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Kaneko H, Kanai M, Saito T, Yanagi Y, Kobayashi H, Kurihara R, Ikeda M, Nemoto O, Baba N, Matsuzaki Y, Sawamura D, Shimoe F, Inaba Y, Kobayashi Y, Kawasaki S, Ueki T, Funatsu S, Shirahama S, Oba M, Hasegawa T, Furukawa H, Miyata T, Isonokami M, Fujita S, Nakaminami H. Significant increase in the prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, particularly the USA300 variant ΨUSA300, in the Japanese community. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0124823. [PMID: 37929951 PMCID: PMC10715091 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01248-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE USA300 is an MRSA clone producing PVL, a toxin associated with SSTIs. ΨUSA300 is a USA300 variant recently identified in Japan by Takadama et al. (15). Here, we found that the prevalence rate of PVL-positive MRSA in S. aureus was elevated in the Japanese community, and ΨUSA300 accounted for most of them. ΨUSA300 strains have been isolated from several areas in Japan and were associated with deep-seated SSTIs. This study highlighted the emerging threat posed by ΨUSA300 in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kaneko
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Kanai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Saito
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Yanagi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hana Kobayashi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rikuto Kurihara
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Ikeda
- Department of Dermatology, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | | | - Naoko Baba
- Department of Dermatology, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasushi Matsuzaki
- Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sawamura
- Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Toru Ueki
- Ueki Dermatology Plastic Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shigeho Shirahama
- Department of Dermatology, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Misao Oba
- Department of Dermatology, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Toshiko Miyata
- Division of Dermatology, Saitama Citizens Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | - Hidemasa Nakaminami
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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Wada F, Arai Y, Jo T, Mizumoto C, Kanda J, Kitawaki T, Nishikori M, Yamashita K, Takaori-Kondo A. Impact of Antimicrobial Drug-Drug Interactions on Acute Kidney Injury after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:634.e1-634.e7. [PMID: 37481244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the major complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The use of multiple antimicrobials is one of the major causes of post-transplantation AKI, owing to the potential nephrotoxicity of each agent and of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). No satisfactory reports on DDIs the field of allo-HSCT have been published. We performed a retrospective analysis to compare the incidence of AKI within 100 days post-transplantation. A total of 465 allo-HSCTs in 416 patients were analyzed, and the cumulative incidence of AKI was 40.0%. AKI was associated with significantly reduced overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 2.66; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95 to 3.55; P < .01) and increased transplantation-related mortality (HR, 4.77, 95% CI, 2.90 to 7.88; P < .01). A higher incidence of AKI was significantly associated with the use of ciprofloxacin, cefepime, tazobactam/piperacillin, meropenem, vancomycin, liposomal amphotericin B, ganciclovir, and foscarnet. Among these drugs, combinations of vancomycin plus tazobactam/piperacillin (HR, 2.23; P = .09 for interaction), ganciclovir plus cefepime (HR, 5.93; P = .04), and ganciclovir plus meropenem (HR, 2.63; P = .12) synergistically increased the risk of AKI, whereas combinations involving teicoplanin did not. This is the first report dealing with DDIs after allo-HSCT, indicating that such combinations should be avoided to preserve renal function and reduce AKI-related morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiya Wada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Arai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Center for Research and Application of Cellular Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tomoyasu Jo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Center for Research and Application of Cellular Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chisaki Mizumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junya Kanda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitawaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Momoko Nishikori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamashita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Center for Research and Application of Cellular Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Yao Z, Wu Y, Xu H, Lei Y, Long W, Li M, Gu Y, Jiang Z, Cao C. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections among dermatology inpatients: A 7-year retrospective study at a tertiary care center in southwest China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1124930. [PMID: 36998271 PMCID: PMC10043400 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1124930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIncreased rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) antibiotic resistance and the associated morbidity have increased dermatologists' attention to skin and soft tissue MRSA infections. However, the clinical characterization of MRSA skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in Southwest China is lacking, which precludes optimal prevention and treatment of these infections.ObjectivesThis study was conducted to characterize the prevalence, clinical comorbidities and antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA isolates from SSTIs, including community-associated (CA) and healthcare-associated (HA) isolates.MethodsIn