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Qiao C, Sun G, Li H, Cao W, Shen F, Fan R, Wan Y. Fractionation and characterization of poly(β-L-malic acid) produced by Aureobasidium melanogenum ipe-1. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124720. [PMID: 37182630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Poly (β-L-malic acid) (PMLA) is attracting industrial interest for its potential application in medicine and other industries, whose functions primarily depend upon its molecular size and chemical structure. Up to now, the fractionation and characterization of PMLA produced by Aureobasidium spp. were still unclear. In this study, the product from A. melanogenum ipe-1 was effectively fractionated using 300 and 50 kDa membranes. During the filtration, the mechanisms of membrane fouling were illegible since the PMLA can both reject and permeate the membrane, while the main fouling mechanism varied between standard blocking and complete blocking during the diafiltration. After fractionation, 14.0, 8.4 and 77.6 % of the PMLAs with Mws of 75,134, 21,344 and 10,056 Da were distributed in the 300 kDa retentate after diafiltrating, 50 kDa retentate after diafiltrating, and the 50 kDa permeate, respectively. The Mw/Mns of the PMLAs were 4.12, 1.92, and 1.12 in the three fractions. Based on characteristic spectra of NMR, HPLC and FTIR, the product was not usual L-malic acid monomers, but glucose-terminated PMLA. The glucose was located at the terminal hydroxyl of PMLA. These results would serve as a valuable guide for process design and practical operation in subsequent industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Qiao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Guohang Sun
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongbao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weifeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinhua Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Fouling of the Nanofiltration Membrane NF270 Used for Separation of Fermentation Broths: Impact of Feed Pretreatment Process. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings regarding nanofiltration (NF) have led to indications that it can be successfully used for separation of various biological solutions. As a novelty, this paper is the first to investigate the impact of the feed pretreatment process on the NF membrane performance used for separation of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) fermentation broths. For this purpose, prior to the NF process, the feed was purified by microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) processes. Subsequently, the long-term NF process was carried out with the use of a commercial, flat-sheet, thin-film, polyamide NF270 nanofiltration membrane. Thereinto, to determine the dominant fouling mechanism, Hermia’s model was used. With regards to the pretreatment processes performed, it has been determined that the MF membrane (0.14 µm) provided the reduction in the number of bacteria cells present in the permeate, while the UF membrane (450 Da) allowed obtaining the sterile permeate. Consequently, the NF permeate flux for the UF permeate was significantly higher. Analysis of the fouling mechanisms showed that during the separation of the MF permeate, formation of a cake layer on the NF membrane surface was dominant. In turn, with regards to the UF permeate, membrane blocking occurred in two separate phases involving standard blocking and then cake layer formation. Finally, a strategy of NF membrane cleaning with the use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution has been proposed.
