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Tam IYS, Lee TH, Lau HYA, Tam SY. Combinatorial Genomic Biomarkers Associated with High Response in IgE-Dependent Degranulation in Human Mast Cells. Cells 2024; 13:1237. [PMID: 39120269 PMCID: PMC11311466 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are the major effector cells that mediate IgE-dependent allergic reactions. We sought to use integrated network analysis to identify genomic biomarkers associated with high response in IgE-mediated activation of primary human mast cells. Primary human mast cell cultures derived from 262 normal donors were categorized into High, Average and Low responder groups according to their activation response profiles. Transcriptome analysis was used to identify genes that were differentially expressed in different responder cultures in their baseline conditions, and the data were analyzed by constructing a personalized perturbed profile (PEEP). For upregulated genes, the construction of PEEP for each individual sample of all three responder groups revealed that High responders exhibited a higher percentage of "perturbed" samples whose PEEP values lay outside the normal range of expression. Moreover, the integration of PEEP of four selected upregulated genes into distinct sets of combinatorial profiles demonstrated that the specific pattern of upregulated expression of these four genes, in a tandem combination, was observed exclusively among the High responders. In conclusion, this combinatorial approach was useful in identifying a set of genomic biomarkers that are associated with high degranulation response in human mast cell cultures derived from the blood of a cohort of normal donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issan Yee San Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; (I.Y.S.T.); (H.Y.A.L.)
| | - Tak Hong Lee
- Allergy Centre, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong;
| | - Hang Yung Alaster Lau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; (I.Y.S.T.); (H.Y.A.L.)
| | - See-Ying Tam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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2
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Ebo DG, Bahri R, Tontini C, Van Gasse AL, Mertens C, Hagendorens MM, Sabato V, Elst J. Mast cell versus basophil activation test in allergy: Current status. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:378-387. [PMID: 38686464 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
In the past two decades, we witnessed the evolution of the basophil activation test (BAT) from mainly research applications to a potential complementary diagnostic tool to document IgE-dependent allergies. However, BAT presents some technical weaknesses. Around 10%-15% of tested patients are non-responders, BAT can be negative immediately post-reaction and the use of fresh basophils, ideally analysed within 4 h of collection, restricts the number of tests that can be performed per sample. The need for fresh basophils is especially limiting when conducting batch analyses and interlaboratory comparisons to harmonize BAT methodology. These limitations significantly hinder the wider application of BAT and urge the development of alternative testing, such as the mast cell activation test (MAT). The essential difference between BAT and MAT is the heterogeneity of the starting material used to perform the assays. Mast cells are tissue-resident, so cannot be easily accessed. Current alternative sources for functional studies are generating primary human mast cells, differentiated from donor progenitor cells, or using immortalized mast cell lines. Hence, the methodological approaches for MAT are not only vastly different from BAT, but also different among MAT protocols. This review summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of BAT and MAT assays, dedicating special attention to elucidating the key differences between the cellular sources used and provides an overview of studies hitherto performed comparing BAT and MAT in the diagnosis of IgE-mediated food and drug allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier G Ebo
- Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Immunology - Allergology AZ Jan Palfijn, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rajia Bahri
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Musculo-skeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Core Technology Facility, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Chiara Tontini
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Musculo-skeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Core Technology Facility, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Athina L Van Gasse
- Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Christel Mertens
- Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Margo M Hagendorens
- Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Vito Sabato
- Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Jessy Elst
- Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence Antwerp University, Antwerpen, Belgium
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3
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Zhang Z, Ernst PB, Kiyono H, Kurashima Y. Utilizing mast cells in a positive manner to overcome inflammatory and allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937120. [PMID: 36189267 PMCID: PMC9518231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells widely distributed in the body, accompanied by diverse phenotypes and functions. Committed mast cell precursors (MCPs) leave the bone marrow and enter the blood circulation, homing to peripheral sites under the control of various molecules from different microenvironments, where they eventually differentiate and mature. Partly attributable to the unique maturation mechanism, MCs display high functional heterogeneity and potentially plastic phenotypes. High plasticity also means that MCs can exhibit different subtypes to cope with different microenvironments, which we call “the peripheral immune education system”. Under the peripheral immune education system, MCs showed a new character from previous cognition in some cases, namely regulation of allergy and inflammation. In this review, we focus on the mucosal tissues, such as the gastrointestinal tract, to gain insights into the mechanism underlying the migration of MCs to the gut or other organs and their heterogeneity, which is driven by different microenvironments. In particular, the immunosuppressive properties of MCs let us consider that positively utilizing MCs may be a new way to overcome inflammatory and allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Peter B Ernst
- Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Center for Veterinary Sciences and Comparative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Chiba University-University of California San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccine (CU-UCSD), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Chiba University-University of California San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccine (CU-UCSD), University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Future Medicine Education and Research Organization, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- HanaVax Inc., Tokyo, Japan
- Mucosal Immunology and Allergy Therapeutics, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kurashima
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Mucosal Immunology and Allergy Therapeutics, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Empowering Next Generation Allergist/immunologist toward Global Excellence Task Force toward 2030 (ENGAGE)-Task Force, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Badloe FMS, De Vriese S, De Bruyn Carlier T, Vandersichel E, Scheffel J, Maurer M, Ring J, Gutermuth J, Kortekaas Krohn I. A Novel Method for Total IgE Purification from Human Serum. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:2436-2442. [PMID: 35523453 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For Ab purification, high-affinity chromatography is commonly used. This technique results in high-purity Abs, but it requires highly specific knowledge and equipment. Commercial kits for purification of IgE are not available. Therefore, we established a (to our knowledge) novel method for the purification of total IgE from human serum. Sera from 19 allergic and nonallergic patients were included. After depletion of polyclonal IgG, total serum IgE was captured using anti-human IgE Abs coupled to beads, eluted from the beads, and incubated with protein G-coupled beads to increase the final purity. Purity analysis and Ab detection were performed by Western blot. Total serum IgE and purified IgE concentrations were analyzed using ELISA. To determine their functionality, primary human mast cells were sensitized with purified IgE and activated with anti-IgE or a relevant allergen. CD63+ expression and histamine release were used as readout parameters. Concentrations of purified total IgE corresponded with the levels of total serum IgE. Minor fractions of IgE remained attached to the beads, confirming an effective elution of IgE Abs. Only minimal amounts of IgG were found in the purified IgE fractions, confirming a high purity of IgE. Mast cells sensitized with purified IgE and subsequent activation with anti-IgE Ab or a relevant allergen showed increased expression of CD63+ and increased histamine release. This (to our knowledge) novel method represents a highly effective and widely accessible approach for purification of human serum IgE, which can improve the use of IgE-based in vivo and in vitro models and contribute to allergy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariza Mishaal Saiema Badloe
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), SKIN Research Group, Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Department of Dermatology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Shauni De Vriese
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), SKIN Research Group, Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Belgium
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tina De Bruyn Carlier
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), SKIN Research Group, Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Belgium
| | - Elise Vandersichel
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Department of Dermatology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Johannes Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Gutermuth
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), SKIN Research Group, Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Department of Dermatology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Kortekaas Krohn
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), SKIN Research Group, Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Belgium;
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Department of Dermatology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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5
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L'homme L, Dombrowicz D. in vitro models of human mast cells: How to get more and better with induced pluripotent stem cells? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:904-906. [PMID: 35026205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.12.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent L'homme
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - David Dombrowicz
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France.