the Dermatology Inpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, a retrospective study was conducted on data, including patient demographics and clinical information, from culture-confirmed S. aureus isolated from skin and soft tissue between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021. Isolate susceptibility to 13 antibiotics was determined using the Vitek 2 system.ResultsFrom among 864 S. aureus strains, we identified 283 MRSA (32.75%) isolates comprising 203 CA-MRSA and 80 HA-MRSA isolates. The average rate of CA-MRSA isolation for MRSA SSTIs was 71.73%. The HA-MRSA isolation rate for MRSA SSTIs increased significantly. HA-MRSA-infected patients were older. The most common dermatological presentation of CA-MRSA infection was staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, while the comorbidity severe drug eruption was significantly associated with HA-MRSA infection. One CA-MRSA strain was resistant to linezolid, and one HA-MRSA strain had an intermediate phenotype for vancomycin; both strains had low sensitivity to clindamycin and erythromycin (3.70%~19.40%). However, HA-MRSA isolates were more susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.ConclusionsCA-MRSA is a predominant pathogen causing SSTIs, and HA-MRSA infection incidence is increasing gradually. Both strains showed increasing antibiotic resistance. Our data on MRSA susceptibility may guide dermatologist antibiotic treatment decisions. Dermatologists should consider these identified comorbidities of MRSA SSTIs when patients are admitted and initiate early prevention and treatment of MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Yao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yidan Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongming Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Lei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wanyu Long
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Meixian Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Cunwei Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Cunwei Cao
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The second nationwide surveillance of antibacterial susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue infections in dermatology departments in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:143-149. [PMID: 36265821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present study compared trends in antimicrobial resistance patterns in pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) in Japan with those of a nationwide survey conducted in 2013. Three organisms that caused most of the SSTIs were collected from 12 dermatology departments in medical centers and 12 dermatology clinics across Japan between April 2019 and August 2020. A total of 390 strains, including 267 Staphylococcus aureus, 109 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), and 14 Streptococcus pyogenes strains were submitted to a central laboratory for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Patient demographic and clinical information was collated. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was detected in 25.8% (69/267) of the S. aureus strains. The prevalence of MRSA between the present study and the 2013 survey did not differ significantly. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in MIC values and susceptibility patterns of the MRSA strains to other agents, regardless of a history of hospitalization within 1 year or invasive medical procedures. Methicillin-resistant CNS (MRCNS) was detected in 48.6% (53/109) of CNS isolates, higher than the 35.4% prevalence in the 2013 survey. This difference could be attributed to the heterogeneity in the members of the MRCNS, which comprises multiple staphylococci species, between the 2013 and 2019 surveys. However, it was noted that the susceptibility profiles of the MRCNS to each antibiotic were not significantly different from those identified in the 2013 survey. Most strains of S. pyogenes were susceptible to each antibiotic, similar to the 2013 survey. Continuous monitoring of trends in pathogen and susceptibility profiles is important to advise local public health efforts regarding the appropriate treatment of SSTIs.
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Kurokawa I, Kanayama S, Yamasaki O. Antimicrobial activity of ozenoxacin and other antimicrobials against Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical skin specimens in Japan in 2019 and 2020. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1693-1696. [PMID: 35988886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the spread of antimicrobial resistance are a major problem in Japan. Here, we investigated the susceptibility of S. aureus clinical isolates to ozenoxacin (OZNX), a topical antimicrobial approved for superficial skin infection treatment in Japan. Susceptibility to OZNX was measured in 110 skin-derived methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and 130 MRSA strains isolated in 2019 and 2020 in Japan. The broth microdilution method was performed, and results were analyzed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (M07 and M100) guidelines. The results were compared with those of other antimicrobials used against S. aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)90 of OZNX for MSSA and MRSA were 0.12 and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively, indicating that OZNX exhibited the same or stronger antibacterial activity than that of the other antimicrobials tested, such as nadifloxacin, fucidic acid, and gentamicin. No strains exhibited reduced OZNX susceptibility. Notably, a low MIC of OZNX was observed even for strains with reduced susceptibility to nadifloxacin, a similar quinolone-based topical antimicrobial. OZNX is a highly potent antimicrobial used in Japan for superficial skin infections caused by S. aureus, such as impetigo contagiosa and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kurokawa
- Department of Dermatology, Acne Clinical Research Center, Meiwa Hospital, 4-31 Agenaruo-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8186, Japan.
