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Wang R, Zhang S, Zhang X, Liu Q. Preparation of hydrophobic layered double hydroxide-based composite pigments via octyltriethoxysilane surface modification for cosmetic applications. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9406-9415. [PMID: 38757980 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00531g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Pigments play a pivotal role in the cosmetic industry, in which the development of pigments with concurrent color diversity, hydrophobicity, biocompatibility and photostability remains a great challenge. Herein, we report organic-inorganic composite pigments synthesized via a combination of organic dye anions (Ponceau SX and acid green (AG)), layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and octyltriethoxysilane (OTEOS) (denoted as O/Dye-LDHs: O/SX-LDHs and O/AG-LDHs).The prepared composite pigments were characterized via a comprehensive investigation based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS-mapping), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, CIE 1976 L*a*b* color scales, static contact angle measurement and HET-CAM assay. The results confirm the successful intercalation of organic dye anions into the interlayer region of LDHs via host-guest interactions and the surface modification of OTEOS on the layer surface, forming a new kind of hydrophobic organic-inorganic composite pigment with a sandwich structure. LDH layer protection and OTEOS coating play crucial roles in the high photostability, good hydrophobicity and satisfactory biocompatibility of pigments. In addition, O/Dye-LDHs exhibit rich color and color adjustability. Impressively, we applied mixture composite pigments with different O/SX-LDH-to-O/AG-LDH ratios to formulate an eye shadow cream, which present a series of popular and natural colours with water resistance to enhance one's attractiveness and appearance. This work provides a promising strategy for the design of safe and efficient composite pigments, demonstrating their potential application in the field of makeup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qi Liu
- Beijing EWISH Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
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2
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Kozłowska M, Lipińska M, Okraska M, Pietrasik J. Polypropylene Color Masterbatches Containing Layered Double Hydroxide Modified with Quinacridone and Phthalocyanine Pigments-Rheological, Thermal and Application Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6243. [PMID: 37763521 PMCID: PMC10532881 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Polypropylene color masterbatches containing modified layered double hydroxides, LDHs, were created. The simple, industry-acceptable method of LDH surface modification with quinacridone and phthalocyanine pigments using the pulverization method in ball mills was applied. It was reported that the modification parameters such as time and rotational speed affected the tendency to create the aggregates for modified fillers. TGA analysis of the modified LDH showed that modification with phthalocyanine pigment shifted the temperature at which 5%, T5%, and 10% of mass loss, T10%, occurred compared with that for unmodified LDH. The viscoelastic properties of prepared masterbatches were investigated. The incorporation of the modified fillers instead of neat pigments led to an increase in the loss shear modulus, G″, indicating a stronger influence on the dissipation of energy by the melted masterbatch. The similar values of tan, δ, were determined for melted masterbatches containing phthalocyanine pigment and green modified LDH filler. The incorporation of both LDHs modified by phthalocyanine and quinacridone pigment fillers slightly increased the zero-shear viscosity, η0, compared with that of the masterbatches based on the neat pigments. The Cole-Cole plots and the analysis of the Maxwell and continuous relaxation models showed that modified colored LDH fillers facilitated the relaxation of the melted masterbatch, and shorter relaxation times were observed. The phthalocyanine-modified LDH filler improved the thermal stability of the masterbatches. Additionally, the impact of pigments and modified, colored LDH on the crystallization of polypropylene was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Lipińska
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.K.); (M.O.); (J.P.)
