1
|
Parras-Jurado A, Muñoz D, Beperet I, Williams T, Caballero P. Insecticidal Traits of Variants in a Genotypically Diverse Natural Isolate of Anticarsia Gemmatalis Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV). Viruses 2023; 15:1526. [PMID: 37515212 PMCID: PMC10386246 DOI: 10.3390/v15071526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), a major pest of soybean, can be controlled below economic thresholds with methods that do not involve the application of synthetic insecticides. Formulations based on natural isolates of the Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) (Baculoviridae: Alphabaculovirus) played a significant role in integrated pest management programs in the early 2000s, but a new generation of chemical insecticides and transgenic soybean have displaced AgMNPV-based products over the past decade. However, the marked genotypic variability present among and within alphabaculovirus isolates suggests that highly insecticidal genotypic variants can be isolated and used to reduce virus production costs or overcome isolate-dependent host resistance. This study aimed to select novel variants of AgMNPV with suitable insecticidal traits that could complement the existing AgMNPV active ingredients. Three distinct AgMNPV isolates were compared using their restriction endonuclease profile and in terms of their occlusion body (OB) pathogenicity. One isolate was selected (AgABB51) from which eighteen genotypic variants were plaque purified and characterized in terms of their insecticidal properties. The five most pathogenic variants varied in OB pathogenicity, although none of them was faster-killing or had higher OB production characteristics than the wild-type isolate. We conclude that the AgABB51 wild-type isolates appear to be genotypically structured for fast speed of kill and high OB production, both of which would favor horizontal transmission. Interactions among the component variants are likely to influence this insecticidal phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Parras-Jurado
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Polígono Industrial Mocholi Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 Noáin, Spain
| | - Delia Muñoz
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inés Beperet
- Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Polígono Industrial Mocholi Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 Noáin, Spain
| | - Trevor Williams
- Instituto de Ecología AC (INECOL), Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Primitivo Caballero
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, Bioinsectis SL, Polígono Industrial Mocholi Plaza Cein 5, Nave A14, 31110 Noáin, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Characteristics of the Peritrophic Matrix of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori and Factors Influencing Its Formation. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12060516. [PMID: 34199436 PMCID: PMC8227122 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The insect midgut is an important digestive organ with the peritrophic matrix (PM) being a semi-permeable membrane secreted by the midgut cells. The PM plays an important role in improving midgut digestion efficiency and protecting the midgut from food particles and exogenous pathogens. The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an economically important insect. Understanding the structure of the PM is necessary for studying its function, but characteristics of PM in B. mori have been rarely reported. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive study on the PM structure of the PM in silkworms and found its thickness increased gradually during growth, but there was no difference in the thickness comparing the anterior, middle, and posterior regions. Permeability of the PM gradually decreased from the anterior to posterior regions. In addition, we found the formation of the PM was influenced by food ingestion and the gut microbiota. Abstract The peritrophic matrix (PM) secreted by the midgut cells of insects is formed by the binding of PM proteins to chitin fibrils. The PM envelops the food bolus, serving as a barrier between the content of the midgut lumen and its epithelium, and plays a protective role for epithelial cells against mechanical damage, pathogens, toxins, and other harmful substances. However, few studies have investigated the characteristics and synthesis factors of the PM in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Here, we examined the characteristics of the PM in the silkworms. The PM thickness of the silkworms increased gradually during growth, while there was no significant difference in thickness along the entire PM region. Permeability of the PM decreased gradually from the anterior to posterior PM. We also found that PM synthesis was affected by food ingestion and the gut microbiota. Our results are beneficial for future studies regarding the function of the PM in silkworms.