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6
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Ozpinar EW, Frey AL, Cruse G, Freytes DO. Mast Cell-Biomaterial Interactions and Tissue Repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2021; 27:590-603. [PMID: 33164714 PMCID: PMC8739845 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineers often use biomaterials to provide structural support along with mechanical and chemical signals to modulate the wound healing process. Biomaterials that are implanted into the body interact with a heterogeneous and dynamic inflammatory environment that is present at the site of injury. Whether synthetically derived, naturally derived, or a combination of both, it is important to assess biomaterials for their ability to modulate inflammation to understand their potential clinical use. One important, but underexplored cell in the context of biomaterials is the mast cell (MC). MCs are granulocytic leukocytes that engage in a variety of events in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Although highly recognized for their roles in allergic reactions, MCs play an important role in wound healing by recognizing antigens through pattern recognition receptors and the high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (FceRI) and releasing granules that affect cell recruitment, fibrosis, extracellular matrix deposition, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis. MCs also mediate the foreign body response, contributing to the incorporation or rejection of implants. Studies of MC-biomaterial interactions can aid in the elucidation of MC roles during the host tissue response and tissue repair. This review is designed for those in the tissue engineering and biomaterial fields who are interested in exploring the role MCs may play in wound-biomaterial interactions and wound healing. With this review, we hope to inspire more research in the MC-biomaterial space to accelerate the design and construction of optimized implants. Impact statement Mast cells (MCs) are highly specialized inflammatory cells that have crucial, but not fully understood, roles in wound healing and tissue repair. Upon stimulation, they recognize foreign antigens and release granules that help orchestrate the inflammatory response after tissue damage or biomaterial implantation. This review summarizes the current use of MCs in biomaterial research along with literature from the past decade focusing on MC interactions with materials used for tissue repair and regeneration. Studying MC-biomaterial interactions will help (i) further understand the process of inflammation and (ii) design biomaterials and tissue-engineered constructs for optimal repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Ozpinar
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ariana L Frey
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Glenn Cruse
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Donald O Freytes
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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7
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Zbären N, Brigger D, Bachmann D, Helbling A, Jörg L, Horn MP, Schmid JM, Hoffmann HJ, Kinet JP, Kaufmann T, Eggel A. A novel functional mast cell assay for the detection of allergies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 149:1018-1030.e11. [PMID: 34418424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical management of allergic diseases has been hampered by the lack of safe and convenient tests to reliably identify culprit allergens and to closely follow changes in disease activity over time. Because allergy diagnosis is a complex and laborious multistep procedure, there is an urgent need for simpler but still functionally accurate ex vivo assays allowing objective diagnosis, substantiating treatment choices, and quantifying therapeutic responses. OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought to develop a novel functional cell-based assay that relies on passive sensitization of allergic effector cells with patient serum, circumventing current limitations in allergy diagnosis. METHODS We genetically engineered a conditional homeobox B8 (Hoxb8)-immortalized progenitor line from the bone marrow of mice that are transgenic for the human high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRIα). These cells can be reproducibly differentiated into mature Hoxb8 mast cells within 5 days of culture in virtually unlimited numbers. RESULTS We demonstrate that the established Hoxb8 mast cell assay can be used to accurately measure total IgE levels, identify culprit allergens, longitudinally monitor allergen-specific immunotherapy, and potentially determine the time point of tolerance induction upon allergen-specific immunotherapy in patients with allergy. To facilitate the analysis of large testing volumes, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept for a high-throughput screening application based on fluorescent cell barcoding using the engineered Hoxb8 mast cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that this novel mast cell assay could represent a valuable tool to support clinicians in the identification of IgE-mediated allergies and in the quantification of treatment efficacy as well as duration of therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Zbären
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Brigger
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Bachmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Helbling
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pneumology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Jörg
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pneumology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael P Horn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes M Schmid
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jean-Pierre Kinet
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Thomas Kaufmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Alexander Eggel
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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8
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Elst J, van der Poorten MLM, Van Gasse AL, De Puysseleyr L, Hagendorens MM, Faber MA, Van Houdt M, Passante E, Bahri R, Walschot M, Mertens C, Bridts CH, Sabato V, Ebo DG. Mast cell activation tests by flow cytometry: A new diagnostic asset? Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1482-1500. [PMID: 34233046 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since the late nineties, evidence has accumulated that flow-assisted basophil activation test (BAT) might be an accessible and reliable method to explore the mechanisms governing basophil degranulation and diagnostic allowing correct prediction of the clinical outcome following exposure to the offending allergen(s) and cross-reactive structures for different IgE-dependent allergies and particular forms of autoimmune urticaria. Although the BAT offers many advantages over mediator release tests, it is left with some weaknesses that hinder a wider application. It is preferable to perform the BAT analysis within 4 h of collection, and the technique does not advance diagnosis in patients with non-responsive cells. Besides, the BAT is difficult to standardize mainly because of the difficulty to perform large batch analyses that might span over several days. This article reviews the status of flow cytometric mast cell activation test (MAT) using passively sensitized mast cells (MCs) with patients' sera or plasma (henceforth indicated as passive MAT; pMAT) using both MC lines and cultured MCs in the diagnosis of IgE-dependent allergies. In addition, this paper provides guidance for generating human MCs from peripheral blood CD34+ progenitor cells (PBCMCs) and correct interpretation of flow cytometric analyses of activated and/or degranulating cells. With the recent recognition of the mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) occupation as a putative mechanism of immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs), we also speculate how direct activation of MCs (dMAT)-that is direct activation by MRGPRX2 agonists without prior passive sensitization-could advance paradigms for this novel endotype of IDHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Elst
