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Martemyanov VV, Akhanaev YB, Belousova IA, Pavlusin SV, Yakimova ME, Kharlamova DD, Ageev AA, Golovina AN, Astapenko SA, Kolosov AV, Ananko GG, Taranov OS, Shvalov AN, Bodnev SA, Ershov NI, Grushevaya IV, Timofeyev MA, Tokarev YS. A New Cypovirus-1 Strain as a Promising Agent for Lepidopteran Pest Control. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0385522. [PMID: 37154690 PMCID: PMC10269911 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03855-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Now more than ever researchers provide more and more evidence that it is necessary to develop an ecologically friendly approach to pest control. This is reflected in a sharp increase in the value of the biological insecticide market in recent decades. In our study, we found a virus strain belonging to the genus Cypovirus (Reoviridae); the strain was isolated from Dendrolimus sibiricus, possessing attractive features as a candidate for mass production of biological agents for lepidopteran-pest control. We describe the morphological, molecular, and ecological features of the new Cypovirus strain. This strain was found to be highly virulent to D. sibiricus (the half-lethal dose is 25 occlusion bodies per second-instar larva) and to have a relatively wide host range (infecting representatives of five families of Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Sphingidae, Pieridae, Noctuidae, and Lasiocampidae). The virus strain showed a strong interaction with a nontoxic adjuvant (optical brightener), which decreased the lethal dose for both main and alternative hosts, decreased lethal time, and may expand the host range. Moreover, we demonstrated that the insecticidal features were preserved after passaging through the most economically suitable host. By providing strong arguments for the possible use of this strain in pest control, we call on virologists, pest control specialists, and molecular biologists to give more attention to the Cypovirus genus, which may lead to new insights in the field of pest control research and may provide significant advantages to compare with baculoviruses and Bacillus thuringiensis products which are nowadays main source of bioinsecticides. IMPORTANCE In this article, we describe a newly discovered cypovirus strain that displays features ideally suited for the development of a modern biological insecticide: high potency, relatively broad host range, true regulating effect, flexible production (possibility to choose host species for production), interaction with enhancing adjuvants, and ecologically friendly. Based on an alignment of CPV genomes, we suggest that the enhanced host range of this new strain is the sequence of evolutionary events that occurred after coinfections involving different CPV species within the same host. These findings suggest that we need to positively reconsider CPVs as prospective agents as biocontrol products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav V. Martemyanov
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Yuriy B. Akhanaev
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina A. Belousova
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Pavlusin
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria E. Yakimova
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Information Biology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Daria D. Kharlamova
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Ageev
- Center of Forest Pyrology, Development of Forest Ecosystem Conservation, Forest Protection and Regeneration Technologies, branch of All-Russia Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anna N. Golovina
- Center of Forest Pyrology, Development of Forest Ecosystem Conservation, Forest Protection and Regeneration Technologies, branch of All-Russia Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Astapenko
- Center of Forest Pyrology, Development of Forest Ecosystem Conservation, Forest Protection and Regeneration Technologies, branch of All-Russia Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Kolosov
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Grigory G. Ananko
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Oleg S. Taranov
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Shvalov
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Bodnev
- FBRI State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | | | - Inna V. Grushevaya
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin – St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Yuri S. Tokarev
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin – St. Petersburg, Russia
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Progress on the Bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Application Within the Biological Control Program in Iran. PROGRESS IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63990-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Wakil W, Tahir M, Al-Sadi AM, Shapiro-Ilan D. Interactions Between Two Invertebrate Pathogens: An Endophytic Fungus and an Externally Applied Bacterium. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:522368. [PMID: 33329412 PMCID: PMC7734284 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.522368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of family Noctuidae exist in diverse environments and many species from this group are of agriculture importance, particularly Helicoverpa spp. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of many legumes and cereal crops. Due to environmental and regulatory concerns, safe alternatives to broad spectrum chemical insecticides are needed for the control of key noctuid pests such as H. armigera. A strain of Beauveria bassiana (Cordycipitaceae: Hypocreales) was evaluated for its ability to colonize endophytically in chickpea plants, and its effectiveness against second (L2) and fourth (L4) larval instars of H. armigera. B. bassiana was inoculated to chickpea plants through injection and endophytic establishment was confirmed by re-isolating the fungi from leaf samples. A detached leaf assay was used to evaluate pathogenicity. Bacillus thuringiensis was also applied to both larval stages through leaf dip method. In a novel approach, combined treatments of bacteria and endophytic fungi were compared with single-pathogen treatments. Relative to the single treatments, the combined pathogen treatments exhibited an increase in larval mortality, and decrease in pupation, adult emergence and egg eclosion. Specifically, synergistic effects on mortality were observed when larvae were exposed to simultaneous application of B. bassiana (1 × 108 conidia ml-1) with B. thuringiensis (0.75 μg ml-1). Both instars exhibited varying level of growth, development, frass production, diet consumption and fecundity when exposed to the chickpea leaves inoculated with endophytic B. bassiana and dipped with sub-lethal doses of B. thuringiensis. These findings indicate that the integrated application of endophytic colonized B. bassiana and B. thuringiensis can be effectively used against H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah M. Al-Sadi
- Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Abid AD, Saeed S, Zaka SM, Shahzad S, Ali M, Iqbal M, Iqbal N, Jamal ZA. Field evaluation of nucleopolyhedrosis virus and some biorational insecticides against Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2106-2110. [PMID: 32714035 PMCID: PMC7376122 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
American bolloworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) is considered as a major pest of various crops all over the world. It is mainly controlled by indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides in the world due to which this pest developed resistance to most of the available insecticides. Therefore, in the current study, the efficacy of virulent strain of HaNPV (0.5 × 109 PIB/ml) alone and in combination with recommended doses of spintoram (20 g/100 L of water) and emamectin benzoate (200 ml/100 L of water) was tested in field. The combination of HaNPV with spintoram and emamectin benzoate 100% reduced the larval population as compared to emamectin benzoate and HaNPV alone. This suggested that the combination of spintoram and emamectin benzoate with HaNPV could be used in field to manage the infestation of H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allah Ditta Abid
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.,Department of Plant Protection, Karachi Ministry of National Food Security, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Saeed
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.,Institute of Plant Protection, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Zaka
- Department of Entomology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Shahzad
- Department of Plant Protection, Karachi Ministry of National Food Security, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.,Qauid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Naeem Iqbal
- Institute of Plant Protection, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Zakia A Jamal
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr 46429, Saudi Arabia
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Qayyum MA, Saleem MA, Saeed S, Wakil W, Ishtiaq M, Ashraf W, Ahmed N, Ali M, Ikram RM, Yasin M, Maqsood S, Kiran S, Qaiser MF, Ayaz RA, Nawaz MZ, Abid AD, Khan KA, Alamri SA. Integration of entomopathogenic fungi and eco-friendly insecticides for management of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1811-1817. [PMID: 32565700 PMCID: PMC7296496 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) is a voracious pest of date palm worldwide. Pakistan ranks sixth in date palm production globally. Losses to date palm plantations in Pakistan sometimes surpass 10%-20%. Most of the traditional management strategies used by farmers have been found insignificant to combat this voracious pest. The entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana [QA-3(L) and QA-3(H)] and insecticides, Nitenpyram (Active 10% SL) [NIT (L) and NIT (H)] were applied to larval (2nd, 4th, and 6th), pupal and adult stages of R. ferrugienus. Integration or alone application of fungi with insecticides at different concentration under laboratory conditions. Combined application was depicted additive and synergistic interactions. Contrarily, highest cumulative mortality (100%) was recorded in 2nd instar larvae as compared to later instar larvae at combined application. The maximum pupal and adult mortality remained 89% and 66% respectively after treatment with [QA-3 (H) + NIT (L)]. The combination of B. bassiana at higher concentration whereas Nitenpyram at lower dose was found more lethal to larvae, pupae and adults of R. ferrugineus. This signifies the need of combining B. bassiana and bio-rational insecticides that can reduce the cost of management with least harm to environment and natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Abdul Qayyum
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Saleem
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Saeed
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Wakil
- Department of Continuing Education, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ashraf
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muqarrab Ali
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Rao Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture Bahauddin Zakariya University (BZU), Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Maqsood
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Kiran
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem Qaiser
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Rao Ahsan Ayaz
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeshan Nawaz
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Allah Ditta Abid
- Department of Plant Protection, Karachi Ministry of National Food Security, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad A. Alamri
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Center for Environmental and Tourism Research and Studies, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 3100, Abha 61471, Saudi Arabia
