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Han X, Cheng R, Huang L, Yu P, Feng L, Ren G, Mitchell A, Tian Y, Ren X, Xia H. Ultra-broadband TM-pass polarizer based on anisotropic metamaterials in lithium niobate on an insulator. Opt Lett 2024; 49:1774-1777. [PMID: 38560860 DOI: 10.1364/ol.517103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
An ultra-broadband TM-pass polarizer is designed, fabricated, and experimentally demonstrated based on subwavelength grating (SWG) metamaterials in a lithium niobate on an insulator (LNOI) platform. According to our simulation, the designed device is predicted to work at a 220 nm wavelength range from 1460 to 1680 nm, covering the S-, C-, L-, U-bands of optical fiber communication. By depositing and subsequently etching a silicon nitride thin film atop the LNOI chip, the SWG structures are formed successfully by using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible fabrication processes. The measured results show a high polarization extinction ratio larger than 20 dB and a relatively low insertion loss below 2.5 dB over a 130 nm wavelength range from 1500 to 1630 nm, mainly limited by the operation bandwidth of our laser source.
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Yi S, Ren G, Zhu Y, Cong Q. Correlation analysis of hepatic steatosis and hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study. Virol J 2024; 21:22. [PMID: 38243304 PMCID: PMC10799397 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The co-occurrence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has drawn considerable attention due to its impact on disease outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between hepatic steatosis and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and analyzed the influence of hepatic steatosis on hepatitis B virology in patients with CHB. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 272 patients infected with HBV who were treatment-naïve or had ceased antiviral treatment for > 6 months were categorized into the CHB group (n = 128) and CHB + MAFLD group (n = 144). Furthermore, based on whether HBV DNA was higher than 2000 IU/mL, patients were categorized into the high-level HBV DNA group (n = 129) and the low-level HBV DNA group (n = 143). The impact of hepatic steatosis on hepatitis B virology was analyzed within the CHB cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent factors influencing pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA) levels below the lower limit of detection (LLD) in patients with CHB. RESULTS Among the 272 patients, compared with CHB group, HBV DNA levels (4.11 vs. 3.62 log10 IU/mL, P = 0.045), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels (3.52 vs. 3.20 log10 IU/mL, P = 0.008) and the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive rate (33.6% vs. 22.2%, P = 0.036) were significantly decreased in the CHB + MAFLD group; In 143 low-level HBV DNA patients, the CHB + MAFLD group exhibited decreased levels of pgRNA and HBsAg compared to the CHB group. However, in 129 high-level HBV DNA patients, a more significant decrease was observed in pgRNA (3.85 vs 3.35 log10 copies/mL, P = 0.044) and HBsAg (3.85 vs 3.59 log10 IU/mL, P = 0.033); Spearman correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between hepatic steatosis and pgRNA (r = - 0.529, P < 0.001), HBV DNA (r = - 0.456, P < 0.001), HBsAg (r = - 0.465, P < 0.001) and HBeAg (r = - 0.339, P < 0.001) levels; Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified HBV DNA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.283, P < 0.001), HBsAg (OR = 0.300, P < 0.001), and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values (OR = 1.013, P = 0.038) as independent factors influencing pgRNA levels below the LLD in patients with CHB. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes a negative correlation between hepatic steatosis and hepatitis B virology, demonstrating decreased HBV expression in patients with CHB + MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Yi
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Qingwei Cong
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Zhang J, Ren G, Huang T, Sang Y, Zhong Y, Yi Y. miRNA-363-3p Hinders Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Autophagy of Thyroid Cancer Cells by Controlling SYT1 Transcription to affect NF-κB. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:153-162. [PMID: 37150983 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230504112553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer (TC) is a frequent endocrine malignant tumor with various pathologic types. miRNA-363-3p plays a pivotal part in the occurrence, development, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of miRNA-363-3p in TC and provide a new idea for targeted therapy of TC. METHODS Differential miRNAs and downstream target mRNAs in TC tissues were predicted with bioinformatics analysis. Expression levels of miRNA-363-3p and Synaptotagmin I (SYT1) in TC cells were ascertained by qRT-PCR. Cell migration, invasion, and proliferation were detected by wound healing assay, transwell assay, colony formation assay, CCK-8, and BrdU fluorescence experiment, respectively. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect the levels of apoptosis and necrosis. Immunofluorescence assay was used for detecting autophagosome formation in cells, and the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins, as well as NF-κB related proteins, were measured by western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was applied for detecting the interaction between miRNA-363-3p and SYT1. RESULTS miRNA-363-3p was prominently down-regulated in TC cells. miRNA-363-3p overexpression suppressed migration, invasion, and proliferation, promoting apoptosis and necrosis of TC cells. As the downstream target of miRNA-363-3p, SYT1 was up-regulated in TC cells. SYT1 overexpression reversed the inhibition of TC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and autophagy mediated by miRNA-363-3p overexpression. In addition, miRNA-363-3p overexpression inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway in cells, while further overexpression of SYT1 weakened the inhibition of miRNA-363-3p overexpression on the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION miRNA-363-3p affected the NF-κB signaling pathway by down-regulating SYT1 expression to inhibit the malignant progression of TC cells, providing theoretical support for the treatment of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Yiming Sang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Yongxiang Yi
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
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Ren G, Bai C, Yi S, Cong Q, Zhu Y. Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for MAFLD Targeting TLR4 Signaling Pathways. J Innate Immun 2023; 16:45-55. [PMID: 38128497 PMCID: PMC10783892 DOI: 10.1159/000535524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are intricate and involve various factors. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of available effective treatment options. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern-recognition receptors that are responsible for activating the innate immune system. Research has demonstrated that TLR4 plays a pivotal role in the progression of MAFLD by facilitating the pathophysiological mechanisms. SUMMARY Lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory factors, insulin resistance (IR), and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota are considered as the pathogenic mechanisms of MAFLD. This review summarizes the impact of TLR4 signaling pathways on the progression of MAFLD, specifically in relation to lipid metabolic disorders, IR, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota disorders. Additionally, we emphasize the potential therapeutic approaches for MAFLD that target TLR4 signaling pathways, including the use of plant extracts, traditional Chinese medicines, probiotics, pharmaceuticals such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor antagonists and farnesol X agonists, and lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and exercise also considered. Furthermore, TLR4 signaling pathways have also been linked to the lean MAFLD. KEY MESSAGES TLR4 plays a crucial role in MAFLD by triggering IR, buildup of lipids, imbalance in gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and initiation of immune responses. The mitigation of MAFLD can be accomplished by suppressing the TLR4 signaling pathway. In the future, it could potentially emerge as a therapeutic target for the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ren
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,
| | - Changchuan Bai
- Dalian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Sitong Yi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Cong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Ding Q, Liu Y, Ju H, Song H, Xiao Y, Liu X, Ren G, Wei D. Reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation predicted the efficacy of camrelizumab in patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2023; 28:e525-e529. [PMID: 37330963 PMCID: PMC10635619 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP), a special adverse event (AE) only observed in patients treated with camrelizumab, was reported to be correlated with the efficacy of camrelizumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. This study to analyze the possible correlation between the occurrence of RCCEP and efficacy of camrelizumab in patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and RCCEP occurrence of camrelizumab in 58 patients with R/M HNSCC in the Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine between January 2019 and June 2022. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the correlation between the occurrence of RCCEP and the survival of enrolled patients, and COX multifactor analysis was adopted to evaluate associated factors that affected the efficacy of camrelizumab immunotherapy. RESULTS A significant correlation between the incidence of RCCEP and a higher objective response rate was observed in this study (p=0.008). The occurrence of RCCEP was associated with better median overall survival (17.0 months vs. 8.7 months, p<0.0001, HR=5.944, 95% CI:2.097-16.84) and better median progression-free survival (15.1 months vs. 4.0 months, p<0.0001, HR=4.329,95% CI:1.683-11.13). In COX multifactor analysis, RCCEP occurrence was also an independent prognostic factor affecting OS and PFS in patients with R/M HNSCC. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of RCCEP can show a better prognosis, it could be used as a clinical biomarker to predict the efficacy of camrelizumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Ding
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Zip code: 200011, 639 Zhi-zao-ju Road, Shanghai, China
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Liu X, Ren G, Xu X, Dubey A, Feleppa T, Boes A, Mitchell A, Lowery A. Adaptive dispersion compensation using a photonic integrated circuit finite impulse response filter. Opt Express 2023; 31:35971-35981. [PMID: 38017757 DOI: 10.1364/oe.496387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Optical equalization can be used for chromatic dispersion compensation in optical communication systems to improve the system performance; however, optical signal processing (OSP) is generally specifically designed for transmission channels, that is non-adaptive to dynamic transmission distortions compared with digital signal processing (DSP). In this contribution, we demonstrate optical equalization using a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) filter for chromatic dispersion compensation, with static and adaptive techniques: (a) the static optical equalizer is calibrated based on the known fiber dispersion and length, by using the fractional delay reference method; (b) the adaptive optical equalizer is updated iteratively to compensate transmission impairments based on a least-mean squares (LMS) algorithm. Experimental results show that both the static optical equalizer and the adaptive optical LMS equalizer can give an 18-dB Q-factor for a 14-Gbd QPSK signal transmitting over 30 km. To highlight the capability of the optical equalizers, we use simulations to show the improvement in dispersion compensating characteristics by implementing additional taps.