| | - Shoji Kanayama
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, Clinical Development Dept., Maruho Co., Ltd., 93 Chudoji Awatacho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan.
| | - Osamu Yamasaki
- Department of Dermatology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
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Sato T, Ito R, Kawamura M, Fujimura S. The Risk of Emerging Resistance to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4779-4784. [PMID: 36039323 PMCID: PMC9419895 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s375588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Due to the spread of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), the demand for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) is increasing in the world. It is not clear whether the resistant strain emerges by overuse of SXT. We investigated here the emergent risk of the SXT-resistant mutant in S. aureus by an in vitro SXT exposure experiment. Methods A total of 40 S. aureus clinical isolates (20 MSSA and 20 MRSA isolates) were exposed to sub-MIC of SXT for consecutive days, and MIC of SXT was determined every day. In addition, the dfrB DNA sequencing was performed to detect the mutation in the SXT-resistant strain. Results The SXT-resistant strain began to emerge on the eighth day and accounted for 45% (18/40 clinical isolates) after 14 days. Moreover, one half of these resistant strains showed F98Y mutation in DfrB to retain SXT-resistance without selective pressure. Conclusion The emergent risk was SXT exposure of 14 days or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sato
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryota Ito
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Kawamura
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeru Fujimura
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in an adult patient with Netherton's syndrome: A case report. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:978-981. [PMID: 35277342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Netherton's syndrome, a rare congenital disorder, is clinically characterized by chronic dermatologic disorders such as ichthyosiform erythroderma and ichthyosis linearis circumflexa. Curable treatment is yet to be established, and corticosteroid ointment is required to maintain good dermatological condition. Because of the permanent skin barrier impairment, patients with Netherton's syndrome are considered to be vulnerable to cutaneous infections. However, its clinical characteristics are yet to be elucidated due to the limited number of reported cases. Herein, we describe the clinical course of a patient who developed persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. A 19-year-old Japanese woman who had been diagnosed with Netherton's syndrome in her infancy and had been applying topical corticosteroid agents all over her body since her then, was referred to our hospital because of persistent MRSA bacteremia and secondary adrenal insufficiency. The patient was diagnosed with a central line-associated bloodstream infection and was appropriately treated with antibiotics and corticosteroid therapies. We assume that the damaged skin barrier due to the congenital dermatological disorder causes a disruption in the normal bacterial flora of the skin, leading to the invasion of harmful bacteria, such as S. aureus. In addition, internal (humoral immunodeficiency by decreased antibody against bacterial polysaccharide antigens) and external (prolonged and systemic use of corticosteroid ointment) factors bring about an immunodeficiency state in such patients. We highlight that in the absence of radical treatment, clinicians need to recognize that patients with Netherton's syndrome are vulnerable to bacterial infections owing to the mixture of immunosuppressive factors.
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Iwata S, Koyama H, Murata Y. Efficacy and safety of daptomycin in Japanese pediatric participants with complicated skin and soft tissue infections or bacteremia caused by gram-positive cocci. J Infect Chemother 2021; 28:406-412. [PMID: 34920946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs) and bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), are common causes of infection for children worldwide. Here, the safety and efficacy of daptomycin in Japanese pediatric participants are reported. METHODS This open-label, single-arm phase 2 study (NCT03643952) enrolled Japanese pediatric participants (age 1-17 years) with cSSTI or bacteremia caused by gram-positive cocci. Participants received age-adjusted doses of intravenous daptomycin for 5 to up to 14 days (cSSTI) or 5 to up to 42 days (bacteremia). The primary objective was safety and tolerability; efficacy among participants with infections caused by MRSA was a secondary objective. RESULTS A total of 18 participants (cSSTI, n = 14; bacteremia, n = 4) were enrolled across 12 study sites in Japan. The most common pathogen was S. aureus (15/18 [83.3%]), including methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates. Adverse events (AE) were reported in 42.9% (6/14) of participants with cSSTI and 100% (4/4) of participants with bacteremia. No deaths, serious AEs, discontinuations of study medication due to an AE, or events of clinical interest occurred in the study. In participants with infections caused by MRSA, 87.5% [7/8] achieved favorable clinical response at test of cure (TOC) visit (cSSTI, 85.7% [6/7]; bacteremia, 100% [1/1]). In this population, favorable microbiological response at TOC was achieved by 71.4% (5/7) of participants with cSSTI and 100% (1/1) of participants with bacteremia. CONCLUSIONS Daptomycin was well tolerated, exhibited a favorable safety profile, and was effective for the treatment of cSSTI or bacteremia in Japanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Iwata
