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Bernkop-Schnürch AD, Huber K, Clauser A, Cziferszky M, Leitner D, Talasz H, Hermann M, Hohloch S, Gust R, Kircher B. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel halogenated chlorido[N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]iron(III) complexes as anticancer agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024:10.1007/s00775-024-02067-9. [PMID: 39133326 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-024-02067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Iron(III) complexes based on N,N´-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salene) scaffolds have demonstrated promising anticancer features like induction of ferroptosis, an iron dependent cell death. Since poor cellular uptake limits their therapeutical potential, this study aimed to enhance the lipophilic character of chlorido[N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]iron(III) complexes by introducing lipophilicity improving ligands such as fluorine (X1), chlorine (X2) and bromine (X3) in 5-position in the salicylidene moieties. After detailed characterization the binding to nucleophiles, logP values and cellular uptake were determined. The complexes were further evaluated regarding their biological activity on MDA-MB 231 mammary carcinoma, the non-tumorous SV-80 fibroblast, HS-5 stroma and MCF-10A mammary gland cell lines. Stability of the complexes in aqueous and biological environments was proven by the lack of interactions with amino acids and glutathione. Cellular uptake was positively correlated with the logP values, indicating that higher lipophilicity enhanced cellular uptake. The complexes induced strong antiproliferative and antimetabolic effects on MDA-MB 231 cells, but were inactive on all non-malignant cells tested. Generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, increase of lipid peroxidation and induction of both ferroptosis and necroptosis were identified as mechanisms of action. In conclusion, halogenation of chlorido[N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]iron(III) complexes raises their lipophilic character resulting in improved cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Dagmar Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Huber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armida Clauser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- Immunobiology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Cziferszky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Leitner
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Talasz
- Biocenter, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Protein Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Hermann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronald Gust
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, CMBI-Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kircher
- Immunobiology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innrain 66, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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2
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Joksimović N, Petronijević J, Ćoćić D, Ristić M, Mihajlović K, Janković N, Milović E, Klisurić O, Petrović N, Kosanić M. Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of novel cobalt(II) complexes with β-diketonates: crystal structure determination, BSA binding properties and molecular docking study. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024:10.1007/s00775-024-02069-7. [PMID: 39120695 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-024-02069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
In order to discover a new antibiotic drug with better or similar activity of the already existing drugs, a series of novel cobalt(II) complexes with β-diketonate as ligands is synthesized and tested on four strains of bacteria and four species of fungi. All compounds showed notable antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. More importantly, some cobalt(II) complexes displayed greater activity than ketoconazole. It is important to notice that on the tested strains Mucor mucedo and Penicillium italicum complex 2B showed five times better activity compared to ketoconazole, while complex 2D had two times better activity on Penicillium italicum strain compared to ketoconazole. Moreover, investigations with bovine serum albumin were performed. Investigations showed that the tested complexes have an appropriate affinity for binding to bovine serum albumin. In addition, the molecular docking study was performed to investigate more specifically the sites and binding mode of the tested cobalt(II) complexes with β-diketonate as ligands to bovine serum albumin, tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, topoisomerase II DNA gyrase, and cytochrome P450 14 alpha-sterol demethylase. In conclusion, all the results indicated the great prospective of the novel cobalt complexes for some potential clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad Joksimović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Petronijević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dušan Ćoćić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Ristić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Kristina Mihajlović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nenad Janković
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Emilija Milović
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Olivera Klisurić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nevena Petrović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marijana Kosanić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
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3
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Deka B, Sarkar T, Bhattacharyya A, Butcher RJ, Banerjee S, Deka S, Saikia KK, Hussain A. Synthesis, characterization, and cancer cell-selective cytotoxicity of mixed-ligand cobalt(III) complexes of 8-hydroxyquinolines and phenanthroline bases. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4952-4961. [PMID: 38275106 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04045c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes exhibiting selective toxicity towards a broad range of cancer types are highly desirable as potential anticancer agents. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity studies of six new mixed-ligand cobalt(III) complexes of general formula [Co(B)2(L)](ClO4)2 (1-6), where B is a N,N-donor phenanthroline base, namely, 1,10-phenanthroline (phen in 1, 2), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq in 3, 4), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz in 5, 6), and L is the monoanion of 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ in 1, 3, 5) and 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (CQ in 2, 4, 6). The X-ray single crystal structures of complexes 1 and 2 as PF6- salts revealed a distorted octahedral CoN5O coordination environment. Complexes demonstrated good stability in an aqueous buffer medium and in the presence of ascorbic acid as a reductant. Cytotoxicity studies using a panel of nine cancer cell lines showed that complex 6, with the dppz and CQ ligands, was significantly toxic against most cancer cell types, yielding IC50 values in the range of 2 to 14 μM. Complexes 1, 3, and 5, containing the HQ ligand, displayed lower toxicity compared to their CQ counterparts. The phenanthroline complexes demonstrated marginal toxicity towards the tested cell lines, while the dpq complexes exhibited moderate toxicity. Interestingly, all complexes demonstrated negligible toxicity towards normal HEK-293 kidney cells (IC50 > 100 μM). The observed cytotoxicity of the complexes correlated well with their lipophilicities (dppz > dpq > phen). The cytotoxicity of complex 6 was comparable to that of the clinical drug cisplatin under similar conditions. Notably, neither the HQ nor the CQ ligands alone demonstrated noticeable toxicity against any of the tested cell lines. The Annexin-V-FITC and DCFDA assays revealed that the cell death mechanism induced by the complexes involved apoptosis, which could be attributed to the metal-assisted generation of reactive oxygen species. Overall, the dppz complex 6, with its remarkable cytotoxicity against a broad range of cancer cells and negligible toxicity toward normal cells, holds significant potential for cancer chemotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banashree Deka
- Department of Chemistry, Handique Girls' College, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India.
