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Santos MB, de Azevedo Teotônio Cavalcanti M, de Medeiros E Silva YMS, Dos Santos Nascimento IJ, de Moura RO. Overview of the New Bioactive Heterocycles as Targeting Topoisomerase Inhibitors Useful Against Colon Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:236-262. [PMID: 38038012 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206269722231121173311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally, with high mortality. Metastatic CRC is incurable in most cases, and multiple drug therapy can increase patients' life expectancy by 2 to 3 years. Efforts are being made to understand the relationship between topoisomerase enzymes and colorectal cancer. Some studies have shown that higher expression of these enzymes is correlated to a poor prognosis for this type of cancer. One of the primary drugs used in the treatment of CRC is Irinotecan, which can be used in monotherapy or, more commonly, in therapeutic schemes such as FOLFIRI (Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Irinotecan) and CAPIRI (Capecitabine and Irinotecan). Like Camptothecin, Irinotecan and other compounds have a mechanism of action based on the formation of a ternary complex with topoisomerase I and DNA providing damage to it, therefore leading to cell death. Thus, this review focused on the principal works published in the last ten years that demonstrate a correlation between the inhibition of different isoforms of topoisomerase and in vitro cytotoxic activity against CRC by natural products, semisynthetic and synthetic compounds of pyridine, quinoline, acridine, imidazoles, indoles, and metal complexes. The results revealed that natural compounds, semisynthetic and synthetic derivatives showed potential in vitro cytotoxicity against several colon cancer cell lines, and this activity was often accompanied by the ability to inhibit both isoforms of topoisomerase (I and II), highlighting that these enzymes can be promising targets for the development of new chemotherapy against CRC. Pyridine analogs were considered the most promising for this study, while the evaluation of the real potential of natural products was limited by the lack of information in their work. Moreover, the complexes, although promising, presented as the main limitation the lack of selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelly Barbosa Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Misael de Azevedo Teotônio Cavalcanti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Yvnni Maria Sales de Medeiros E Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Igor José Dos Santos Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacy, Cesmac University Center, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Olimpio de Moura
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
- Drug Development and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, 58429-500, Brazil
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Ren G, Hao X, Yang S, Chen J, Qiu G, Ang KP, Mohd Tamrin MI. 10H-3,6-Diazaphenothiazines triggered the mitochondrial-dependent and cell death receptor-dependent apoptosis pathways and further increased the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells via inhibition of AKT1 pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22544. [PMID: 32619082 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in cancer categories, followed by lung, colorectal, and ovarian among the female gender across the world. 10H-3,6-diazaphenothiazine (PTZ) is a thiazine derivative compound that exhibits many pharmacological activities. Herein, we proceed to investigate the pharmacological activities of PTZ toward breast cancer MCF-7 cells as a representative in vitro breast cancer cell model. The PTZ exhibited a proliferation inhibition (IC50 = 0.895 µM) toward MCF-7 cells. Further, cell cycle analysis illustrated that the S-phase checkpoint was activated to achieve proliferation inhibition. In vitro cytotoxicity test on three normal cell lines (HEK293 normal kidney cells, MCF-10A normal breast cells, and H9C2 normal heart cells) demonstrated that PTZ was more potent toward cancer cells. Increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species results in polarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), together with suppression of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase enzymatic activity suggested that PTZ induced oxidative damages toward mitochondria and contributed to improved drug efficacy toward treatment. The RT2 PCR Profiler Array (human apoptosis pathways) proved that PTZ induced cell death via mitochondria-dependent and cell death receptor-dependent pathways, through a series of modulation of caspases, and the respective morphology of apoptosis was observed. Mechanistic studies of apoptosis suggested that PTZ inhibited AKT1 pathways resulting in enhanced drug efficacy despite it preventing invasion of cancer cells. These results showed the effectiveness of PTZ in initiation of apoptosis, programmed cell death, toward highly chemoresistant MCF-7 cells, thus suggesting its potential as a chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guobin Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kok Pian Ang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Islahuddin Mohd Tamrin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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3
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Espinosa AV, Costa DDS, Tunes LG, Monte‐Neto RLD, Grazul RM, Almeida MV, Silva H. Anticancer and antileishmanial in vitro activity of gold(I) complexes with 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2(