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Li H, Lu L, Yu J, Zheng X, Zhang D, Chen W, Feng Y, Ren G, Zhu L. Low dark current density extended short-wavelength infrared superlattice photodetector with atomic layer deposited Al 2O 3 passivation. Appl Opt 2023; 62:7960-7965. [PMID: 38038088 DOI: 10.1364/ao.501175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on a low dark current density P-B-i-N extended short-wavelength infrared photodetector with atomic layer deposited (ALD) A l 2 O 3 passivation based on a InAs/GaSb/AlSb superlattice. The dark current density of the A l 2 O 3 passivated device was reduced by 38% compared to the unpassivated device. The cutoff wavelength of the photodetector is 1.8 µm at 300 K. The photodetector exhibited a room-temperature (300 K) peak responsivity of 0.44 A/W at 1.52 µm, corresponding to a quantum efficiency of 35.8%. The photodetector exhibited a specific detectivity (D ∗) of 1.08×1011 c m⋅H z 1/2/W with a low dark current density of 3.4×10-5 A/c m 2 under -50m v bias at 300 K. The low dark current density A l 2 O 3 passivated device is expected to be used in the fabrication of extended short-wavelength infrared focal plane arrays for imaging.
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Tang P, Schoenhardt S, Ren G, Han X, Boes A, Tian Y, Nguyen TG, Mitchell A. Ridge resonators with compact guided mode coupling. Opt Express 2023; 31:34189-34200. [PMID: 37859180 DOI: 10.1364/oe.498428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Ridge resonators are a recently introduced integrated photonic circuit element based on bound states in the continuum (BICs) which can produce a single, sharp resonance over a broad wavelength range with high extinction ratio. However, to excite these resonators, a broad beam of laterally unbound slab mode is required, resulting in a large device footprint, which is not attractive for integrated photonic circuits. In this contribution, we propose and numerically validate a guided-mode waveguide structure that can be analogue to the BIC-based ridge resonators. Our simulations show that the proposed guided-mode waveguide structure can produce resonances with similar characteristics, yet with a significantly reduced footprint. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of the resonator's dimensions on the bandwidth of the resonance, demonstrating that resonances with Q-factors from low to very high (> 10000) are feasible. We believe that the reduced footprint and ability to design filters systematically make the guided-mode waveguide resonators an attractive photonic circuit component with particular value for foundry fabricated silicon photonic circuits.
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Ren G, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Chen Q, Wang S. Development and Validation of a Deep Learning-Based Auto-Delineation of Target Volume and Organs at Risk in Pancreatic Cancer Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e482-e483. [PMID: 37785527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV), gross target volume (GTV) and organs at risk (OARs) is a crucial and laborious in pancreatic cancer radiotherapy. In this work, we propose and evaluate a three-dimensional (3D) novel convolutional neural network (CNN) for automatic and accurate CTV, GTV and OARs in pancreatic cancer. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 120 computed tomography (CT) scans patients with pancreatic cancer were collected. A novel 3D CNN network, called ResUNet3D, was developed to achieve auto-delineation. 96 patients chosen randomly were used for training, 12 patients for validation, and 12 patients for testing. Meanwhile, the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and 95th percentile Hausdorff distance (HD95%) were used to assess the performance. RESULTS The DSC values for the test data were 80.9±8.6%, 77.5±5.6%, 94.5±1.3%, 66.2±13.4%, 73.6±7.6%, 79.0±8.7%, 94.1±1.9%, 94.6±1.4%, 87.3±5.8% for CTV, GTV, liver, duodenum, spinal cord, bowel, kidney left, kidney right, stomach. The corresponding HD95% values were 10.7±6.9mm, 7.8±5.7mm, 11.6±5.6mm, 18.6±5.6mm, 2.7±0.7mm, 17.7±8.6mm, 3.9±1.4mm, 3.7±1.9mm, 13.4±5.7mm, respectively. The average delineation time for one patient's CT images was within 5 seconds. CONCLUSION The experimental results demonstrate that the CTV, GTV and OARs delineated for pancreatic cancer by ResUNet3D achieved a close agreement with the ground truth. ResUNet3D could significantly reduce the radiation oncologists' contouring time.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China; Department of Radiotherapy, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Y Chen
- MedMind Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Q Chen
- MedMind Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - S Wang
- MedMind Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
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Lam YL, Lam S, Cheung ALY, Ho WY, Kong FM, Cai J, Ren G. Exploration of AI-Assisted On-Board Perfusion Imaging Technique on Patients Undergoing Thoraxradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e33. [PMID: 37785165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Pulmonary function of lung cancer patients can significantly change along the radiation therapy (RT) course. Scholars have synthesized lung function maps from computed tomography (CT) images. Still, there is lack of study exploring the feasibility of generating lung perfusion information from cone-beam CT (CBCT). Our study aims to fill up this gap in the body of literatures. MATERIALS/METHODS One-hundred-and-six pairs of planning CT and CBCT images of thoracic cancer patients from XX hospital were collected retrospectively. All CT images were registered to CBCT with a deformable algorithm, and referred as deformed planning CT (dCT). A 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) model built with cycle generative adversarial network (cycle-GAN) was trained to correct CBCT image artifacts and HU value discrepancies. The corrected CBCT was named enhanced CBCT (eCBCT) in this study. All CBCT, eCBCT and dCT images were then input to a pre-trained CT-to-perfusion deep learning (DL) model to synthesize perfusion images (PI), namely PICBCT, PIeCBCT and PIdCT respectively. For model training, 80 image pairs were assigned to the training set while others to the testing set. dCT and PIdCT were respectively regarded as the ground truth in two consecutive models. One extra validation case acquired with SPECT perfusion scan was collected for model performance test. Quantitative evaluation was done between the ground truth and the synthesized images. Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and mean absolute error (MAE) were computed to assess efficacy of CBCT enhancement. Correlation (R) and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) were used to evaluate voxel-wise and function-wise concurrence in CBCT-derived perfusion mapping. RESULTS In CBCT enhancement, [eCBCT-dCT] pairs demonstrated higher agreement than [CBCT-dCT] pairs. Quantitatively, PSNR and MAE were improved from 21.10±1.60 to 24.08±1.76, and 68.99±13.51 to 47.06±11.31 (p<0.01), respectively. For perfusion translation, higher correlation was demonstrated in both voxel-wise and function-wise evaluation within [PIeCBCT-PIdCT] than [PICBCT-PIdCT]. R correlation increased from 0.84±0.09 to 0.89±0.06 (p<0.01), whereas DSC in high-functional regions increased from 0.77±0.06 to 0.82±0.05 (p<0.01). In the validation case, strong correlation was observed between SPECT perfusion scan and PIeCBCT, with R increasing from 0.57 to 0.65 when compared to PICBCT. CONCLUSION We proposed a novel DL framework that synthesized perfusion images from fractionally acquired CBCT. Our framework met the clinical needs in providing real-time lung perfusion maps. It can be used to track the continuously changing pulmonary function status throughout the RT course using routinely scanned CBCT, without additional imaging modalities. The framework can facilitate functionally guided adaptive radiation therapy by providing immediate pulmonary function information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lam