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hayato Koyama
- MSD K.K., Kitanomaru Square, 1-13-12 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yagi S, Takahashi T, Murakami K, Azuma M, Sugano M, Miyamoto R, Niki M, Yamada H, Kawabata Y, Tani A, Fukuda D, Kadota M, Ise T, Kusunose K, Tobiume T, Matsuura T, Yamaguchi K, Soeki T, Wakatsuki T, Hata H, Sata M. Infective Endocarditis from Furuncle with Meningitis Complication Caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Intern Med 2021; 60:3251-3255. [PMID: 33867390 PMCID: PMC8580777 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6902-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) may be acquired in the community as community-acquired (CA) IE or in the healthcare setting. In Japan, cases of CA-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection as skin infection have been increasing. CA-MRSA strains, including the USA300 clone, have higher pathogenicity and are more destructive to tissue than healthcare-associated MRSA strains because of the toxins they produce, including arginine-catabolic mobile element (ACME) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). However, only a few IE cases induced by USA300 have been reported. We herein report a 64-year-old man who developed CA-IE from a furuncle caused by USA300 MRSA producing PVL and ACME, which resulted in complications of meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine and Human Resource Development, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Shikoku Central Hospital, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Keiji Murakami
- Infection Control Team, Tokushima University Hospital, Japan
| | - Momoyo Azuma
- Infection Control Team, Tokushima University Hospital, Japan
| | - Mikio Sugano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Mariko Niki
- Department of Dermatology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Muneyuki Kadota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ise
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tobiume
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Tomomi Matsuura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Koji Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Wakatsuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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Ferreira C, Costa SS, Serrano M, Oliveira K, Trigueiro G, Pomba C, Couto I. Clonal Lineages, Antimicrobial Resistance, and PVL Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus Associated to Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections from Ambulatory Patients in Portugal. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040345. [PMID: 33804851 PMCID: PMC8063795 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a leading cause of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) in the community. In this study, we characterized a collection of 34 S. aureus from SSTIs in ambulatory patients in Portugal and analyzed the presence of Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-encoding genes and antibiotic-resistance profile, which was correlated with genetic determinants, plasmid carriage, and clonal lineage. Nearly half of the isolates (15, 44.1%) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or multidrug resistant (MDR). We also detected resistance to penicillin (33/34, 97.1%), fluoroquinolones (17/34, 50.0%), macrolides and lincosamides (15/34, 44.1%), aminoglycosides (6/34, 17.6%), and fusidic acid (2/34, 5.9%), associated with several combinations of resistance determinants (blaZ, erm(A), erm(C), msr(A), mph(C), aacA-aphD, aadD, aph(3′)-IIIa, fusC), or mutations in target genes (fusA, grlA/gyrA). The collection presented a high genetic diversity (Simpson’s index of 0.92) with prevalence of clonal lineages CC5, CC22, and CC8, which included the MRSA and also most MDR isolates (CC5 and CC22). PVL-encoding genes were found in seven isolates (20.6%), three methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (ST152-agrI and ST30-agrIII), and four MRSA (ST8-agrI). Plasmid profiling revealed seventeen distinct plasmid profiles. This work highlights the high frequency of antimicrobial resistance and PVL carriage in SSTIs-related S. aureus outside of the hospital environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ferreira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.S.C.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Sofia Santos Costa
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.S.C.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Maria Serrano
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.S.C.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Ketlyn Oliveira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.S.C.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Graça Trigueiro
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Dr. Joaquim Chaves, Av. General Norton de Matos, 71 R/C, 1495-148 Algés, Portugal;
| | - Constança Pomba
- CIISA, Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal;
- GeneVet, Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular Veterinário, Rua Quinta da Nora Loja 3B, 2790-140 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Isabel Couto
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.); (S.S.C.); (M.S.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-21-3652652; Fax: +351-21-3632105
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11