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marie-Line M van der Poorten
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Athina L Van Gasse
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Leander De Puysseleyr
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Margo M Hagendorens
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Margaretha A Faber
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Michel Van Houdt
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Rajia Bahri
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark Walschot
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christel Mertens
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Chris H Bridts
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vito Sabato
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Immunology and Allergology, AZ Jan Palfijn Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Didier G Ebo
- Department of Immunology - Allergology - Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Immunology and Allergology, AZ Jan Palfijn Gent, Ghent, Belgium
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9
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Doyen V, Truyens C, Nhu Thi H, Mong HTT, Le Chi T, De Blay F, Huynh PTN, Michel O, Corazza F. Helminth infection induces non-functional sensitization to house dust mites. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253887. [PMID: 34197505 PMCID: PMC8248592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE characterizes the humoral response of allergic sensitization but less is known about what modulates its function and why some patients present clinical symptoms for a given IgE level and others do not. An IgE response also occurs during helminth diseases, independently of allergic symptoms. This response could be a model of non-functional IgE. OBJECTIVE To study the IgE response against environmental allergens induced during natural helminth infection. METHODS In 28 non allergic subjects from the periphery of Ho Chi Minh city with (H+, n = 18) and without helminth infection (H-, n = 10), we measured IgE and IgG4 against several components of Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus (Dpt) and Ascaris (a marker of immunization against nematodes), and determined the IgE component sensitization profile using microarray ISAC biochips. The functional ability of IgE to induce degranulation of cultured mast cells was evaluated in the presence of Dpt. RESULTS Non allergic H+ subjects exhibited higher levels of IgE against Dpt compared to H- subjects. Dpt IgE were not functional in vitro and did not recognize usual Dpt major allergens. IgE recognized other component allergens that belong to different protein families, and most were glycosylated. Depletion of IgE recognizing carbohydrate cross-reactive determinant (CCD) did not induce a reduction in Dpt IgE. The Dpt IgG4 were not significantly different. CONCLUSION Helminth infections induced IgE against allergens such as Dpt and molecular components that belong to different sources as well as against CCD (such as β-1,2-xylose and/or ⍺-1,3-fucose substituted N-glycans). Dpt IgE were not able to induce degranulation of mast cells and were not explained by sensitization to usual major allergens or N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Doyen
- Clinic of Immunoallergology, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Carine Truyens
- Parasitology Laboratory, ULB Center for Research in immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hoa Nhu Thi
- Parasitology and Mycology Department, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Hiep Tran Thi Mong
- Department of Family Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Le Chi
- Immunology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Frederic De Blay
- Chest Diseases Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Biocluster des Haras, ALYATEC, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Olivier Michel
- Clinic of Immunoallergology, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francis Corazza
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Immunology Laboratory, LHUB-ULB, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Culturing cells with mast cell phenotype and function: Comparison of peripheral blood and bone marrow as a source. J Immunol Methods 2021; 495:113061. [PMID: 33933470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the mechanisms that govern mast cell (MC) functions are hindered by the difficulties in isolating sufficient numbers of these tissue-resident cells. Therefore, many research groups use cultured human MCs obtained out of progenitor cells. However, these culture methods significantly differ regarding primary source material, culture durations and conditions. Consequently, the finally obtained cells are likely to exhibit morphological, phenotypical and/or functional heterogeneity. OBJECTIVE To compare the phenotype and functionality of cells cultured from peripheral blood and bone marrow progenitor cells from patients with suspected clonal MC disease. These cells are designated as PBCMCs and BMCMCs, respectively. METHODS Twenty paired PBCMCs and BMCMCs cultures starting from CD34+ progenitor cells were compared. Cells were cultured for 4 weeks. Phenotyping included Giemsa and CD117 staining and flow cytometric staining for CD117, CD203c, FcεRI, MRGPRX2, CD300a, CD32, CD63 and CD25. Functional assessment included measurement of the up-regulation of CD63 after cross-linking of the high affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) with anti-FcεRI and ligation of MRGPRX2 with substance P. RESULTS PBCMCs and BMCMCs are phenotypically comparable. Functionally, after activation with anti-FcεRI and substance P, PBCMCs and BMCMCs show similar up-regulation of the lysosomal degranulation marker CD63. However, the yield of PBCMCs is higher than BMCMs and peripheral blood cultures are purer than bone marrow cultures. CONCLUSION PBCMCs are an attractive alternative to the more difficult to obtain BMCMCs for the exploration of the complex mechanisms that govern IgE- and MRGPRX2-dependent MC activation and degranulation. Unlike BMCMCs, PBCMCs are easily accessible and enable repetitive analyses.