| | - Tukki Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Handique Girls' College, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India.
| | - Arnab Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India.
| | - Ray J Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street, NW 20059, USA.
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
| | - Sasanka Deka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110024, India.
| | - Kandarpa K Saikia
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, GUIST, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India.
| | - Akhtar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Handique Girls' College, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India.
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4
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Gul Q, Karim N, Shoaib M, Zahoor M, Rahman MU, Bilal H, Ullah R, Alotaibi A. Vanillin derivatives as antiamnesic agents in scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26657. [PMID: 38420420 PMCID: PMC10901097 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Amnesia is a major health problem prevalent in almost every part of the world specifically in old age peoples. Vanillin analogues have played an important role in the field medicines. Some of them have been documented to be promising inhibitors of cholinesterases and could therefore, be used as antidepressant, anti-Alzheimer and as neuroprotective drugs. In this connection, the present study was designed to synthesize new vanillin analogues (SB-1 to SB-6) of varied biological potentials. The synthesized compounds were investigated as inhibitors against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes and as scavengers of DPPH and ABTS free radicals followed by behavioural antiamnesic evaluation in mice. The compounds; SB-1, SB-3, SB-4 and SB-6 more potently inhibited AChE with IC50 values of 0.078, 0.157, 0.108, and 0.014 μM respectively. The BChE was more potently inhibited by SB-3 with IC50 of 0.057 μM. Moreover, all of the tested compounds exhibited strong antioxidant potentials with promising results of SB-3 against DPPH with IC50 of 0.305 μM, while SB-5 was most active against ABTS with IC50 of 0.190 μM. The in-vivo studies revealed the improvement in memory deficit caused by scopolamine. Y-Maze and new object recognition test showed a considerable decline in cognitive dysfunctions. In Y-Maze test the spontaneous alteration of 69.44 ± 1% and 84.88 ± 1.35% for SB-1 and 68.92 ± 1% and 80.89 ± 1% for SB-3 at both test doses were recorded while during the novel object recognition test the Discrimination Index percentage of SB-1 was more pronounced as compared to standard drug. All compounds were found to be potent inhibitors of AChE, BChE, DPPH, and ABTS in vitro however, SB-1 and SB-3 were comparatively more potent. SB-1 was also more active in reclamation of memory deficit caused by scopolamine. SB-1 and SB-3 may be considered as excellent drug candidates for treating amnesia subjected to toxicological evaluations in other animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Gul
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Nasiara Karim
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Shoaib
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob Ur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hayat Bilal
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alotaibi
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Polymer complexes: LXXX—characterization, DNA cleavage properties, antimicrobial activity and molecular docking studies of transition metal complexes of Schiff base. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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6
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Kanwal A, Parveen B, Ashraf R, Haider N, Ali KG. A review on synthesis and applications of some selected Schiff bases with their transition metal complexes. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2138364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Attia Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Noman Haider
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Ghulam Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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7
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Shekhar S, Sharma S, Okolie JA, Kumar A, Sharma B, Meena MK, Bhagi AK, Sarkar A. Synthesis, structural elucidation, biological screening, and DFT calculations of Cu (II), Ni (II), Mn (II), and Co (II) complexes of 20
Z
‐
N
‐((
Z
)‐2‐(6‐nitrobenzo[
d
]thiazol‐2‐ylimino)‐1,2‐diphenylethylidene)‐5‐nitrobenzo[
d
]thiazol‐2‐amine Schiff base ligand. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Shekhar
- Department of Chemistry Netaji Subhas University of Technology Delhi India
| | - Shreya Sharma
- Department of Chemistry Netaji Subhas University of Technology Delhi India
| | | | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Dayal Singh College University of Delhi India
| | - Bhasha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College, Raja Garden, Ring Road, New Delhi‐110027 University of Delhi India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Meena
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College, Raja Garden, Ring Road, New Delhi‐110027 University of Delhi India
| | - Ajay Kumar Bhagi
- Department of Chemistry, Dayal Singh College University of Delhi India
| | - Anjana Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry Netaji Subhas University of Technology Delhi India
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8
