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Rani K, Pal A, Gurnani B, Agarwala P, Sasmal DK, Jain N. An Innate Host Defense Protein β 2-Microglobulin Keeps a Check on α-Synuclein amyloid Assembly: Implications in Parkinson's Disease. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168285. [PMID: 37741548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid formation due to protein misfolding has gained significant attention due to its association with neurodegenerative diseases. α-Synuclein (α-syn) is one such protein that undergoes a profound conformational switch to form higher order cross-β-sheet structures, resulting in amyloid formation, which is linked to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). The present status of research on α-syn aggregation and PD reveals that the disease progression may be linked with many other diseases, such as kidney-related disorders. Unraveling the link between PD and non-neurological diseases may help in early detection and a better understanding of PD progression. Herein, we investigated the modulation of α-syn in the presence of β2-microglobulin (β2m), a structural protein associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis. We took a multi-disciplinary approach to establish that β2m mitigates amyloid formation by α-syn. Our fluorescence, microscopy and toxicity data demonstrated that sub-stoichiometric ratio of β2m drives α-syn into off-pathway non-toxic aggregates incompetent of transforming into amyloids. Using AlphaFold2 and all-atom MD simulation, we showed that the β-strand segments (β1 and β2) of α-synuclein, which frequently engage in interactions within amyloid fibrils, interact with the last β-strand at the C-terminal of β2m. The outcome of this study will unravel the yet unknown potential linkage of PD with kidney-related disorders. Insights from the cross-talk between two amyloidogenic proteins will lead to early diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches for treating Parkinson's disease. Finally, disruption of the nucleation process of α-syn amyloids by targeting the β1-β2 region will constitute a potential therapeutic approach for inhibiting amyloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Rani
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Nagaur Road, Karwar 342030, Rajasthan, India. https://twitter.com/khushboo251995
| | - Arumay Pal
- School of Bioengineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India. https://twitter.com/Arumay_Pal
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Nagaur Road, Karwar 342030, Rajasthan, India. https://twitter.com/bgurnani05
| | - Pratibha Agarwala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Nagaur Road, Karwar 342030, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dibyendu K Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Nagaur Road, Karwar 342030, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neha Jain
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Nagaur Road, Karwar 342030, Rajasthan, India; Centre for Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Development (CETSD), Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Nagaur Road, Karwar 342030, Rajasthan, India.
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Use of Cysteamine and Glutaraldehyde Chemicals for Robust Functionalization of Substrates with Protein Biomarkers—An Overview on the Construction of Biosensors with Different Transductions. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080581. [PMID: 36004978 PMCID: PMC9406156 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, several biosensors are reported to confirm the absence/presence of an abnormal level of specific human biomarkers in research laboratories. Unfortunately, public marketing and/or pharmacy accessibility are not yet possible for many bodily fluid biomarkers. The questions are numerous, starting from the preparation of the substrates, the wet/dry form of recognizing the (bio)ligands, the exposure time, and the choice of the running buffers. In this context, for the first time, the present overview summarizes the pre-functionalization of standard and nanostructured solid/flexible supports with cysteamine (Cys) and glutaraldehyde (GA) chemicals for robust protein immobilization and detection of biomarkers in body fluids (serum, saliva, and urine) using three transductions: piezoelectrical, electrochemical, and optical, respectively. Thus, the reader can easily access and compare step-by-step conjugate protocols published over the past 10 years. In conclusion, Cys/GA chemistry seems widely used for electrochemical sensing applications with different types of recorded signals, either current, potential, or impedance. On the other hand, piezoelectric detection via quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and optical detection by surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)/surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are ultrasensitive platforms and very good candidates for the miniaturization of medical devices in the near future.