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11
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Trischler J, Bottoli I, Janocha R, Heusser C, Jaumont X, Lowe P, Gautier A, Pethe A, Woessner R, Zerwes HG, Zielen S. Ligelizumab treatment for severe asthma: learnings from the clinical development programme. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1255. [PMID: 33747510 PMCID: PMC7958305 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Ligelizumab is a humanised IgG1 anti-IgE antibody that binds IgE with higher affinity than omalizumab. Ligelizumab had greater efficacy than omalizumab on inhaled and skin allergen provocation responses in mild allergic asthma. This multi-centre, randomised, double-blind study was designed to test ligelizumab in severe asthma patients not adequately controlled with high-dose inhaled corticoids plus long-acting β2-agonist. Methods Patients received 16 weeks ligelizumab (240 mg q2w), omalizumab or placebo subcutaneously, and ACQ-7 was measured as primary outcome at Week 16. In addition, the study generated dose-ranging data of ligelizumab and safety data. Results A total of 471 patients, age 47.4 ± 13.36 years, were included in the study. Treatment with ligelizumab did not significantly improve asthma control (ACQ-7) and exacerbation rates compared to omalizumab and placebo. Therefore, primary and secondary objectives of the study were not met. The compound was well tolerated, and the safety profile showed no new safety findings. Pharmacokinetic data demonstrated faster clearance and lower serum concentrations of ligelizumab than historical omalizumab data, and exploratory in vitro data showed differential IgE blocking properties relative to FcεRI and FcεRII/CD23 between the two compounds. Conclusion Ligelizumab failed to demonstrate superiority over placebo or omalizumab. Although ligelizumab is more potent than omalizumab at inhibiting IgE binding to the high-affinity FcεRI, there is differential IgE blocking properties relative to FcεRI and FcεRII/CD23 between the two compounds. Therefore, the data suggest that different anti-IgE antibodies might be selectively efficacious for different IgE-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordis Trischler
- Department for Children and Adolescents Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic fibrosis University Hospital Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Phil Lowe
- Novartis Pharma AG Basel Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Zielen
- Department for Children and Adolescents Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic fibrosis University Hospital Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt am Main Germany
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12
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Hermans MAW, van Stigt AC, van de Meerendonk S, Schrijver B, van Daele PLA, van Hagen PM, van Splunter M, Dik WA. Human Mast Cell Line HMC1 Expresses Functional Mas-Related G-Protein Coupled Receptor 2. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625284. [PMID: 33790895 PMCID: PMC8006456 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) is prominently expressed by mast cells and induces degranulation upon binding by different ligands. Its activation has been linked to various mast cell-related diseases, such as chronic spontaneous urticaria, atopic dermatitis and asthma. Therefore, inhibition of MRGPRX2 activity represents a therapeutic target for these conditions. However, the exact pathophysiology of this receptor is still unknown. In vitro research with mast cells is often hampered by the technical limitations of available cell lines. The human mast cell types LAD2 and HuMC (human mast cells cultured from CD34+ progenitor cells) most closely resemble mature human mast cells, yet have a very slow growth rate. A fast proliferating alternative is the human mast cell line HMC1, but they are considered unsuitable for degranulation assays due to their immature phenotype. Moreover, the expression and functionality of MRGPRX2 on HMC1 is controversial. Here, we describe the MRGPRX2 expression and functionality in HMC1 cells, and compare these with LAD2 and HuMC. We also propose a model to render HMC1 suitable for degranulation assays by pre-incubating them with latrunculin-B (Lat-B). Expression of MRGPRX2 by HMC1 was proven by RQ-PCR and flowcytometry, although at lower levels compared with LAD2 and HuMC. Pre-incubation of HMC1 cells with Lat-B significantly increased the overall degranulation capacity, without significantly changing their MRGPRX2 expression, phenotype or morphology. The MRGPRX2 specific compound 48/80 (C48/80) effectively induced degranulation of HMC1 as measured by CD63 membrane expression and β-hexosaminidase release, albeit in lower levels than for LAD2 or HuMC. HMC1, LAD2 and HuMC each had different degranulation kinetics upon stimulation with C48/80. Incubation with the MRGPRX2 specific inhibitor QWF inhibited C48/80-induced degranulation, confirming the functionality of MRGPRX2 on HMC1. In conclusion, HMC1 cells have lower levels of MRGPRX2 expression than LAD2 or HuMC, but are attractive for in vitro research because of their high growth rate and stable phenotype. HMC1 can be used to study MRGPRX2-mediated degranulation after pre-incubation with Lat-B, which provides the opportunity to explore MPRGRX2 biology in mast cells in a feasible way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud A W Hermans
- Section of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Astrid C van Stigt
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne van de Meerendonk
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Schrijver
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul L A van Daele
- Section of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Petrus M van Hagen
- Section of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marloes van Splunter
- Section of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Willem A Dik
- Section of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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13
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Elst J, Sabato V, van der Poorten MLM, Faber M, Van Gasse AL, De Puysseleyr LP, Bridts CH, Mertens C, Van Houdt M, Maurer M, Hagendorens MM, Ebo DG. Peripheral blood cultured mast cells: Phenotypic and functional outcomes of different culture protocols. J Immunol Methods 2021; 492:113003. [PMID: 33647250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MCs) play a pivotal role in innate and adaptive immune responses. However, MCs are also involved in different pathologic conditions. Studies on the mechanisms that govern human MC functions are impeded by their limited and difficult recovery. Therefore, several research groups have developed protocols to culture human MCs from progenitor cells. These protocols vary with respect to culture duration and used maturation cytokines. How MCs obtained by different protocols differ in phenotype and functionality is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare different protocols for the generation of human MCs from peripheral blood progenitors. METHODS Thirteen paired human MC cultures were investigated. MCs were cultured form CD34+ progenitors cells for 4 or 8 weeks and with or without the addition of IL-6. Phenotyping comprised staining for CD117, CD203c, FcεRI, MRGPRX2, CD300a and CD32. Functional studies included measurements of the up-regulation of CD63 and CD203c after allergen-specific cross-linking of sIgE/FcεRI complexes or ligation of MRGPRX2 with substance P and different drugs. RESULTS Cell cultures for 4 weeks in the presence of IL-6 consistently yielded the highest numbers of MCs. MCs cultured for 8 weeks with IL-6 showed more autofluorescence significantly impeding correct analyses of FcεRI and CD32. The density of FcεRI and CD32 was comparable between the different culture conditions. MRGPRX2 expression was significantly higher in the 8 week cultures. The density of CD300a was increased in the cultures with IL-6. Cells cultured for 8 weeks were more responsive to MRGPRX2 activation. In contrast, the 4-weeks cultures with IL-6 showed significantly higher allergen-specific activation. CONCLUSION Four weeks of culture with IL-6 are sufficient to generate sizeable numbers of human mast cells from blood progenitors, thereby enabling simultaneous exploration of allergen-specific sIgE/FcεRI cross-linking and non-specific activation via MRGPRX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Elst
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vito Sabato
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Immunology and Allergology, AZ Jan Palfijn Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie-Line M van der Poorten
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Paediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Margaretha Faber
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Athina L Van Gasse
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Paediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Leander P De Puysseleyr
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Chris H Bridts
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christel Mertens
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Michel Van Houdt
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Margo M Hagendorens
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Paediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Didier G Ebo
- University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Immunology and Allergology, AZ Jan Palfijn Gent, Ghent, Belgium.