3H
)‐thione ligands derived from δ‐D‐gluconolactone. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:41-50. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Danilo de Souza Costa
- Departamento de Química ICEUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora MG Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mauro Vieira Almeida
- Departamento de Química ICEUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora MG Brazil
| | - Heveline Silva
- Departamento de Química ICExUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
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4
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Martín-Encinas E, Conejo-Rodríguez V, Miguel JA, Martínez-Ilarduya JM, Rubiales G, Knudsen BR, Palacios F, Alonso C. Novel phosphine sulphide gold(i) complexes: topoisomerase I inhibitors and antiproliferative agents. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7852-7861. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01467b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold(i) increases the cytotoxicity of phosphine sulfide quinolines against cancer cell lines, while heterocycles maintain the TopI inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endika Martín-Encinas
- Department of Organic Chemistry I
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria-Gasteiz
- Spain
| | | | - Jesús A. Miguel
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica
- Faculty of Science
- University of Valladolid
- Valladolid
- Spain
| | | | - Gloria Rubiales
- Department of Organic Chemistry I
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria-Gasteiz
- Spain
| | - Birgitta R. Knudsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- University of Aarhus
- Aarhus
- Denmark
| | - Francisco Palacios
- Department of Organic Chemistry I
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria-Gasteiz
- Spain
| | - Concepción Alonso
- Department of Organic Chemistry I
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria-Gasteiz
- Spain
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Mármol I, Quero J, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Cerrada E. Gold as a Possible Alternative to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060780. [PMID: 31195711 PMCID: PMC6628079 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing incidence and high mortality associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Classic chemotherapy against CRC is based on oxaliplatin and other cisplatin analogues; however, platinum-based therapy lacks selectivity to cancer cells and leads to deleterious side effects. In addition, tumor resistance to oxaliplatin is related to chemotherapy failure. Gold(I) derivatives are a promising alternative to platinum complexes, since instead of interacting with DNA, they target proteins overexpressed on tumor cells, thus leading to less side effects than, but a comparable antitumor effect to, platinum derivatives. Moreover, given the huge potential of gold nanoparticles, the role of gold in CRC chemotherapy is not limited to gold(I) complexes. Gold nanoparticles have been found to be able to overcome multidrug resistance along with reduced side effects due to a more efficient uptake of classic drugs. Moreover, the use of gold nanoparticles has enhanced the effect of traditional therapies such as radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, or photodynamic therapy, and has displayed a potential role in diagnosis as a consequence of their optic properties. Herein, we have reviewed the most recent advances in the use of gold(I) derivatives and gold nanoparticles in CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Mármol
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, CIBERobn, IIS Aragón IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Javier Quero
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, CIBERobn, IIS Aragón IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, CIBERobn, IIS Aragón IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Elena Cerrada
- Deparment of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zaragoza, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, University of Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Yeo CI, Ooi KK, Tiekink ERT. Gold-Based Medicine: A Paradigm Shift in Anti-Cancer Therapy? Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061410. [PMID: 29891764 PMCID: PMC6100309 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new era of metal-based drugs started in the 1960s, heralded by the discovery of potent platinum-based complexes, commencing with cisplatin [(H₃N)₂PtCl₂], which are effective anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. While clinical applications of gold-based drugs largely relate to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, attention has turned to the investigation of the efficacy of gold(I) and gold(III) compounds for anti-cancer applications. This review article provides an account of the latest research conducted during the last decade or so on the development of gold compounds and their potential activities against several cancers as well as a summary of possible mechanisms of action/biological targets. The promising activities and increasing knowledge of gold-based drug metabolism ensures that continued efforts will be made to develop gold-based anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University. No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Kah Kooi Ooi