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Tomczak W. The Application of the Nanofiltration Membrane NF270 for Separation of Fermentation Broths. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1263. [PMID: 36557170 PMCID: PMC9781066 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The potential for nanofiltration (NF) in removing both relatively low molecular weight (MW) organic species and charged solutes from complex media is noteworthy. The main aim of the current work was to improve understanding of the separation mechanisms of fermentation broths components in the NF process. For this purpose, the experimental investigations were performed using the commercial polyamide NF270 membrane. The feed solution was ultrafiltered 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) broths. The separation results were analyzed and discussed in light of the detailed characteristics of both the membrane and the broth components. It has been noted that the membrane ensured the complete 1,3-PD permeability and significant rejection of some feed components. A thorough analysis showed that the retention of carboxylic acids was based on both the Donnan effect and sieve mechanism, according to the following order: succinic acid > lactic acid > acetic acid > formic acid. Indeed, acids retention increased with increasing charged acids ions valency, Stokes radius (rS) as well as MW, and decreasing diffusion coefficient (D). In turn, for ions, the following orders retention was determined: SO42− = PO43− > Cl− and Ca2+ > Na+ > NH4+ ~ K+. It indicated that the ions retention increased with increasing ions charge density, hydrated radius (rH), and hydration energy (Eh). It showed that the separation of the ions was based on the Donnan exclusion, sieving effect, and dielectric exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wirginia Tomczak
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Xu Y, Cao W, Cui J, Shen F, Luo J, Wan Y. Developing a sustainable process for the cleaner production of baker's yeast: An approach towards waste management by an integrated fermentation and membrane separation process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 323:116197. [PMID: 36126591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Baker's yeast industries generate highly polluted effluents, especially the cell free broth (i.e., vinasse) characterized by high chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and salts. In this work, it was found that the residual by-products (i.e., ethanol and acetic acid) and salts in the vinasse severely inhibited the cell growth, which hindered the reuse of the vinasse for the production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Through optimizing a suitable control strategy, the productions of ethanol and acetic acid were eliminated. Then, a nanofiltration membrane (i.e., NF5) was preferred for preliminarily and simultaneously separating and concentrating valuable molecules (i.e., invertase, food grade proteins and pigments) in the vinasse, and the main fouling mechanism was cake layer formation. Subsequently, a reverse osmosis membrane (RO) was suitable to separate and concentrate salts in the NF5 permeate, where the membrane fouling was negligible. Finally, the RO permeate was successfully reused for the production of S. cerevisiae. In addition, without calculating the benefit from the recovery of the valuable molecules, the cost of the integrated process can be decreased by 59.8% compared with the sole triple effect evaporation. Meanwhile, the volume of the fresh water used in the fermentation process can be decreased by 68.8%. Thus, it is a sustainable process for the cleaner production of baker's yeast using the integrated fermentation and membrane separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Weifeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jiandong Cui
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianqun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinhua Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Zhang J, Yuan M, Jia C. Efficient adsorption separation of succinic acid with a novel resin derived from styrene/methyl acrylate/vinyl acetate terpolymer. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Suo Y, Ren Y. Research on the mechanism of nanofiltration membrane fouling in zero discharge process of high salty wastewater from coal chemical industry. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Szczygiełda M, Krajewska M, Zheng L, Nghiem LD, Prochaska K. Implementation of forward osmosis to concentrate alpha-ketoglutaric acid from fermentation broth: Performance and fouling analysis. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Simonič M, Pintarič ZN. Study of Acid Whey Fouling after Protein Isolation Using Nanofiltration. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:492. [PMID: 34208948 PMCID: PMC8307144 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, nanofiltration (NF) of acid whey after isolation of proteins was studied. Two membranes were tested: NF-99 (Alfa Laval) and DL (Osmonic Desal). Based on previous measurements that determined the highest efficiency in separating lactic acid and lactose whey, the pH was adjusted to 3. First, the most appropriate transmembrane pressure (TMP) was determined based on the highest flux measured. The TMP range was 5-25 bar for the DL membrane and 10-30 bar for the NF-99 membrane. The temperature was kept at 4 °C using a thermostat. The mechanisms of membrane fouling were investigated. The Hermia models and the modified Tansel model were applied to study the fouling mechanism and to determine which membrane would foul earlier and more severely, respectively. The most suitable TMP was determined at 20 bar. Despite the 1.4 times higher flux of the sample at DL, the fouling rate was higher when NF-99 was used. The results showed that the Tansel model is suitable for predicting the fouling time of protein-isolated whey by nanofiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjana Simonič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
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Membrane Purification Techniques for Recovery of Succinic Acid Obtained from Fermentation Broth during Bioconversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass: Current Advances and Future Perspectives. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13126794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the bioconversion of biomass into biofuels and biocommodities has received significant attention. Although green technologies for biofuel and biocommodity production are advancing, the productivity and yield from these techniques are low. Over the past years, various recovery and purification techniques have been developed and successfully employed to improve these technologies. However, these technologies still require improvement regarding the energy-consumption-related costs, low yield and product purity. In the context of sustainable green production, this review presents a broad review of membrane purification technologies/methods for succinic acid, a biocommodity obtained from lignocellulosic biomass. In addition, a short overview of the global market for sustainable green chemistry and circular economy systems or zero waste approach towards a sustainable waste management is presented. Succinic acid, the available feedstocks for its production and its industrial applications are also highlighted. Downstream separation processes of succinic acid and the current studies on different downstream processing techniques are critically reviewed. Furthermore, critical analysis of membrane-based downstream processes of succinic acid production from fermentation broth is highlighted. A short review of the integrated-membrane-based process is discussed, as well, because integrating “one-pot” lignocellulosic bioconversion to succinic acid with downstream separation processing is considered a critical issue to address. In conclusion, speculations on outlook are suggested.