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Advanced Glycation End Products Are Associated with Diabetes Status and Physical Functions in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153032. [PMID: 35893886 PMCID: PMC9330730 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycated end products (AGEs) accumulate systemically and cause diabetes complications. However, whether noninvasive measurable AGEs are associated with diabetes status and physical functions remains unclear. One hundred and ten patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) who underwent outpatient cardiac rehabilitation were included. AGEs scores, using AGEs sensors, were evaluated concomitantly with a physical evaluation, including testing the isometric knee extension strength (IKES) and 6 min walking distance (6MWD). Thirty-three (30%) patients had a history of diabetes mellitus (DM). The AGEs score was not different in the presence of DM history (0.52 ± 0.09 vs. 0.51 ± 0.09, p = 0.768) and was not correlated with blood glucose (r = 0.001, p = 0.995). The AGEs score was positively correlated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, r = 0.288, p = 0.004) and negatively correlated with physical functions (IKES, r = −0.243, p = 0.011; 6MWD, r = −0.298, p = 0.002). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that 6MWD was independently associated with a high AGEs score (>0.52). The AGEs score was associated with HbA1c, IKES, and 6MWD in patients with CVD. The AGEs score might be a useful indicator for evaluating not only glycemic control but also physical functions.
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Yamaguchi H, Nagai M, Sugawa H, Yasuda H, Nagai R. Development of a conventional immunochemical detection system for determination of N δ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolone-2-yl)-ornithine in methylglyoxal-modified proteins. Glycoconj J 2020; 38:293-301. [PMID: 33241449 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) produced during glycolysis is known to react with arginine residues on proteins to generate advanced glycation end products, such as Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolone-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1). Since the production of MGO is increased during hyperglycemia or metabolic disorders in vivo, it is considered that the measurement of MG-H1 is useful for evaluating abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism. Thus, we prepared a monoclonal antibody against MG-H1 to develop a conventional measurement system for MG-H1. Reactivity and specificity of the antibody to MGO-modified protein were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting, respectively. The measurement of MG-H1 content by the antibody was positively correlated with that by electrospray ionization-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and the ratio of modified arginine residues by amino acid analysis. Our results demonstrated that immunochemical methods could be useful for the estimation of MG-H1 content in modified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mime Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hikari Sugawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisataka Yasuda
- Nagahama Institute for Biochemical Science Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Tomckowiack C, Henriquez C, Ramirez-Reveco A, Muñoz P, Collado B, Herzberg D, Folch H, Salgado M. Analytical evaluation of an immunomagnetic separation PCR assay to detect pathogenic Leptospira in cattle urine samples obtained under field conditions. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 33:52-58. [PMID: 33084527 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720966299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical manifestations of leptospirosis are diverse and very similar to other febrile diseases, hence early and accurate detection of subclinical infections is a key element in disease control. We evaluated immunomagnetic separation (IMS) capture technology coupled with a standard quantitative PCR (qPCR) system for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira in urine samples from 803 cows from dairy herds with a history of clinical cases of leptospirosis. The urine samples were first processed in a purification step, then subdivided into 2 subsamples, one that continued to DNA extraction and direct qPCR, and one that was pretreated by IMS before continuing to DNA extraction and qPCR. Overall, 133 of 803 (16.6%) samples were IMS-qPCR positive, whereas only 92 of 803 (11.5%) were positive when using direct qPCR. Statistically significant differences were observed between the mean estimated Leptospira load between the IMS-qPCR and the direct qPCR positive urine samples. The IMS-qPCR technology revealed a larger number of positive results and higher bacterial loads than direct qPCR. This difference is most likely the result of the high antigen-binding capacity and capture efficiency of the IMS system. The use of polyclonal antibodies produced by the inoculation of 3 synthetic peptides, which make up the extracellular regions of the LipL32 protein, provided a high detection capacity to the IMS-qPCR technique, resulting in performance superior to direct qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Tomckowiack
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Claudio Henriquez
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Alfredo Ramirez-Reveco
- Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Priscila Muñoz
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Bernardita Collado
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Daniel Herzberg
- Instituto de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Hugo Folch
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Miguel Salgado