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University. No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University. No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
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Kuan FS, Jotani MM, Tiekink ERT. New monoclinic form of { O-Ethyl N-(4-nitro-phen-yl)thio-carbamato-κ S}(tri-4-tolyl-phosphane-κ P)gold(I): crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:1465-1471. [PMID: 29250359 PMCID: PMC5730296 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017012865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title phosphanegold(I) thiol-ate compound, [Au(C9H9N2O3S)(C21H21P)], is a second monoclinic polymorph (space group P21/c) that complements a previously reported Cc polymorph [Broker & Tiekink (2008 ▸). Acta Cryst. E64, m1582]. An SP donor set defines an approximately linear geometry about the gold atom in both forms. The key distinguishing feature between the present structure and the previously reported polymorph rests with the relative disposition of the thiol-ate ligand. In the title compound, the orientation is such to place the oxygen atom in close contact with the gold atom [Au⋯O = 2.915 (2) Å], in contrast to the aryl ring in the original polymorph. In the crystal, linear supra-molecular chains along the a-axis direction mediated by C-H⋯π and nitro-O⋯π inter-actions are found. These pack with no directional inter-actions between them. The analysis of the Hirshfeld surfaces for both forms of [Au(C9H9N3O3S)(C21H21P)] indicates quite distinctive inter-action profiles relating to the differences in inter-molecular contacts found in their respective crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong Sheen Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Mukesh M. Jotani
- Department of Physics, Bhavan’s Sheth R. A. College of Science, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380001, India
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Siddiqui R, Abjani F, Yeo CI, Tiekink ERT, Khan NA. The effects of phosphanegold(I) thiolates on the biological properties of Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype. J Negat Results Biomed 2017; 16:6. [PMID: 28366172 PMCID: PMC5376697 DOI: 10.1186/s12952-017-0070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gold compounds have shown promise in the treatment of non-communicable diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and cancer, and are considered of value as anti-microbial agents against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and have anti-parasitic properties against Schistosoma mansoni, Trypanosoma brucei, Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania infantinum, Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica. They are known to affect enzymatic activities that are required for the cellular respiration processes. METHODS Anti-amoebic effects of phosphanegold(I) thiolates were tested against clinical isolate of A. castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype by employing viability assays, growth inhibition assays, encystation assays, excystation assays, and zymographic assays. RESULTS The treatment of A. castellanii with the phosphanegold(I) thiolates tested (i) had no effect on the viability of A. castellanii as determined by Trypan blue exclusion test, (ii) did not affect amoebae growth using PYG growth medium, (iii) did not inhibit cellular differentiation, and (iv) had no effect on the extracellular proteolytic activities of A. castellanii. CONCLUSION Being free-living amoeba, A. castellanii is a versatile respirator and possesses respiratory mechanisms that adapt to various aerobic and anaerobic environments to avoid toxic threats and adverse conditions. For the first time, our findings showed that A. castellanii exhibits resistance to the toxic effects of gold compounds and could prove to be an attractive model to study mechanisms of metal resistance in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farhat Abjani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chien Ing Yeo
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ooi KK, Yeo CI, Mahandaran T, Ang KP, Akim AM, Cheah YK, Seng HL, Tiekink ER. G 2 /M cell cycle arrest on HT-29 cancer cells and toxicity assessment of triphenylphosphanegold(I) carbonimidothioates, Ph 3 PAu[SC(OR) = NPh], R = Me, Et, and iPr, during zebrafish development. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 166:173-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Yeo CI, Tan SL, Tiekink ERT. A non-solvated form of [( Z)- O-methyl- N-(2-methyl-phen-yl)-thio-carbamato-κ S](tri-phenyl-phosphane-κ P)gold(I): crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:1446-1452. [PMID: 27746938 PMCID: PMC5050773 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016014419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, [Au(C9H10NOS)(C18H15P)], features a near linear P-Au-S arrangement defined by phosphane P and thiol-ate S atoms with the minor distortion from the ideal [P-Au-S is 177.61 (2)°] being traced in part to the close intra-molecular approach of an O atom [Au⋯O = 3.040 (2) Å]. The packing features supra-molecular layers lying parallel to (011) sustained by a combination of C-H⋯π and π-π [inter-centroid distance = 3.8033 (17) Å] inter-actions. The mol-ecular structure and packing are compared with those determined for a previously reported hemi-methanol solvate [Kuan et al. (2008 ▸). CrystEngComm, 10, 548-564]. Relatively minor differences are noted in the conformations of the rings in the Au-containing mol-ecules. A Hirshfeld surface analysis confirms the similarity in the packing with the most notable differences relating to the formation of C-H⋯S contacts between the constituents of the solvate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sang Loon Tan