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Sato T, Uno T, Kawamura M, Fujimura S. In vitro Tolerability of Biofilm-Forming Trimethoprim-/Sulfamethoxazole-Resistant Small Colony Variants of Staphylococcus aureus Against Various Antimicrobial Agents. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1282-1289. [PMID: 33689487 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trimethoprim-/sulfamethoxazole-resistant small colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus, which are selected by use of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, are involved in intractable biofilm-forming infection. This study aimed to determine the biofilm formation ability in trimethoprim-/sulfamethoxazole-resistant SCVs of S. aureus and investigate the bactericidal activity of differential antimicrobial agents to its biofilm-forming S. aureus. Between 32 S. aureus wild type (WT) and 32 SCVs selected from its WT, the amount of formed biofilm was compared. Vancomycin, daptomycin, rifampicin, and minocycline were exposed to biofilm-forming S. aureus to determine viable bacterial counts and its susceptibility. The biofilm-producing quantify of SCVs was approximately twice that formed by its WT. Vancomycin and daptomycin reduce 4 logs the bacterial counts of biofilm-forming WT at 24 hours, but did not affect SCVs. Rifampicin and minocycline considerably decreased both WT and SCVs; however, both bacterial counts recovered to an initial number 48 hours later. These survival strains showed resistance to each drug, and rpoB mutation or tet38 mRNA overexpression was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sato
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Uno
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Kawamura
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeru Fujimura
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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12
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Ohata K, Kitagawa J, Niwa T, Takahashi-Yamauchi T, Harada S, Matsumoto T, Nakamura N, Nakamura H, Kanemura N, Shimizu M, Suzuki A. Comparison of breakthrough Gram-positive cocci infection during vancomycin vs teicoplanin therapy in patients receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Clin Pharm Ther 2020; 45:1342-1348. [PMID: 32656902 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Our previous report indicated that teicoplanin (TEIC) caused fewer adverse effects than vancomycin (VCM) in patients with febrile neutropenia (FN) receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, we observed breakthrough methicillin-resistant-Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MR-S haemolyticus) infection during TEIC therapy in these patients. In this study, we sought to compare the incidence of breakthrough Gram-positive cocci (GPC) infection during VCM and TEIC therapy in this population. METHODS A single-centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients who had received HSCT and were administered VCM (n = 19) or TEIC (n = 38) for FN from 1 September 2011 to 31 August 2019 were enrolled. We compared the incidence of breakthrough GPC infection between the VCM and TEIC groups. RESULTS Breakthrough GPC infection during glycopeptide therapy in febrile neutropenic patients received HSCT was observed in three patients (7.9%) in the TEIC group but in none of patients (0%) in the VCM group. MR-S haemolyticus with low glycopeptide susceptibility (TEIC MIC = 2-8 μg/mL, VCM MIC = 2-4 μg/mL) was isolated from blood cultures in all patients with breakthrough GPC infections. All breakthrough infections were cured by changing from TEIC to daptomycin (DAP). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION The incidence of breakthrough GPC infection during glycopeptide therapy in febrile neutropenic HSCT patients was higher in the TEIC group than in the VCM group. MR-S haemolyticus with low glycopeptide susceptibility was isolated from all patients with breakthrough GPC infection and successfully treated with DAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ohata
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Junichi Kitagawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Niwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Saki Harada
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuro Matsumoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nakamura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakamura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kanemura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akio Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
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13
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Characterisation of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus causing skin and soft tissue infections in a children's hospital in Shanghai, China. Epidemiol Infect 2019; 147:e323. [PMID: 31831085 PMCID: PMC7006014 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268819002127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen responsible for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of community-acquired S. aureus isolates recovered from paediatric patients with SSTIs in Shanghai, China. Between January 2015 and January 2018, 91 community-acquired S. aureus isolates were characterised by antibiotic susceptibility, multilocus sequence typing (ST), staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) type and virulence genes. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were also characterised by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type. Forty-one (45.1%) S. aureus isolates were MRSA. ST59 (33.0%, 30/91) was the most common sequence type, and t437 (18.7%, 17/91) was the most common spa type. SCCmec IV and V accounted for 61.0% and 34.1% of all MRSA isolates, respectively. Each isolate carried at least six virulence genes. The positive rates of Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes among all S. aureus, MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates were 30.8% (28/91), 39.0% (16/41) and 24% (12/50), respectively. The prevalence of community-associated MRSA was surprisingly high among children with community-acquired SSTIs in Shanghai. ST59-t437 was the most prevalent community-acquired S. aureus clone causing SSTIs.
