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Mukherjee J, Lodh BK, Sharma R, Mahata N, Shah MP, Mandal S, Ghanta S, Bhunia B. Advanced oxidation process for the treatment of industrial wastewater: A review on strategies, mechanisms, bottlenecks and prospects. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140473. [PMID: 37866496 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to its complex and, often, highly contaminated nature, treating industrial wastewater poses a significant environmental problem. Many of the persistent pollutants found in industrial effluents cannot be effectively removed by conventional treatment procedures. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have emerged as a promising solution, offering versatile and effective means of pollutant removal and mineralization. This comprehensive review explores the application of various AOP strategies in industrial wastewater treatment, focusing on their mechanisms and effectiveness. Ozonation (O3): Ozonation, leveraging ozone (O3), represents a well-established AOP for industrial waste water treatment. Ozone's formidable oxidative potential enables the breakdown of a broad spectrum of organic and inorganic contaminants. This paper provides an in-depth examination of ozone reactions, practical applications, and considerations involved in implementing ozonation. UV/Hydrogen Peroxide (UV/H2O2): The combination of ultraviolet (UV) light and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has gained prominence as an AOP due to its ability to generate hydroxyl radicals (ȮH), highly efficient in pollutant degradation. The review explores factors influencing the efficiency of UV/H2O2 processes, including H2O2 dosage and UV radiation intensity. Fenton and Photo-Fenton Processes: Fenton's reagent and Photo-Fenton processes employ iron ions and hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl radicals for pollutant oxidation. The paper delves into the mechanisms, catalyst selection, and the role of photoactivation in enhancing degradation rates within the context of industrial wastewater treatment. Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (EAOPs): EAOPs encompass a range of techniques, such as electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation, which employ electrode reactions to produce ȮH radicals. This review explores the electrochemical principles, electrode materials, and operational parameters critical for optimizing EAOPs in industrial wastewater treatment. TiO2 Photocatalysis (UV/TiO2): Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis, driven by UV light, is examined for its potential in industrial wastewater treatment. The review investigates TiO2 catalyst properties, reaction mechanisms, and the influence of parameters like catalyst loading and UV intensity on pollutant removal. Sonolysis (Ultrasonic Irradiation): High-frequency ultrasound-induced sonolysis represents a unique AOP, generating ȮH radicals during the formation and collapse of cavitation bubbles. This paper delves into the physics of cavitation, sonolytic reactions, and optimization strategies for industrial wastewater treatment. This review offers a critical assessment of the applicability, advantages, and limitations of these AOP strategies in addressing the diverse challenges posed by industrial wastewater. It emphasizes the importance of selecting AOPs tailored to the specific characteristics of industrial effluents and outlines potential directions for future research and practical implementation. The integrated use of these AOPs, when appropriately adapted, holds the potential to achieve sustainable and efficient treatment of industrial wastewater, contributing significantly to environmental preservation and regulatory compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanti Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CMR College of Pharmacy, Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501401, India.
| | - Bibhab Kumar Lodh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, 799046, India.
| | - Ramesh Sharma
- Bioproducts Processing Research Laboratory (BPRL), Department of Bio Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, 799046, India.
| | - Nibedita Mahata
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, India.
| | - Maulin P Shah
- Industrial Wastewater Research Lab, Division of Applied & Environmental Microbiology, Enviro Technology Limited, Ankleshwar, Gujarat, India.
| | - Subhasis Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, 673 601, India.
| | - Susanta Ghanta
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, 799046, India.
| | - Biswanath Bhunia
- Bioproducts Processing Research Laboratory (BPRL), Department of Bio Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, 799046, India.