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Yeo CI, Tan SL, Otero-de-la-Roza A, Tiekink ER. A conformational polymorph of Ph3PAu[SC(OEt)=NPh] featuring an intramolecular Au···π interaction. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2016-1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A conformational polymorph, form β, for Ph3PAu[SC(OEt)=NPh] has been characterised. Like the original structure (form α), the molecule features a linear P–Au–S geometry. The difference between molecular structures rests with the relative disposition of the thiolate ligand which places the N-bound aryl ring in close proximity to the gold centre (form β) rather than the oxygen atom (form α). Density functional theory calculations show the molecule with the Au···π interaction is more stable by 5.2 kcal/mol than the one with the Au···O contact. The molecular packing of both forms are stabilised by C–H···O and C–H···π interactions which make approximately the same contribution to the overall Hirshfeld surfaces. However, key indicators, e.g. crystal packing efficiency and density, and the computational results suggest form β is the thermodynamically favoured form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Sunway University, Faculty of Science and Technology, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sang Loon Tan
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Sunway University, Faculty of Science and Technology, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Alberto Otero-de-la-Roza
- National Research Council of Canada, National Institute for Nanotechnology, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2M9
| | - Edward R.T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Sunway University, Faculty of Science and Technology, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Yeo CI, Tan SL, Tiekink ERT. A monoclinic polymorph of [(Z)-N-(3-chloro-phen-yl)-O-methyl-thio-carbamato-κS](tri-phenyl-phosphane-κP)gold(I): crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:1068-73. [PMID: 27536384 PMCID: PMC4971843 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016010781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, [Au(C8H7ClNOS)(C18H15P)], is a monoclinic (P21/n, Z' = 1; form β) polymorph of the previously reported triclinic form (P-1, Z' = 1; form α) [Tadbuppa & Tiekink (2010 ▸). Acta Cryst. E66, m664]. The mol-ecular structures of both forms feature an almost linear gold(I) coordination geometry [P-Au-S = 175.62 (5)° in the title polymorph], being coordinated by thiol-ate S and phosphane P atoms, a Z conformation about the C=N bond and an intra-molecular Au⋯O contact. The major conformational difference relates to the relative orientations of the residues about the Au-S bond: the P-Au-S-C torsion angles are -8.4 (7) and 106.2 (7)° in forms α and β, respectively. The mol-ecular packing of form β features centrosymmetric aggregates sustained by aryl-C-H⋯O inter-actions, which are connected into a three-dimensional network by aryl-C-H⋯π contacts. The Hirshfeld analysis of forms α and β shows many similarities with the notable exception of the influence of C-H⋯O inter-actions in form β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sang Loon Tan
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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13
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Yeo CI, Tan YS, Tiekink ERT. Crystal structures of 5-amino-N-phenyl-3H-1,2,4-di-thia-zol-3-iminium chloride and 5-amino-N-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-3H-1,2,4-di-thia-zol-3-iminium chloride monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:1159-64. [PMID: 26594396 PMCID: PMC4647351 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015016655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The crystal and mol-ecular structures of the title salt, C8H8N3S2 (+)·Cl(-), (I), and salt hydrate, C8H7ClN3S2 (+)·Cl(-)·H2O, (II), are described. The heterocyclic ring in (I) is statistically planar and forms a dihedral angle of 9.05 (12)° with the pendant phenyl ring. The comparable angle in (II) is 15.60 (12)°, indicating a greater twist in this cation. An evaluation of the bond lengths in the H2N-C-N-C-N sequence of each cation indicates significant delocalization of π-electron density over these atoms. The common feature of the crystal packing in (I) and (II) is the formation of charge-assisted amino-N-H⋯Cl(-) hydrogen bonds, leading to helical chains in (I) and zigzag chains in (II). In (I), these are linked by chains mediated by charge-assisted iminium-N(+)-H⋯Cl(-) hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional architecture. In (II), the chains are linked into a layer by charge-assisted water-O-H⋯Cl(-) and water-O-H⋯O(water) hydrogen bonds with charge-assisted iminium-N(+)-H⋯O(water) hydrogen bonds providing the connections between the layers to generate the three-dimensional packing. In (II), the chloride anion and water mol-ecules are resolved into two proximate sites with the major component being present with a site occupancy factor of 0.9327 (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Seng Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Chemical Crystallography, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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14