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Szczygiełda M, Prochaska K. Effective separation of bio-based alpha-ketoglutaric acid from post-fermentation broth using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (EDBM) and fouling analysis. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Vinasse treatment using hybrid tannin-based Coagulation-Microfiltration-Nanofiltration processes: Potential energy recovery, technical and economic feasibility assessment. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Downstream separation and purification of bio-based alpha-ketoglutaric acid from post-fermentation broth using a multi-stage membrane process. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Xiao Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Gao B, Chang J, Zhu D. Two-Stage Crystallization Combining Direct Succinimide Synthesis for the Recovery of Succinic Acid From Fermentation Broth. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:471. [PMID: 32010679 PMCID: PMC6974449 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinic acid is an important chemical and raw material widely used in medicine, food, biodegradable materials, fine chemicals, and other industrial fields. However, traditional methods for purifying succinic acid from fermentation broth are costly, poorly efficient, and harmful to the environment. In this study, an efficient method for purifying succinic acid from the fermentation broth of Escherichia coli NZN111 was developed through crystallization and co-crystallization with urea. First, the filtrate was collected by filtering the fermentation broth, and pH was adjusted to 2.0 by supplementing sulfuric acid. Crystallization was carried out at 8°C for 4 h to obtain succinic acid crystals. The recovery rate and purity of succinic acid were 73.4% and over 99%, respectively. Then, urea was added to the remaining solution with a mass ratio of urea to residual succinic acid of 4:1 (m urea /m SA ). The second crystallization was carried out at pH 2 and 4°C for 12 h to obtain succinic acid-urea co-crystal. The recovery rate of succinic acid residue was 92.0%. The succinic acid-urea crystal was further mixed with phosphorous acid (4.2% of the mass of succinic acid co-crystal) and maintained at 195°C for 6 h to synthesize succinimide, and the yield was >80%. This novel and efficient purification process was characterized by the significantly reduced urea consumption, and high succinic acid recovery (totally 95%), and high succinimide synthesis yield (80%). Thus, this study potentially provided a novel and efficient strategy for the industrial production of succinic acid and succinimide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Boliang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Du Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Sun W, Hu Y, Tang H. Membrane technologies for Li+/Mg2+ separation from salt-lake brines and seawater: A comprehensive review. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Assessment of the Total Volume Membrane Charge Density through Mathematical Modeling for Separation of Succinic Acid Aqueous Solutions on Ceramic Nanofiltration Membrane. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7090559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanofiltration of aqueous solutions of succinic acid with the addition of sodium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxycarbonate has been investigated experimentally and modeled with the comprehensively described Donnan–Steric partitioning model. The experimental retentions of acid at the same pH varied between 16% and 78%, while the estimated total volume membrane charge densities were in the range of −35.73 and +875.69 mol/m3. This work presents a novel insight into the modeling of nanofiltration and investigates the relations between the estimated total volume membrane charge densities, ionic strength, and component concentration on the performance of ceramic membrane. In addition, this study takes into consideration other parameters such as pH regulation and viscosities of solutions.
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