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14
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Smits M, Nooijen I, Redegeld F, de Jong A, Le TM, Knulst A, Houben G, Verhoeckx K. Digestion and Transport across the Intestinal Epithelium Affects the Allergenicity of Ara h 1 and 3 but Not of Ara h 2 and 6. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000712. [PMID: 33434390 PMCID: PMC8047886 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Scope No accepted and validated methods are currently available which can accurately predict protein allergenicity. In this study, the role of digestion and transport on protein allergenicity is investigated. Methods and results Peanut allergens (Ara h 1, 2, 3, and 6) and a milk allergen (β‐lactoglobulin) are transported across pig intestinal epithelium using the InTESTine model and afterward basophil activation is measured to assess the (remaining) functional properties. Additionally, allergens are digested by pepsin prior to epithelial transport and their allergenicity is assessed in a human mast cell activation assay. Remarkably, transported Ara h 1 and 3 are not able to activate basophils, in contrast to Ara h 2 and 6. Digestion prior to transport results in a significant increase in mast cell activation of Ara h 1 and 3 dependent on the length of digestion time. Activation of mast cells by Ara h 2 and 6 is unaffected by digestion prior to transport. Conclusions Digestion and transport influences the allergenicity of Ara h 1 and 3, but not of Ara h 2 and 6. The influence of digestion and transport on protein allergenicity may explain why current in vitro assays are not predictive for allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Smits
- The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Princetonlaan 6, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CB, The Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Nooijen
- The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, Zeist, Utrecht, 3704 HE, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Aard de Jong
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, Gelderland, 6708 WG, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, Zeist, Utrecht, 3704 HE, The Netherlands
| | - Thuy-My Le
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - André Knulst
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Houben
- The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Princetonlaan 6, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CB, The Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Kitty Verhoeckx
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.,The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, Zeist, Utrecht, 3704 HE, The Netherlands
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15
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Folkerts J, Gaudenzio N, Maurer M, Hendriks RW, Stadhouders R, Tam SY, Galli SJ. Rapid identification of human mast cell degranulation regulators using functional genomics coupled to high-resolution confocal microscopy. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:1285-1310. [PMID: 32060492 PMCID: PMC7197894 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Targeted functional genomics represents a powerful approach for studying gene function in vivo and in vitro. However, its application to gene expression studies in human mast cells has been hampered by low yields of human mast cell cultures and their poor transfection efficiency. We developed an imaging system in which mast cell degranulation can be visualized in single cells subjected to shRNA knockdown or CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing. By using high resolution confocal microscopy and a fluorochrome-labeled avidin probe, one can directly assess the suppression of functional responses, i.e. degranulation, in single human mast cells. The elimination of a drug or marker selection step avoids the use of potentially toxic treatment procedures and the short hands-on time of the functional analysis step enables the high-throughput screening of shRNA or CRISPR-Cas9 constructs to identify genes that regulate human mast cell degranulation. The ability to analyse single cells significantly reduces the total number of cells required, and allows for the parallel visualization of the degranulation profile of both edited and non-edited mast cells, offering a consistent internal control not found in other protocols. Moreover, our protocol offers a flexible choice between RNA interference and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing for perturbation of gene expression using our human mast cell single-cell imaging system. Perturbation of gene expression, acquisition of microscopy data, and image analysis can be completed within 5 days, requiring only standard laboratory equipment and expertise. This protocol presents an an imaging system in which mast cell degranulation can be visualized in single cells subjected to shRNA knockdown or CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing using high resolution confocal microscopy with a fluorochrome-labeled avidin probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Folkerts
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Gaudenzio
- Unité de Différenciation Epithéliale et Autoimmunité Rhumatoïde (UDEAR), UMR 1056, INSERM, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - See-Ying Tam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. .,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
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16
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Luo Y, Frischbutter S, Scheffel J, Siebenhaar F. Generation and Culture of Peripheral CD34 + Stem Cell-Derived Mast Cells (PSCMCs). Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2163:63-67. [PMID: 32766966 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0696-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are long-living tissue-resident cells that play an important role in inflammatory and allergic reactions. In vitro models of mast cell functions have allowed better understanding of the function of mast cells and mast cell-mediated disorders. In this unit, we describe a protocol used for the generation and culture of peripheral CD34+ stem cell-derived mast cells (PSCMCs). It provides a useful tool for the investigation of the biology of human MCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Luo
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Frischbutter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Abstract
The mast cell (MC) activation assay is a robust in vitro tool for exploring MC reactivity in allergy. Here we describe the use of the mast cell activation test (MAT) that makes use of human primary MCs generated from peripheral blood progenitors, sensitized overnight with patients' sera and activated with allergens. Flow cytometry is used to assess the changes in expression of the activation marker CD63, and the percentage of cell degranulation is defined as the percentage of CD63+-positive MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajia Bahri
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences & Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Silvia Bulfone-Paus
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences & Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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18
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A Transcriptomic Insight into the Impact of Colon Cancer Cells on Mast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071689. [PMID: 30987352 PMCID: PMC6480031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are one of the first immune cells recruited to a tumor. It is well recognized that MCs accumulate in colon cancer lesion and their density is associated with the clinical outcomes. However, the molecular mechanism of how colon cancer cells may modify MC function is still unclear. In this study, primary human MCs were generated from CD34+ progenitor cells and a 3D coculture model was developed to study the interplay between colon cancer cells and MCs. By comparing the transcriptomic profile of colon cancer-cocultured MCs versus control MCs, we identified a number of deregulated genes, such as MMP-2, VEGF-A, PDGF-A, COX2, NOTCH1 and ISG15, which contribute to the enrichment of cancer-related pathways. Intriguingly, pre-stimulation with a TLR2 agonist prior to colon cancer coculture induced upregulation of multiple interferon-inducible genes as well as MHC molecules in MCs. Our study provides an alternative approach to study the influence of colon cancer on MCs. The transcriptome signature of colon cancer-cocultured MCs may potentially reflect the mechanism of how colon cancer cells educate MCs to become pro-tumorigenic in the initial phase and how a subsequent inflammatory signal—e.g., TLR2 ligands—may modify their responses in the cancer milieu.