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14
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Kaku N, Ohnishi T, Matsumoto T, Watanabe S, Yanagihara K. Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin and soft tissue infections collected in the Japanese nationwide surveillance. J Dermatol 2019; 46:1205-1209. [PMID: 31553075 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are a common infection among both outpatients and inpatients. The most frequently isolated bacterium in SSTI was Staphylococcus aureus, a quarter of which was methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In this study, to investigate molecular epidemiology of the 141 MRSA strains collected in the Japanese nationwide surveillance, we performed multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type and virulence genes. The percentage of SCCmec types I, II, III and IV was 1.4%, 52.5%, 5.7% and 40.4%, respectively. According to the SCCmec type, we classified the strains into health-care-associated (HA)-MRSA (n = 84) and community-associated (CA)-MRSA (n = 57). Among the virulence genes, the percentage of enterotoxin C gene-positive strains was significantly higher in CA-MRSA than in HA-MRSA. No significant differences were detected between the two groups in terms of antibiotic susceptibility and patients' background information, classification of SSTI or symptoms of SSTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihito Kaku
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Ohnishi
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsumoto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichi Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanagihara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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15
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Nodaras C, Kotsaki A, Tziolos N, Kontopoulou T, Akinosoglou K, Chrisanthakopoulou M, Kranidioti E, Kritselis I, Voloudakis N, Vittoros V, Gogkou A, Fillas I, Toutouzas KG, Bristianou M, Tsoutsos D, Christaki E, Adamis G, Kaziani K, Tsironis C, Lada M, Kokkinakis E, Sympardi S, Koutelidakis IM, Karkamanis A, Pantazi A, Bayram C, Alexiou Z, Mousoulis G, Gogos C, O'Hare M, Griffiths D, MacGowan A, Sambatakou H, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ. Microbiology of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections in Greece: A proposed clinical prediction score for the causative pathogen. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 54:750-756. [PMID: 31479742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although clinical definitions of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infection (ABSSSI) are now well established, guidance of the prediction of likely pathogens based on evidence is missing. This was a large survey of the microbiology of ABSSSIs in Greece. During the period November 2014 to December 2016, all admissions for ABSSSI in 16 departments of internal medicine or surgery in Greece were screened to determine the likely bacterial aetiology. Samples were cultured on conventional media. Expression of the SA442, mecA/mecC and SCCmec-orfX junction genes was assessed. Following univariate and forward logistic regression analysis, clinical characteristics were used to develop scores to predict the likely pathogen with a target of 90% specificity. In total, 1027 patients were screened and 633 had positive microbiology. Monomicrobial infection by Gram-positive cocci occurred in 52.1% and by Gram-negative bacteria in 20.5%, and mixed infection by Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacteria in 27.3%. The most common isolated pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Resistance to methicillin was 57.3% (53.5-61.1%). Three predictive scores were developed: one for infection by methicillin-resistant S. aureus, incorporating recent hospitalisation, atrial fibrillation, residency in long-term care facility (LTCF) and stroke; one for mixed Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections, incorporating localisation of ABSSSI in lumbar area, fluoroquinolone intake in last 6 days, residency in LTCF and stroke; and another for Gram-negative infection, incorporating skin ulcer presentation, peptic ulcer and solid tumour malignancy. In conclusion, methicillin-resistant staphylococci are the main pathogens of ABSSSIs. The scores developed may help to predict the likely pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Nodaras
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Thriasio General Hospital, Elefsis, Greece
| | - Antigoni Kotsaki
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tziolos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Theano Kontopoulou
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Karolina Akinosoglou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Ioannis Kritselis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Argos General Hospital, Argos, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Voloudakis
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Vittoros
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Thriasio General Hospital, Elefsis, Greece
| | - Agathoniki Gogkou
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Fillas
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleion General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos G Toutouzas
- 1st Department of Propedeutic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimosthenis Tsoutsos
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery and Burn Center 'J. Ioannovich', 'G. Gennimatas' Athens General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Christaki
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Adamis
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, 'G. Gennimatas' Athens General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Kaziani
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Tsironis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery and Burn Center 'J. Ioannovich', 'G. Gennimatas' Athens General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Malvina Lada
