 %CI:1.07-2.05) and adults (1.11, 95 %CI:1.09-1.12) compared to non-Hispanic white race and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Between 2003 and 2020 in the United States, pediatric incidence was stable while incidence in adults began to decline after 2015. Survival was higher across all stages for children and adolescents compared to adults. Non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity showed a higher risk of death for both age groups. Further studies could explore the factors that influence these outcome disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azlann Arnett
- Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David A Siegel
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shifan Dai
- Cyberdata Technologies, Inc., Herndon, VA, United States
| | - Trevor D Thompson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jennifer Foster
- Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Erika J di Pierro
- Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Behnoosh Momin
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Andras Heczey
- Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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Li RX, Hao Y, Ettel M. Expression of PSMA in Tumor-Associated Vasculature Predicts Poorer Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Is Likely Associated With PD-L1. Int J Surg Pathol 2024; 32:1248-1255. [PMID: 38321782 DOI: 10.1177/10668969241226705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein recently found to be expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to characterize the expression pattern of PSMA in HCC and its association with clinicopathologic parameters and other biomarkers. METHODS Immunohistochemical studies for PSMA were performed on a previously established tissue microarray of 103 surgically resected HCC. RESULTS Conceivable PSMA expression in ≥5% tumor-associated vasculature (TAV) was considered positive, and was identified in 56 (54.4%) tumors. Eight (7.8%) tumors also showed membranous/cytoplasmic and/or canalicular staining in tumor cells. By chi-square tests, only PSMA-positive TAV was associated with moderate-to-poorly differentiated HCC and the modified higher tumor stage (P < .05). PSMA-positive TAV was not associated with age, sex, or expression of glypican-3, keratin 7, CD3, CD8, HHLA-2, but marginally correlated with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (P = .052). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed PSMA-positive TAV as an independent risk factor for poorer disease-specific survival (P = .008). Co-expression of PD-L1 did not ameliorate the adverse prognostication of PSMA-positive TAV. Membranous/cytoplasmic/canalicular expression of PSMA alone was not prognostically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed that PSMA-positive TAV is a prospective diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC. Co-expression of PSMA with PD-L1 may suggest potential crosstalk between the 2 proteins, likely regulating the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena X Li
- High School Intern, Pittsford Mendon High School, Pittsford, NY, USA
| | - Yansheng Hao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mark Ettel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Tian T, Zeng J, Li YC, Wang J, Zhang DF, Wang DG, Pan HF, Fan JG, Ni J. Joint effects of sleep disturbance and renal function impairment on incident new-onset severe metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:4724-4733. [PMID: 39118216 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the effects of sleep parameters and renal function on the risk of developing new-onset severe metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS The primary analysis involved a cohort of 305 257 participants. Multivariable Cox models were employed to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Traditional mediation and two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to assess the associations and mediating roles of renal function indicators between sleep and new-onset severe MASLD. RESULTS Poor sleep score and renal function biomarker score (RFS) were associated with an increased risk of new-onset severe MASLD (all ptrend <0.001). Participants with poor sleep patterns and the highest RFS had a 5.45-fold higher risk of new-onset severe MASLD, compared to those with healthy sleep patterns and the lowest RFS (p < 0.001). The RFS could explain 10.08% of the correlations between poor sleep score and risk of new-onset severe MASLD. Additionally, MR analyses supported a causal link between insomnia and new-onset severe MASLD and revealed a mediating role of chronic kidney disease in the connection between insomnia and new-onset severe MASLD risk. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the independent and combined associations of sleep parameters and renal function indicators with new-onset severe MASLD, underscoring the bidirectional communication of the liver-kidney axis and providing modifiable strategies for preventing MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Li
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dan-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De-Guang Wang
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Guo W, Liu Y, Chen B, Fan L. Target prediction and potential application of dihydroartemisinin on hepatocarcinoma treatment. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:7711-7724. [PMID: 38713259 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