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - A L Y Cheung
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; St Paul Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - W Y Ho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - F M Kong
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Cai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - G Ren
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Shi L, Lu L, Chen W, Chen G, He Y, Ren G, Zhu L. Si-Based Polarizer and 1-Bit Phase-Controlled Non-Polarizing Beam Splitter-Based Integrated Metasurface for Extended Shortwave Infrared. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2592. [PMID: 37764619 PMCID: PMC10535877 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces, composed of micro-nano-structured planar materials, offer highly tunable control over incident light and find significant applications in imaging, navigation, and sensing. However, highly efficient polarization devices are scarce for the extended shortwave infrared (ESWIR) range (1.7~2.5 μm). This paper proposes and demonstrates a highly efficient all-dielectric diatomic metasurface composed of single-crystalline Si nanocylinders and nanocubes on SiO2. This metasurface can serve as a nanoscale linear polarizer for generating polarization-angle-controllable linearly polarized light. At the wavelength of 2172 nm, the maximum transmission efficiency, extinction ratio, and linear polarization degree can reach 93.43%, 45.06 dB, and 0.9973, respectively. Moreover, a nonpolarizing beam splitter (NPBS) was designed and deduced theoretically based on this polarizer, which can achieve a splitting angle of ±13.18° and a phase difference of π. This beam splitter can be equivalently represented as an integration of a linear polarizer with controllable polarization angles and an NPBS with one-bit phase modulation. It is envisaged that through further design optimization, the phase tuning range of the metasurface can be expanded, allowing for the extension of the operational wavelength into the mid-wave infrared range, and the splitting angle is adjustable. Moreover, it can be utilized for integrated polarization detectors and be a potential application for optical digital encoding metasurfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidong Shi
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China; (L.S.); (W.C.); (G.C.); (Y.H.)
- Guangzhou Nansha ZiXi Intelligent Sensing Research Institute, Guangzhou 511462, China
| | - Lidan Lu
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China; (L.S.); (W.C.); (G.C.); (Y.H.)
- Guangzhou Nansha ZiXi Intelligent Sensing Research Institute, Guangzhou 511462, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China; (L.S.); (W.C.); (G.C.); (Y.H.)
- Guangzhou Nansha ZiXi Intelligent Sensing Research Institute, Guangzhou 511462, China
| | - Guang Chen
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China; (L.S.); (W.C.); (G.C.); (Y.H.)
- Guangzhou Nansha ZiXi Intelligent Sensing Research Institute, Guangzhou 511462, China
| | - Yanlin He
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China; (L.S.); (W.C.); (G.C.); (Y.H.)
- Guangzhou Nansha ZiXi Intelligent Sensing Research Institute, Guangzhou 511462, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Lianqing Zhu
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China; (L.S.); (W.C.); (G.C.); (Y.H.)
- Guangzhou Nansha ZiXi Intelligent Sensing Research Institute, Guangzhou 511462, China
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Yuan M, Ma M, Xiao H, Nguyen TG, Boes A, Ren G, Cheng L, Mitchell A, Tian Y. Integrated lithium niobate optical mode (de)interleaver based on an asymmetric Y-junction. Opt Lett 2023; 48:4713-4716. [PMID: 37656593 DOI: 10.1364/ol.500232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platforms promise unique advantages in realizing high-speed, large-capacity, and large-scale photonic integrated circuits (PICs) by leveraging lithium niobate's attractive material properties, which include electro-optic and nonlinear optic properties, low material loss, and a wide transparency window. Optical mode interleavers can increase the functionality of future PICs in LNOI by enabling optical mode division multiplexing (MDM) systems, allowing variable mode assignment while maintaining high channel utilization and capacity. In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate an optical mode interleaver based on an asymmetric Y-junction on the LNOI platform, which exhibits an insertion loss of below 0.46 dB and modal cross talk of below -13.0 dB over a wavelength range of 1500-1600 nm. The demonstrated mode interleaver will be an attractive circuit component in future high-speed and large-capacity PICs due to its simple structure, scalability, and capacity for efficient and flexible mode manipulation on the LNOI platform.
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Peng T, Yang Z, Ma T, Zhang M, Ren G. Comparative evaluation of the volume of occlusal adjustment of repositioning occlusal devices designed by using an average value digital articulator and the jaw movement analyzer. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00419-5. [PMID: 37537106 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The volume of occlusal adjustment of digital occlusal devices designed with different digital occlusal articulators is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy and volume of occlusal adjustment of digital occlusal devices designed by using an average value digital articulator and the jaw movement analyzer (JMA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty participants were randomly divided into 2 groups, an Average value group and a JMA group, with 15 participants in each group. The centric relation position of the participants was determined by an experienced investigator with the aid of a leaf gauge. An intraoral scanner (TRIOS 3) was used to obtain digital scans of the maxillary and mandibular dentition and the maxillomandibular relationship record in the centric relation position. Personalized articulator parameters of participants in the JMA group were obtained by using a JMA (JMAnalyser). Different articulator parameters were used to fabricate an occlusal device in a denture design software program (exocad DentalCAD). The surface of the occlusal device was coated with a dental optical spray and then scanned by using a laboratory scanner (Kavo LS3). The process was repeated after the occlusal device was adjusted. The files of the 2 scans were imported into a reverse engineering software program, and the root mean square (RMS) values were obtained by best-fit alignment and 3-dimensional comparison. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test and homogeneity of variance test were performed, and t tests were used to evaluate differences in the RMS values between the groups (α=.05). RESULTS The experimental data were generally normally distributed (P>.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the RMS values of the Average and the JMA groups (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS No significant difference in the volume of occlusal adjustment was found when using occlusal devices made by using the digital average articulator or the JMA, suggesting that either method can be used to program articulators for the fabrication of occlusal devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiwu Peng
- Graduate student, Dental Technology, School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhikang Yang
- Graduate student, Dental Technology, School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Teng Ma
- Graduate student, Dental Technology, School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mindi Zhang
- Graduate student, Dental Technology, School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Associate Professor, Center for Occlusion, Yantai Stomatological Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China.