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleion General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kokkinakis
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani Sympardi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Thriasio General Hospital, Elefsis, Greece
| | - Ioannis M Koutelidakis
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aikaterini Pantazi
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Thriasio General Hospital, Elefsis, Greece
| | - Cihat Bayram
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Alexiou
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Thriasio General Hospital, Elefsis, Greece
| | - George Mousoulis
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Gogos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Helen Sambatakou
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Greece
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16
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Kato-Hayashi H, Niwa T, Ohata K, Harada S, Matsumoto T, Kitagawa J, Tsurumi H, Suzuki A. Comparative efficacy and safety of vancomycin versus teicoplanin in febrile neutropenic patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Clin Pharm Ther 2019; 44:888-894. [PMID: 31373043 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Patients who receive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are usually administered a calcineurin inhibitor. Because vancomycin is associated with an increased incidence of nephrotoxicity, neutropenic patients receiving HSCT are considered a high-risk population for nephrotoxicity with vancomycin. We retrospectively compared the efficacy and safety of vancomycin and teicoplanin in febrile neutropenic patients receiving HSCT. METHODS A single-centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted at the 614-bed Gifu University Hospital in Japan. Patients who received HSCT and were administered vancomycin or teicoplanin by injection for febrile neutropenia from 1 January 2012 to 31 August 2017 were enrolled. Time to attain an effective trough concentration, clinical efficacy and adverse events were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Time to attain an effective trough concentration of over 10 μg/mL tended to be shorter in the teicoplanin group than in the vancomycin group (median 3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-3.6 days vs median 6, 95% CI 1.5-10.5 days; hazard ratio [HR] 0.4, 95% CI 0.15-1.06; P = .066). The rate of clinical failure was lower in the teicoplanin group than in the vancomycin group (18.8% vs 53.8%, P = .113). In addition, the overall incidence of nephrotoxicity was significantly lower in the teicoplanin group (0% vs 46.2%, P = .004). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that administration of teicoplanin may lead to early attainment of the effective concentration with a lower rate of clinical failure and incidence of nephrotoxicity compared to vancomycin in febrile neutropenic patients receiving HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takashi Niwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohata
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Saki Harada
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuro Matsumoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Junichi Kitagawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tsurumi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akio Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
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17
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Tateda K, Ohno A, Ishii Y, Murakami H, Yamaguchi K. Investigation of the susceptibility trends in Japan to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobial agents in a nationwide collection of clinical isolates: A longitudinal analysis from 1994 to 2016. J Infect Chemother 2019; 25:594-604. [PMID: 30954447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The susceptibilities of clinical isolates to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobial agents were surveyed to obtain an accurate understanding of trends in incidence and antimicrobial resistance. The samples were collected from across Japan, biennially or triennially, between 1994 and 2016 and a defined level of resistance to fluoroquinolone was determined. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Haemophilus influenzae exhibited stable and high rates of susceptibility to fluoroquinolones over the period examined. For methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus the rate of resistance to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was 81.3-93.5% and 83.2-94.2%, respectively, which was markedly higher than that of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, while sitafloxacin-resistant methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus were isolated at 0.3-0.7% and 16.9-36.5%, respectively. The rate of levofloxacin or ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli increased from around 2-3% between 1994 and 1998 to around 35% in 2016, but the rate of fluoroquinolone-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae stayed high at over 94.6% during the study period. Although no fluoroquinolone-resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella spp. was detected from 1994 to 2002, the resistance rate increased slightly after 2004 and reached to 1.9%-4.7% in 2016. The rate of fluoroquinolone-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract and respiratory tract infections improved during the period examined from 41.8-67.0% to 91.2-94.2%, and from 78.9-88.5% to 90.1-94.6%, respectively. Against Acinetobacter spp., the susceptibility rate of fluoroquinolones was almost constant at around 90%, but one multidrug-resistant isolate was detected in 2013. Overall, the susceptibility to fluoroquinolones was maintained over 20 years against tested bacteria except for MRSA and E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Tateda
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Japan.
