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Gucký A, Hamuľaková S. Targeting Biometals in Alzheimer's Disease with Metal Chelating Agents Including Coumarin Derivatives. CNS Drugs 2024; 38:507-532. [PMID: 38829443 PMCID: PMC11182807 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Numerous physiological processes happening in the human body, including cerebral development and function, require the participation of biometal ions such as iron, copper, and zinc. Their dyshomeostasis may, however, contribute to the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and potentially other neurodegenerative diseases. Chelation of biometal ions is therefore a therapeutic strategy against AD. This review provides a survey of natural and synthetic chelating agents that are or could potentially be used to target the metal hypothesis of AD. Since metal dyshomeostasis is not the only pathological aspect of AD, and the nature of this disorder is very complex and multifactiorial, the most efficient therapeutics should target as many neurotoxic factors as possible. Various coumarin derivatives match this description and apart from being able to chelate metal ions, they exhibit the capacity to inhibit cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) while also possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and numerous other beneficial effects. Compounds based on the coumarin scaffold therefore represent a desirable class of anti-AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gucký
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Slávka Hamuľaková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
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Regazzoni L. State of the Art in the Development of Human Serum Carnosinase Inhibitors. Molecules 2024; 29:2488. [PMID: 38893364 PMCID: PMC11173852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Human serum carnosinase is an enzyme that operates the preferential hydrolysis of dipeptides with a C-terminus histidine. Only higher primates excrete such an enzyme in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. In humans, the serum hydrolytic rate has high interindividual variability owing to gene polymorphism, although age, gender, diet, and also diseases and surgical interventions can modify serum activity. Human genetic diseases with altered carnosinase activity have been identified and associated with neurological disorders and age-related cognitive decline. On the contrary, low peripheral carnosinase activity has been associated with kidney protection, especially in diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, serum carnosinase is a druggable target for the development of selective inhibitors. However, only one molecule (i.e., carnostatine) has been discovered with the purpose of developing serum carnosinase inhibitors. Bestatin is the only inhibitor reported other than carnostatine, although its activity is not selective towards serum carnosinase. Herein, we present a review of the most critical findings on human serum carnosinase, including enzyme expression, localization and substrate selectivity, along with factors affecting the hydrolytic activity, its implication in human diseases and the properties of known inhibitors of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Regazzoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Tosto R, Vecchio G, Bellia F. New Biotinylated GHK and Related Copper(II) Complex: Antioxidant and Antiglycant Properties In Vitro against Neurodegenerative Disorders. Molecules 2023; 28:6724. [PMID: 37764500 PMCID: PMC10538196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide. The failure of the enzymatic degradation, the oxidative stress, the dyshomeostasis of metal ions, among many other biochemical events, might trigger the pathological route, but the onset of these pathologies is unknown. Multi-target and multifunctional molecules could address several biomolecular issues of the pathologies. The tripeptide GHK, a bioactive fragment of several proteins, and the related copper(II) complex have been largely used for many purposes, from cosmetic to therapeutic applications. GHK derivatives were synthesized to increase the peptide stability and improve the target delivery. Herein we report the synthesis of a new biotin-GHK conjugate (BioGHK) through orthogonal reactions. BioGHK is still capable of coordinating copper(II), as observed by spectroscopic and spectrometric measurements. The spectroscopic monitoring of the copper-induced ascorbate oxidation was used to measure the antioxidant activity Cu(II)-BioGHK complex, whereas antiglycant activity of the ligand towards harmful reactive species was investigated using MALDI-TOF. The affinity of BioGHK for streptavidin was evaluated using a spectrophotometric assay and compared to that of biotin. Finally, the antiaggregant activity towards amyloid-β was evaluated using a turn-on fluorescent dye. BioGHK could treat and/or prevent several adverse biochemical reactions that characterize neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Tosto
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
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Bellia F, Lanza V, Naletova I, Tomasello B, Ciaffaglione V, Greco V, Sciuto S, Amico P, Inturri R, Vaccaro S, Campagna T, Attanasio F, Tabbì G, Rizzarelli E. Copper(II) Complexes with Carnosine Conjugates of Hyaluronic Acids at Different Dipeptide Loading Percentages Behave as Multiple SOD Mimics and Stimulate Nrf2 Translocation and Antioxidant Response in In Vitro Inflammatory Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1632. [PMID: 37627627 PMCID: PMC10452038 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of copper(II) complexes with the formula [Cu2+Hy(x)Car%] varying the molecular weight (MW) of Hyaluronic acid (Hy, x = 200 or 700 kDa) conjugated with carnosine (Car) present at different loading were synthesized and characterized via different spectroscopic techniques. The metal complexes behaved as Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mimics and showed some of the most efficient reaction rate values produced using a synthetic and water-soluble copper(II)-based SOD mimic reported to date. The increase in the percentage of Car moieties parallels the enhancement of the I50 value determined via the indirect method of Fridovich. The presence of the non-functionalized Hy OH groups favors the scavenger activity of the copper(II) complexes with HyCar, recalling similar behavior previously found for the copper(II) complexes with Car conjugated using β-cyclodextrin or trehalose. In keeping with the new abilities of SOD1 to activate protective agents against oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis diseases, Cu2+ interaction with HyCar promotes the nuclear translocation of erythroid 2-related factor that regulates the expressions of target genes, including Heme-Oxigenase-1, thus stimulating an antioxidant response in osteoblasts subjected to an inflammatory/oxidative insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Valeria Lanza
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Irina Naletova
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Valeria Ciaffaglione
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Pietro Amico
- Fidia Farmaceutici SpA, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy; (P.A.); (R.I.); (S.V.)