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Ma T, Peng T, Lin Y, Zhang M, Ren G. Effect of internal structures on the accuracy of 3D printed full-arch dentition preparation models in different printing systems. J Adv Prosthodont 2023; 15:145-154. [PMID: 37441717 PMCID: PMC10333097 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.3.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate how internal structures influence the overall and marginal accuracy of full arch preparations fabricated through additive manufacturing in different printing systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS A full-arch preparation digital model was set up with three internal designs, including solid, hollow, and grid. These were printed using three different resin printers with nine models in each group. After scanning, each data was imported into the 3D data processing software together with the master cast, aligned and trimmed, and then put into the 3D data analysis software again to compare the overall and marginal deviation whose results are expressed using root mean square values and color maps. To evaluate the trueness of the resin model, the test data and reference data were compared, and the precision was evaluated by comparing the test data sets. Color maps were observed for qualitative analysis. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni method was used for post hoc comparison (α = .05). RESULTS The influence of different internal structures on the accuracy of 3D printed resin models varied significantly (P < .05). Solid and grid models showed better accuracy, while the hollow model exhibited poor accuracy. The color maps show that the resin models have a tendency to shrink inwards. CONCLUSION The internal structure design influences the accuracy of the 3D printing model, and the effect varies in different printing systems. Irrespective of the kind of printing system, the printing accuracy of hollow model was observed to be worse than those of solid and grid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Yantai Stomatological Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Tiwu Peng
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Lin
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mindi Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Yantai Stomatological Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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15
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Hao X, Zheng J, Yu X, Li Z, Ren G. β-catenin promotes resistance to trastuzumab in breast cancer cells through enhancing interaction between HER2 and SRC. Acta Biochim Pol 2023; 70:261-269. [PMID: 37331014 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_6357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
More than 1 million women worldwide are diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) each year. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of β-catenin affecting the trastuzumab tolerance in HER2-positive BC. β-catenin in BC and non-BC tissue samples were assessed by immunohistochemistry. β-catenin and HER2 were over-expressed and knockdown to evaluate their role in tumorigenicity and trastuzumab resistance in cell and animal models using soft-agar and xenograft assays. Confocal laser immunofluorescence assay and co-immunoprecipitation were used to assess protein-protein binding. Expression of genes was detected using Western blot analysis. β-catenin was highly expressed in primary and metastatic BC, overexpression of β-catenin increased the colony formation of MCF7 cells when it was co-expressed with HER2 and synergically increased the tumor size in immunodeficient mice. Overexpression of β-catenin also increased the phosphorylation of HER2 and HER3 and increased the size of tumor derived from HER2-elevated cells. Confocal laser immunofluorescence assay showed that β-catenin and HER2 were co-localized on the membrane of MDA-MB-231 cells, suggesting that β-catenin binds HER2 to activate the HER2 signaling pathway. Immunoprecipitation of β-catenin and HER2 also confirmed this binding. On the other hand, knockdown of β-catenin in MDA-MB-231 cell lines decreased the activity of SRC and decreased phosphorylation of HER2 at Y877 and Y1248. The interaction between HER2 and SRC was enhanced when β-catenin was overexpressed, and β-catenin increased the resistance of tumor derived from HER2 elevated BT474 cells to trastuzumab. Further analysis showed that trastuzumab inhibited the activation of HER3, but SRC was still highly expressed in cells overexpressing β-catenin. Our work demonstrates that β-catenin is highly expressed in BC and it synergically promotes formation and progress of BC with HER2. β-catenin binds with HER2 leading to enhanced interaction with SRC and resistance to trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Hao
- Department of Thyroid, Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jialu Zheng
- Department of Thyroid, Breast Surgery, Longgang District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Longgang District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Department of Thyroid, Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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16
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Abdalla M, Zrounba C, Cardoso R, Jimenez P, Ren G, Boes A, Mitchell A, Bosio A, O'Connor I, Pavanello F. Minimum complexity integrated photonic architecture for delay-based reservoir computing. Opt Express 2023; 31:11610-11623. [PMID: 37155792 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Reservoir computing is an analog bio-inspired computation scheme for efficiently processing time-dependent signals, the photonic implementations of which promise a combination of massive parallel information processing, low power consumption, and high-speed operation. However, most of these implementations, especially for the case of time-delay reservoir computing, require extensive multi-dimensional parameter optimization to find the optimal combination of parameters for a given task. We propose a novel, largely passive integrated photonic TDRC scheme based on an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a self-feedback configuration, where the nonlinearity is provided by the photodetector, and with only one tunable parameter in the form of a phase shifting element that, as a result of our configuration, allows also to tune the feedback strength, consequently tuning the memory capacity in a lossless manner. Through numerical simulations, we show that the proposed scheme achieves good performance -when compared to other integrated photonic architectures- on the temporal bitwise XOR task and various time series prediction tasks, while greatly reducing hardware and operational complexity.
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17
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Yuan M, Han X, Xiao H, Nguyen TG, Boes A, Ren G, Hao Q, Xue J, Mitchell A, Tian Y. Integrated lithium niobate polarization beam splitter based on a photonic-crystal-assisted multimode interference coupler. Opt Lett 2023; 48:171-174. [PMID: 36563398 DOI: 10.1364/ol.478104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising platform for high-speed photonic integrated circuits (PICs) that are used for communication systems due to the excellent electro-optic properties of lithium niobate (LN). In such circuits, the high-speed electro-optical modulators and switches need to be integrated with passive circuit components that are used for routing the optical signals. Polarization beam splitters (PBSs) are one of the fundamental passive circuit components for high-speed PICs that can be used to (de)multiplex two orthogonal polarization optical modes, enabling on-chip polarization division multiplexing (PDM) systems, which are suitable for enhancing the data capacity of PICs. In this Letter, we design and experimentally demonstrate a high-performance PBS constructed by a photonic crystal (PC)-assisted multimode interference (MMI) coupler. The measured polarization extinction ratio (ER) of the fabricated device is 15 dB in the wavelength range from 1525 to 1565 nm, which makes them suitable for the high-speed and large data capacity PICs required for future communication systems.
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18
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Ren G, Wang Y, Feng L, Zhang J, Wang Y. Expression of Ki67 and p53 and their Relationship with the Survival Time of High-Dose Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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19
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Liu S, Wang Z, Gao Y, Ren L, Liao Y, Ren G, Li B, Yan S. Human-Centric Relation Segmentation: Dataset and Solution. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 2022; 44:4987-5001. [PMID: 33905323 DOI: 10.1109/tpami.2021.3075846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vision and language understanding techniques have achieved remarkable progress, but currently it is still difficult to well handle problems involving very fine-grained details. For example, when the robot is told to "bring me the book in the girl's left hand", most existing methods would fail if the girl holds one book respectively in her left and right hand. In this work, we introduce a new task named human-centric relation segmentation (HRS), as a fine-grained case of HOI-det. HRS aims to predict the relations between the human and surrounding entities and identify the relation-correlated human parts, which are represented as pixel-level masks. For the above exemplar case, our HRS task produces results in the form of relation triplets 〈girl [left hand], hold, book 〉 and exacts segmentation masks of the book, with which the robot can easily accomplish the grabbing task. Correspondingly, we collect a new Person In Context (PIC) dataset for this new task, which contains 17,122 high-resolution images and densely annotated entity segmentation and relations, including 141 object categories, 23 relation categories and 25 semantic human parts. We also propose a Simultaneous Matching and Segmentation (SMS) framework as a solution to the HRS task. It contains three parallel branches for entity segmentation, subject object matching and human parsing respectively. Specifically, the entity segmentation branch obtains entity masks by dynamically-generated conditional convolutions; the subject object matching branch detects the existence of any relations, links the corresponding subjects and objects by displacement estimation and classifies the interacted human parts; and the human parsing branch generates the pixelwise human part labels. Outputs of the three branches are fused to produce the final HRS results. Extensive experiments on PIC and V-COCO datasets show that the proposed SMS method outperforms baselines with the 36 FPS inference speed. Notably, SMS outperforms the best performing baseline m-KERN with only 17.6 percent time cost. The dataset and code will be released at http://picdataset.com/challenge/index/.