| | - Akira Ohno
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hinako Murakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Japan
| | - Keizo Yamaguchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Japan
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18
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Sato T, Kawamura M, Furukawa E, Fujimura S. Screening method for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018; 15:1-5. [PMID: 29857058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) is used to treat Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, the effect of treatment with SXT is sometimes not sufficient and there are patients whose treatment has to be prolonged. There are few reports of isolated strains of SXT-resistant S. aureus, but it is possible that some resistant strains cannot be detected by current testing methods We have therefore developed a tool to identify these resistant strains. METHODS The mutant selection window (MSW) of SXT for 40 clinical isolates of S. aureus, including 20 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), was determined. The optimum concentration of SXT and thymidine in agar for detecting SXT-resistant small colony variants (SCVs) of S. aureus was investigated. RESULTS The MSW50 and MSW90 of SXT, presented as a multiple of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), were 16× MIC and >256× MIC, respectively. SCVs were detected within the MSW in 32 (80%) of the 40 clinical isolates studied. To maintain the morphology of SCVs, the most suitable concentrations of SXT and thymidine for screening were 4mg/L and 0.01μg/mL, respectively. All 32 SCVs were resistant to SXT (MIC >32mg/L). The sensitivity and specificity of this screening method was 100% and 88.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS SXT-resistant SCVs are not usually detected by routine laboratory tests performed in hospitals. However, the screening test described here can easily distinguish SXT-resistant SCVs among S. aureus isolated from specimens. This newly developed screening test could become an important tool to prevent inappropriate use of SXT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sato
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture 981-8558, Japan
| | - Masato Kawamura
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture 981-8558, Japan
| | - Emiko Furukawa
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture 981-8558, Japan
| | - Shigeru Fujimura
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture 981-8558, Japan.
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19
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Alabi A, Kazimoto T, Lebughe M, Vubil D, Phaku P, Mandomando I, Kern WV, Abdulla S, Mellmann A, Peitzmann L, Bischoff M, Peters G, Herrmann M, Grobusch MP, Schaumburg F, Rieg S. Management of superficial and deep-seated Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in sub-Saharan Africa: a post hoc analysis of the StaphNet cohort. Infection 2018; 46:395-404. [PMID: 29667040 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-018-1140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) is high in sub-Saharan Africa. This is fueled by a high prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), which can be associated with necrotizing disease. The aim was to describe the clinical presentation and the treatment of SSTI in the African setting and to identify challenges in the management. METHODS Patients (n = 319) were recruited in DR Congo (n = 56, 17.6%), Gabon (n = 89, 27.9%), Mozambique (n = 79, 24.8%) and Tanzania (n = 95, 29.8%) during the prospective observational StaphNet cohort study (2010-2015). A physician recorded the clinical management in standardized questionnaires and stratified the entity of SSTI into superficial (sSSTI) or deep-seated (dSSTI). Selected virulence factors (PVL, β hemolysin) and multilocus sequence types (MLST) were extracted from whole genome sequencing data. RESULTS There were 220/319 (69%) sSSTI and 99/319 (31%) dSSTI. Compared to sSSTI, patients with dSSTI were more often hospitalized (13.2 vs. 23.5%, p = 0.03), HIV-positive (7.6 vs. 15.9%, p = 0.11), and required more often incision and drainage (I&D, 45.5 vs. 76.5%, p = 0.04). The proportion of an adequate antimicrobial therapy increased marginally from day 1 (empirical therapy) to day 3 (definite therapy), for sSSTI (70.7 to 72.4%) and dSSTI (55.4 to 58.9%). PVL was a risk factor for I&D (OR = 1.7, p = 0.02) and associated with MLST clonal complex CC121 (OR = 2.7, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Appropriate antimicrobial agents and surgical services to perform I&D were available for the majority of patients. Results from susceptibility testing should be considered more efficiently in the selection of antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Alabi
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Marthe Lebughe
- Institut National de Recherche Bio-Médicale (INRB), Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Delfino Vubil
- Manhiça Health Research Center, Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Patrick Phaku
- Institut National de Recherche Bio-Médicale (INRB), Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Inacio Mandomando
- Manhiça Health Research Center, Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique.,Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Winfried V Kern
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Salim Abdulla
- Ifakara Health Institute (IHI), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Lena Peitzmann
- Institute of Hygiene, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Georg Peters
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mathias Herrmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin P Grobusch
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon.,Institut für Tropenmedizin, Eberhard Karls Universität, Tübingen, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frieder Schaumburg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Siegbert Rieg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
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