With high incidence of hepatocarcinoma and limited effective treatments, most patients suffer in pain. Antitumor drugs are single-targeted, toxicity, causing adverse side effects and resistance. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) inhibits tumor through multiple mechanisms effectively. This study explores and evaluates safety and potential mechanism of DHA towards human hepatocarcinoma based on network pharmacology in a comprehensive way. Adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties of DHA were evaluated with pkCSM, SwissADME, and ADMETlab. Potential targets of DHA were obtained from SwissTargetPrediction, Drugbank, TargetNET, and PharmMapper. Target gene of hepatocarcinoma was obtained from OMIM, GeneCards, and DisGeNET. Overlapping targets and hub genes were identified and analyzed for Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Reactome pathway. Molecular docking was utilized to investigate the interactions sites and hydrogen bonds. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), wound healing, invasion, and migration assays on HepG2 and SNU387 cell proved DHA inhibits malignant biological features of hepatocarcinoma cell. DHA is safe and desirable for clinical application. A total of 131 overlapping targets were identified. Biofunction analysis showed targets were involved in kinase activity, protein phosphorylation, intracellular reception, signal transduction, transcriptome dysregulation, PPAR pathway, and JAK-STAT signaling axis. Top 9 hub genes were obtained using MCC (Maximal Clique Centrality) algorithm, namely CDK1, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, KIF11, CHEK1, TYMS, AURKA, and TOP2A. Molecular docking suggests that all hub genes form a stable interaction with DHA for optimal binding energy were all less than - 5 kcal/mol. Dihydroartemisinin might be a potent and safe anticarcinogen based on its biological safety and effective therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bingdi Chen
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lieying Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zhu CX, Yan K, Chen L, Huang RR, Bian ZH, Wei HR, Gu XM, Zhao YY, Liu MC, Suo CX, Li ZK, Yang ZY, Lu MQ, Hua XF, Li L, Zhao ZB, Sun LC, Zhang HF, Gao P, Lian ZX. Targeting OXCT1-mediated ketone metabolism reprograms macrophages to promote antitumor immunity via CD8 + T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2024; 81:690-703. [PMID: 38759889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The liver is the main organ of ketogenesis, while ketones are mainly metabolized in peripheral tissues via the critical enzyme 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1). We previously found that ketolysis is reactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells through OXCT1 expression to promote tumor progression; however, whether OXCT1 regulates antitumor immunity remains unclear. METHODS To investigate the expression pattern of OXCT1 in HCC in vivo, we conducted multiplex immunohistochemistry experiments on human HCC specimens. To explore the role of OXCT1 in mouse HCC tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), we generated LysMcreOXCT1f/f (OXCT1 conditional knockout in macrophages) mice. RESULTS Here, we found that inhibiting OXCT1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages reduced CD8+ T-cell exhaustion through the succinate-H3K4me3-Arg1 axis. Initially, we found that OXCT1 was highly expressed in liver macrophages under steady state and that OXCT expression was further increased in TAMs. OXCT1 deficiency in macrophages suppressed tumor growth by reprogramming TAMs toward an antitumor phenotype, reducing CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and increasing CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, high OXCT1 expression induced the accumulation of succinate, a byproduct of ketolysis, in TAMs, which promoted Arg1 transcription by increasing the H3K4me3 level in the Arg1 promoter. In addition, pimozide, an inhibitor of OXCT1, suppressed Arg1 expression as well as TAM polarization toward the protumor phenotype, leading to decreased CD8+ T-cell exhaustion and slower tumor growth. Finally, high expression of OXCT1 in macrophages was positively associated with poor survival in patients with HCC. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results demonstrate that OXCT1 epigenetically suppresses antitumor immunity, suggesting that suppressing OXCT1 activity in TAMs could be an effective approach for treating liver cancer. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS The intricate metabolism of liver macrophages plays a critical role in shaping hepatocellular carcinoma progression and immune modulation. Targeting macrophage metabolism to counteract immune suppression presents a promising avenue for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Herein, we found that the ketogenesis gene OXCT1 was highly expressed in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and promoted tumor growth by reprogramming TAMs toward a protumor phenotype. Pharmacological targeting or genetic downregulation of OXCT1 in TAMs enhances antitumor immunity and slows tumor growth. Our results suggest that suppressing OXCT1 activity in TAMs could be an effective approach for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Xu Zhu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong Huang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Bian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Ran Wei