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Kar K, Ghosh D, Kabi B, Chandra A. A concise review on cobalt Schiff base complexes as anticancer agents. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Kapp LE, Schutte-Smith M, Twigge L, Visser HG. Synthesis, characterization and DNA binding of four imidazo[4,5-f]1,10-phenanthroline derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of novel organometallic cobalt(III) complex encapsulated in polydiacetylene-phospholipid nanoformulation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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He X, Wang Y, Yuan D, You H, Yao Y. Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Study of Amine-Bridged Bis(phenolato) Co(II) and Co(II/III)-M(I) Complexes (M = K or Na). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11521-11529. [PMID: 34281344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Co(II) complexes 1-3 bearing amine-bridged bis(phenolato) complexes have been synthesized through reactions of bis(phenols) with CoCl2 or Co(OAc)2. Oxidation of the Co(II) complex with air resulted in partial oxidation, generating mixed valence Co(II/III) complexes 4 and 5. In addition, due to the presence of alkali compounds (KOAc and NaOMe), 4 and 5 formed as Co-alkali metal heterometallic complexes, which are the first example of mixed valence Co(II/III)-M(I) (M = K or Na) complexes. Complexes 1-5 showed good activity in the cycloaddition of epoxides and CO2 under atmospheric pressure, generating cyclic carbonates in 40-99% yields. Co(II/III)-Na(I) complex 5 performed better in reactions of bulkier substrates, underlining the enhanced activity of mixed valence Co-alkali metal heterometallic complexes. On the contrary, complex 5 showed limited activity in copolymerization of epoxide and CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi He
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongpeng You
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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12
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Mamidala S, Aravilli RK, Ramesh G, Khajavali S, Chedupaka R, Manga V, Vedula RR. A facile one-pot, three-component synthesis of a new series of thiazolyl pyrazole carbaldehydes: In vitro anticancer evaluation, in silico ADME/T, and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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A facile one-pot, three component synthesis of a new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazines: Anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Gayraud F, Klußmann M, Neundorf I. Recent Advances and Trends in Chemical CPP-Drug Conjugation Techniques. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061591. [PMID: 33805680 PMCID: PMC7998868 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments in conjugation techniques for the synthesis of cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)–drug conjugates targeting cancer cells. We will focus on small organic molecules as well as metal complexes that were used as cytostatic payloads. Moreover, two principle ways of coupling chemistry will be discussed direct conjugation as well as the use of bifunctional linkers. While direct conjugation of the drug to the CPP is still popular, the use of bifunctional linkers seems to gain increasing attention as it offers more advantages related to the linker chemistry. Thus, three main categories of linkers will be highlighted, forming either disulfide acid-sensitive or stimuli-sensitive bonds. All techniques will be thoroughly discussed by their pros and cons with the aim to help the reader in the choice of the optimal conjugation technique that might be used for the synthesis of a given CPP–drug conjugate
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15
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Luminescent ruthenium(II)-para-cymene complexes of aryl substituted imidazo-1,10-phenanthroline as anticancer agents and the effect of remote substituents on cytotoxic activities. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Paul S, Dey S, Pal K, Maity S, Jana K, Sinha C. A Fluorogenic Triphenyl‐Amine‐Naphthyl‐Hydrazide Probe Selective for Cu
2+
and Cysteine Detection via an ON‐OFF‐ON Logic path with Real Applications. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Paul
- Department of Chemstry Jadavpur University Kolkata 700 032 India
| | - Sunanda Dey
- Department of Chemstry Jadavpur University Kolkata 700 032 India
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India
- Division of Molecular Medicine Bose Institute Kolkata 700056 India
| | - Suvendu Maity
- Department of Chemstry Jadavpur University Kolkata 700 032 India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine Bose Institute Kolkata 700056 India
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17
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Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotic Microalgae as Emerging Sources of Antibacterial Peptides. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245804. [PMID: 33316949 PMCID: PMC7763478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and microalgae are oxygen-producing photosynthetic unicellular organisms encompassing a great diversity of species, which are able to grow under all types of extreme environments and exposed to a wide variety of predators and microbial pathogens. The antibacterial compounds described for these organisms include alkaloids, fatty acids, indoles, macrolides, peptides, phenols, pigments and terpenes, among others. This review presents an overview of antibacterial peptides isolated from cyanobacteria and microalgae, as well as their synergism and mechanisms of action described so far. Antibacterial cyanopeptides belong to different orders, but mainly from Oscillatoriales and Nostocales. Cyanopeptides have different structures but are mainly cyclic peptides. This vast peptide repertoire includes ribosomal and abundant non-ribosomal peptides, evaluated by standard conventional methodologies against pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The antibacterial activity described for microalgal peptides is considerably scarcer, and limited to protein hydrolysates from two Chlorella species, and few peptides from Tetraselmis suecica. Despite the promising applications of antibacterial peptides and the importance of searching for new natural sources of antibiotics, limitations still persist for their pharmaceutical applications.
