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Ruthvik S, John RS, George M, Kumar SP, Krishnan M. Comparison of Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma With and Without Topical Minoxidil for Hair Growth in Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia: A Prospective Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e53875. [PMID: 38465061 PMCID: PMC10924654 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Androgenetic pattern of alopecia is a common problem occurring in men, which mostly arises from their younger age. There are many therapies advocated in the literature for hair loss reduction, and one of them is platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of combined PRP therapy with topical minoxidil over PRP as monotherapy in hair loss reduction and regeneration of new hair. Materials and methods The study was conducted at our institute in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Saveetha Dental College and Hospital. The study consisted of 40 participants, 20 of whom had only PRP therapy as part of their treatment, while the other 20 participants received PRP combined with topical minoxidil as treatment. Both group participants were evaluated for postoperative hair shaft diameter and hair follicle density. Parameters were measured preoperatively and postoperatively after one month, two months, and three months. Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS, with P-values less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the two groups for measurement of hair shaft diameter, and for comparison between hair follicle density, an unpaired t-test was used. Results It was found that the mean hair shaft diameter in the PRP with minoxidil group was higher than that of the PRP group for one month (P = 0.023), two months (P = 0.001), and three months (P = 0.001) postoperative periods, and the results were statistically significant. Hair follicle density (mean hair quantity) was higher in the PRP group than in the PRP with the minoxidil group in the first postoperative month. However, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.08). While the mean hair quantity in the PRP with minoxidil group was higher than that in the PRP group for two months (P = 0.45) and three months (P = 0.001) postoperative periods, the results were statistically significant only at the three-month postoperative period. Conclusion It can be concluded that injectable autologous PRP with minoxidil as a topical agent is a better treatment option for the improvement of both hair quality (hair shaft diameter) and hair quantity (hair follicle density) compared to plain autologous injectable PRP monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soorumsetty Ruthvik
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Rubin S John
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Melvin George
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Santhosh P Kumar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Murugesan Krishnan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Zhang T, Xie Y, Li T, Deng Y, Wan Q, Bai T, Zhang Q, Cai Z, Chen M, Zhang J. Phytochemical analysis and hepatotoxicity assessment of braised Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Wen-He-Shou-Wu). Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5768. [PMID: 38087457 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is a medicinal herb commonly used in China and Eastern Asia. Recently, the discovery of hepatotoxicity in PMR has received considerable attention from scientists. Processing is a traditional Chinese medicine technique used for the effective reduction of toxicity. One uncommon technique is the braising method-also known as 'Wen-Fa' in Chinese-which is used to prepare tonics or poisonous medications. Braised PMR (BPMR)-also known as 'Wen-He-Shou-Wu'-is one of the processed products of the braising method. However, the non-volatile components of BPMR have not been identified and examined in detail, and therefore, the hepatotoxic advantage of BPMR remains unknown. In this study, we compared the microscopic characteristics of different samples in powder form using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), investigated the non-volatile components, assessed the effects of different processed PMR products on the liver, and compared the differences between BPMR and PMR Praeparata recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition). We found that the hepatotoxicity of BPMR was dramatically decreased, which may be related to an increase in polysaccharide content and a decrease in toxic substances. The present study provides an important foundation for future investigations of the processing mechanisms of BPMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yating Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaling Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Quan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingting Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Jianchangbang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing (Braising Method), Nanchang, China
| | - Zhongxi Cai
- Jianchangbang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing (Braising Method), Nanchang, China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- Jianchangbang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing (Braising Method), Nanchang, China
- Beijing Scrianen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jinlian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Low SWY, Lim RR, Grant DG, Patterson S, Chaurasia SS. New Insights into RPE-Photoreceptor Complex Ultrastructure using Focused Ion Beam-Scanning Election Microscopy (FIB-SEM). RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3200741. [PMID: 37609321 PMCID: PMC10441459 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3200741/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Photoreceptors in the retina are specialized neuronal cells that perceive light and play a central role in the visual system. Damage to photoreceptors is a clinical feature often associated with various retinal degenerative disorders. The photoreceptor bed comprises a unique extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold often described as the interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) in the subretinal space, vital during retinal development and homeostasis. In this study, we used focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to analyze the ultrastructural architecture of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE)-photoreceptor complex in mice. Additionally, we describe methods for retinal preparation in EM imaging. TEM images display ultrastructural retina layers, including Bruch's membrane and the interdigitation zone (IZ). The 3-dimensional reconstruction of the outer retina revealed individual photoreceptors, the connection between their inner and outer segment via the photoreceptor cilia, and photoreceptor interaction with the RPE ciliary processes. Our findings highlight the importance of FIB-SEM in deciphering the ultrastructural details of RPE-photoreceptor interactions in the IPM complex which are essential for the maintenance of retinal architecture.
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Ishida-Yamamoto A, Yamanishi H, Igawa S, Kishibe M, Kusumi S, Watanabe T, Koga D. Secretion Bias of Lamellar Granules Revealed by Three-Dimensional Electron Microscopy. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1310-1312.e3. [PMID: 37059354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Satomi Igawa
- Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Mari Kishibe
- Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kusumi
- Division of Morphological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koga
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Biochemical Interactions through Microscopic Techniques: Structural and Molecular Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142853. [PMID: 35890632 PMCID: PMC9318543 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many researchers and scientists have contributed significantly to provide structural and molecular characterizations of biochemical interactions using microscopic techniques in the recent decade, as these biochemical interactions play a crucial role in the production of diverse biomaterials and the organization of biological systems. The properties, activities, and functionalities of the biomaterials and biological systems need to be identified and modified for different purposes in both the material and life sciences. The present study aimed to review the advantages and disadvantages of three main branches of microscopy techniques (optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy) developed for the characterization of these interactions. First, we explain the basic concepts of microscopy and then the breadth of their applicability to different fields of research. This work could be useful for future research works on biochemical self-assembly, biochemical aggregation and localization, biological functionalities, cell viability, live-cell imaging, material stability, and membrane permeability, among others. This understanding is of high importance in rapid, inexpensive, and accurate analysis of biochemical interactions.
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Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy reveals distinct mesenchymal morphology in human anagen hair follicles. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 106:123-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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