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Suzuki R, Fujiwara Y, Saito M, Arakawa S, Shirakawa JI, Yamanaka M, Komohara Y, Marumo K, Nagai R. Intracellular Accumulation of Advanced Glycation End Products Induces Osteoblast Apoptosis Via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1992-2003. [PMID: 32427355 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an aging-associated disease that is attributed to excessive osteoblast apoptosis. It is known that the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in bone extracellular matrix deteriorates osteoblast functions. However, little is known about the interaction between intracellular AGE accumulation and the induction of osteoblast apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of intracellular AGE accumulation on osteoblast apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with glycolaldehyde (GA), an AGE precursor. GA-induced intracellular AGE accumulation progressed in time- and dose-dependent manners, followed by apoptosis induction. Intracellular AGE formation also activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins (such as glucose-regulated protein 78, inositol-requiring protein-1α (IRE1α), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and induced apoptosis. In agreement, treatment with the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid and knocking down IRE1α expression ameliorated osteoblast apoptosis. Furthermore, the ratio between AGE- and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive osteoblasts in human vertebral bodies was significantly higher in an elderly group than in a younger group. A positive linear correlation between the ratio of AGE-positive and TUNEL-positive osteoblasts (r = 0.72) was also observed. Collectively, these results indicate that AGEs accumulated in osteoblasts with age and that intracellular AGE accumulation induces apoptosis via ER stress. These findings offer new insight into the mechanisms of osteoblast apoptosis and age-related osteoporosis. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoutaro Arakawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keishi Marumo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Khosravi M, Haji HajiKolaei MR, Alipour S, Ameri A, Bafandeh Dehaghi M. Designing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of anti-penicillin antibodies levels in various species of animals in Khuzestan province, Iran. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2020; 11:285-288. [PMID: 33133467 PMCID: PMC7597785 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.95242.2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The penicillin allergy is being increasingly recognized as a significant public health problem. Immunological responses to penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics are classified as immediate and non-immediate responses. This research aimed to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of the reactive antibody value against penicillin in various species of animals. The serum samples were collected from nine species (forty mature animals in each species) including horse, dog, goat, sheep, buffalo, cattle, donkey, chicken, and fish. The concentrations of total antibody and immunoglobulin M (IgM) against penicillin were detected using an in-house ELISA test. The total anti-penicillin antibodies concentration from high to low in animals was as chicken, horse, fish, donkey, dog, goat, sheep, buffalo, and cattle, respectively. In cattle and sheep, the level of anti-penicillin IgM (APM) was significantly higher than non-IgM antibodies (APNM). Moreover, levels of APNM were very low in chicken and fish serums; no difference was seen regarding these values in buffalo and goat. The other species had significantly lower APM than the APNM. The ani-penicillin antibody levels in the noted animals were successfully detected using the developed ELISA. Most of the species have anti-penicillin antibodies; however, they have reactive antibodies with differences in levels and isotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Shahrzad Alipour
- DVM Graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ara Ameri
- DVM Graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hussain S, Fredriksen I, Ringsevjen H, Kavalali ET, Davanger S. Antibodies raised against aldehyde-fixed antigens improve sensitivity for postembedding electron microscopy. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 317:1-10. [PMID: 30703389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibodies are one of the most important tools in biological research. High specificity and sensitivity of antibodies are crucial to obtain reliable results. Tissue fixed with glutaraldehyde (GA) is commonly used in electron microscopical investigations. The fixation and embedding routine in preparation of tissue for post-embedding electron microscopy (EM) will mask and structurally alter epitopes, making antibody-antigen interaction inefficient, with low labeling intensities. One of the main factors in this regard is the use of GA as fixative. NEW METHOD To alleviate these technical challenges, we immunized rabbits with antigen pre-fixed with GA. We hypothesized that the resulting antibodies would have stronger affinity to antigens that have been conformationally changed and denatured by GA, the way they are in fixed tissue. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD AND RESULTS An initial screening with western blotting (WB) showed results consistent with our hypothesis. In-house antibodies raised against GA-fixed SNARE proteins SNAP-25 and VAMP2, binds more strongly to fixed proteins compared to non-fixed proteins, while the pattern is opposite with the commercially available antibodies raised against non-fixed antigens (standard antibodies). Quantitative post-embedding EM of hippocampal synapses gave higher labeling intensities with anti-GA-SNAP-25 and anti-GA-VAMP2 compared to standard antibodies. Importantly, light microscopy (LM) and EM with our antibodies revealed stronger labeling of GA-fixed than formaldehyde (FH) treated brains. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the experimental potential of raising antibodies against GA-treated antigen to improve sensitivity of the antibodies for postembedding immunogold EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hussain