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Jotani MM, Yeo CI, Tiekink ERT. Crystal structure of 1-(4-methyl-phen-yl)-3-(propan-2-yl-idene-amino)-thio-urea. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:1236-41. [PMID: 26594415 PMCID: PMC4647415 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015017624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the title thio-semicarbazone, C11H15N3S, the p-tolyl-N-H and imino-N-H groups are anti and syn, respectively, to the central thione-S atom. This allows for the formation of an intra-molecular p-tolyl-N-H⋯N(imino) hydrogen bond. The mol-ecule is twisted with the dihedral angle between the p-tolyl ring and the non-hydrogen atoms of the N=CMe2 residue being 29.27 (8)°. The crystal packing features supra-molecular layers lying in the bc plane whereby centrosymmetric aggregates sustained by eight-membered thio-amide {⋯HNCS}2 synthons are linked by further N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds. Layers are connected via methyl-C-H⋯π inter-actions. The supra-molecular aggregation was further investigated by an analysis of the Hirshfeld surface and comparison made to related structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh M. Jotani
- Department of Physics, Bhavan’s Sheth R. A. College of Science, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380001, India
| | - Chien Ing Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Chemical Crystallography, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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15
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Yeo CI, Tan YS, Tiekink ERT. Crystal structure of bis-[μ-bis-(di-phenyl-phosphanyl)methane-κ(2) P:P']digold(I) dichloride acetone monosolvate monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:937-40. [PMID: 26396760 PMCID: PMC4571361 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015013341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the title complex salt, [Au2{(C6H5)2PCH2P(C6H5)2}]Cl2·(CH3)2C=O·H2O, the dication forms an eight-membered {-PCPAu}2 ring with a transannular aurophilic inter-action [Au⋯Au = 2.9743 (2) Å]. The ring approximates a flattened boat conformation, with the two methyl-ene C atoms lying ca 0.58-0.59 Å above the least-squares plane defined by the Au2P4 atoms (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0849 Å). One Cl(-) anion functions as a weak bridge between the Au(I) atoms [Au⋯Cl = 2.9492 (13) and 2.9776 (12) Å]. The second Cl(-) anion forms two (water)O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds about a centre of inversion, forming a centrosymmetric eight-membered {⋯HOH⋯Cl}2 supra-molecular square. Globally, the dications and loosely associated Cl(-) anions assemble into layers lying parallel to the ac plane, being connected by C-H⋯Cl,π(phen-yl) inter-actions. The supra-molecular squares and solvent acetone mol-ecules are sandwiched in the inter-layer region, being connected to the layers on either side by C-H⋯Cl,O(acetone) inter-actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Seng Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Phosphanegold(I) thiolates, Ph3PAu[SC(OR)=NC6H4Me-4] for R = Me, Et and iPr, induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibit cell invasion of HT-29 colon cancer cells through modulation of the nuclear factor-κB activation pathway and ubiquitination. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:855-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Mohd Nor NAM, Ahmad J, Abdullah Z, Abdul Halim SN, Otero-de-la-Roza A, Tiekink ER. Bipodal benzoylthiocarbamic acid esters: crystal and molecular structures of R = Et (a polymorph), and of a binuclear Cu(I) complex, R = iPr. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2014-1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The crystal and molecular structure of a second polymorph (P21/n) of [1,4-ROC(=S)N(H)C(=O)C6H4C(=O)N(H)C(=S)OR], R = Et, is shown to have inversion symmetry and to have a more twisted conformation than the previously reported P43212 form which has 2-fold symmetry. Despite utilising equivalent atoms in forming intermolecular interactions, very distinct crystal packing patterns are observed. Crystal characteristics and theory (DFT) are consistent with the P43212 form being more stable, a conclusion correlated with the observation that this form is the overwhelming majority of the sample (PXRD). An analysis of a binuclear copper(I) complex containing the R = iPr analogue, reveals the neutral ligand to bind via the thione-S atom resulting in a distorted ClP2S tetrahedral geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jimmy Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zanariah Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Alberto Otero-de-la-Roza
- National Research Council of Canada, National Institute for Nanotechnology, 11421 Saskatchewa Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2M9
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18
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Yeo CI, Khoo CH, Chu WC, Chen BJ, Chu PL, Sim JH, Cheah YK, Ahmad J, Abdul Halim SN, Seng HL, Ng S, Otero-de-la-Roza A, Tiekink ERT. The importance of Au⋯π(aryl) interactions in the formation of spherical aggregates in binuclear phosphane gold(i) complexes of a bipodal thiocarbamate dianion: a combined crystallographic and computational study, and anti-microbial activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05604g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Compact molecular structures of antimicrobial (R3PAu)2L (R = Et (1), Ph ((2) and Cy ((3); LH2 = {1,4-[MeOC(S)-N(H)]2C6H4}), arise from intramolecular Au⋯π(aryl) interactions, proven by theory to be attractive and 12 kcal mol–1 more stable than anticipated Au⋯O interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Chai-Hoon Khoo