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Shi C, Houyu J, Zhou R, Wu Y, Li H, Wang Y, Xu S, Gu Z, Li J, Zhang Z, Ren G. 880P Phase II trial of the cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor SHR6390 in patients with advanced head and neck mucosal melanoma harboring CDK4 amplification. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Abstract
Metal oxides modified with dopants and defects are an emerging class of novel materials supporting the localized surface plasmon resonance across a wide range of optical wavelengths, which have attracted tremendous research interest particularly in biological applications in the past decade. Compared to conventional noble metal-based plasmonic materials, plasmonic metal oxides are particularly favored for their cost efficiency, flexible plasmonic properties, and improved biocompatibility, which can be important to accelerate their practical implementation. In this review, we first explicate the origin of plasmonics in dopant/defect-enabled metal oxides and their associated tunable localized surface plasmon resonance through the conventional Mie-Gans model. The research progress of dopant incorporation and defect generation in metal oxide hosts, including both in situ and ex situ approaches, is critically discussed. The implementation of plasmonic metal oxides in biological applications in terms of therapy, imaging, and sensing is summarized, in which the uniqueness of dopant/defect-driven plasmonics for inducing novel functionalities is particularly emphasized. This review may provide insightful guidance for developing next-generation plasmonic devices for human health monitoring, diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Hu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
| | - Bao Yue Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Farjana Haque
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
| | - Guanghui Ren
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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22
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Yu W, Dong Z, Mu H, Ren G, He X, Li X, Lin S, Zhang K, Bao Q, Mokkapati S. Wafer-Scale Synthesis of 2D Dirac Heterostructures for Self-Driven, Fast, Broadband Photodetectors. ACS Nano 2022; 16:12922-12929. [PMID: 35904281 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Type-II Dirac semimetal platinum ditelluride (PtTe2) is a promising functional material for photodetectors because of its specially tilted Dirac cones, strong light absorption, and high carrier mobilities. The stack of two-dimensional (2D) Dirac heterostructures consisting of PtTe2 and graphene could overcome the limit of detection range and response time occurring in the heterostructures of graphene and other low-mobility and large-gap transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Here, we report an approach for achieving highly controllable, wafer-scale production of 2D Dirac heterostructures of PtTe2/graphene with tunable thickness, variable size, and CMOS compatibility. More importantly, the optimized recipes achieve the exact stoichiometric ratio of 1:2 for Pt and Te elements without contaminating the underlayer graphene film. Because of the built-in electric field at the junction area, the photodetectors based on the PtTe2/graphene heterostructure are self-driven with a broadband photodetection from 405 to 1850 nm. In particular, the photodetectors have a high responsivity of up to ∼0.52 AW-1 (without bias) and a fast response time of ∼8.4 μs. Our work demonstrated an approach to synthesizing hybrid 2D Dirac heterostructures, which can be applied in the integration of on-chip, CMOS-compatible photodetectors with near-infrared detection, high sensitivity, and low energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Guangdong 523000, P. R. China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Dong
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Guangdong 523000, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Xiaoyue He
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Guangdong 523000, P. R. China
| | - Xiu Li
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Guangdong 523000, P. R. China
| | - Shenghuang Lin
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Guangdong 523000, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Nanjing kLIGHT Laser Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210032, China
| | - Sudha Mokkapati
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Ren G, Ma Y, Wang X, Zheng Z, Li G. Aspirin blocks AMPK/SIRT3-mediated glycolysis to inhibit NSCLC cell proliferation. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 932:175208. [PMID: 35981603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has the highest incidence and mortality in the world. Aspirin has been reported to promote apoptosis, inhibit proliferation, stemness, angiogenesis, cancer-associated inflammation and migration in NSCLC. But the effect of aspirin on aerobic glycolysis in NSCLC is less reported. In the present study, we investigated whether aspirin blocked aerobic glycolysis of NSCLC cells to inhibit proliferation. Our results showed that aspirin inhibited viability, PCNA expression, ability of colony formation, dimished extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and production of pyruvic acid and lactic acid, accompanied with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), PGC-1α expression and ROS production, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction in NSCLC cells. AMPK and mitochondrial-localized deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) were identified as the relevant molecular targets in glycolysis, but mechanism and relationship between AMPK and SIRT3 for aspirin induced glycolysis inhibition remain unknown in cancer cells. The investigation of underlying mechanism indicated that aspirin activated AMPK pathway to inhibit aerobic glycolysis and proliferation by upregulating SIRT3 after application of compound C (CC), an inhibitor of AMPK activity or SIRT3 siRNA. Upon activation of SIRT3, aspirin promoted the release of hexokinase-II (HK-II) from mitochondrial outer membrane to cytosol by deacetylating cyclophilin D (CypD). Consistently, aspirin significantly inhibited the growth of NSCLC xenografts and exhibited antitumor activity probably through AMPK/SIRT3/HK-II pathway in vivo. Collectively, AMPK/SIRT3/HK-II pathway plays a critical role in anticancer effects of aspirin, and our findings might serve as potential target for clinical practice and chemoprevention of aspirin in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaodi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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Tan J, Xiao H, Ma M, Zhou X, Yuan M, Dubey A, Boes A, Nguyen TG, Ren G, Su Y, Mitchell A, Tian Y. Arbitrary access to optical carriers in silicon photonic mode/wavelength hybrid division multiplexing circuits. Opt Lett 2022; 47:3531-3534. [PMID: 35838720 DOI: 10.1364/ol.463445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of optical modes directly in a multimode waveguide without affecting the transmission of undesired signal carriers is of significance to realize a flexible and simple structured optical network-on-chip. In this Letter, an arbitrary optical mode and wavelength carrier access scheme is proposed based on a series of multimode microring resonators and one multimode bus waveguide with constant width. As a proof-of-concept, a three-mode (de)multiplexing device is designed, fabricated, and experimentally demonstrated. A new, to the best of our knowledge, phase-matching idea is employed to keep the bus waveguide width constant. The mode coupling regions and transmission regions of the microring resonators are designed carefully to selectively couple and transmit different optical modes. The extinction ratio of the microring resonators is larger than 21.0 dB. The mode and wavelength cross-talk for directly (de)multiplexing are less than -12.8 dB and -19.0 dB, respectively. It would be a good candidate for future large-scale multidimensional optical networks.
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Gao P, Ren G, Liang J, Liu J. STAT6 Upregulates NRP1 Expression in Endothelial Cells and Promotes Angiogenesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:823377. [PMID: 35600336 PMCID: PMC9117725 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.823377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) in tumor growth has been widely recognized. However, its effects on the regulation of angiogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we found that STAT6 promoted angiogenesis, possibly by increasing the expression of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) in endothelial cells (ECs). Both STAT6 inhibitor (AS1517499) and STAT6 siRNA reduced EC proliferation, migration, and tube-formation, accompanied by downregulation of NRP1, an angiogenesis regulator. Furthermore, IL-13 induced activation of STAT6 and then increased NRP1 expression in ECs. IL-13-induced EC migration and tube formation were inhibited by NRP1 siRNA. Luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that STAT6 could directly bind to human NRP1 promoter and increase the promoter activity. In tumor xenograft models, inhibition of STAT6 reduced xenograft growth, tumor angiogenesis, and NRP1 expression in vivo. Overall, these results clarified the novel mechanism by which STAT6 regulates angiogenesis, and suggested that STAT6 may be a potential target for anti-angiogenesis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.,Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangjiu Liang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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Li L, Zou L, Yue W, Liu C, Wang H, Wen Z, Xiang Q, Ren G, Guo S, Fang J. MicroRNA-29a-3p regulates chemosensitivity in hypopharyngeal carcinoma via targeting Cdc42. Malays J Pathol 2022; 44:53-60. [PMID: 35484886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypopharyngeal carcinoma is one kind of high malignant tumour followed by poor prognosis in head and neck carcinomas. This study aimed to detect miR-29a-3p and Cdc42 in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of miR-29a-3p and Cdc42 mRNA were detected, and the correlation between miR-29a-3p/Cdc42 and clinical stages was investigated. RESULTS The relative expression of miR-29a-3p in stage II, III and IV hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that of stage I (P< 0.05). The relative expression of Cdc42 mRNA in stage I, III and IV tissues was significantly higher than that of stage I (P< 0.05). The expression of miR-29a-3p in hypopharyngeal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.045). CONCLUSION MiR-29a-3p and Cdc42 mRNA could be potential diagnostic biomarkers of hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - L Zou
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - W Yue
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - C Liu
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - H Wang
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - Z Wen
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - Q Xiang
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - G Ren
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - S Guo
- Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaoning, China
| | - J Fang
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China.