Collapse
|
3
|
Farder-Gomes CF, Saravanan M, Martínez LC, Plata-Rueda A, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Azadirachtin-based biopesticide affects the respiration and digestion in Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1892764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Meenakshi Saravanan
- Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | | | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Plata-Rueda A, Fiaz M, Brügger BP, Cañas V, Coelho RP, Zanuncio JC, Martínez LC, Serrão JE. Lemongrass essential oil and its components cause effects on survival, locomotion, ingestion, and histological changes of the midgut in Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1861468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Fiaz
- Departmento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Veronica Cañas
- Departmento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departmento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departmento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iwata K, Haas-Stapleton E, Kunimi Y, Inoue MN, Nakai M. Midgut-based resistance to oral infection by a nucleopolyhedrovirus in the laboratory-selected strain of the smaller tea tortrix, Adoxophyes honmai (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). J Gen Virol 2017; 98:296-304. [PMID: 28008817 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A strain of Adoxophyes honmai resistant to Adoxophyes honmai nucleopolyhedrovirus (AdhoNPV) was established from a field-collected colony by repeated selection. Fifth-instar larvae of this resistant strain (R-strain) had over 66 666-fold greater resistance in terms of 50 % lethal concentration values to oral infection of AdhoNPV than non-selected strain larvae (susceptible for AdhoNPV; S2-strain). In this study, the mechanism of resistance to AdhoNPV was determined in R-strain larvae. An assessment of viral genome replication in AdhoNPV-infected S2- and R-strain larvae by quantitative PCR showed no viral genome replication occurring in R-strain larvae. Transcription of AdhoNPV ie-1, vp39 and polyhedrin genes was also not detected in R-strain midgut cells. Besides, a fluorescent brightener had no effect on AdhoNPV infection in either S2- or R-strain. However, binding and fusion of occlusion-derived virus with R-strain were significantly lower than those of S2-strain. These findings suggest that R-strain Adoxophyeshonmai larvae possess a midgut-based resistance to oral infection by AdhoNPV in which midgut epithelial cells are infected less efficiently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kento Iwata
- Graduate school of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Eric Haas-Stapleton
- Alameda County Mosquito Abatement District, 23187 Connecticut Street, Hayward, CA 94545, USA.,Graduate school of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Kunimi
- Graduate school of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Maki N Inoue
- Graduate school of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Madoka Nakai
- Graduate school of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Siegwart M, Graillot B, Blachere Lopez C, Besse S, Bardin M, Nicot PC, Lopez-Ferber M. Resistance to bio-insecticides or how to enhance their sustainability: a review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:381. [PMID: 26150820 PMCID: PMC4472983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
After more than 70 years of chemical pesticide use, modern agriculture is increasingly using biological control products. Resistances to conventional insecticides are wide spread, while those to bio-insecticides have raised less attention, and resistance management is frequently neglected. However, a good knowledge of the limitations of a new technique often provides greater sustainability. In this review, we compile cases of resistance to widely used bio-insecticides and describe the associated resistance mechanisms. This overview shows that all widely used bio-insecticides ultimately select resistant individuals. For example, at least 27 species of insects have been described as resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. The resistance mechanisms are at least as diverse as those that are involved in resistance to chemical insecticides, some of them being common to bio-insecticides and chemical insecticides. This analysis highlights the specific properties of bio-insecticides that the scientific community should use to provide a better sustainability of these products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Siegwart
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1115, Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles UnitAvignon, France
- *Correspondence: Myriam Siegwart, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, – Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles Unit – Bât B, 228 Route de L'aérodrome, CS 40509, Domaine St Paul – Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - Benoit Graillot
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement Industriel, Ecole des Mines d'Alès, Institut Mines-Telecom et Université de Montpellier Sud de FranceAlès, France
- Natural Plant Protection, Arysta LifeScience GroupPau, France
| | | | - Samantha Besse
- Natural Plant Protection, Arysta LifeScience GroupPau, France
| | - Marc Bardin
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR407, Plant Pathology UnitMontfavet, France
| | - Philippe C. Nicot
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR407, Plant Pathology UnitMontfavet, France
| | - Miguel Lopez-Ferber
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement Industriel, Ecole des Mines d'Alès, Institut Mines-Telecom et Université de Montpellier Sud de FranceAlès, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Teixeira ADD, Marques-Araújo S, Zanuncio JC, Serrão JE. Peritrophic membrane origin in adult bees (Hymenoptera): immunolocalization. Micron 2014; 68:91-97. [PMID: 25464146 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The midgut is a region of the digestive tract of bees with the lumen lined by a peritrophic membrane that is composed of chitin and proteins (peritrophins). The origin of the peritrophins in the midgut of adult bees is unknown. This study used an anti-peritrophin 55-kDa antibody to immunolocalize the sites of the peritrophic membrane synthesis in nine species of adult bees' representatives of different families and sociability levels. In all studied species the peritrophin-55 is produced by digestive cells in the entire midgut in the rough endoplasmic reticulum following transference to Golgi apparatus and released by secretory vesicles, which fuses with the plasma membrane and microvilli. Thus, in the representatives of different groups of bees, the PM is of type I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Solange Marques-Araújo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - José Eduado Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bernal A, Simón O, Williams T, Caballero P. Stage-specific insecticidal characteristics of a nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate from Chrysodeixis chalcites enhanced by optical brighteners. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2014; 70:798-804. [PMID: 23893929 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chrysodeixis chalcites is a major noctuid pest of banana crops in the Canary Islands. The stage-specific susceptibility of this pest to C. chalcites single nucleopolyhedrovirus (ChchSNPV-TF1) was determined, as well as the effect of selected optical brighteners as enhancers of primary infection. RESULTS Susceptibility to ChchSNPV-TF1 occlusion bodies (OBs) decreased as larval stage increased; second instars (L2) were 10,000-fold more susceptible than sixth instars (L6). Virus speed of kill was 42 h faster in L2 than in L6 . OB production increased in late instars; L6 larvae produced 23-fold more OBs than L4 . Addition of 10 mg mL(-1) Tinopal enhanced OB pathogenicity by 4.43- to 397-fold depending on instar, whereas 10 µL mL(-1) Leucophor resulted in potentiation of OB pathogenicity from 1.46- to 143-fold. Mean time to death decreased by 14 to 26 h when larvae consumed OBs in mixtures with 10 mg mL(-1) Tinopal, or 10 µL mL(-1) Leucophor, although in these treatments OB yields were reduced by up to 8.5-fold (Tinopal) or up to 3.8-fold (Leucophor). CONCLUSION These results have clear applications for the use of ChchSNPV-TF1 as a biological insecticide in control programs against C. chalcites in the Canary Islands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bernal
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva Baja, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gomes FM, Carvalho DB, Machado EA, Miranda K. Ultrastructural and functional analysis of secretory goblet cells in the midgut of the lepidopteran Anticarsia gemmatalis. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 352:313-26. [PMID: 23397424 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Defoliation caused by Anticarsia gemmatalis larvae affects the commercial production of the soybean. Although regulation of the digestion of soybean components has become part of the suggested strategy to overcome problems caused by Anticarsia larvae, few studies have focused on the morphological and cellular aspects of Anticarsia intestinal tissue. We have therefore further analyzed the morphology and ultrastructure of the midgut of 5th instar larvae of A. gemmatalis. Dissected midgut was subjected to chemical or cryo-fixation and then to several descriptive and analytical techniques associated with both light and electron microscopy in order to correlate anatomical and physiological aspects of this organ. Histological analysis revealed typical anatomy composed of a cell layer limited by a peritrophic membrane. The identified lepidoptera-specific goblet cells were shown to contain several mitochondria inside microvilli of the goblet cell cavity and a vacuolar H(+)-ATPase possibly coupled to a K(+)-pumping system. Columnar cells were present and exhibited microvilli dispersed along the apical region that also presented secretory characteristics. We additionally found evidence for the secretion of polyphosphate (PolyP) into the midgut, a result corroborating previous reports suggesting an excretion route from the goblet cell cavity toward the luminal space. Thus, our results suggest that the Anticarsia midgut not only possesses several typical lepidopteran features but also presents some unique aspects such as the presence of a tubular network and PolyP-containing apocrine secretions, plus an apparent route for the release of cellular debris by the goblet cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F M Gomes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Levy SM, Falleiros AMF, Moscardi F, Gregório EA. The role of peritrophic membrane in the resistance of Anticarsia gemmatalis larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) during the infection by its nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV). ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2011; 40:429-434. [PMID: 21775204 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze morphologically the peritrophic membrane (PM) of Anticarsia gemmatalis larvae resistant (RL) and non-resistant (susceptible) (SL) to the A. gemmatalis multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV), in the presence of viral infection. Also, in this investigation the results between SL and RL were compared to improve the understanding of the resistance mechanisms to the virus. The PM of SL of A. gemmatalis was less efficient as a barrier against the viral infection since it was found to be more fragile than the PM of RL. The lower chitin content as seen from weaker fluorescent staining in SL as well as the abundance of non-solubilized vesicular materials in the ectoperitrophic space, would cause the malformation of this membrane, facilitating the passage of the virus toward the epithelium of the midgut. On the other hand, in RL, the intensity of WGA (wheat germ agglutinin)-conjugated FITC (fluorescein) reaction of the PM was greater than in SL, making this insect more resistant to infection. We can conclude that the effectiveness of the PM in protecting against pathogens is dependent on the integrity of the epithelial cells of the midgut and of the structural preservation of the PM, being directly implicated in the resistance of A. gemmatalis larvae to AgMNPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila M Levy
- Dept. de Histologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Levy SM, Moscardi F, Falleiros ÂM, Silva RJ, Gregório EA. A morphometric study of the midgut in resistant and non-resistant Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae to its nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV). J Invertebr Pathol 2009; 101:17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2009.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Revised: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
12
|
Shapiro M, Merle Shepard B. Relative Efficacies of Congo Red and Tinopal LPW on the Activity of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Cypovirus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3954/1523-5475-25.4.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|