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18
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Perontsis S, Geromichalou E, Perdih F, Hatzidimitriou AG, Geromichalos GD, Turel I, Psomas G. Synthesis, structural determination, in vitro and in silico biological evaluation of divalent or trivalent cobalt complexes with indomethacin. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 212:111213. [PMID: 32889129 PMCID: PMC7416082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of cobalt chloride with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (Hindo) led to the formation of the polymeric complex [Co(indo-O)2(H2O)2(μ-Cl)]n·n(MeOH·H2O) bearing one chlorido bridge between the cobalt atoms. The presence of the nitrogen-donor co-ligands 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), 2,2'-bipyridylamine (bipyam), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 1H-imidazole (Himi) resulted in the isolation of complexes [Co2(μ-indo-O,O')2(indo-O)2(bipy)2(μ-H2O)]·3.3MeOH, [Co(indo-O,O')2(bipyam)]·0.9MeOH·0.2H2O, [Co(indo-O,O')2(phen)] (4) and [Co(indo-O)2(Himi)2] (5), respectively, where the indomethacin ligands were coordinated in diverse manners. The study of the affinity of the complexes for calf-thymus DNA revealed their intercalation between the DNA-bases. The binding of the complexes to albumins was also examined and the corresponding binding constants and binding subdomain were determined. The free radical scavenging activity of the compounds was evaluated towards 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). Molecular modeling calculations may usually provide a molecular basis for the understanding of both the impairment of DNA by its binding with the studied complexes and the ability of these compounds to transportation through serum albumin proteins. This study can provide information for the elucidation of the mechanism of action of the compounds in a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros Perontsis
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elena Geromichalou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Franc Perdih
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Antonios G Hatzidimitriou
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George D Geromichalos
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - George Psomas
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Highly selective and potent anti-cancer agents based on 2,9-substituted-1,10-phenanthroline derivatives. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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PLA-PEG nanospheres decorated with phage display selected peptides as biomarkers for detection of human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1771-1787. [PMID: 32840755 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-mediated targeting to colorectal cancer can increase selectivity and specificity of this cancer diagnosis acting as biomarkers. The present work aimed to select peptides using the phage display technique and associate the peptides with polymeric nanospheres in order to evaluate their cytotoxicity and selectivity during cell interaction with Caco-2 human colon tumor cell line. Two peptides identified by phage display (peptide-1 and peptide-2) were synthesized and exhibited purity higher than 84%. Poly(lactic acid)-block-polyethylene glycol nanospheres were prepared by nanoprecipitation and double emulsion methods in order to load the two peptides. Nanoparticles ranged in size from 114 to 150 nm and peptide encapsulation efficiency varied from 16 to 32%, depending on the methodology. No cytotoxic activity was observed towards Caco-2 tumor cell line, either free or loaded peptides in concentrations up to 3 μM at incubation times of 6 and 24 h, indicating safety as biomarkers. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled peptides allowed evaluating selective interactions with Caco-2 cells, where peptide-1 entrapped in nanospheres showed greater intensity of co-localized cell fluorescence, in comparison to peptide-2. Peptide-1 loaded in nanospheres revealed promising to be investigated in further studies of selectivity with other human colon rectal cells as a potential biomarker.Graphical abstract.
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Farkas E. International Symposium on Metal Complexes 2019 (ISMEC 2019) hosted by the University Debrecen, Hungary. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 206:111045. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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