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Bian Y, Wang X, Zheng Z, Ren G, Zhu H, Qiao M, Li G. Resveratrol drives cancer cell senescence via enhancing p38MAPK and DLC1 expressions. Food Funct 2022; 13:3283-3293. [PMID: 35234761 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pro-senescence therapy is a recently proposed anti-cancer strategy and has been shown to effectively inhibit cancer. Resveratrol is gaining attention for its cancer preventive and suppressive properties. The mechanisms of resveratrol in cancer suppression by inducing cancer cell senescence are unclear. Our results showed that resveratrol induced cell senescence along with an increase of SA-β-Gal activity and inhibition of colony formation in breast and lung cancer cells. The underlying mechanisms were that resveratrol induced ER-stress by increasing SIRT1 to promote p38MAPK expression and by reducing NO level to up-regulate DLC1 expression, and ER-stress further resulted in DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, eventually leading to cancer cell senescence. Our findings on resveratrol's induction of cancer cell senescence via activating ER-stress through the SIRT1/p38MAPK and NO/DLC1 pathways provide a solid base for its clinical application and its preventive application as a food additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhaodi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Mengxue Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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Xu K, Ha N, Hu Y, Ma Q, Chen W, Wen X, Ou R, Trinh V, McConville CF, Zhang BY, Ren G, Ou JZ. A room temperature all-optical sensor based on two-dimensional SnS 2 for highly sensitive and reversible NO 2 sensing. J Hazard Mater 2022; 426:127813. [PMID: 34844798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fiber-optic gas sensors have been considered a low-cost, effective, and robust approach for monitoring nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas which is a major toxic gaseous pollutant. The integration of functional nanoscale materials provides additional dimensions for realizing ultra-sensitive and selective NO2 detection, however, the trade-off is the need for sophisticated photonic structures or external non-optical peripherals (e.g. electrical heaters). In this work, we demonstrate the development of a room temperature, all-optical, and high-performance NO2 sensor based on a simple D-shaped optical fiber incorporated with ultra-thin two-dimensional (2D) tin disulfide (SnS2). A visible light source at 473 nm is used to power the optical fiber, and at the same time excite the 2D SnS2 layer via the evanescent field, to generate extra charge carriers. Upon exposure to NO2 at room temperature, the physisorbed gas molecules induce charge exchange with the 2D SnS2. This significantly re-distributes the photo-excited charge carriers in the ultra-thin material, therefore manipulating the corresponding optical absorption and scattering. As a result, the optical output power intensity varies as the sensor output through the evanescent field coupling. This all-optical sensor demonstrates an optical power variation of up to 7 µW upon the exposure of NO2 gas at a low concentration of 50 ppb. This response is fully reversible with an extremely low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.464 ppb. We consider that this work provides a feasible and simple solution to realize high-performance optical gas sensors without the integration of external non-optical peripherals for effective monitoring of environmentally hazardous gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Nam Ha
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Yihong Hu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Qijie Ma
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Weijian Chen
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics, School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Rui Ou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Vien Trinh
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Chris F McConville
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Bao Yue Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre (InPAC), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
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Liu S, Ren G, Sun Y, Wang J, Wang C, Li B, Yan S. Fine-Grained Human-Centric Tracklet Segmentation with Single Frame Supervision. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 2022; 44:610-621. [PMID: 30998458 DOI: 10.1109/tpami.2019.2911936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we target at the Fine-grAined human-Centric Tracklet Segmentation (FACTS) problem, where 12 human parts, e.g., face, pants, left-leg, are segmented. To reduce the heavy and tedious labeling efforts, FACTS requires only one labeled frame per video during training. The small size of human parts and the labeling scarcity makes FACTS very challenging. Considering adjacent frames of videos are continuous and human usually do not change clothes in a short time, we explicitly consider the pixel-level and frame-level context in the proposed Temporal Context segmentation Network (TCNet). On the one hand, optical flow is on-line calculated to propagate the pixel-level segmentation results to neighboring frames. On the other hand, frame-level classification likelihood vectors are also propagated to nearby frames. By fully exploiting the pixel-level and frame-level context, TCNet indirectly uses the large amount of unlabeled frames during training and produces smooth segmentation results during inference. Experimental results on four video datasets show the superiority of TCNet over the state-of-the-arts. The newly annotated datasets can be downloaded via http://liusi-group.com/projects/FACTS for the further studies.
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30
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Bian Y, Sun M, Chen H, Ren G, Fu K, Yang N, Zhang M, Zhou N, Lu Y, Li N, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhao D. Metabolites identification and species comparison of Oroxylin A, an anti-cancer Flavonoid, in vitro and in vivo by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:165-176. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.2014080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Bian
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Huili Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Kejia Fu
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Ning Li
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Xijing Chen
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
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Ren G, Hao X, Yan S, Chen J, Qiu G, Ang KP, Tamrin MIM. Abies spectabilis-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Inhibits Cell Growth and Promotes Apoptosis in Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2022; 41:73-83. [DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2021039805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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32
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Zhou H, Xu K, Ha N, Cheng Y, Ou R, Ma Q, Hu Y, Trinh V, Ren G, Li Z, Ou JZ. Reversible Room Temperature H 2 Gas Sensing Based on Self-Assembled Cobalt Oxysulfide. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 22:303. [PMID: 35009847 PMCID: PMC8749549 DOI: 10.3390/s22010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reversible H2 gas sensing at room temperature has been highly desirable given the booming of the Internet of Things (IoT), zero-emission vehicles, and fuel cell technologies. Conventional metal oxide-based semiconducting gas sensors have been considered as suitable candidates given their low-cost, high sensitivity, and long stability. However, the dominant sensing mechanism is based on the chemisorption of gas molecules which requires elevated temperatures to activate the catalytic reaction of target gas molecules with chemisorbed O, leaving the drawbacks of high-power consumption and poor selectivity. In this work, we introduce an alternative candidate of cobalt oxysulfide derived from the calcination of self-assembled cobalt sulfide micro-cages. It is found that the majority of S atoms are replaced by O in cobalt oxysulfide, transforming the crystal structure to tetragonal coordination and slightly expanding the optical bandgap energy. The H2 gas sensing performances of cobalt oxysulfide are fully reversible at room temperature, demonstrating peculiar p-type gas responses with a magnitude of 15% for 1% H2 and a high degree of selectivity over CH4, NO2, and CO2. Such excellent performances are possibly ascribed to the physisorption dominating the gas-matter interaction. This work demonstrates the great potentials of transition metal oxysulfide compounds for room-temperature fully reversible gas sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.); (J.Z.O.)
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Nam Ha
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Yinfen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.); (J.Z.O.)
| | - Rui Ou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Qijie Ma
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Yihong Hu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Vien Trinh
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Guanghui Ren
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Zhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.); (J.Z.O.)
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.); (J.Z.O.)
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.H.); (R.O.); (Q.M.); (Y.H.); (V.T.); (G.R.)
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Zhang P, Huang H, Jiang Y, Han X, Xiao H, Frigg A, Nguyen TG, Boes A, Ren G, Su Y, Tian Y, Mitchell A. High-speed electro-optic modulator based on silicon nitride loaded lithium niobate on an insulator platform. Opt Lett 2021; 46:5986-5989. [PMID: 34851940 DOI: 10.1364/ol.446222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electro-optic (EO) modulators, which convert signals from the electrical to optical domain plays a key role in modern optical communication systems. Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) technology has emerged as a competitive solution to realize high-performance integrated EO modulators. In this Letter, we design and experimentally demonstrate a Mach-Zehnder interferometer-based modulator on a silicon nitride loaded LNOI platform, which not only takes full advantage of the excellent EO effect of LiNbO3, but also avoids the direct etching of LiNbO3 thin film. The measured half-wave voltage length product of the fabricated modulator is 2.24 V·cm, and the extinction ratio is ∼20dB. Moreover, the 3 dB EO bandwidth is ∼30GHz, while the modulated data rate for on-off key signals can reach up to 80 Gbps.