| | - Rosanna Inturri
- Fidia Farmaceutici SpA, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy; (P.A.); (R.I.); (S.V.)
| | - Susanna Vaccaro
- Fidia Farmaceutici SpA, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy; (P.A.); (R.I.); (S.V.)
| | - Tiziana Campagna
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Giovanni Tabbì
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
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Tamborlin L, Pereira KD, Guimarães DSPSF, Silveira LR, Luchessi AD. The first evidence of biological activity for free Hypusine, an enigmatic amino acid discovered in the '70s. Amino Acids 2023:10.1007/s00726-023-03283-4. [PMID: 37258638 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hypusine amino acid [Nε-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine] was first isolated in 1971 from bovine brain extracts. Hypusine originates from a post-translational modification at the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), a protein produced by archaebacteria and eukaryotes. The eIF5A protein is the only one described containing the hypusine residue, which is essential for its activity. Hypusine as a free amino acid is a consequence of proteolytic degradation of eIF5A. Herein, we showed, for the first time, evidence of biological activity for the free hypusine. C6 rat glioma cells were treated with hypusine, and different cellular parameters were evaluated. Hypusine treatment significantly reduced C6 cell proliferation and potently suppressed their clonogenic capacity without leading to apoptosis. Hypusine also decreased the Eif5A transcript content and the global protein synthesis profile that may occur due to negative feedback in response to high hypusine concentration, controlling the content of newly synthesized eIF5A, which can affect the translation process. Besides, hypusine treatment also altered cellular metabolism by changing the pathways for energy production, reducing cellular respiration coupled with oxidative phosphorylation, and increasing the anaerobic metabolism. These observed results and the relationship between eIF5A and tumor processes led us to test the combination of hypusine with the chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide. Combining temozolomide with hypusine reduced the MTT conversion to the same levels as those observed using double temozolomide dosage alone, demonstrating a synergetic action between the compounds. Thus, since 1971, this is the first study showing evidence of biological activity for hypusine not associated with being an essential component of the eiF5A protein. Finding out the molecular targets of hypusine are the following efforts to completely characterize its biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Tamborlin
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Jardim Santa Luiza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Danielle Pereira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Jardim Santa Luiza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Reis Silveira
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Augusto Ducati Luchessi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Jardim Santa Luiza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil.
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Synergistic Effect of L-Carnosine and Hyaluronic Acid in Their Covalent Conjugates on the Antioxidant Abilities and the Mutual Defense against Enzymatic Degradation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040664. [PMID: 35453350 PMCID: PMC9030210 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (Hy) is a natural linear polymer that is widely distributed in different organisms, especially in the articular cartilage and the synovial fluid. During tissue injury due to oxidative stress, Hy plays an important protective role. All the beneficial properties of Hy make the polymer attractive for many biomedical uses; however, the low stability and short biological half-life limit Hy application. To overcome these problems, the addition of small antioxidant molecules to Hy solution has been employed to protect the molecular integrity of Hy or delay its degradation. Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine, Car) protects cells from the damage due to the reactive species derived from oxygen (ROS), nitrogen (RNS) or carbonyl groups (RCS). Car inhibits the degradation of hyaluronan induced by free radical processes in vitro but, like Hy, the potential protective action of Car is drastically hampered by the enzymatic hydrolysis in vivo. Recently, we conjugated Hy to Car and the derivatives (HyCar) showed protective effects in experimental models of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in vivo. Here we report the antioxidant activity exerted by HyCar against ROS, RNS and RCS. Moreover, we tested if the covalent conjugation between Hy and Car inhibits the enzymatic hydrolysis of the polymer and the dipeptide backbone. We found that the antioxidant properties and the resistance to the enzymatic hydrolysis of Hy and Car are greatly improved by the conjugation.