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19
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Amiot L, Vu N, Drenou B, Scrofani M, Chalin A, Devisme C, Samson M. The anti-fibrotic role of mast cells in the liver is mediated by HLA-G and interaction with hepatic stellate cells. Cytokine 2019; 117:50-58. [PMID: 30825834 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We have reported a significant association between HLA-G expression or the number of hepatic mast cells and liver fibrosis. Here, we investigated the role of HLA-G and mast cells in liver fibrosis, focusing, in particular, on interactions between human mast and stellate cells. METHODS Human mast cells (HMC cell line, CD34-derived mast cells, or tissue-derived mast cells) were co-cultured with purified human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and collagen I production by HSCs was evaluated. Mast cells and HSCs were characterized by immunocytochemistry. Various conditions were tested: different times in direct or indirect contact, presence or absence of cytokines, addition or not of HLA-G, and presence or absence of specific protease inhibitors. RESULTS The reciprocal interaction between HSCs and mast cells led to the attraction of mast cells to HSCs in vivo and in vitro, and to a significant decrease in collagen production, at all times of co-culture, following the direct or indirect contact of mast cells with HSCs alone or in the presence of TGF-β, IFN-α or IL-10. We identified the diffusible factors involved in collagen I degradation as mast cell proteases. Moreover, HLA-G expression increased during the co-culture of HSCs and mast cells, with HLA-G acting on both mast cells and HSCs, to enhance collagen I degradation. CONCLUSIONS Mast cells play a beneficial, anti-fibrotic role in liver fibrosis, via the HLA-G-mediated decrease of collagen I. These findings are consistent with high levels of cross-communication between mast cells and hepatic stellate cells and the role of HLA-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Amiot
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Nicolas Vu
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Bernard Drenou
- CH Emile Muller, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; Institut de Recherche en Hématologie et Transplantation (IRHT), F-68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - Maurice Scrofani
- Institut de Recherche en Hématologie et Transplantation (IRHT), F-68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - Arnaud Chalin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christelle Devisme
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Michel Samson
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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20
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Paupert J, Espinosa E, Cenac N, Robert V, Laharrague P, Evrard SM, Casteilla L, Lorsignol A, Cousin B. Rapid and Efficient Production of Human Functional Mast Cells through a Three-Dimensional Culture of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Vascular Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:3815-3821. [PMID: 30446570 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are innate immune cells involved in many physiological and pathological processes. However, studies of MC function and biology are hampered by the difficulties to obtain human primary MC. To solve this problem, we established a new method to produce easily and rapidly high numbers of MC for in vitro studies using human adipose tissue, which is an abundant and easy access tissue. Stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, obtained from human abdominal dermolipectomy, was cultured as spheroids in serum free medium supplemented in stem cell factor. Using this method, we generated, within 3 wk, a highly pure population of connective tissue-type MC expressing MC typical peptidases (tryptase, chymase, and carboxypeptidase-A3) with a yield increasing over time. Stem cell factor was required for this culture, but unlike MC derived from CD34+ cells, this culture did not depend on IL-3 and -6. MC obtained with this method degranulated following FcεRI cross-linking or stimulation by C5a, compound 48/80, and substance P. Interestingly, activation by anti-IgE of both white adipose tissue-MC and MC obtained from peripheral blood-derived CD34+ pluripotent progenitor cells induced the production of PGs as well as proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, Il-6, and GM-CSF). In conclusion, we developed a new time saving and reproducible method to produce highly pure and functional human MC in 3 wk from human adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Paupert
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS 11 Équipe de Recherche Labellisée 5311, Établissement Français du Sang, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, 31100 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse
| | - Eric Espinosa
- Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse.,INSERM, U1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, F-31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Cenac
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Robert
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS 11 Équipe de Recherche Labellisée 5311, Établissement Français du Sang, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, 31100 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse
| | - Patrick Laharrague
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS 11 Équipe de Recherche Labellisée 5311, Établissement Français du Sang, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, 31100 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse
| | - Solène M Evrard
- Département d'Histologie et d'Embryologie, École de Médecine de Rangueil, Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; and.,Département de Pathologie et Cytologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse, l'Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, 31100 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS 11 Équipe de Recherche Labellisée 5311, Établissement Français du Sang, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, 31100 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse
| | - Anne Lorsignol
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS 11 Équipe de Recherche Labellisée 5311, Établissement Français du Sang, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, 31100 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse
| | - Béatrice Cousin
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS 11 Équipe de Recherche Labellisée 5311, Établissement Français du Sang, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1031, Université Paul Sabatier, 31100 Toulouse, France; .,Université Toulouse III-Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse
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21
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Yu Y, Blokhuis BRJ, Diks MAP, Keshavarzian A, Garssen J, Redegeld FA. Functional Inhibitory Siglec-6 Is Upregulated in Human Colorectal Cancer-Associated Mast Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2138. [PMID: 30294327 PMCID: PMC6159741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) accumulate in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the relationship between MC density and cancer progression has been well recognized. MC can be either pro-tumor or anti-tumor players, depending on the local factors present in the tumor microenvironment. Upon malignant transformation, cancer cells express high levels of sialic acids on cell membrane or by secretion. Siglecs are a family of immunoglobulin-like receptors that bind sialic acids and each subtype has a distinct pattern of expression on immune cells. Among them, Siglec-6 is expressed predominately by MC. However, the function of Siglec-6 in MC is largely unexplored and whether it is expressed by CRC-associated MC remains unknown. In this study, we explored the function of Siglec-6 in CD34+ derived human MC. MC activation was initiated by IgE crosslinking with or without preincubation of anti-Siglec-6 Ab. Siglec-6 engagement significantly attenuated IgE-dependent MC degranulation as measured by ß-hexosaminidase release and CD63 expression. Interestingly, the production of GM-CSF was also shown reduced upon Siglec-6 engagement. To mimic the milieu of CRC, we cultured primary human MC with colon cancer cells or under hypoxia and Siglec-6 was then measured on these conditioned MC. Coculture with colon cancer cells (HT29 and Caco2) induced upregulation of Siglec-6 on MC. In comparison, normal colon cells (CCD841) had no effect. Also, a time-dependent increase of Siglec-6 by MC was observed under 1% O2. Immunohistochemistry of CRC tissue showed expression of Siglec-6 by MC in submucosa. Lectin immunochemistry revealed the presence of actual ligands for Siglec-6 in human CRC tissues. Together, our findings illustrate that Siglec-6 is a functionally inhibitory receptor on MC and suggest that Siglec-6 expression may be relevant for MC activity in the tumor microenvironment of CRC.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD34/immunology
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Biopsy
- Caco-2 Cells