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Mei Gu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Meng-Chu Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Xia Suo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Qiang Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Feng Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Chong Sun
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Feng Zhang
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Herranz Mochales A, Picchio CA, Nicolàs A, Macià MD, Fernández-Baca MV, Serrano J, Bonet L, Trelles M, Sansó A, Rubí AR, Zamora A, García-Gasalla M, Buti M, Vilella À, Lazarus JV. Implementing a new HCV model of care for people who use drugs. JHEP Rep 2024; 6:101145. [PMID: 39308984 PMCID: PMC11416665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2024.101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims An estimated 50 million individuals have chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection worldwide and people who use drugs (PWUD) are disproportionately affected. Persistent stigma and discrimination make it challenging for PWUD to access healthcare, potentially hindering HCV elimination progress in this population. To mitigate healthcare access barriers in PWUD, an HCV care model that simplified screening and linkage to care pathways was developed and rolled out in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Methods The prospective multicentre community model of care was implemented in 21 centres serving PWUD. This model involved: (1) participant recruitment and HCV antibody screening onsite via a point-of-care anti-HCV test, phlebotomy, or laboratory records; (2) HCV RNA, HBsAg and anti-HIV testing via a dried blood spot or phlebotomy; (3) linkage to specialist care and treatment prescription via telemedicine, when required; and (4) onsite monitoring of: (a) sustained virologic response (SVR) 4 and ≥12 weeks after treatment completion and; (b) potential new HCV infection or reinfection ∼1 year after phase 1 or SVR ≥12 monitoring. Care model acceptability was assessed. Results Between April 2021 and April 2023, 1,423 participants were recruited, of whom 464 (33%) were anti-HCV+ and 170 (12%) had detectable HCV RNA. Of the latter, 147 (86%) initiated therapy, of whom 124 (84%) completed it. SVR ≥12 monitoring was performed in 95 (77%) of these, of whom 88 (93%) had undetectable HCV RNA. Upon re-screening, four HCV reinfections were detected. Over 90% accepted study participation and screening and treatment decentralisation. Conclusions This adapted care model, which decentralised screening, diagnosis, and treatment, effectively increased healthcare access among PWUD, improving progress towards HCV elimination in this population in Spain. Impact and implications People who use drugs (PWUD) are among the most affected by chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection globally. A simplified model of care was implemented in 21 centres serving this population across the Balearic Islands, Spain, to offer HCV care to 1,423 PWUD in 2021-2023. This decentralised screening, diagnosis, and treatment model resulted in an HCV cure rate of 93% of those who both completed therapy and were monitored post treatment completion. The Hepatitis C Free Balears model can guide the HCV elimination efforts of regional health authorities and other stakeholders in the rest of Spain and other parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Herranz Mochales
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camila A. Picchio
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Nicolàs
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Dolores Macià
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Serrano
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitari Son Llàtzer, Palma, Spain
| | - Lucía Bonet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marita Trelles
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Comarcal d’Inca, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Andreu Sansó
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Manacor, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alicia R. Rubí
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Can Misses, Ibiza, Spain
| | - Antonio Zamora
- Addictive Behaviour Units, Health System of the Balearic Islands (IBSalut), Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mercedes García-Gasalla
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Buti
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Àngels Vilella
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Son Llàtzer, Palma, Spain
| | - Jeffrey V. Lazarus
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, NY, USA