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Synthesis, DNA binding, apoptosis and molecular docking of a Mn(II) complex constructed by 2-(1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-4-picolinic acid. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Calabrese V, Scuto M, Salinaro AT, Dionisio G, Modafferi S, Ontario ML, Greco V, Sciuto S, Schmitt CP, Calabrese EJ, Peters V. Hydrogen Sulfide and Carnosine: Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Kidney and Brain Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121303. [PMID: 33353117 PMCID: PMC7767317 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the dysregulation of cellular redox homeostasis and chronic inflammatory processes are implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney and brain disorders. In this light, endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exert cytoprotective actions through the modulation of redox-dependent resilience pathways during oxidative stress and inflammation. Several recent studies have elucidated a functional crosstalk occurring between kidney and the brain. The pathophysiological link of this crosstalk is represented by oxidative stress and inflammatory processes which contribute to the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, and dementia during the natural history of chronic kidney disease. Herein, we provide an overview of the main pathophysiological mechanisms related to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neurotoxins, which play a critical role in the kidney–brain crosstalk. The present paper also explores the respective role of H2S and carnosine in the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney–brain axis. It suggests that these activities are likely mediated, at least in part, via hormetic processes, involving Nrf2 (Nuclear factor-like 2), Hsp 70 (heat shock protein 70), SIRT-1 (Sirtuin-1), Trx (Thioredoxin), and the glutathione system. Metabolic interactions at the kidney and brain axis level operate in controlling and reducing oxidant-induced inflammatory damage and therefore, can be a promising potential therapeutic target to reduce the severity of renal and brain injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Dionisio
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark;
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Edward J. Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Verena Peters
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
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Bellia F, Grasso GI, Ahmed IMM, Oliveri V, Vecchio G. Carnoquinolines Target Copper Dyshomeostasis, Aberrant Protein-Protein Interactions, and Oxidative Stress. Chemistry 2020; 26:16690-16705. [PMID: 32627921 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal dysregulation, oxidative stress, protein modification, and aggregation are factors strictly interrelated and associated with neurodegenerative pathologies. As such, all of these aspects represent valid targets to counteract neurodegeneration and, therefore, the development of metal-binding compounds with other properties to combat multifactorial disorders is definitely on the rise. Herein, the synthesis and in-depth analysis of the first hybrids of carnosine and 8-hydroxyquinoline, carnoquinolines (CarHQs), which combine the properties of the dipeptide with those of 8-hydroxyquinoline, are reported. CarHQs and their copper complexes were characterized through several techniques, such as ESI-MS and NMR, UV/Vis, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. CarHQs can modulate self- and copper-induced amyloid-β aggregation. These hybrids combine the antioxidant activity of their parent compounds. Therefore, they can simultaneously scavenge free radicals and reactive carbonyl species, thanks to the phenolic group and imidazole ring. These results indicate that CarHQs are promising multifunctional candidates for neurodegenerative disorders and they are worthy of further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellia
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, P. Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Ida Grasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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Wang Y, Wang W, Gu Z, Miao X, Huang Q, Chang B. Temperature-responsive iron nanozymes based on poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) with multi-enzyme activity. RSC Adv 2020; 10:39954-39966. [PMID: 35515401 PMCID: PMC9057499 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07226e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe)-based nanozymes are widely applied in the biomedical field due to their enzyme-like catalytic activity. Herein, Fe(ii)-based coordination polymer nanohydrogels (FeCPNGs) have been conveniently prepared as a new type of nanozyme by the chelation reaction between ferrous iron and polymer nanohydrogels. The P(VCL-co-NMAM) nanohydrogels prepared by a reflux precipitation polymerization method using N-vinylcaprolactam (VCL) and N-methylol acrylamide (NMAM) as monomers and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker were esterified using P2O5 and then chelated with Fe(ii) ions to form nanozymes with peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. It was found by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that the nanohydrogels prepared with a monomer concentration of 4% and mass ratio of 1 : 1 (VCL : NMAM) had more uniform particle size, better dispersion and a distinct temperature response. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), DLS, TEM, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated the successful preparation of the esterified nanohydrogel and FeCPNGs. Of particular importance is that such FeCPNGs can functionally mimic two antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) by UV analysis of catalytic oxidation between 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and H2O2 and the kit analysis of SOD-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, Suzhou Chien-shiung Institute of Technology Taicang 215411 Jiangsu Province P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Nhwa Pharma. Corporation Xuzhou 221000 Jiangsu Province P. R.China
| | - Zhun Gu
- Department of Medical Technology, Suzhou Chien-shiung Institute of Technology Taicang 215411 Jiangsu Province P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Miao
- Department of Medical Technology, Suzhou Chien-shiung Institute of Technology Taicang 215411 Jiangsu Province P. R. China
| | - Qiuyan Huang
- Department of Medical Technology, Suzhou Chien-shiung Institute of Technology Taicang 215411 Jiangsu Province P. R. China
| | - Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
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Hyaluronan-carnosine conjugates inhibit Aβ aggregation and toxicity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15998. [PMID: 32994475 PMCID: PMC7524733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72989-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Finding a pharmacological approach that cures and/or prevents the onset of this devastating disease represents an important challenge for researchers. According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, increases in extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) levels give rise to different aggregated species, such as protofibrils, fibrils and oligomers, with oligomers being the more toxic species for cells. Many efforts have recently been focused on multi-target ligands to address the multiple events that occur concurrently with toxic aggregation at the onset of the disease. Moreover, investigating the effect of endogenous compounds or a combination thereof is a promising approach to prevent the side effects of entirely synthetic drugs. In this work, we report the synthesis, structural characterization and Aβ antiaggregant ability of new derivatives of hyaluronic acid (Hy, 200 and 700 kDa) functionalized with carnosine (Car), a multi-functional natural dipeptide. The bioactive substances (HyCar) inhibit the formation of amyloid-type aggregates of Aβ42 more than the parent compounds; this effect is proportional to Car loading. Furthermore, the HyCar derivatives are able to dissolve the amyloid fibrils and to reduce Aβ-induced toxicity in vitro. The enzymatic degradation of Aβ is also affected by the interaction with HyCar.
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12
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Bellia F, Lanza V, Ahmed IMM, Garcia-Vinuales S, Veiss E, Arizzi M, Calcagno D, Milardi D, Grasso G. Site directed mutagenesis of insulin-degrading enzyme allows singling out the molecular basis of peptidase versus E1-like activity: the role of metal ions. Metallomics 2020; 11:278-281. [PMID: 30627720 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00288f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Four specifically designed IDE mutants have been used to unveil the molecular basis of peptidase versus E1-like activity of the enzyme. We have found that physiological concentrations of copper(ii) ions inhibit the proteolytic activity of the enzyme towards small and large substrates but have no effect on the E1-like activity of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Catania, Italy.
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13
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Peters V, Yard B, Schmitt CP. Carnosine and Diabetic Nephropathy. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1801-1812. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190326111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a major complication in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes
and represents the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Novel therapeutic approaches are
warranted. In view of a polymorphism in the carnosinase 1 gene CNDP1, resulting in reduced
carnosine degradation activity and a significant DN risk reduction, carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine)
has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target. Carnosine has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
anti-glycation and reactive carbonyl quenching properties. In diabetic rodents, carnosine supplementation
consistently improved renal histology and function and in most studies, also glucose metabolism.