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Apollon W. An Overview of Microbial Fuel Cell Technology for Sustainable Electricity Production. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:884. [PMID: 37999370 PMCID: PMC10672772 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The over-exploitation of fossil fuels and their negative environmental impacts have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide, and efforts have been made to propose alternatives for the production of sustainable and clean energy. One proposed alternative is the implementation of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which are sustainable and environmentally friendly. MFCs are devices that use bacterial activity to break down organic matter while generating sustainable electricity. Furthermore, MFCs can produce bioelectricity from various substrates, including domestic wastewater (DWW), municipal wastewater (MWW), and potato and fruit wastes, reducing environmental contamination and decreasing energy consumption and treatment costs. This review focuses on recent advancements regarding the design, configuration, and operation mode of MFCs, as well as their capacity to produce bioelectricity (e.g., 2203 mW/m2) and fuels (i.e., H2: 438.7 mg/L and CH4: 358.7 mg/L). Furthermore, this review highlights practical applications, challenges, and the life-cycle assessment (LCA) of MFCs. Despite the promising biotechnological development of MFCs, great efforts should be made to implement them in a real-time and commercially viable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilgince Apollon
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda El Canadá, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Majumdar R, Mishra U, Mahata N, Shah MP, Mondal A, Bhunia B. Preparation, characterization, and performance evaluation of composite films of polyvinyl alcohol/ cellulose nanofiber extracted from Imperata cylindrica. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139370. [PMID: 37402426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, production of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) from waste materials has achieved great interest owing to their renewable nature, biodegradability, high mechanical properties, economic value, and low density. Because Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic biopolymer with good water solubility and biocompatibility, the composite material formed of CNF and PVA, is a sustainable way of monetizing to address environmental and economic issues. In this work pure PVA, PVA/CNF0.5, PVA/CNF1.0, PVA/CNF1.5, and PVA/CNF2.0 nanocomposite films were produced using the solvent casting approach with the addition of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt% of CNF concentrations respectively. The strongest water absorption behaviour was found as 25.82% for pure PVA membrane, followed by PVA/CNF0.5 (20.71%), PVA/CNF1.0 (10.26%), PVA/CNF1.5 (9.63%), and PVA/CNF2.0 (4.35%). The water contact angle of 53.1°, 47.8°, 43.4°, 37.7°, and 32.3° was formed between water droplet and the solid-liquid interface of pure PVA, PVA/CNF0.5, PVA/CNF1.0, PVA/CNF1.5, PVA/CNF2.0 composite films respectively. The SEM image clearly shows that a network structure like a tree form at the PVA/CNF0.5 composite film, where the sizes and number of pores are apparent. XRD analysis suggested that unique peaks found at 2θ = 17.5°, 28.1°, 33.4°, and 38° for nanocomposites indicating new crystal plane generated upon cross-linking in presence of malic acid. The maximum loss rate temperature (Td,max) for PVA/CNF0.5, PVA/CNF1.0, PVA/CNF1.5 was determined by TG analysis to be around 273.4 °C. FTIR studies suggested that PVA/CNF0.5 composite film showed the highest peak at 1428 cm-1 as compared to other PVA/CNF composite films representing the presence of higher crystalline band in the composite film matrix. PVA/CNF0.5 composite film was found to have a surface porosity and mean pore size of 27.35% and 0.19 μm respectively, classifying it in the MF membrane category. The maximum tensile strength (TS) of 5.27 MPa was found for PVA/CNF0.5, followed by PVA/CNF1.0, PVA/CNF1.5, pure PVA, and PVA/CNF2.0. The maximum young's modulus (111 MPa) was found for PVA/CNF1.0, followed by PVA/CNF0.5, PVA/CNF2.0, PVA/CNF1.5, and pure PVA, which could be attributed to the cyclization of the molecular structures by cross-linking. PVA/CNF0.5 exhibits greater elongation at break (21.7) than the other polymers, indicating a material's ability to undergo significant deformation before failure. Performance evaluation of the PVA/CNF0.5 composite film showed that 46.3% and 92.8% yield were found in the retentate for 200 mg/L of BSA, and 5 × 107 CFU/mL respectively. However, more than 90% E. coli was retained by PVA/CNF0.5 composite film, therefore absolute rating of this membrane is 0.22 μm. The size of this composite film may be therefore considered in the range of MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Majumdar
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania, 799046, India.
| | - Umesh Mishra
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania, 799046, India.
| | - Nibedita Mahata
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, India.
| | - Maulin P Shah
- Industrial Wastewater Research Lab, Division of Applied & Environmental Microbiology, Enviro Technology Limited, Ankleshwar, Gujarat, India.
| | - Abhijit Mondal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, 823215, India.
| | - Biswanath Bhunia
- Department of Bio Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania, 799046, India.