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - I Fredriksen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - H Ringsevjen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - S Davanger
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Khosravi M, Boroun F, Nemati M. The anti-penicillin antibodies levels in sensitive and insensitive people to intradermal skin test. Hum Antibodies 2018; 27:63-68. [PMID: 30223394 DOI: 10.3233/hab-180349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin is a public health problem. Immunological responses to penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics can be classified into immediate and non-immediate responses. The immediate hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE; however, the non-immediate sensitivity is facilitated by other isotypes of antibody or T lymphocytes. OBJECTIVE This research detected the non-IgE antibody value against penicillin in allergic and normal people. METHODS Thirty-eight samples from patients with positive or negative intradermal skin testing results of penicillin allergy were included in this study. The total antibody and IgM levels against penicillin G were defined by in-house ELISA test. RESULTS The results showed a significant (P< 0.05) elevation in total immunoglobulin and non-IgM anti-penicillin antibody of sensitive groups; however, the anti-penicillin IgM was significantly greater in non-sensitive peoples. CONCLUSIONS Although the sensitized people to penicillin cannot be certainly detected with the total antibody, specific IgG and IgM value against penicillin, these values are good indicators for prediction of immediate and late response of the immune system to penicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Boroun
- Graduated Student of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nemati
- Department of Venomous Animals and Toxins, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Ahvaz Branch, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran
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A sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor for detection of cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 based on 3D graphene with gold nanopaticle modified electrode. Talanta 2017; 178:122-128. [PMID: 29136801 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) serves as a powerful biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, we report for the first time a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker CYFRA21-1. In this work, three-dimensional graphene @ gold nanoparticles (3D-G@Au) nanocomposite was modified on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface to enhance the conductivity of immunosensor. The anti-CYFRA21-1 captured and fixed on the modified GCE through the cross-linking of chitosan (CS), glutaraldehyde (GA) and anti-CYFRA21-1. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) peak current change due to the specific interaction between anti-CYFRA21-1 and CYFRA21-1 on the modified electrode surface was utilized to detect CYFRA21-1. Under optimized conditions, the proposed electrochemical immunosensor was employed to detect CYFRA21-1 and exhibited a wide linear range of 0.25-800ngmL-1 and low detection limit of 100pgmL-1 (S/N = 3). Moreover, the recovery rates of serum samples were in the range from 95.2% to 108.7% and the developed immunosensor also shows a good correlation (less than 6.6%) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the detection of clinical serum samples. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed immunosensor based on a 3D-G@Au has great potential in clinical medical diagnosis of CYFRA21-1.
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Antibody-based detection of advanced glycation end-products: promises vs. limitations. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:545-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9708-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Finco AB, Machado-de-Ávila RA, Maciel R, De Moura J, Billiald P, Stinghen AEM, Alvarenga LM. Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibody against Advanced Glycation End Products in chronic kidney disease. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 6:142-148. [PMID: 28955871 PMCID: PMC5600449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) are toxins that are involved in structural and functional alterations of several organs and tissues, resulting in various pathologies. Several types of AGEs have been described but carboxymethyllysine (CML) is the major antigenic AGE compound. In this study, three different immunogenic carrier proteins (KLH, keyhole limpet hemocyanin; BSA, bovine serum albumin; and HSA, human serum albumin) were modified by glycation. The glycated molecules were used to produce epitope-specific monoclonal antibodies able to recognize the CML domain and to detect uremic toxins in the serum of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A competitive ELISA was standardized in order to quantify CML in the sera of CKD patients. An increase in uremic toxins can compromise the clinical condition of these patients, thus, the detection and quantification of these toxins should contribute to a better management and understanding of this disease. We isolated a monoclonal antibody able to recognize carboxymethyl lysine (CML) which is the major antigenic AGE compound. A sensitive immunoassay was developed to detect and quantify CML in biological samples. A correlation between chronic kidney disease (CKD) grade and the CML concentration deduced from the immunoassay was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Becker Finco