Even though plasma half-life of carnosine in humans is short, first intervention studies in (pre-)
diabetic patients yielded promising results. The precise molecular mechanisms of carnosine mediated
protective action, however, are still incompletely understood. This review highlights the recent
knowledge on the role of the carnosine metabolism in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Peters
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benito Yard
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Pirone L, Di Gaetano S, Rizzarelli E, Bellia F, Pedone E. Focusing on the functional characterization of the anserinase from Oreochromis niloticus. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:158-165. [PMID: 30797810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine, anserine and homocarnosine are the three most representative compounds of the histidine dipeptides family, widely distributed in mammals in different amounts depending on the species and the tissue considered. Histidine dipeptides are mainly degraded by two different carnosinase homologues: a highly specific metal-ion dependent carnosinase (CN1) located in serum and brain and a non-specific cytosolic form (CN2). The hydrolysis of such dipeptides in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is also catalyzed by the anserinase (ANSN). Such naturally occurring dipeptides represent an interesting topic because they seem to have numerous biological roles such as potential neuroprotective and neurotransmitter functions in the brain and therefore ANSN results to be a very interesting target of study. We here report, for the first time, cloning, expression of ANSN from the fish Oreochromis niloticus both in a mammalian and in a prokaryotic system, in order to perform deep functional studies by enzymatic assays in the presence of different metals and substrates. Furthermore, by means of a mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach, we analysed protein sequence and the potential presence of post-translational modifications in the mammalian recombinant protein. Finally, a preliminary structural characterization was carried out on ANSN produced in Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pirone
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - S Di Gaetano
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - E Rizzarelli
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, Catania, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Bellia
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, Catania, Italy.
| | - E Pedone
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli, Italy.
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15
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Bellia F, Lanza V, García-Viñuales S, Ahmed IMM, Pietropaolo A, Iacobucci C, Malgieri G, D'Abrosca G, Fattorusso R, Nicoletti VG, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Coletta M, Pirone L, Pedone E, Calcagno D, Grasso G, Milardi D. Ubiquitin binds the amyloid β peptide and interferes with its clearance pathways. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2732-2742. [PMID: 30996991 PMCID: PMC6419943 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03394c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence point to a compromised proteostasis associated with a reduction of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) activity in patients affected by Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and suggest that the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is an important player in the game. Inspired also by many reports, underlining the presence of ubiquitin (Ub) in the amyloid plaques of AD brains, here we set out to test whether Ub may bind the Aβ peptide and have any effect on its clearance pathways. By using an integrated array of MALDI-TOF/UPLC-HRMS, fluorescence, NMR, SPR, Microscale Thermophoresis (MST) and molecular dynamics studies, we consistently demonstrated that Aβ40 binds Ub with a 1 : 1 stoichiometry and K d in the high micromolar range. In particular, we show that the N-terminal domain of the Aβ peptide (through residues D1, E3 and R5) interacts with the C-terminal tail of Ub (involving residues K63 and E64), inducing the central region of Aβ (14HQKLVFFAEDVGSNK28) to adopt a mixed α-helix/β-turn structure. ELISA assays, carried out in neuroblastoma cell lysates, suggest that Aβ competitively binds Ub also in the presence of the entire pool of cytosolic Ub binding proteins. Ub-bound Aβ has a lower tendency to aggregate into amyloid-like fibrils and is more slowly degraded by the Insulin Degrading Enzyme (IDE). Finally, we observe that the water soluble fragment Aβ1-16 significantly inhibits Ub chain growth reactions. These results evidence how the non-covalent interaction between Aβ peptides and Ub may have relevant effects on the regulation of the upstream events of the UPS and pave the way to future in vivo studies addressing the role played by Aβ peptide in the malfunction of proteome maintenance occurring in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bellia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - V Lanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - S García-Viñuales
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - I M M Ahmed
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - A Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro , Viale Europa , 88100 , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - C Iacobucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Bioanalytics , Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
| | - G Malgieri
- Department of Environmental , Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Via Vivaldi 43 , 81100 Caserta , Italy
| | - G D'Abrosca
- Department of Environmental , Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Via Vivaldi 43 , 81100 Caserta , Italy
| | - R Fattorusso
- Department of Environmental , Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Via Vivaldi 43 , 81100 Caserta , Italy
| | - V G Nicoletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologiche (BIOMETEC) , sez. Biochimica medica , Università di Catania , Via Santa Sofia 97 , 95124 Catania , Italy
| | - D Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , 00133 , Roma , Italy
| | - G R Tundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , 00133 , Roma , Italy
| | - M Coletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , 00133 , Roma , Italy
| | - L Pirone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via Mezzocannone, 16 , Naples I-80134 , Italy
| | - E Pedone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via Mezzocannone, 16 , Naples I-80134 , Italy