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Wang CT, Ubando AT, Wan ML, Ong Tang RC. Optimal aeration area of cathode electrode in the batch type of microbial fuel cells with non-woven interface. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139257. [PMID: 37343634 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are based on the biochemical reaction of microorganisms to decompose organic wastewater for converting chemical energy into power energy. MFCs are considered an environmentally friendly technology that is gaining popularity due to their simultaneous digestion and energy production abilities. To enhance its real application in wastewater treatment, this study proposes to use a non-woven material for replacing the usage of expensive membranes in MFCs. In addition, the study aims to consider a series of different aeration areas of cathode electrodes for finding an optional design. Results have shown that the adoption of non-woven with 0.45 μm can effectively prohibit the diffusion of oxygen into the anode chamber. Moreover, the non-woven material played an important role as an interface between the anode and cathode, enhancing the MFC performance. The usage of suitable non-woven material can replace the role of the membrane when applied in real wastewater applications. The results have shown that the case study where a combination of a 50% aeration area of the cathode electrodes with 25% exposure of the cathode plate in the air yielded relatively better aeration in terms of a higher current density of 250 mA/m2, higher power density of 220 mW/m2, and higher open voltage circuit of 0.4 V, compared to other case studies considered. These results indicate the optimal aeration configuration for MFCs applied in commercial wastewater treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Tsan Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National I-Lan University, I Lan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Aristotle T Ubando
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Ave, 0922, Manila, Philippines; Thermomechanical Analysis Laboratory, De La Salle University, Laguna Campus, LTI Spine Road, Laguna Blvd, Biñan, Laguna, Philippines; Center for Engineering and Sustainable Development Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Ave, 0922, Manila, Philippines
| | - Min-Lun Wan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National I-Lan University, I Lan, Taiwan
| | - Raymond Chong Ong Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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BaTiO 3 Functional Perovskite as Photocathode in Microbial Fuel Cells for Energy Production and Wastewater Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041894. [PMID: 36838881 PMCID: PMC9964528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) provide new opportunities for the sustainable production of energy, converting organic matter into electricity through microorganisms. Moreover, MFCs play an important role in remediation of environmental pollutants from wastewater with power generation. This work focuses on the evaluation of ferroelectric perovskite materials as a new class of non-precious photocatalysts for MFC cathode construction. Nanoparticles of BaTiO3 (BT) were prepared and tested in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) as photocathode catalytic components. The catalyst phases were synthesized, identified and characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, P-E hysteresis and dielectric measurements. The maximum absorption of BT nanoparticles was recorded at 285 nm and the energy gap (Eg) was estimated to be 3.77 eV. Photocatalytic performance of cathodes coated with BaTiO3 was measured in a dark environment and then in the presence of a UV-visible (UV-Vis) light source, using a mixture of dairy industry and domestic wastewater as a feedstock for the MFCs. The performance of the BT cathodic component is strongly dependent on the presence of UV-Vis irradiation. The BT-based cathode functioning under UV-visible light improves the maximum power densities and the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the MFC system. The values increased from 64 mW m-2 to 498 mW m-2 and from 280 mV to 387 mV, respectively, showing that the presence of light effectively improved the photocatalytic activity of this ceramic. Furthermore, the MFCs operating under optimal conditions were able to reduce the chemical oxygen demand load in wastewater by 90% (initial COD = 2500 mg L-1).
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Bioenergy Generation and Wastewater Purification with Li0.95Ta0.76Nb0.19Mg0.15O3 as New Air-Photocathode for MFCs. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12111424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MFC is a promising technology that can be used for simultaneous electricity generation and wastewater treatment. Power energy generation of a ferroelectric cathodic ceramic, Li0.95Ta0.76Nb0.19Mg0.15O3 (LTNMg), has been measured in microbial fuel cells, integrating a single chamber fed by industrial wastewater (CODinitial = 471 mg L−1, and pHinitial = 7.24 at T = 27 °C). In this process, the mixed multicomponent oxide material has been prepared and characterized by XRD, PSD, TEM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The catalytic activity has been investigated by COD determination, analysis of heavy metals, and polarization measurement. The results show a high COD reduction efficiency, which reaches 95.70% after a working time of 168 h with a maximal power density of 228 mW m−2. In addition, the maximum value of generated voltage in the open-circuit potential (OCP) of this MFC configuration has been increased from 340 mV in the absence of a light source to 470 mV under irradiation, indicating the presence of a promoting photocatalytic effect of LTNMg, which improved the process of the cathodic electron transfer inside the MFC device.
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Tarasov S, Plekhanova Y, Kashin V, Gotovtsev P, Signore MA, Francioso L, Kolesov V, Reshetilov A. Gluconobacter Oxydans-Based MFC with PEDOT:PSS/Graphene/Nafion Bioanode for Wastewater Treatment. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090699. [PMID: 36140084 PMCID: PMC9496339 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a variety of bioelectrocatalytic devices that utilize the metabolism of microorganisms to generate electric energy from organic matter. This study investigates the possibility of using a novel PEDOT:PSS/graphene/Nafion composite in combination with acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter oxydans to create a pure culture MFC capable of effective municipal wastewater treatment. The developed MFC was shown to maintain its activity for at least three weeks. The level of COD in municipal wastewater treatment was reduced by 32%; the generated power was up to 81 mW/m2 with a Coulomb efficiency of 40%. Combining the MFC with a DC/DC boost converter increased the voltage generated by two series-connected MFCs from 0.55 mV to 3.2 V. A maximum efficiency was achieved on day 8 of MFC operation and was maintained for a week; capacitors of 6800 µF capacity were fully charged in ~7 min. Thus, G. oxydans cells can become an important part of microbial consortia in MFCs used for treatment of wastewaters with reduced pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Tarasov
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Yulia Plekhanova
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vadim Kashin
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Gotovtsev
- Biotechnology and Bioenergy Department, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Moscow Region, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Maria Assunta Signore
- CNR IMM, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Francioso
- CNR IMM, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Vladimir Kolesov
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly Reshetilov
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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