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Coculture Techniques
- Colorectal Neoplasms/immunology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- HT29 Cells
- Humans
- Lectins/immunology
- Lectins/metabolism
- Mast Cells/immunology
- Mast Cells/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Yu
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bart R. J. Blokhuis
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mara A. P. Diks
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Frank A. Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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22
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IL-24 is a common and specific autoantigen of IgE in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:876-882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Yu Y, Blokhuis B, Derks Y, Kumari S, Garssen J, Redegeld F. Human mast cells promote colon cancer growth via bidirectional crosstalk: studies in 2D and 3D coculture models. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1504729. [PMID: 30377568 PMCID: PMC6205014 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1504729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation drives the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), where tumor-infiltrating immune cells interact with cancer cells in a dynamic crosstalk. Mast cells (MC), one of earliest recruited immune cells, accumulate in CRC tissues and their density is correlated with cancer progression. However, the exact contribution of MC in CRC and their interaction with colon cancer cells is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impact of primary human MC and their mediators on colon cancer growth using 2D and 3D coculture models. Primary human MC were generated from peripheral CD34+ stem cells. Transwell chambers were used to analyze MC chemotaxis to colon cancer. Colon cancer cells HT29 and Caco2 differentially recruited MC by releasing CCL15 or SCF, respectively. Using BrdU proliferation assays, we demonstrated that MC can directly support colon cancer proliferation and this effect was mediated by their cellular crosstalk. 3D coculture models with cancer spheroids further confirmed the pro-tumor effect of MC on colon cancer growth, where direct cell-cell contact is dispensable and increased production of multiple soluble mediators was detected. Moreover, TLR2 stimulation of MC promoted stronger growth of colon cancer spheroids. By examining the transcriptome profile of colon cancer-cocultured MC versus control MC, we identified several MC marker genes, which were deregulated in expression. Our study provides an advanced in vitro model to investigate the role of human MC in cancer. Our data support the detrimental role of MC in CRC development and provide a molecular insight into the cellular crosstalk between MC and colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Yu
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Blokhuis
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Derks
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sangeeta Kumari
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Expression and modulation of S100A4 protein by human mast cells. Cell Immunol 2018; 332:85-93. [PMID: 30097176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
S100A4 protein is expressed in fibroblasts during tissue remodelling and in cancer stem cells and it induces the metastatic spread of tumor cells. In mast cells (MCs) S100A4 have been found in some pathological conditions, but its function in normal MCs remains to be described. The purpose of this study was to characterize the cellular localization of the S100A4 protein in MCs of human tissues with inflammatory or tumor disorders and, to determine the consequence of reducing its expression in MC response. We found that tissue resident MCs stained positive to S100A4. Both human HMC-1 cell line and resting CD34+-derived MCs expressed S100A4, whose levels were differentially modulated upon MC activation. Downregulation of the S100A4 protein resulted in MC growth inhibition, enhanced apoptosis and deregulation of MMP-1 and MMP-10 production. Our results suggest that S100A4 is also playing a role in the MC life cycle and functions.
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25
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Bahri R, Custovic A, Korosec P, Tsoumani M, Barron M, Wu J, Sayers R, Weimann A, Ruiz-Garcia M, Patel N, Robb A, Shamji MH, Fontanella S, Silar M, Mills ENC, Simpson A, Turner PJ, Bulfone-Paus S. Mast cell activation test in the diagnosis of allergic disease and anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29518421 PMCID: PMC6075471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Food allergy is an increasing public health issue and the most common cause of life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. Conventional allergy tests assess for the presence of allergen-specific IgE, significantly overestimating the rate of true clinical allergy and resulting in overdiagnosis and adverse effect on health-related quality of life. Objective To undertake initial validation and assessment of a novel diagnostic tool, we used the mast cell activation test (MAT). Methods Primary human blood-derived mast cells (MCs) were generated from peripheral blood precursors, sensitized with patients' sera, and then incubated with allergen. MC degranulation was assessed by means of flow cytometry and mediator release. We compared the diagnostic performance of MATs with that of existing diagnostic tools to assess in a cohort of peanut-sensitized subjects undergoing double-blind, placebo-controlled challenge. Results Human blood-derived MCs sensitized with sera from patients with peanut, grass pollen, and Hymenoptera (wasp venom) allergy demonstrated allergen-specific and dose-dependent degranulation, as determined based on both expression of surface activation markers (CD63 and CD107a) and functional assays (prostaglandin D2 and β-hexosaminidase release). In this cohort of peanut-sensitized subjects, the MAT was found to have superior discrimination performance compared with other testing modalities, including component-resolved diagnostics and basophil activation tests. Using functional principle component analysis, we identified 5 clusters or patterns of reactivity in the resulting dose-response curves, which at preliminary analysis corresponded to the reaction phenotypes seen at challenge. Conclusion The MAT is a robust tool that can confer superior diagnostic performance compared with existing allergy diagnostics and might be useful to explore differences in effector cell function between basophils and MCs during allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajia Bahri
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences & Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Adnan Custovic
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Korosec
- Laboratory for Clinical Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University Hospital for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Marina Tsoumani
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Barron
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences & Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jiakai Wu
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences & Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekah Sayers
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Monica Ruiz-Garcia
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nandinee Patel
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Robb
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed H Shamji
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Fontanella
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mira Silar
- Laboratory for Clinical Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University Hospital for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - E N Clare Mills
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Simpson
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J Turner
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Silvia Bulfone-Paus
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences & Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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26