| | - D Calcagno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , V.le Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - G Grasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , V.le Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - D Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
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16
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Di Natale G, Zimbone S, Bellia F, Tomasello M, Giuffrida M, Pappalardo G, Rizzarelli E. Potential therapeutics of Alzheimer's diseases: New insights into the neuroprotective role of trehalose‐conjugated beta sheet breaker peptides. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Di Natale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Instituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Via Paolo Gaifami 18 Catania 95126 Italy
| | - S. Zimbone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Instituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Via Paolo Gaifami 18 Catania 95126 Italy
| | - F. Bellia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Instituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Via Paolo Gaifami 18 Catania 95126 Italy
| | - M.F. Tomasello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Instituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Via Paolo Gaifami 18 Catania 95126 Italy
| | - M.L. Giuffrida
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Instituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Via Paolo Gaifami 18 Catania 95126 Italy
| | - G. Pappalardo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Instituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Via Paolo Gaifami 18 Catania 95126 Italy
| | - E. Rizzarelli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Instituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Via Paolo Gaifami 18 Catania 95126 Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6 Catania 95125 Italy
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17
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Gao E, Xing J, Qu Y, Qiu X, Zhu M. Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding, cytotoxicity and molecular docking properties of Cu (II) and Mn (II) complexes with 1,4-bis (pyrazol-1-yl) terephthalic acid. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enjun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province and Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Shenyang University of Chemical Technology; Shenyang 110142 People's Republic of China
| | - Jialing Xing
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province and Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Shenyang University of Chemical Technology; Shenyang 110142 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Qu
- Department of Oncology; Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province and Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Shenyang University of Chemical Technology; Shenyang 110142 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province and Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Shenyang University of Chemical Technology; Shenyang 110142 People's Republic of China
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18
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Patel RN, Singh Y, Singh YP, Patel AK, Patel N, Singh R, Butcher RJ, Jasinski JP, Colacio E, Palacios MA. Varying structural motifs, unusual X-band electron paramagnetic spectra, DFT studies and superoxide dismutase enzymatic activity of copper(ii) complexes with N′-[(E)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]benzohydrazide. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A diverse set of new copper(ii) complexes synthesized as possible models for antioxidant superoxide dismutase mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram N. Patel
- Department of Chemistry
- A.P.S. University
- Rewa
- India
| | | | | | | | - Neetu Patel
- Department of Chemistry
- A.P.S. University
- Rewa
- India
| | - Rita Singh
- Department of Physics
- Govt. Model Science College
- Rewa
- India
| | - Raymond J. Butcher
- Department of Inorganic & Structural Chemistry
- Howard University
- Washington
- USA
| | | | - Enrique Colacio
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica
- Universidad de Granada
- Granada
- Spain
| | - Maria A. Palacios
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica
- Universidad de Granada
- Granada
- Spain
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19
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Peters V, Zschocke J, Schmitt CP. Carnosinase, diabetes mellitus and the potential relevance of carnosinase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:39-47. [PMID: 29027595 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carnosinase (CN1) is a dipeptidase, encoded by the CNDP1 gene, that degrades histidine-containing dipeptides, such as carnosine, anserine and homocarnosine. Loss of CN1 function (also called carnosinase deficiency or aminoacyl-histidine dipeptidase deficiency) has been reported in a small number of patients with highly elevated blood carnosine concentrations, denoted carnosinaemia; it is unclear whether the variety of clinical symptoms in these individuals is causally related to carnosinase deficiency. Reduced CN1 function should increase serum carnosine concentrations but the genetic basis of carnosinaemia has not been formally confirmed to be due to CNDP1 mutations. A CNDP1 polymorphism associated with low CN1 activity correlates with significantly reduced risk for diabetic nephropathy, especially in women with type 2 diabetes, and may slow progression of chronic kidney disease in children with glomerulonephritis. Studies in rodents demonstrate antiproteinuric and vasculoprotective effects of carnosine, the precise molecular mechanisms, however, are still incompletely understood. Thus, carnosinemia due to CN1 deficiency may be a non-disease; in contrast, carnosine may potentially protect against long-term sequelae of reactive metabolites accumulating, e.g. in diabetes and chronic renal failure.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis
- Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/enzymology
- Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/epidemiology
- Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics
- Animals
- Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn/diagnosis
- Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn/enzymology
- Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn/epidemiology
- Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis
- Diabetic Nephropathies/enzymology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics
- Dipeptidases/deficiency
- Dipeptidases/genetics
- Humans
- Mutation
