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Zhang C, Kang T, Wang X, Song J, Zhang J, Li G. Stimuli-responsive platinum and ruthenium complexes for lung cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1035217. [PMID: 36324675 PMCID: PMC9618881 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1035217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. More efficient treatments are desperately needed. For decades, the success of platinum-based anticancer drugs has promoted the exploration of metal-based agents. Four ruthenium-based complexes have also entered clinical trials as candidates of anticancer metallodrugs. However, systemic toxicity, severe side effects and drug-resistance impeded their applications and efficacy. Stimuli-responsiveness of Pt- and Ru-based complexes provide a great chance to weaken the side effects and strengthen the clinical efficacy in drug design. This review provides an overview on the stimuli-responsive Pt- and Ru-based metallic anticancer drugs for lung cancer. They are categorized as endo-stimuli-responsive, exo-stimuli-responsive, and dual-stimuli-responsive prodrugs based on the nature of stimuli. We describe various representative examples of structure, response mechanism, and potential medical applications in lung cancer. In the end, we discuss the future opportunities and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Kang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Zhang, ; Guanying Li,
| | - Guanying Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Zhang, ; Guanying Li,
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Wu M, Zhang Z, Yong J, Schenk PM, Tian D, Xu ZP, Zhang R. Determination and Imaging of Small Biomolecules and Ions Using Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Chemosensors. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:29. [PMID: 35695976 PMCID: PMC9192387 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence chemosensors are one of the most useful tools for the determination and imaging of small biomolecules and ions in situ in real time. Based on the unique photo-physical/-chemical properties of ruthenium(II) (Ru(II)) complexes, the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and thus many Ru(II) complexes have been designed and synthesized for the detection of ions and small biomolecules in biological and environmental samples. In this work, we summarize the research advances in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors for the determination of ions and small biomolecules, including anions, metal ions, reactive biomolecules and amino acids, with a particular focus on binding/reaction-based chemosensors for the investigation of intracellular analytes’ evolution through luminescence analysis and imaging. The advances, challenges and future research directions in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zexi Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jiaxi Yong
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peer M Schenk
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dihua Tian
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Zhang WY, Banerjee S, Hughes GM, Bridgewater HE, Song JI, Breeze BG, Clarkson GJ, Coverdale JPC, Sanchez-Cano C, Ponte F, Sicilia E, Sadler PJ. Ligand-centred redox activation of inert organoiridium anticancer catalysts. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5466-5480. [PMID: 34094073 PMCID: PMC8159363 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00897d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Organometallic complexes with novel activation mechanisms are attractive anticancer drug candidates. Here, we show that half-sandwich iodido cyclopentadienyl iridium(iii) azopyridine complexes exhibit potent antiproliferative activity towards cancer cells, in most cases more potent than cisplatin. Despite their inertness towards aquation, these iodido complexes can undergo redox activation by attack of the abundant intracellular tripeptide glutathione (GSH) on the chelated azopyridine ligand to generate paramagnetic intermediates, and hydroxyl radicals, together with thiolate-bridged dinuclear iridium complexes, and liberate reduced hydrazopyridine ligand. DFT calculations provided insight into the mechanism of this activation. GS- attack on the azo bond facilitates the substitution of iodide by GS-, and leads to formation of GSSG and superoxide if O2 is present as an electron-acceptor, in a largely exergonic pathway. Reactions of these iodido complexes with GSH generate Ir-SG complexes, which are catalysts for GSH oxidation. The complexes promoted elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human lung cancer cells. This remarkable ligand-centred activation mechanism coupled to redox reactions adds a new dimension to the design of organoiridium anticancer prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - George M Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | | | - Ji-Inn Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Ben G Breeze
- Spectroscopy Research Technology Platform, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Guy J Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | | | | | - Fortuna Ponte
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria via Pietro Bucci 87036 Arcavacata di Rende Cs Italy
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria via Pietro Bucci 87036 Arcavacata di Rende Cs Italy
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
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Abate PO, Pourrieux G, Morán Vieyra FE, Borsarelli CD, Parella T, Vergara MM, Katz NE. A novel mononuclear complex of 4,4″-azobis-(2,2′-bipyridine) coordinated to tetracyanoruthenium(II) can behave as a “molecular switch”. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Photophysical, electrochemical, and DFT studies of the novel azacrown-bridged dinuclear ruthenium dye sensitizers for solar cells. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Zheng ZB, Han YF, Ge YQ, Cui JC, Zuo J, Nie K. Rapid and selective detection of biothiols by novel ruthenium(II) complex-based phosphorescence probes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 216:328-334. [PMID: 30909089 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Considering the excellent photochemical properties of ruthenium(II) complexes, two new ruthenium(II) complexes, RuL1-DNBS and RuL2-DNBS, have been developed as phosphorescence probes for detection of biothiols in 100:1 (v/v) Hepes buffer (20 mM, pH = 7.2)/CH3CN solution. The response rate was highly improved of these two probes toward biothiols because the steric interactions between 1H-imidazo [4, 5-f] [1,10] phenanthroline group and ortho-2, 4-dinitrobenzensulfonate resulted in a relatively rapid thiol-induced SNAr substitution reaction. RuL1-DNBS and RuL2-DNBS were weakly phosphorescent owing to the effectual photoinduced electron transfer from ruthenium(II) luminophore to the sensing group, 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl. After reacting with biothiols, the 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl group of RuL1-DNBS and RuL2-DNBS were cleavaged and the RuL1 and RuL2 were obtained. Meanwhile, the phosphorescence were "turn-on". Both of these two probes can detect biothiols sensitively and selectively under physiological conditions with submicromolar detection limits. Furthermore, application of RuL2-DNBS for detecting of intracellular biothiols has been successfully performed in living Glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Bao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China.