- Laboratório de Imunoquímica, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Rayana Maciel
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana De Moura
- Laboratório de Imunoquímica, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Philippe Billiald
- Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | - Andrea Emilia Marques Stinghen
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Alvarenga
- Laboratório de Imunoquímica, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Asakawa T, Yoshida A, Hirooka Y, Suzuki T, Itoh K, Shimizu K, Oku N, Furuta T, Wakimoto T, Inai M, Kan T. Synthesis of Chemical-Biology Tools Enabling in vivo Imaging and Analysis of Epigallocatechin Gallate. HETEROCYCLES 2016. [DOI: 10.3987/com-15-s(t)25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nagai R, Shirakawa JI, Fujiwara Y, Ohno RI, Moroishi N, Sakata N, Nagai M. Detection of AGEs as markers for carbohydrate metabolism and protein denaturation. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2014; 55:1-6. [PMID: 25120273 PMCID: PMC4078063 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.13-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 100 years have passed since the Maillard reaction was first reported in the field of food chemistry as a condensation reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids. This reaction is thought to progress slowly primarily from glucose with proteins in vivo. An early-stage product, called the ”Amadori product”, is converted into advanced glycation end products. Those accumulate in the body in accordance with age, with such accumulation being enhanced by lifestyle-related diseases that result in the denaturation of proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that intermediate carbonyls are generated by several pathways, and rapidly generate many glycation products. However, accurate quantification of glycation products in vivo is difficult due to instability and differences in physicochemical properties. In this connection, little is known about the relationship between the structure of glycation products and pathology. Furthermore, the interaction between proteins modified by glycation and receptors for advanced glycation end products is also known to induce the production of several inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, those inhibitors have been developed over the world to prevent lifestyle-related diseases. In this review, we describe the process of protein denaturation induced by glycation and discuss the possibility of using the process as a marker of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kawayou, Minamiaso, Aso-gun, Kumamoto 869-1404, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kawayou, Minamiaso, Aso-gun, Kumamoto 869-1404, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Rei-Ichi Ohno
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kawayou, Minamiaso, Aso-gun, Kumamoto 869-1404, Japan
| | - Narumi Moroishi
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kawayou, Minamiaso, Aso-gun, Kumamoto 869-1404, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Sakata
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Mime Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kawayou, Minamiaso, Aso-gun, Kumamoto 869-1404, Japan
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15
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Guerra BA, Bolin AP, Morandi AC, Otton R. Glycolaldehyde impairs neutrophil biochemical parameters by an oxidative and calcium-dependent mechanism--protective role of antioxidants astaxanthin and vitamin C. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 98:108-18. [PMID: 22921203 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study examined the effects of glycolaldehyde (GC) on biochemical parameters of human neutrophils and whether the antioxidant astaxanthin associated with vitamin C can modulate these parameters. METHODS Neutrophils from healthy subjects were treated with GC (1mM) followed or not by the antioxidants astaxanthin (2 μM) and vitamin C (100 μM). We examined the phagocytic capacity, hypochlorous acid, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities, cytokines and [Ca(2+)](i). Also, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide production, antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione-recycling system were evaluated. RESULTS GC promoted a marked reduction on the phagocytic capacity, maximal G6PDH and MPO activities, hypochlorous acid production and release of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α cytokines. Some impairment in the neutrophils biochemical parameters appears to be mediated by oxidative stress through ROS/RNS production and calcium reduction. Oxidative stress was evidenced by reduction in the activities of the main antioxidant enzymes, GSH/GSSG ratio and in the increment of O(2)(-) and H(2)O(2) and NO. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of cells with the combination of the antioxidants astaxanthin and vitamin C was able to restore some neutrophils function mainly by decreasing ROS/RNS production and improving the redox state. Overall, our findings demonstrate that GC modulates several neutrophils biochemical parameters in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Alves Guerra
- Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences, CBS, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, 03342000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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16