- Department of Biomedical Science
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
- University Putra Malaysia
- Malaysia
| | - Wern-Cui Chu
- Department of Biomedical Science
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
- University Putra Malaysia
- Malaysia
| | - Bao-Jing Chen
- Department of Biomedical Science
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
- University Putra Malaysia
- Malaysia
| | - Pek-Lim Chu
- Department of Biomedical Science
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
- University Putra Malaysia
- Malaysia
| | - Jiun-Horng Sim
- Department of Biomedical Science
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
- University Putra Malaysia
- Malaysia
| | - Yoke-Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Science
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
- University Putra Malaysia
- Malaysia
| | - Jimmy Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | | | - Hoi-Ling Seng
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Sunway University
- Malaysia
| | - Soon Ng
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - A. Otero-de-la-Roza
- National Institute for Nanotechnology
- National Research Council of Canada
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2M9
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19
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Serebryanskaya TV, Lyakhov AS, Ivashkevich LS, Schur J, Frias C, Prokop A, Ott I. Gold(i) thiotetrazolates as thioredoxin reductase inhibitors and antiproliferative agents. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:1161-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03105a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gold(i) complexes with thiotetrazolate ligands are potent TrxR inhibitors with activity in drug resistant Nalm-6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiyana V. Serebryanskaya
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
| | - Alexander S. Lyakhov
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220030 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Ludmila S. Ivashkevich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220030 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Julia Schur
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Corazon Frias
- Department of Paedriatric Oncology
- Children's Hospital Cologne
- 50735 Cologne
- Germany
| | - Aram Prokop
- Department of Paedriatric Oncology
- Children's Hospital Cologne
- 50735 Cologne
- Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
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Yeo CI, Halim SNA, Ng SW, Tan SL, Zukerman-Schpector J, Ferreira MAB, Tiekink ERT. Investigation of putative arene-C-H···π(quasi-chelate ring) interactions in copper(I) crystal structures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5984-6. [PMID: 24763907 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02040e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for C-H···π(CuCl···HNCS) interactions, i.e. C-H···π(quasi-chelate ring) where a six-membered quasi-chelate ring is closed by an N-H···Cl hydrogen bond, is presented based on crystal structure analyses of (Ph3P)2Cu[ROC(=S)N(H)Ph]Cl. Similar intramolecular interactions are identified in related literature structures. Calculations suggest that the energy of attraction provided by such interactions approximates 3.5 kcal mol(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Ing Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Chaves JDS, Neumann F, Francisco TM, Corrêa CC, Lopes MTP, Silva H, Fontes APS, de Almeida MV. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of gold(I) complexes containing phosphines and 3-benzyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione or 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione as ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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22
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Jamaludin NS, Goh ZJ, Cheah YK, Ang KP, Sim JH, Khoo CH, Fairuz ZA, Halim SNBA, Ng SW, Seng HL, Tiekink ERT. Phosphanegold(I) dithiocarbamates, R3PAu[SC(=S)N((i)Pr)CH2CH2OH] for R = Ph, Cy and Et: role of phosphane-bound R substituents upon in vitro cytotoxicity against MCF-7R breast cancer cells and cell death pathways. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 67:127-41. [PMID: 23856069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of R3PAu[S2CN((i)Pr)CH2CH2OH], for R = Ph (1), Cy (2) and Et (3)4, is reported. Compounds 1-3 are cytotoxic against the doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cell line, MCF-7R, with 1 exhibiting greater potency and cytotoxicity than either of doxorubicin and cisplatin. Based on human apoptosis PCR-array analysis, caspase activities, DNA fragmentation, cell apoptotic assays, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements and human topoisomerase I inhibition, induction of apoptosis by 1, and necrosis by 2 and 3, are demonstrated, by both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Compound 1 activates the p53 gene, 2 activates only the p73 gene, whereas 3 activates both the p53 and p73 genes. Compounds 1 and 3 activate NF-κB, and each inhibits topoisomerase I.
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