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34
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Gao P, Ren G. Identification of potential target genes of non-small cell lung cancer in response to resveratrol treatment by bioinformatics analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23245-23261. [PMID: 34633989 PMCID: PMC8544309 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type in lung cancer in the world, and it severely threatens the life of patients. Resveratrol has been reported to inhibit cancer. However, mechanisms of resveratrol inhibiting NSCLC were unclear. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of NSCLC treated with resveratrol and reveal the potential targets of resveratrol in NSCLC. We obtained mRNA expression profiles of two datasets from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) and 271 DEGs were selected for further analysis. Data from STRING shown that 177 nodes and 342 edges were in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and 10 hub genes (ANPEP, CD69, ITGAL, PECAM1, PTPRC, CD34, ITGA1, CCL2, SOX2, and EGFR) were identified by Cytoscape plus-in cytoHubba. Survival analysis revealed that NSCLC patients showing low expression of PECAM1, ANPEP, CD69, ITGAL, and PTPRC were associated with worse overall survival (OS) (P < 0.05), and high expression of SOX2 and EGFR was associated with worse OS for NSCLC patients (P < 0.05). Overall, we identified ANPEP, CD69, ITGAL, and PTPRC as potential candidate genes which were main effects of resveratrol on the treatment of NSCLC. ANPEP, ITGAL, CD69, and PTPRC are all clusters of differentiation (CD) antigens, might be the targets of resveratrol. The bioinformatic results suggested that the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on lung cancer may be related to the immune signaling pathway. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and to explore their functional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
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Qiu M, Guo Y, Guo W, Nian W, Liao W, Xu Z, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wei X, Xue L, Tang W, Wu Y, Ren G, Wang L, Xi J, Wang Y, Li M, Hausheer F, Hu C, Xu R. 905P FIH phase I dose escalation and dose expansion study of anti-EGFR ADC MRG003 in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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36
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Zhang BY, Xu K, Yao Q, Jannat A, Ren G, Field MR, Wen X, Zhou C, Zavabeti A, Ou JZ. Hexagonal metal oxide monolayers derived from the metal-gas interface. Nat Mater 2021; 20:1073-1078. [PMID: 33462466 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-00899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are promising materials for developing future nano-enabled technologies1-6. The cleavage of weak, interlayer van der Waals bonds in layered bulk crystals enables the production of high-quality 2D, atomically thin monolayers7-10. Nonetheless, as earth-abundant compounds, metal oxides are rarely accessible as pure and fully stoichiometric monolayers owing to their ion-stabilized 'lamellar' bulk structure11-14. Here, we report the discovery of a layered planar hexagonal phase of oxides from elements across the transition metals, post-transition metals, lanthanides and metalloids, derived from strictly controlled oxidation at the metal-gas interface. The highly crystalline monolayers, without the support of ionic dopants or vacancies, can easily be mechanically exfoliated by stamping them onto substrates. Monolayer and few-layered hexagonal TiO2 are characterized as examples, showing p-type semiconducting properties with hole mobilities of up to 950 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature. The strategy can be readily extended to a variety of elements, possibly expanding the exploration of metal oxides in the 2D quantum regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yue Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qifeng Yao
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Azmira Jannat
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guanghui Ren
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre (InPAC), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew R Field
- RMIT Microscopy & Microanalysis Facility, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chunhua Zhou
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
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Boes A, Nguyen TG, Chang L, Bowers JE, Ren G, Mitchell A. Integrated photonic high extinction short and long pass filters based on lateral leakage. Opt Express 2021; 29:18905-18914. [PMID: 34154136 DOI: 10.1364/oe.426442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution we present a new approach to achieve high extinction short and long pass wavelength filters in the integrated photonic platform of lithium niobate on insulator. The filtering of unwanted wavelengths is achieved by employing lateral leakage and is related to the bound state in the continuum phenomenon. We show that it is possible to control the filter edge wavelength by adjusting the waveguide dimensions and that an extinction of hundreds of dB/cm is readily achievable. This enabled us to design a pump wavelength suppression of more than 100 dB in a 3.5 mm long waveguide, which is essential for on-chip integration of quantum-correlated photon pair sources. These findings pave the way to integrate multi wavelength experiments on chip for the next generation of photonic integrated circuits.
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Xiao H, Han X, Jiang Y, Ren G, Mitchell A, Gao D, Yang J, Tian Y. Demonstration of various optical directed logic operations by using an integrated photonic circuit. Opt Lett 2021; 46:2457-2460. [PMID: 33988609 DOI: 10.1364/ol.423858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical directed logic is a novel logic operation scheme that employs electrical signals as operands to control the working states of optical switches to perform the logic operations. In this Letter, we propose and demonstrate an integrated photonic circuit which can implement five different optical logic operations by utilizing two optical modes. The proposed device is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate by using electron beam lithography and inductively coupled plasma etching processes. The static experimental results show that the fabricated device can implement five different operations correctly-XOR, XNOR, NOR, NOT, and AND-from which we can see that the signal-to-noise ratios are larger than 17.6 dB over the entire C band for all five logic functions. At last, all five logic operations with the speed of 10 Kbps are demonstrated. The proposed device with simple structure, large bandwidth, and versatility would be a promising candidate for information processing in optical mode division multiplexing networks.
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Li Y, Xing L, Yin X, Li H, Ren G. 68P A meta-analysis of the efficacy of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors to neoadjuvant chemotherapy against triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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40
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Jiang H, Deng W, Zhou J, Ren G, Cai X, Li S, Hu B, Li C, Shi Y, Zhang N, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Zhou Y. Machine learning algorithms to predict the 1 year unfavourable prognosis for advanced schistosomiasis. Int J Parasitol 2021; 51:959-965. [PMID: 33891933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Short-term prognosis of advanced schistosomiasis has not been well studied. We aimed to construct prognostic models using machine learning algorithms and to identify the most important predictors by utilising routinely available data under the government medical assistance programme. An established database of advanced schistosomiasis in Hunan, China was utilised for analysis. A total of 9541 patients for the period from January 2008 to December 2018 were enrolled in this study. Candidate predictors were selected from demographics, clinical features, medical examinations and test results. We applied five machine learning algorithms to construct 1 year prognostic models: logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). An area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the model performance. The important predictors of the optimal model for unfavourable prognosis within 1 year were identified and ranked. There were 1249 (13.1%) cases having unfavourable prognoses within 1 year of discharge. The mean age of all participants was 61.94 years, of whom 70.9% were male. In general, XGBoost showed the best predictive performance with the highest AUC (0.846; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.821, 0.871), compared with LR (0.798; 95% CI: 0.770, 0.827), DT (0.766; 95% CI: 0.733, 0.800), RF (0.823; 95% CI: 0.796, 0.851), and ANN (0.806; 95% CI: 0.778, 0.835). Five most important predictors identified by XGBoost were ascitic fluid volume, haemoglobin (HB), total bilirubin (TB), albumin (ALB), and platelets (PT). We proposed XGBoost as the best algorithm for the evaluation of a 1 year prognosis of advanced schistosomiasis. It is considered to be a simple and useful tool for the short-term prediction of an unfavourable prognosis for advanced schistosomiasis in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Jiang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weicheng Deng
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xinting Cai
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shengming Li
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Benjiao Hu
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingyan Zheng
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yibiao Zhou
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Zhang G, Ren G, Zhao X, Wang H. RNA Interference-Mediated Aurora Kinase A Gene Silencing Inhibits Human Glioma Cells Proliferation and Tumor Growth in Mice. J Cancer 2021; 12:3024-3032. [PMID: 33854602 PMCID: PMC8040878 DOI: 10.7150/jca.55791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to explore the roles of Aurora Kinase A (Aurora A) in human glioma progression and relevant molecular mechanisms involved. Methods: RNA interference (RNAi) technology was performed to silence the Aurora A gene in human glioma cell line U251 and U87. Western blot and real-time PCR were used to determine the protein and mRNA expression levels of Aurora A. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle distribution and MTT was used to examine the cell viability. Annexin V/FITC double staining and Hoechst 33258 staining were carried out to examine cell apoptosis. Xenograft tumor model was established to examine the effect of Aurora A siRNA on tumor growth in vivo. Results: RNAi-mediated Aurora A gene silencing with specific short interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly decreased Aurora A protein and mRNA expression levels in human glioma cell line U251 and U87. Aurora A knockdown in glioma cells with siRNA strongly inhibited cell proliferation, along with the accumulation of cells in the G1, G2/M phase and decrease in S phase. Furthermore, the enhancement of cell apoptosis in vitro and the suppression of xenograft tumor growth in vivo were also observed after Aurora A silencing in U251 cell. In addition, Aurora A knockdown resulted in decreased expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and cell cycle protein Cyclin D1, while increased expression of pro-apoptotic factor caspase-3. Conclusion: Aurora A can be used as a candidate targeting gene and inhibition of Aurora A is a potentially promising therapy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Luoyang Dong Fang Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, PR China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Department of Neurology, Luoyang Dong Fang Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Luoyang Dong Fang Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, PR China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
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Ren G, Ren L, Liao Y, Liu S, Li B, Han J, Yan S. Scene Graph Generation With Hierarchical Context. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 2021; 32:909-915. [PMID: 32365036 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2020.2979270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Scene graph generation has received increasing attention in recent years. Enhancing the predicate representations is an important entry point to this task. There are various methods to fully investigate the context of representation enhancement. In this brief, we analyze the decisive factors that can significantly affect the relation detection results. Our analysis shows that spatial correlations between objects, focused regions of objects, and global hints related to the relations have strong influences in relation prediction and contradiction elimination. Based on our analysis, we propose a hierarchical context network (HCNet) to generate a scene graph. HCNet consists of three contexts, including interaction context, depression context, and global context, which integrates information from pair, object, and graph levels. The experiments show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the Visual Genome (VG) data set.