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3
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López-Rodríguez D, Micó-Vicent B, Jordán-Núñez J, Montava-Seguí I, Bou-Belda E. Complete Desorption of Hybrid Nanoclays Composed of Hydrotalcite and Disperse Dye. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10950. [PMID: 37446126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Clays are considered great nanoadsorbents for many materials, including textile dyes. The use of these materials for cleaning textile wastewater is well known; however, it is not at all common to find applications for the hybrid materials formed from the clay and dye. In this work, a dye-loaded clay material was used to make new dye baths and colour a polyester textile substrate. The same hybrid could be used several times as it did not use all the adsorbed dye in a single dyeing. The hybrid obtained from hydrotalcite (nanoclay) and the dispersed red 1 dye was analysed by measuring the colour obtained, carrying out an X-ray diffraction analysis that provided information after each desorption-dyeing process, and using infrared spectroscopy to analyse the specific bands of each characteristic group. Both analyses showed that the amount of dye present in the hybrid decreases. Thermogravimetry (TGA), surface area and porosity measurements (BET), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) tests were conducted. Chemical stability was assessed by subjecting the hybrid to the actions of different reagents. In addition, colour fastness tests were carried out after dyeing and washing the polyester test tubes to check for the correct fixing of the dye to the fibre. These fastness results showed that the dyeing was carried out correctly and as if it was a conventional dyeing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel López-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n, CP 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Bàrbara Micó-Vicent
- Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n, CP 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Jorge Jordán-Núñez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n, CP 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Ignacio Montava-Seguí
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n, CP 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Eva Bou-Belda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n, CP 03801 Alcoy, Spain
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4
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Layered Copper Hydroxide Salts as Catalyst for the “Click” Reaction and Their Application in Methyl Orange Photocatalytic Discoloration. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The 1,2,3-triazoles are an important class of organic compounds that are found in a variety of biologically active compounds. The most usual and efficient methodology to synthetize these compounds is the Copper-catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC), preferably by use of click chemistry principles. Therefore, the development of simple, robust, easily accessible and efficient materials as catalysts for this kind of reaction is highly desirable. In this sense, layered hydroxide salts (LHS) emerge as an interesting alternative for the click reaction. Thus, we describe herein the preparation and characterization of copper (II) layered hydroxide salts and their application as catalysts for the CuAAC reaction under solvent-free conditions. This synthetic methodology of CuAAC reaction is attractive as it follows several concepts of green chemistry, such as being easy to perform, allowing purification without chromatographic column, the process forming no sub-products, affording the desired 1,2,3-traizoles in the specific 1,4-disubstituted position in high yield, and having a short reaction time. Moreover, the photocatalysis for the degradation of methyl orange was also highly efficient using the same catalyst.
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5
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Facile and rapid synthesis of novel hybrid pigments and their application as colorants in high-performance polymer. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Szadkowski B, Rogowski J, Maniukiewicz W, Beyou E, Marzec A. New natural organic–inorganic pH indicators: Synthesis and characterization of pro-ecological hybrid pigments based on anthraquinone dyes and mineral supports. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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7
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Huang H, Xia C, Liang D, Li Z, Wang H, Dou Z, Yang J, Zhao S, Tang M, Zhang Q, Meng Z. Comparative study of removing anionic contaminants by layered double hydroxides with different paths. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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8
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Investigation into the Effect of Spinel Pigments on the Photostability and Combustion Properties of Ethylene-Norbornene Copolymer. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14144050. [PMID: 34300972 PMCID: PMC8305166 DOI: 10.3390/ma14144050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Multicolor ethylene-norbornene (EN) composites filled with three different spinel pigments (Cobalt Green-PG50, Zinc Iron Yellow-PY 119, Praseodym Yellow-PY159) were prepared by melt mixing and characterized in terms of their stability under destructive environmental conditions. The EN films were subjected to accelerated aging by ultraviolet (UV) photooxidation for 300 h, 600 h, or 900 h. The mechanical performance of the EN composites was investigated in static and dynamic mechanical tests. The morphologies of the EN samples and their color changes during the aging process were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectrophotometric measurements. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to determine the amount of carbonyl groups resulting from surface oxidation at different aging times. The effects of the spinel pigments on the thermal stability and combustion properties of the multicolor polymer composites were also assessed, and compared with a sample containing the organic Pigment Yellow 139 (PY139). The results show that the color changes (ΔE) in the spinel pigments were minor in comparison to those in the organic pigment (PY139) and the reference film. The Zinc Yellow (PY119) pigment was the most effective stabilizer of EN copolymer. Moreover, the spinel pigments had a positive effect on the flame retardancy of the EN composites. Microcombustion tests (MCC) showed that the incorporation of both the spinels and the organic pigment PY139 into the EN matrix reduced the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) parameters.
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Li S, Mu B, Dong W, Liang O, Shao S, Wang A. Incorporation of Lutein on Layered Double Hydroxide for Improving the Environmental Stability. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051231. [PMID: 32182848 PMCID: PMC7179472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To overcome the poor stability of natural lutein to environmental factors, layered double hydroxide was incorporated by a green mechanical grinding process. The influences of external factors (chemical reagents, heating and light) on the stability of lutein before and after being loaded were evaluated. The results confirmed that lutein was mainly adsorbed on the surface of layered double hydroxide (LDH) via the chemical interaction. Compared with pure lutein, the thermal decomposition of lutein/LDH was improved from 100 °C to 300 °C, and the retention ratio of lutein was increased by about 8.64% and 21.47% after 96 h of light exposure and accelerated degradation, respectively. It is expected that the stable lutein/LDH composites may constitutean additive in animal feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shue Li
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.L.); (W.D.); (O.L.); (S.S.)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi 211700, China
| | - Bin Mu
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.L.); (W.D.); (O.L.); (S.S.)
- Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi 211700, China
- Correspondence: (B.M.); (A.W.); Tel.: +86-931-4868118 (A.W.); Fax: +86-931-4968019 (A.W.)
| | - Wenkai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.L.); (W.D.); (O.L.); (S.S.)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi 211700, China
| | - Oing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.L.); (W.D.); (O.L.); (S.S.)
- Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi 211700, China
| | - Shijun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.L.); (W.D.); (O.L.); (S.S.)
- Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi 211700, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (S.L.); (W.D.); (O.L.); (S.S.)
- Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi 211700, China
- Correspondence: (B.M.); (A.W.); Tel.: +86-931-4868118 (A.W.); Fax: +86-931-4968019 (A.W.)
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10
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de Castro Silva F, Brandão Lima LC, Silva-Filho EC, Fonseca MG, Jaber M. Through alizarin-hectorite pigments: Influence of organofunctionalization on fading. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Marzec A, Szadkowski B, Rogowski J, Maniukiewicz W, Rybiński P, Prochoń M. New Organic/Inorganic Pigments Based on Azo Dye and Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonates with Various Mg/Al Ratios. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12081349. [PMID: 31027185 PMCID: PMC6515457 DOI: 10.3390/ma12081349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study set out to investigate the impact of aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonates (LHs) with various Mg/Al ratios on the formation of hybrid pigments. The colorants were also evaluated for their flame-retardant properties. In the first part of the study, the hybrid pigments were submitted to comprehensive characterization using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), 27Al solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and N2 adsorption as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/STEM). The relationship between the Mg/Al ratios of the LH carriers and the formation of lake pigments was explored. The TOF-SIMS spectrum of LH modified with azo chromophore (AC) showed an intense peak for the C19H15O5N2Mg+ ion, confirming metal-dye interactions. Incorporation of the organic colorant into the LH host enhanced its resistance to dissolution in organic solvent (butyl acetate), as well as improving its color stability under elevated temperatures. The second part of the study evaluated the flammability of ethylene-norbornene (EN) composites, in which the pigments had been applied as colorants. Cone calorimetry revealed that addition of the organic-inorganic pigments resulted in a substantial improvement of the flame retardancy, reflected by the decreased values of the heat release rate (HRRMAX) and total heat release parameter (THR) of the EN composites in comparison to a neat sample (unfilled EN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marzec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bolesław Szadkowski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Rogowski
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Rybiński
- Department of Management and Environmental Protection, Jan Kochanowski University, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Mirosława Prochoń
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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12
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Marzec A, Szadkowski B. Improved Aging Stability of Ethylene-Norbornene Composites Filled with Lawsone-Based Hybrid Pigment. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040723. [PMID: 31010266 PMCID: PMC6523681 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we produced a new organic-inorganic hybrid pigment based on a natural chromophore. Lawsone was selected as the active organic compound and incorporated into aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate (LH). The hydroxynaphthoquinone derivative lawsone (Lawsonia inermis L.) is a naturally occurring dye, which is commonly used as a colorant because of its nontoxicity and biological functions. The structure and stability of the hybrid colorant were investigated using 27-Al solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. TOF-SIMS and 27Al NMR spectroscopy revealed interactions between the dye molecules and metal ions present in the LH host, confirming successful formation of an LH-based hybrid (LH/lawsone). In the next part of the study, we examined the effect of the hybrid pigment on the mechanical and thermal properties of ethylene-norbornene (EN) materials, as well as the aging resistance of the colored composites to irradiation across the full solar spectrum. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the results of tensile break tests revealed that the EN+LH/lawsone composite had significantly better resistance to solar irradiation in comparison to EN and EN with an unmodified carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marzec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bolesław Szadkowski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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13
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Marzec A, Szadkowski B, Rogowski J, Maniukiewicz W, Zaborski M. Characterization and Structure⁻Property Relationships of Organic⁻Inorganic Hybrid Composites Based on Aluminum⁻Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate and Azo Chromophore. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050880. [PMID: 30832297 PMCID: PMC6429098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, novel organic⁻inorganic composites were prepared by the complexation of dicarboxylic azo dye (AD) with aluminum⁻magnesium hydroxycarbonate (AlMg⁻LH). This procedure provides an effective method for the stabilization of dicarboxylic organic chromophores on an AlMg-LH host. The structures of the hybrid composites were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), 27-Al solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The TOF-SIMS method was applied to investigate the metal⁻dye interactions and to monitor the thermal stability of the organic⁻inorganic complexes. Secondary ion mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of a characteristic peak for C18H10O₅N₂Mg₂2+, indicating that both carboxylic groups interacted with AlMg-LH by forming complexes with two Mg2+ ions. Modification with hybrid pigments affected the crystal structure of the AlMg-LH mineral, as shown by the appearance of new peaks on the X-ray diffraction patterns. Adsorption of the dicarboxylic chromophore not only led to significantly enhanced solvent resistance but also improved the thermal and photostability of the hybrid pigments. We propose a possible arrangement of the azo dye in the inorganic matrix, as well as the presumed mechanism of stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marzec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bolesław Szadkowski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Rogowski