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Kobayashi H, Yamashita Y, Iwase A, Yoshikawa Y, Yasui H, Kawai Y, Uchida K, Uno N, Akatsuka S, Takahashi T, Kikkawa F, Toyokuni S. The ferroimmunomodulatory role of ectopic endometriotic stromal cells in ovarian endometriosis. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:415-22.e1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Hirose J, Yamabe S, Takada K, Okamoto N, Nagai R, Mizuta H. Immunohistochemical distribution of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in human osteoarthritic cartilage. Acta Histochem 2011; 113:613-8. [PMID: 20656335 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may be associated with osteoarthritis (OA), because the accumulation of AGEs in articular cartilage are among the most striking age-related changes. AGEs modify the tissue protein structure and function and stimulate the cellular responses mediated by a specific receptor for AGEs (RAGE). This study investigated the localization of AGEs in degenerated cartilage using newly identified epitope-specific antibodies to determine the linkage between the distribution of AGEs and the development and progression of OA. Osteochondral specimens of the tibial plateau from OA patients were immunostained by specific antibodies against N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), N(ε)-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), pentosidine, GA-pyridine, and RAGE. The immunohistochemical distribution of these epitopes was evaluated during cartilage degeneration. The immunoreactivity (IR) of AGEs and RAGE was stronger in cells rather than in the extracellular matrix. Higher IR of cellular CML and CEL was observed in both mild and severe OA cartilage in comparison to macroscopically intact cartilage. There was a strong association between GA-pyridine and RAGE in the pattern of increasing IR with the OA grade. These IR patterns of AGEs varying with cartilage degeneration indicate that AGE modified proteins are associated with cartilage degeneration. The coincidental up-regulation of GA-pyridine and RAGE suggests that GA-pyridine is the most significant AGE for cartilage degeneration via the RAGE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hirose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kumamoto University Hospital, Honjo, Japan.
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18
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Toyokuni S, Hirao A, Wada T, Nagai R, Date A, Yoshii T, Akatsuka S, Yamashita Y, Kawada A. Age- and sun exposure-dependent differences in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and N-(carboxymethyl)lysine in human epidermis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 49:121-4. [PMID: 21980228 PMCID: PMC3171685 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and exposure to sunlight are two major factors in the deterioration of skin function. In this study, thirty-six fixed human skin samples from sun-exposed and unexposed areas from young and old individuals were used to evaluate the localization of oxidative stress according to levels and distribution of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine in samples using immunohistochemistry. In the epidermis of the young, negligible amounts of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine were detected in unexposed areas, whereas nuclear 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and cytoplasmic Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine were increased in the lower epidermis in sun-exposed areas. In contrast, the aged presented prominent nuclear 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and nuclear Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine in the epidermis of unexposed areas, concomitant with dermal increase in Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine. However, the immunostaining of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine revealed a decrease in the epidermis of sun-exposed areas in the aged. These results suggest an age-dependent difference in the adaptation and protective mechanisms of the epidermis against sunlight-associated oxidative stress, thus necessitating distinct standards for evaluation in each age group. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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19
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Gough KC, Jarvis S, Maddison BC. Development of competitive immunoassays to hydroxyl containing fungicide metabolites. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2011; 46:581-589. [PMID: 21728812 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2011.586596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the isolation of monoclonal antibodies and the development of competitive immunoassays to pesticide metabolites of the fungicides imazalil, carbendazim and thiabendazole. The metabolite specific hydroxyl residues were used as the reactive group with which to link the metabolite to the carrier proteins Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin (KLH) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). In each case immune responses in mice were raised and monoclonal antibodies were produced. Antibodies were developed into competitive ELISAs to the appropriate metabolite. The antibody raised to a metabolite of imazalil was optimised into a competitive ELISA format which had an assay IC50 of 7.5 μg/L and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.1 μg/L. A single antibody isolated against the metabolite of carbendazim had assay IC50s of 3.2 and 2.7 μg/L for the metabolites of carbendazim and thiabendazole respectively with an LOD of 0.38 μg/L for both. These sensitive immunoassays may have application in the monitoring of human exposure to these fungicide residues either by occupational or non-occupational routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Gough