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Han X, Xiao H, Jiang Y, Ren G, Zhang P, Tan J, Yang J, Mitchell A, Tian Y. Integrated non-blocking optical router harnessing wavelength- and mode-selective property for photonic networks-on-chip. Opt Express 2021; 29:1251-1264. [PMID: 33726344 DOI: 10.1364/oe.415982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a 4×4 non-blocking optical router utilizing 8 mode (de)multiplexers and a 4×4 microring-based grid network, which can passively assign signals carried by optical wavelength and mode channels from an arbitrary input port to corresponding output ports without additional switch time, realizing the non-blocking property. The proposed device is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator platform using the standard Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication processes. The insertion loss is lower than 5.7 dB including the loss of the auxiliary mode (de)multiplexers (AMUXs), while the crosstalk is lower than -15.6 dB for all routing states. Moreover, the transmission spectra from the input ports to the next cascading device are also measured to demonstrate the feasibility of further expanding via cascading multiple blocks, with the insertion loss and crosstalk lower than 7.1 dB (including the mode coupling loss of AMUXs) and -16.4 dB, respectively. The 12 Gbps dynamic transmission experiment is demonstrated with clear and open eye diagrams, illustrating the utility of the device. The device has high geometrical symmetry and good scalability, we exhibit all solutions to expand the 4×4 optical router to 8×8 and 16×16 optical routers with the advantages and deficiencies of each solution discussed.
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Li S, Shi Y, Deng W, Ren G, He H, Hu B, Li C, Zhang N, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Dong S, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Zhou Y. Spatio-temporal variations of emerging sites infested with schistosome-transmitting Oncomelania hupensis in Hunan Province, China, 1949-2016. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:7. [PMID: 33407789 PMCID: PMC7789244 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constant emerging sites infested with Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis) impede the goal realization of eliminating schistosomiasis. The study assessed the spatial and temporal distributions of new Oncomelania snail habitats in Hunan Province from 1949 to 2016. METHODS We used the data from annual snail surveys throughout Hunan Province for the period from 1949 to 2016. Global Moran's I, Anselin local Moran's I statistics (LISA) and a retrospective space-time permutation model were applied to determine the spatial and temporal distributions of emerging snail-infested sites. RESULTS There were newly discovered snail-infested sites almost every year in 1949-2016, except for the years of 1993, 2009 and 2012. The number of emerging sites varied significantly in the five time periods (1949-1954, 1955-1976, 1977-1986, 1986-2003 and 2004-2016) (H = 25.35, p < 0.05). The emerging sites lasted 37.52 years in marshlands, 30.04 years in hills and 24.63 at inner embankments on average, with the values of Global Moran's I being 0.52, 0.49 and 0.44, respectively. High-value spatial clusters (HH) were mainly concentrated along the Lishui River and in Xiangyin County. There were four marshland clusters, two hill clusters and three inner embankment clusters after 1976. CONCLUSIONS Lower reaches of the Lishui River and the Dongting Lake estuary were the high-risk regions for new Oncomelania snail habitats with long durations. Snail surveillance should be strengthened at stubborn snail-infested sites at the inner embankments. Grazing prohibition in snail-infested grasslands should be a focus in marshlands. The management of bovines in Xiangyin County is of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Li
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weicheng Deng
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbin He
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Benjiao Hu
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yingyan Zheng
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yingjian Wang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shurong Dong
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, Ontario, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yibiao Zhou
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Building 8, 130 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Ren G, Wang Y, Xia T, Wang Y, Li X. Clinical Efficacy of High-dose Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Oligometastases From Pancreatic Cancer after Radiochemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ren G, Wang Y, Xia T, Li X, Wang Y. Prognostic Significance of Circulating Tumor Cells for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer with High-dose Hypofractionated Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ren G, Wang Y, Xia T, Wang Y. High-dose Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer with Oligometastases Using Helical Tomotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Huang J, Ren G. 271P MAPK pathway inhibition as a rational therapeutic strategy for MiR-138-5p/PAQR3 dysregulation-mediated epirubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Ren G, Hao X, Yang S, Chen J, Qiu G, Ang KP, Mohd Tamrin MI. 10H-3,6-Diazaphenothiazines triggered the mitochondrial-dependent and cell death receptor-dependent apoptosis pathways and further increased the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells via inhibition of AKT1 pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22544. [PMID: 32619082 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in cancer categories, followed by lung, colorectal, and ovarian among the female gender across the world. 10H-3,6-diazaphenothiazine (PTZ) is a thiazine derivative compound that exhibits many pharmacological activities. Herein, we proceed to investigate the pharmacological activities of PTZ toward breast cancer MCF-7 cells as a representative in vitro breast cancer cell model. The PTZ exhibited a proliferation inhibition (IC50 = 0.895 µM) toward MCF-7 cells. Further, cell cycle analysis illustrated that the S-phase checkpoint was activated to achieve proliferation inhibition. In vitro cytotoxicity test on three normal cell lines (HEK293 normal kidney cells, MCF-10A normal breast cells, and H9C2 normal heart cells) demonstrated that PTZ was more potent toward cancer cells. Increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species results in polarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), together with suppression of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase enzymatic activity suggested that PTZ induced oxidative damages toward mitochondria and contributed to improved drug efficacy toward treatment. The RT2 PCR Profiler Array (human apoptosis pathways) proved that PTZ induced cell death via mitochondria-dependent and cell death receptor-dependent pathways, through a series of modulation of caspases, and the respective morphology of apoptosis was observed. Mechanistic studies of apoptosis suggested that PTZ inhibited AKT1 pathways resulting in enhanced drug efficacy despite it preventing invasion of cancer cells. These results showed the effectiveness of PTZ in initiation of apoptosis, programmed cell death, toward highly chemoresistant MCF-7 cells, thus suggesting its potential as a chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guobin Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kok Pian Ang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Islahuddin Mohd Tamrin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Wei D, Ren G, Jv H, Song H, Wu Y, Guo W. 1146P Rh-endostatin combined with chemotherapy and interferon in the treatment of oral mucosal melanoma without clinical cervical lymph node metastasis: A retrospective study in Chinese population. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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