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Abid AD, Saeed S, Zaka SM, Ali M, Shahzad MS, Khan KA, Iqbal N. Manifold passages in an assorted infection in a host could improve virulence of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaNPV). Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1419-1422. [PMID: 32489276 PMCID: PMC7253915 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is serious pests of cotton and several other crops. Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaNPV) can be important alternative to synthetic insecticides for the management of H. armigera. However, the efficacy of HaNPV can vary in horizontal and vertical transmission. In the current study, we evaluated the efficacy of HaNPV of a virulent strain (vertically transmitted up to six generations) and wild strains (used after isolation from the field infected larvae). Both strains were applied to the 2nd instar larvae of H. armigera @ 1 × 109 polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB)/ml. There were six replications of each strain (strains). The results indicated higher mortalities in larvae exposed to virulent strains (68.33 ± 6.07%) as compared to wild strain (45 ± 2.24%). Virulent strains killed the larvae quite faster than wild strain. The lethal time (LT50) to kill 50% of the larvae by virulent strain was 7.15 days and for wild strain it was 19.47 days. The results showed that multiple passage of HaNPV through several generations enhances its efficacy to kill H. armigera larvae faster. The results of this study will be helpful to manage H. armigera and other related lepidopoterous pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allah Ditta Abid
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.,Department of Plant Protection, Karachi Ministry of National Food Security, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Saeed
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.,Institute of Plant Protection, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan (60000), Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Zaka
- Department of Entomology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (60800), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (60800), Pakistan.,Qauid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- Institute of Plant Protection, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan (60000), Pakistan
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Pauli G, Moura Mascarin G, Eilenberg J, Delalibera Júnior I. Within-Host Competition between Two Entomopathogenic Fungi and a Granulovirus in Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). INSECTS 2018; 9:insects9020064. [PMID: 29899228 PMCID: PMC6023289 DOI: 10.3390/insects9020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We provide insights into how the interactions of two entomopathogenic fungi and a virus play a role in virulence, disease development, and pathogen reproduction for an economically important insect crop pest, the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). In our model system, we highlight the antagonistic effects of the co-inoculation of Beauveria bassiana and granulovirus (DisaGV) on virulence, compared to their single counterparts. By contrast, combinations of Metarhizium anisopliae and B. bassiana, or M. anisopliae and DisaGV, have resulted in additive effects against the insect. Intriguingly, most cadavers that were derived from dual or triple infections, produced signs/symptoms of only one species after the death of the infected host. In the combination of fungi and DisaGV, there was a trend where a higher proportion of viral infection bearing conspicuous symptoms occurred, except when the larvae were inoculated with M. anisopliae and DisaGV at the two highest inoculum rates. Co-infections with B. bassiana and M. anisopliae did not affect pathogen reproduction, since the sporulation from co-inoculated larvae did not differ from their single counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Pauli
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Pádua Dias, 11, C.P. 9, CEP 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Moura Mascarin
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Pádua Dias, 11, C.P. 9, CEP 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
- Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP-340, km 127.5, S/N-Tanquinho Velho, CEP 13820-000 Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jørgen Eilenberg
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C., Denmark.
| | - Italo Delalibera Júnior
- Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Pádua Dias, 11, C.P. 9, CEP 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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8
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Maghsoudi S, Jalali E. Noble UV protective agent for Bacillus thuringiensis based on a combination of graphene oxide and olive oil. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11019. [PMID: 28887475 PMCID: PMC5591285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of this study is investigating the performance of graphene oxide (GO) in the protective effect of olive oil on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) after being exposed to UV radiations. Biological pesticides Bt subsp. Kurstaki is one of the most important biological control agents. We compared the protective effect of two UV protectant; GO and olive oil and also the combination of both, on the stability of the formulation of Bt after exposure to UV radiations. Spore viability was measured for protective effect and bioassay test was performed on the formulations of Bt. The combination of GO and olive oil revealed the highest viabilities of 50.62% after 96 h exposure to UV radiation, while viabilities of free spore, olive oil formulation and GO formulation were 32.54%, 37.19%,and 45.20%, respectively. The mortality of irradiated combination formulation on second-instar larvae Ephestia Kuehniella was 68.89%, while the same parameter for free spore, olive oil formulation and GO formulation were 40%, 46.66%,and 56%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Maghsoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran P.O. Box, 76169-133, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Elham Jalali
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran P.O. Box, 76169-133, Kerman, Iran
- Young Researchers Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box, 76175-133, Kerman, Iran
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9