| | - Yin-Feng Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China
| | - Yan-Qing Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271016, PR China.
| | - Ji-Chun Cui
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, PR China
| | - Jian Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China
| | - Kun Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China
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Li Y, Shi N, Li M. An efficient ruthenium(ii) tris(bipyridyl)-based chemosensor for the specific detection of cysteine and its luminescence imaging in living zebrafish. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble, red emissive and cysteine-specific probe has been achieved through 1,4-addition of cysteine to α,β-unsaturated ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
| | - Ningning Shi
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
| | - Minna Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
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Chevalier A, Renard PY, Romieu A. Azo-Based Fluorogenic Probes for Biosensing and Bioimaging: Recent Advances and Upcoming Challenges. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2008-2028. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Chevalier
- Normandie Université, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen; COBRA (UMR 6014), IRCOF; rue Tesnières 76000 Rouen France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Université, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen; COBRA (UMR 6014), IRCOF; rue Tesnières 76000 Rouen France
| | - Anthony Romieu
- ICMUB, UMR 6302, CNRS; University Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon cedex France
- Institut Universitaire de France; 103, Boulevard Saint-Michel 75005 Paris France
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Zeng L, Kuang S, Li G, Jin C, Ji L, Chao H. A GSH-activatable ruthenium(ii)-azo photosensitizer for two-photon photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1977-1980. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc10330h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first dinuclear ruthenium(ii)-azo complex was developed as a glutathione (GSH)-activatable photosensitizer for use in two-photon photodynamic therapy upon irradiation in the NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leli Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Shi Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Guanying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Chengzhi Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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Cui Y, Hao Y, Zhang Y, Liu B, Zhu X, Qu P, Li D, Xu M. A water-soluble and retrievable ruthenium-based probe for colorimetric recognition of Hg(II) and Cys. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 165:150-154. [PMID: 27131874 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new ruthenium-based complex 1 [(bis(4,4'-dimethylphosphonic-2,2'-bipyridine) dithiocyanato ruthenium (II))] was developed as a colorimetric probe for the detection of Hg(II) and Cys (Cysteine). The obtained compound 1 can give interconversional color changes upon the alternating addition of Hg(II) and Cys in 100% aqueous solution. The specific coordination between NCS groups with Hg(II) can lead to the formation of 1-Hg(2+) complex, which can induce a remarkable spectral changes of probe 1. Afterwards the formed 1-Hg(2+) complex can act as effective colorimetric sensor for Cys. Owing to the stronger binding affinity of sulfhydryl group to Hg(2+), Cys can extract Hg(2+) from 1-Hg(2+) complex resulting in the release of 1 and the revival of absorption profile of the probe 1. By introducing the hydrophilic phosphonic acid groups, the proposed probe exhibited excellent water solubility. The limits of detection (LODs) of the assay for Hg(2+) and Cys are calculated to be 15nM and 200nM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Cui
- Institute of Environmental and Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yuanqiang Hao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China.
| | - Yintang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
| | - Baoxia Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
| | - Peng Qu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China
| | - Deliang Li
- Institute of Environmental and Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Maotian Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, Henan, China.
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Wang J, Liu HB, Tong Z, Ha CS. Fluorescent/luminescent detection of natural amino acids by organometallic systems. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sun L, Li G, Chen X, Chen Y, Jin C, Ji L, Chao H. Azo-Based Iridium(III) Complexes as Multicolor Phosphorescent Probes to Detect Hypoxia in 3D Multicellular Tumor Spheroids. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14837. [PMID: 26423609 PMCID: PMC4589790 DOI: 10.1038/srep14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an important characteristic of malignant solid tumors and is considered as a possible causative factor for serious resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. The exploration of novel fluorescent probes capable of detecting hypoxia in solid tumors will aid tumor diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we reported the design and synthesis of a series of "off-on" phosphorescence probes for hypoxia detection in adherent and three-dimensional multicellular spheroid models. All of the iridium(III) complexes incorporate an azo group as an azo-reductase reactive moiety to detect hypoxia. Reduction of non-phosphorescent probes Ir1-Ir8 by reductases under hypoxic conditions resulted in the generation of highly phosphorescent corresponding amines for detection of hypoxic regions. Moreover, these probes can penetrate into 3D multicellular spheroids over 100 μm and image the hypoxic regions. Most importantly, these probes display a high selectivity for the detection of hypoxia in 2D cells and 3D multicellular spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Guanying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chengzhi Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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