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Yin Y, Bai Y, Olivera A, Desai A, Metcalfe DD. An optimized protocol for the generation and functional analysis of human mast cells from CD34 + enriched cell populations. J Immunol Methods 2017. [PMID: 28629733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The culture of mast cells from human tissues such a cord blood, peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirates has advanced our understanding of human mast cells (huMC) degranulation, mediator production and response to pharmacologic agents. However, existing methods for huMC culture tend to be laborious and expensive. Combining technical approaches from several of these protocols, we designed a simplified and more cost effective approach to the culture of mast cells from human cell populations including peripheral blood and cryopreserved cells from lymphocytapheresis. On average, we reduced by 30-50 fold the amount of culture media compared to our previously reported method, while the total MC number generated by this method (2.46±0.63×106 vs. 2.4±0.28×106, respectively, from 1.0×108 lymphocytapheresis or peripheral blood mononuclear blood cells [PBMCs]) was similar to our previous method (2.36±0.70×106), resulting in significant budgetary savings. In addition, we compared the yield of huMCs with or without IL-3 added to early cultures in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF) and interlukin-6 (IL-6) and found that the total MC number generated, while higher with IL-3 in the culture, did not reach statistical significance, suggesting that IL-3, often recommended in the culture of huMCs, is not absolutely required. We then performed a functional analysis by flow cytometry using standard methods and which maximized the data we could obtain from cultured cells. We believe these approaches will allow more laboratories to culture and examine huMC behavior going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Yin
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Yun Bai
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ana Olivera
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Avanti Desai
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dean D Metcalfe
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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27
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Novel six-week protocol for generating functional human connective tissue-type (MCTC) mast cells from buffy coats. Inflamm Res 2016; 66:25-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0989-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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28
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Cop N, Decuyper II, Faber MA, Sabato V, Bridts CH, Hagendorens MM, De Winter BY, De Clerck LS, Ebo DG. Phenotypic and functional characterization ofin vitrocultured human mast cells. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2016; 92:348-354. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Cop
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - II Decuyper
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - MA Faber
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - V Sabato
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - CH Bridts
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - MM Hagendorens
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - BY De Winter
- Department of Pediatrics; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - LS De Clerck
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
| | - DG Ebo
- Department of Immunology; Allergology, Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital; Antwerp 2610 Belgium
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29
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Mangodt EA, Van Gasse AL, Bastiaensen A, Decuyper II, Uyttebroek A, Faber M, Sabato V, Bridts CH, Hagendorens MM, De Clerck LS, Ebo DG. Flow-assisted basophil activation tests in immediate drug hypersensitivity: two decades of Antwerp experience. Acta Clin Belg 2016; 71:19-25. [PMID: 27075810 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2015.1122871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed that flow-assisted analysis of in vitro-activated basophils can constitute a valuable adjunct in the in vitro diagnostic approach of immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHR). This article summarises the current experience with the basophil activation test in the diagnosis of IDHR, with particular focus on allergy to curarising neuromuscular blocking agents, antibiotics (β-lactams and fluoroquinolones), iodinated radiocontrast media and opiates.
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Human Mucosal Mast Cells Capture HIV-1 and Mediate Viral trans-Infection of CD4+ T Cells. J Virol 2015; 90:2928-37. [PMID: 26719250 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03008-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The gastrointestinal mucosa is the primary site where human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) invades, amplifies, and becomes persistently established, and cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 plays a pivotal role in mucosal viral dissemination. Mast cells are widely distributed in the gastrointestinal tract and are early targets for invasive pathogens, and they have been shown to have increased density in the genital mucosa in HIV-infected women. Intestinal mast cells express numerous pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and have been shown to combat various viral, parasitic, and bacterial infections. However, the role of mast cells in HIV-1 infection is poorly defined. In this study, we investigated their potential contributions to HIV-1 transmission. Mast cells isolated from gut mucosal tissues were found to express a variety of HIV-1 attachment factors (HAFs), such as DC-SIGN, heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), and α4β7 integrin, which mediate capture of HIV-1 on the cell surface. Intriguingly, following coculture with CD4(+) T cells, mast cell surface-bound viruses were efficiently transferred to target T cells. Prior blocking with anti-HAF antibody or mannan before coculture impaired viral trans-infection. Cell-cell conjunctions formed between mast cells and T cells, to which viral particles were recruited, and these were required for efficient cell-to-cell HIV-1 transmission. Our results reveal a potential function of gut mucosal mast cells in HIV-1 dissemination in tissues. Strategies aimed at preventing viral capture and transfer mediated by mast cells could be beneficial in combating primary HIV-1 infection. IMPORTANCE In this study, we demonstrate the role of human mast cells isolated from mucosal tissues in mediating HIV-1 trans-infection of CD4(+) T cells. This finding facilitates our understanding of HIV-1 mucosal infection and will benefit the development of strategies to combat primary HIV-1 dissemination.
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Siebenhaar F, Falcone FH, Tiligada E, Hammel I, Maurer M, Sagi-Eisenberg R, Levi-Schaffer F. The search for mast cell and basophil models--are we getting closer to pathophysiological relevance? Allergy 2015; 70:1-5. [PMID: 25155287 DOI: 10.1111/all.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Siebenhaar
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - F. H. Falcone
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Science; School of Pharmacy; University of Nottingham; Nottingham UK
| | - E. Tiligada
- Department of Pharmacology; Medical School University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - I. Hammel
- Department of Pathology; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - M. Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - R. Sagi-Eisenberg
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - F. Levi-Schaffer
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; School of Pharmacy; Institute for Drug Research; Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
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Expression of bioactive soluble human stem cell factor (SCF) from recombinant Escherichia coli by coproduction of thioredoxin and efficient purification using arginine in affinity chromatography. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 105:1-7. [PMID: 25286400 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell factor (SCF) known as the c-kit ligand is a two disulfide bridge-containing cytokine in the regulation of the development and function of hematopoietic cell lineages and other cells such as mast cells, germ cells, and melanocytes. The secreted soluble form of SCF exists as noncovalently associated homodimer and exerts its activity by signaling through the c-Kit receptor. In this report, we present the high level expression of a soluble recombinant human SCF (rhSCF) in Escherichia coli. A codon-optimized Profinity eXact™-tagged hSCF cDNA was cloned into pET3b vector, and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) harboring a bacterial thioredoxin coexpression vector. The recombinant protein was purified via an affinity chromatography processed by cleavage with sodium fluoride, resulting in the complete proteolytic removal the N-terminal tag. Although almost none of the soluble fusion protein bound to the resin in standard protocol using 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.2), the use of binding buffer containing 0.5M l-arginine for protein stabilization dramatically enhanced binding to resin and recovery of the protein beyond expectation. Also pretreatment by Triton X-114 for removing endotoxin was effective for affinity chromatography. In chromatography performance, l-arginine was more effective than Triton X-114 treatment. Following Mono Q anion exchange chromatography, the target protein was isolated in high purity. The rhSCF protein specifically enhanced the viability of human myeloid leukemia cell line TF-1 and the proliferation and maturation of human mast cell line LAD2 cell. This novel protocol for the production of rhSCF is a simple, suitable, and efficient method.
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