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marian Zaborski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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14
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Marzec A, Szadkowski B, Rogowski J, Maniukiewicz W, Moszyński D, Rybiński P, Zaborski M. Carminic Acid Stabilized with Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate as New Colorant Reducing Flammability of Polymer Composites. Molecules 2019; 24:E560. [PMID: 30717480 PMCID: PMC6385025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, hybrid pigments based on carminic acid (CA) were synthesized and applied in polymer materials. Modification of aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate (LH) with CA transformed the soluble chromophore into an organic-inorganic hybrid colorant. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to study the structure, composition, and morphology of the insoluble LH/CA colorant. Successful modification of the LH was confirmed by the presence of interactions between the LH matrix and molecules of CA. XPS analysis corroborated the presence of CA complexes with Mg2+ ions in the LH host. The batochromic shift in UV-Vis spectra of the organic-inorganic hybrid colorant was attributed to metal-dye interactions in the organic-inorganic hybrid colorants. Strong metal-dye interactions may also be responsible for the improved solvent resistance and chromostability of the modified LH. In comparison to uncolored ethylene-norbornene copolymer (EN), a modified EN sample containing LH/CA pigment showed lower heat release rate (HRR) and reduced total heat release (THR), providing the material with enhanced flame retardancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marzec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bolesław Szadkowski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Rogowski
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Moszyński
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Rybiński
- Department of Management and Environmental Protection, Jan Kochanowski University, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Marian Zaborski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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15
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Marzec A, Szadkowski B, Rogowski J, Maniukiewicz W, Szynkowska MI, Zaborski M. Characteristics of Hybrid Pigments Made from Alizarin Dye on a Mixed Oxide Host. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12030360. [PMID: 30678370 PMCID: PMC6385108 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the fabrication of a new hybrid pigment made from 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone (alizarin) on a mixed oxide host (aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate, LH). Various tools were applied to better understand the interactions between the organic (alizarin) and inorganic (LH) components, including ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS), 27-Aluminm solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TOF-SIMS showed that modification of the LH had been successful and revealed the presence of characteristic ions C14H₇O₄Mg⁺ and C14H₆O₅Al-, suggesting interactions between the organic chromophore and both metal ions present in the mixed oxide host. Interactions were also observed between Al3+ ions and Alizarin molecules in 27Al NMR spectra, with a chemical shift detected in the case of the modified LH matrix. Any changes in color following reactions with Mg2+ and Al3+ ions were observed. Some of the physicochemical properties of alizarin, such as resistance to dissolution and color stability at elevated temperatures, were improved in comparison to the pure dye. This effect can be attributed to strong dye-LH interactions and the effective transformation of alizarin into an insoluble form. Moreover, the pigments exhibited higher thermal resistance and greater color stability in comparison to commercially available alizarin lakes (Alizarin Crimson).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marzec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bolesław Szadkowski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Rogowski
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Iwona Szynkowska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marian Zaborski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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Szadkowski B, Marzec A, Rybiński P, Maniukiewicz W, Zaborski M. Aluminum-Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate/Azo Dye Hybrids as Novel Multifunctional Colorants for Elastomer Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 11:E43. [PMID: 30960027 PMCID: PMC6401992 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the preparation and characterization of new organic-inorganic pigments based on aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate (LH) and azo dyes. Solvent resistance studies, XRD, SEM, and TGA confirmed the successful formation of hybrid pigments, which were characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties. The new hybrid pigments were applied in acrylonitrile-butadiene (NBR) and ethylene-propylene (EPM) rubber composites and cured with sulfur and peroxide curing systems, respectively. The mechanical properties, dispersion quality, and flame-retardant properties of the NBR/hybrid and EPM/hybrid pigment composites were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), SEM, and microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC). Complex experimental investigations revealed that the layered nature of hybrid pigments could improve the barrier ability and flame retardancy of elastomer composites. In comparison to unmodified aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate, the modified LH dye structures contributed to significantly decrease the heat release rate and the total heat release of the NBR and EPM composites, offering a new approach to imparting low flammability to elastomer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolesław Szadkowski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Marzec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Rybiński
- Department of Environmental Protection and Modeling, The Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marian Zaborski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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