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Wakil W, Yasin M, Shapiro-Ilan D. Effects of single and combined applications of entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Sci Rep 2017; 7:5971. [PMID: 28729649 PMCID: PMC5519636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the insecticidal properties of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora for their virulence against different larval instars of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Both fungi were either applied alone or in combination, with H. bacteriophora simultaneously or 1 and 2 weeks after fungal application; EPN were also applied alone. Moreover, assessment of host development, diet consumption, frass production and weight gain were observed at sub-lethal dose rates. In combined treatments, additive and synergistic interactions were observed. Synergism was observed more frequently in H. bacteriophora + B. bassiana combinations than in H. bacteriophora + M. anisopliae combinations, and was higher in early instars than old instars. In 2nd and 4th instars, synergy was noted in H. bacteriophora + B. bassiana combinations at 0, 7 and 14 d intervals and in 6th instar synergy was observed only in H. bacteriophora + B. bassiana combinations (at 0 and 7 d intervals). A decrease in pupation, adult emergence and egg hatching was enhanced in the combined treatments. Furthermore, reduced weights and variation in duration of insect developmental stages were observed among entomopathogens and enhanced in H. bacteriophora + B. bassiana combinations. Larvae treated with sub-lethal concentrations exhibited reductions in food consumption, growth and frass production and weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Yasin
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University Bahadur Sub-Campus, Layyah, Pakistan
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Little NS, Luttrell RG, Allen KC, Perera OP, Parys KA. Effectiveness of Microbial and Chemical Insecticides for Supplemental Control of Bollworm on Bt and Non-Bt Cottons. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:1039-1051. [PMID: 28334359 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory and field experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of microbial and chemical insecticides for supplemental control of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on non-Bt (DP1441RF) and Bt (DP1321B2RF) cottons. Neonate and 3rd instar larvae survival was evaluated on leaf tissue treated with microbial and chemical insecticides including a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Dipel), a Heliothis (Helicoverpa) nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV; Gemstar), λ-cyhalothrin (Karate Z), and chlorantraniliprole (Prevathon). Residual activity of insecticides was measured in a small plot field experiment. The performance of microbial insecticides, with the exception of a mid-rate of Dipel with neonate larvae, was comparable with that of chemical treatments on non-Bt cotton leaves with regard to 1st and 3rd instar bollworm mortality at 10 d and pupal eclosion at 20-d post treatment. Production-level field evaluations of supplemental bollworm control in non-Bt and Bt cottons with NPV, λ-cyhalothrin, and chlorantraniliprole were also conducted. During both years of the field study, all chemical and microbial treatments were successful in suppressing bollworm larval densities in non-Bt cotton below economic threshold levels. Overall, net returns above bollworm control, regardless of treatment, were negatively correlated with larval abundance and plant damage. In addition, there was no economic benefit for supplemental control of bollworms in Bt cotton at the larval densities observed during this study. These data provide benchmark comparisons for insect resistance management with microbial and chemical insecticides in Bt and non-Bt cottons and strategic optimization of the need to spray non-Bt and Bt cotton in IRM programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Little
- USDA-ARS Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 ( ; ; ; ; )
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - R G Luttrell
- USDA-ARS Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 (; ; ; ; )
| | - K C Allen
- USDA-ARS Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 (; ; ; ; )
| | - O P Perera
- USDA-ARS Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 (; ; ; ; )
| | - K A Parys
- USDA-ARS Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 (; ; ; ; )
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Jarrahi A, Safavi SA. Fitness costs to Helicoverpa armigera after exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato: Study on F1 generation. J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 138:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Marzban R, He Q, Zhang Q, Liu XX. Histopathology of cotton bollworm midgut infected with Helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 44:1231-6. [PMID: 24688516 PMCID: PMC3958192 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822013000400029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was carried out to examine cytopathological effects of Helicoverpa armigera Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (HaCPV) on infected midgut cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) using transmission and scanning electron microscope. The symptoms on infected host larvae of the host, compared with healthy ones, were getting swollen with milky-white and fragile Histopathological examinations showed infection with HaCPV small polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) after 1 or 2 days which were observed in columnar cells of midgut. Virions were partially or completely occupied in a polyhedral matrix to form polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) at periphery of virogenic stroma. PIBs were measured 0.5 to 3.5 μm and virions about 46 nm in diameter. Microvilli of infected columnar cells were affected and degenerated immediately prior to rupture of the cell. Some infected columnar cells ruptured to release PIB into the gut lumen 3 days after infection. In addition, PIB were found in goblet cells, 5 or 6 days after infection. Infected goblet cells degenerate to such an extent that only a few of the original microvillus-like cytoplasmic projections and cell organells were left. These cytopathic effects caused in the midgut by HaCPV on cotton bollworm larvae are essentially similar to those have been reported for lepidoperan and dipteran infection by CPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Marzban
- Department of Biological Control, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran. ; Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xia Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Schmidt NR, Haywood JM, Bonning BC. Toward the physiological basis for increased Agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection following feeding of Agrotis ipsilon larvae on transgenic corn expressing Cry1Fa2. J Invertebr Pathol 2009; 102:141-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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