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Prognosis
- Protective Factors
- Risk Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Peters
- Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claus P Schmitt
- Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Grasso GI, Bellia F, Arena G, Satriano C, Vecchio G, Rizzarelli E. Multitarget trehalose-carnosine conjugates inhibit Aβ aggregation, tune copper(II) activity and decrease acrolein toxicity. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:447-457. [PMID: 28475972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence is accumulating, showing that neurodegenerative disorders are somehow associated with the toxicity of amyloid aggregates, metal ion dyshomeostasis as well as with products generated by oxidative stress. Within the biological oxidation products, acrolein does have a prominent role. A promising strategy to deal with the above neurogenerative disorders is to use multi-functions bio-molecules. Herein, we show how a class of bio-conjugates takes advantage of the antiaggregating, antioxidant and antiglycating properties of trehalose and carnosine. Their ability to sequester acrolein and to inhibit both self- and metal-induced aggregation is here reported. The copper(II) coordination properties of a new trehalose-carnosine conjugate and the relative antioxidant effects have also been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Ida Grasso
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), via P. Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), via P. Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), via P. Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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21
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Oliveri V, Bellia F, Vecchio G. Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles Bearing 8-Hydroxyquinoline Ligands as Multifunctional Biomaterials. Chemistry 2017; 23:4442-4449. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università di Catania; Viale A. Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici; C.I.R.C.M.S.B, Unit of Catania; Viale A. Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini; CNR; Via P. Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università di Catania; Viale A. Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
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22
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Canabarro CM, Ceolin J, Siqueira JD, Iglesias BA, Manzoni de Oliveira G, Back DF, Campos PT. Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Copper(II) Complexes containing Tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) Units. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cibele M. Canabarro
- Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos; Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM; ZIP CODE 97115-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Joice Ceolin
- Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos; Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM; ZIP CODE 97115-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Josiéli D. Siqueira
- Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos; Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM; ZIP CODE 97115-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Bernardo A. Iglesias
- Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos; Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM; ZIP CODE 97115-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Gelson Manzoni de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos; Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM; ZIP CODE 97115-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Davi F. Back
- Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos; Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM; ZIP CODE 97115-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Patrick T. Campos
- Instituto Federal Sul-Rio-Grandense (IFSul); Campus Pelotas, RS Brazil
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23
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Pavlin M, Rossetti G, De Vivo M, Carloni P. Carnosine and Homocarnosine Degradation Mechanisms by the Human Carnosinase Enzyme CN1: Insights from Multiscale Simulations. Biochemistry 2016; 55:2772-84. [PMID: 27105448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous dipeptide l-carnosine, and its derivative homocarnosine, prevent and reduce several pathologies like amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Their beneficial action is severely hampered because of the hydrolysis by carnosinase enzymes, in particular the human carnosinase, hCN1. This belongs to the metallopeptidase M20 family, where a cocatalytic active site is formed by two Zn(2+) ions, bridged by a hydroxide anion. The protein may exist as a monomer and as a dimer in vivo. Here we used hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations based on the dimeric apoenzyme's structural information to predict the Michaelis complexes with l-carnosine and its derivative homocarnosine. On the basis of our calculations, we suggest that (i) l-carnosine degradation occurs through a nucleophilic attack of a Zn(2+)-coordinated bridging moiety for both monomer and dimer. This mechanistic hypothesis for hCN1 catalysis differs from previous proposals, while it is in agreement with available experimental data. (ii) The experimentally measured higher affinity of homocarnosine for the enzyme relative to l-carnosine might be explained, at least in part, by more extensive interactions inside the monomeric and dimeric hCN1's active site. (iii) Hydrogen bonds at the binding site, present in the dimer but absent in the monomer, might play a role in the experimentally observed higher activity of the dimeric form. Investigations of the enzymatic reaction are required to establish or disprove this hypothesis. Our results may serve as a basis for the design of potent hCN1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matic Pavlin
- Laboratory for Computational Biophysics, German Research School for Simulation Sciences (GRS), Forschungszentrum Jülich-RWTH Aachen , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Giulia Rossetti
- Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Jülich Supercomputing Center (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University , Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco De Vivo
- Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Discovery, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Carloni
- Laboratory for Computational Biophysics, German Research School for Simulation Sciences (GRS), Forschungszentrum Jülich-RWTH Aachen , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany
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24
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Czekański Ł, Hoffmann SK, Barczyński P, Gąsowska A, Bregier-Jarzębowska R, Zalewska A, Goslar J, Ratajczak-Sitarz M, Katrusiak A. Crystal structure and physical properties of 1-methyl-3-(carboxymethyl)benzimidazolium betaine·CuBr2 in crystal and water solution. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03192g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Planar CuO2Br2 complex exists in a triclinic unit cell. Single crystal EPR and MO-theory give electron spin density delocalization parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Czekański
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | | | - Piotr Barczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Anna Gąsowska
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | | | - Alina Zalewska
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Janina Goslar
- Institute of Molecular Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 60-179 Poznań
- Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Katrusiak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
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25
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Oliveri V, Bellia F, Grasso GI, Pietropaolo A, Vecchio G. Trehalose-8-hydroxyquinoline conjugates as antioxidant modulators of Aβ aggregation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04204j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The conjugation of trehalose with 8-hydroxyquinoline induces synergistic effects that lead to good antiaggregant ability. The difunctionalization of trehalose produces a better-performing antiaggregant compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- Catania
- Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici C.I.R.C.M.S.B
| | | | | | - Adriana Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute
- Università di Catanzaro
- 88100 Catanzaro
- Italy
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Lanza V, D'Agata R, Iacono G, Bellia F, Spoto G, Vecchio G. Cyclam glycoconjugates as lectin ligands and protective agents of metal-induced amyloid aggregation. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:377-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Signorella S, Daier V, Ledesma G, Palopoli C, Back DF, Lang ES, Kopp CR, Ebani P, Pereira MB, Giacomelli C, Piquini PC. Synthesis, structure and SOD activity of Mn complexes with symmetric Schiff base ligands derived from pyridoxal. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Oliveri V, Bellia F, Pietropaolo A, Vecchio G. Unusual Cyclodextrin Derivatives as a New Avenue to Modulate Self- and Metal-Induced Aβ Aggregation. Chemistry 2015; 21:14047-59. [PMID: 26298549 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests an important role of cyclodextrins in providing protection in neurodegenerative disorders. Metal dyshomeostasis is reported to be a pathogenic factor in neurodegeneration because it could be responsible for damage involving oxidative stress and protein aggregation. As such, metal ions represent an effective target. To improve the metal-binding ability of cyclodextrin, we synthesized three new 8-hydroxyquinoline-cyclodextrin conjugates with difunctionalized cyclodextrins. In particular, the 3-difunctionalized regioisomer represents the first example of cyclodextrin with two pendants at the secondary rim, resulting in a promising compound. The derivatives have significant antioxidant capacity and the powerful activity in inhibiting self-induced amyloid-β aggregation seems to be led by synergistic effects of both cyclodextrin and hydroxyquinoline. Moreover, the derivatives are also able to complex metal ions and to inhibit metal-induced protein aggregation. Therefore, these compounds could have potential as therapeutic agents in diseases related to protein aggregation and metal dyshomeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania (Italy).,Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, C.I.R.C.M.S.B, Unità di Ricerca di Catania, 95125 Catania (Italy)
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania (Italy).
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Oliveri V, Grasso GI, Bellia F, Attanasio F, Viale M, Vecchio G. Soluble Sugar-Based Quinoline Derivatives as New Antioxidant Modulators of Metal-Induced Amyloid Aggregation. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2591-602. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502713f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppa I. Grasso
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB), CNR, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB), CNR, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB), CNR, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Maurizio Viale
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino − IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, U.O.C. Bioterapie, L.go R. Benzi, 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Zhou YH, Tao J, Lv QC, Jia WG, Yun RR, Cheng Y. Effect of the amide groups on superoxide dismutation catalyzed by copper(II) complexes of adamantane. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bellia F, Vecchio G, Rizzarelli E. Carnosinases, their substrates and diseases. Molecules 2014; 19:2299-329. [PMID: 24566305 PMCID: PMC6271292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19022299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnosinases are Xaa-His dipeptidases that play diverse functions throughout all kingdoms of life. Human isoforms of carnosinase (CN1 and CN2) under appropriate conditions catalyze the hydrolysis of the dipeptides carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine) and homocarnosine (γ-aminobutyryl-l-histidine). Alterations of serum carnosinase (CN1) activity has been associated with several pathological conditions, such as neurological disorders, chronic diseases and cancer. For this reason the use of carnosinase levels as a biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been questioned. The hydrolysis of imidazole-related dipeptides in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is also catalyzed by aminoacyl-histidine dipeptidases like PepD (EC 3.4.13.3), PepV (EC 3.4.13.19) and anserinase (EC 3.4.13.5). The review deals with the structure and function of this class of enzymes in physiological and pathological conditions. The main substrates of these enzymes, i.e., carnosine, homocarnosine and anserine (β-alanyl-3-methyl-l-histidine) will also be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, CNR, viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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