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
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20
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Yoshida A, Hirooka Y, Sugata Y, Nitta M, Manabe T, Ido S, Murakami K, Saha RK, Suzuki T, Ohshima M, Yoshida A, Itoh K, Shimizu K, Oku N, Furuta T, Asakawa T, Wakimoto T, Kan T. Concise synthesis of catechin probes enabling analysis and imaging of EGCg. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 47:1794-6. [PMID: 21132166 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03676e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A concise synthesis of APDOEGCg (3) was accomplished. Due to the reactivity of its amine group, the compound could be easily converted to the fluorescein probe 21 and immunogen probe 22 efficiently. We then demonstrated the usefulness of the probes for imaging studies and the generation of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yoshida
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka and Global COE Program, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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21
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De Filette M, Ysenbaert T, Roose K, Schotsaert M, Roels S, Goossens E, Schepens B, Fiers W, Saelens X. Antiserum against the conserved nine amino acid N-terminal peptide of influenza A virus matrix protein 2 is not immunoprotective. J Gen Virol 2010; 92:301-6. [PMID: 20965983 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.027086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence and rapid spread of the pandemic H1N1 swine influenza virus reminded us once again of the need for a universal influenza vaccine that can elicit heterosubtypic protection. Here, we show the superior immunogenicity and immunoprotective capacity of the full-length matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) peptide coupled to keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) compared with the N-terminal 9 aa residues of M2e (SP1). Immunization with M2e-KLH protected mice against a lethal challenge with influenza A virus and significantly reduced weight loss and lung virus titres. In addition, passive transfer of serum raised in rabbits against M2e-KLH protected mice against a lethal influenza virus challenge, whereas serum from rabbits immunized with SP1-KLH did not. Nevertheless, immunofluorescence staining revealed that rabbit serum raised against SP1-KLH bound specifically to infected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. We conclude that the peptide SP1 contains an immunogenic epitope that is not sufficient for immunoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina De Filette
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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Nagarajan S, Li Z, Marchi-Artzner V, Grasset F, Zhang Y. Imaging gap junctions with silica-coated upconversion nanoparticles. Med Biol Eng Comput 2010; 48:1033-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-010-0618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mera K, Takeo K, Izumi M, Maruyama T, Nagai R, Otagiri M. Effect of Reactive‐Aldehydes on the Modification and Dysfunction of Human Serum Albumin**Katsumi Mera and Kazuhiro Takeo contributed equally to this work. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:1614-25. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kumagai T, Nangaku M, Kojima I, Nagai R, Ingelfinger JR, Miyata T, Fujita T, Inagi R. Glyoxalase I overexpression ameliorates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2009; 296:F912-21. [PMID: 19211689 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.90575.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), a highly reactive carbonyl compound generated by carbohydrate oxidation and glycolysis, is the major precursor of protein glycation and induces cytotoxicity leading to apoptosis. Although recent studies have emphasized that MG accumulates in not only chronic oxidative stress-related diseases but also acute hypoxic conditions, the pathogenic contribution of MG in acute diseases is unclear. MG is efficiently metabolized by the glyoxalase system, namely, glyoxalase I. We investigated the pathophysiological role of glyoxalase I as an MG detoxifier in rat renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. I/R-induced tubulointerstitial injury was associated with a deterioration in renal glyoxalase I activity independent of its cofactor, GSH, as well as an increase in renal MG level. In in vitro studies, knockdown of glyoxalase I by small interference RNA transfection in rat tubular cells exacerbated cell death by hypoxia-reoxygenation compared with control cells. We also examined whether glyoxalase I overexpression prevented renal I/R damage in rats overexpressing human glyoxalase I with enzyme activity in the kidney 17-fold higher than in wild-type. The histological and functional manifestations of I/R in these rats were significantly ameliorated in association with a decrease in intracellular MG adduct accumulation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell apoptosis. In conclusion, glyoxalase I exerts renoprotective effects in renal I/R injury via a reduction in MG accumulation in tubular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Kumagai
- Div. of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Univ. of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Li Y, Ji B, Chen W, Liu L, Xu C, Peng C, Wang L. Production of new class-specific polyclonal antibody for determination of fluoroquinolones antibiotics by indirect competitive ELISA. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/09540100802471538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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