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Ning L, Tian Y, Chen D, Han J, Xie G, Sun J. Sorafenib safety evaluation: Real-world analysis of adverse events from the FAERS database. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37348. [PMID: 39309940 PMCID: PMC11416516 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib is approved for the targeted therapy of cancers such as liver cancer and renal cancer. Given its widespread use, drug-related adverse events have received attention, and the post-marketing regulatory link is crucial. Objective By using the FAERS database to mine the adverse events (AEs) related to sorafenib, comparing the association intensity of key AEs, and exploring potential drug-related AEs, it provides a reference for clinical medication. Methods Collect ADE data related to sorafenib in the FAERS database from 2006 to 2023. Standardize the data, and map adverse events to system organ classes and preferred terms. Analyze using various signal quantification techniques such as ROR, PRR, BCPNN, and MGPS. Results Among 18,520 adverse event reports (AERs) where sorafenib was the primary suspected drug, a total of 390 preferred terms (PTs) of adverse reactions were identified, covering 24 different system organ classes (SOCs). Specifically, the adverse events of sorafenib mainly involve the digestive system, skin and subcutaneous tissue, as well as non-specific physical discomfort including infection and injury. Among them, digestive system symptoms and skin toxicity are typical adverse reactions of sorafenib. We also observed uncommon but clearly strong AE signals, such as chloracne (n = 3, ROR 1756.39, PRR 1756.32, IC 8.78, EBGM 439.83), low-differentiated thyroid cancer (n = 4, ROR 585.47, PRR 585.44, IC 8.2, EBGM 293.22). It is worth noting that palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome (n = 2109, ROR 73.98, PRR 72.03, IC 6.01, EBGM 64.25) and hepatic encephalopathy (n = 457, ROR 37.44, PRR 37.23, IC 5.13, EBGM 35.07) have a higher incidence and signal intensity. In addition, we also observed some adverse events not mentioned in the official drug instructions, such as vitamin K deficiency or increased protein induced by antagonist II (PIVKA-II), abnormal alpha-fetoprotein, tumor metastasis, and splenic atrophy. Conclusion Sorafenib carries the risk of various adverse reactions while providing therapeutic effects. In clinical applications, physicians should closely monitor the occurrence of digestive system reactions, skin lesions, endocrine system lesions, as well as injuries, infections, and other events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ning
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Di Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Han
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guanyue Xie
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jianguang Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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50
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Tee SR, Hughes H, Ryan ER, McCann J, O'Rourke C, Bourke M, MacNicholas R, Cantwell CP, Healy GM. Outcomes and Complications of Image-Guided Percutaneous Tumour Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma at the Irish National Liver Transplant Centre. Can Assoc Radiol J 2024:8465371241286795. [PMID: 39344072 DOI: 10.1177/08465371241286795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Image-guided tumour ablation is a minimally invasive treatment for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study reviews the complications and long term outcomes in patients treated at a tertiary referral centre. Methods: Retrospective study. All patients with HCC who underwent microwave ablation (MWA) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2022 were identified. Treatment response of target lesion, complications, and survival were recorded. Results: One hundred seventy ablations were performed in 118 patients; 70% MWA, 30% RFA. Median radiological follow-up 21 months (range 3-107). Follow-up imaging was reported using LI-RADS and mRECIST. At first follow-up imaging, 94 patients had complete response (primary efficacy rate 80.3%) while 19.7% (n = 23) had residual disease. Fifteen of these had repeat ablation; 10 had complete response (secondary efficacy rate 85.6%). By end of study duration, 70.5% (n = 79) achieved sustained local complete response from single ablation without documented recurrence. 14.3% (n = 16) required more than one ablation of target lesion. Overall, 84.8% (n = 95) demonstrated long term local complete response to ablation. Complication occurred in 5.9% (n = 10); 40.0% Grade I, 40.0% Grade II, 10.0% Grade III, 10.0% Grade IV as per the CIRSE Classification. 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 97%, 68%, and 61% respectively. Mean OS was 5.3 years (median 4.7). No difference in OS (P = .7) or local progression free survival (P = .5) between patients treated with MWA versus RFA. Conclusion: This study demonstrates excellent long-term response to TA, with acceptable complication profile. No difference in survival between RFA versus MWA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syer Ree Tee
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hannah Hughes
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edmund Ronan Ryan
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jeff McCann
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin O'Rourke
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michele Bourke
- Department of Hepatology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross MacNicholas
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Hepatology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colin P Cantwell
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard M Healy
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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