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Agpoon IEP, Aya FA, Watanabe K, Bennett RM, Aki T, Dedeles GR. Pichia kudriavzevii as feed additive in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diet. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae057. [PMID: 38906842 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Yeasts are unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms extensively employed in various applications, notably as an alternative source of protein in feeds, owing to their nutritional benefits. Despite their potential, marine and mangrove yeast species used in the aquaculture industry have received little attention in the Philippines. Pichia kudriavzevii (A2B R1 ISO 3), sourced from bark samples, was selected and mass-produced due to its high protein content and amino acid profile. The dried biomass of P. kudriavzevii was incorporated into the diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles at varying inclusion levels (0, 1, 2, and 4 g/kg diet) and its effect on their growth performance, body composition, and liver and intestinal morphology was assessed after 40 days of feeding. The groups that received P. kudriavzevii at a concentration of 2 g/kg diet exhibited higher final body weight, percent weight gain, and specific growth rate in comparison to the other treatment groups. Whole body proximate composition did not vary among the dietary groups. Intestinal and liver histopathology also indicated no abnormalities. These findings suggest the potential of ascomycetous P. kudriavzevii as a beneficial feed additive in Nile tilapia diets, warranting further investigation into its long-term effects and broader applications in fish culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- I E P Agpoon
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
- Laboratory of Pure and Applied Microbiology, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
| | - F A Aya
- Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Binangonan Freshwater Station, Binangonan, Rizal 1940, the Philippines
| | - K Watanabe
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - R M Bennett
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
- Laboratory of Pure and Applied Microbiology, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
| | - T Aki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - G R Dedeles
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
- Laboratory of Pure and Applied Microbiology, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines
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Qiao Y, Han F, Lu K, Zhou L, Rombenso A, Li E. Effects of Dietary β-Glucan Feeding Strategy on the Growth, Physiological Response, and Gut Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, under Low Salinity. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3778. [PMID: 38136815 PMCID: PMC10740417 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of a dietary β-glucan application strategy on the growth performance, physiological response, and gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (0.49 ± 0.17 g) under low salinity. Six feeding strategies were established, including a continuous β-glucan-free diet group (control), a continuously fed group with a 0.1% β-glucan diet (T1), and groups with the following intermittent feeding patterns: 1 day of β-glucan diet and 6 days of β-glucan-free diet (T2), 2 days of β-glucan diet and 5 days of β-glucan-free diet (T3), 3 days of β-glucan diet and 4 days of β-glucan-free diet (T4), and 4 days of β-glucan diet and 3 days of β-glucan-free diet (T5) each week. No significant differences in growth performance among all the groups were found, although the condition factor was significantly higher in the T3 group than in the T1 and T5 groups (p < 0.05). The T-AOC and GPX activities were significantly lower in the T3 group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The MDA content was also significantly lower in the T2 group than in the T3 and T4 groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the mRNA expression of the Pen3a gene was significantly upregulated in the hepatopancreas of the T4 group compared to the control and T5 groups (p < 0.05), and the Toll gene was also significantly upregulated in the T3 group compared to the T1 and T2 groups (p < 0.05). Dietary β-glucan induced changes in the alpha diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in different feeding strategies. The beta diversity of the gut microbiota in the T2 group was significantly different from that in the control group. The results of a KEGG analysis showed that gut function in the carbohydrate metabolism, immune system, and environmental adaptation pathways was significantly enhanced in the T3 group. These findings provide evidence that the intermittent feeding strategy of β-glucan could alleviate immune fatigue, impact antioxidant ability, and change gut microbiota composition of L. vannamei under low salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (K.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Fenglu Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (K.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Kunyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (K.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (K.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Artur Rombenso
- CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island Research Centre, Bribie Island, QLD 4507, Australia;
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
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Flores-Pérez MB, Yépez EA, Robles-Morúa A, Villa-Ibarra M, Bórquez-López R, Gil-Núñez JC, Lares-Villa F, Casillas-Hernández R. Eco-efficiency assessment of disease-infected shrimp farming in Mexico using environmental impact assessment tools. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159737. [PMID: 36374759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mexico ranks second in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production of in Latin America with significant annual growth, however, during 2011 shrimp production fell by almost 50 % due to the presence of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). In this context, a life cycle analysis (LCA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) were performed on 76 commercial farms severely affected by the presence of WSSV in northwestern Mexico. The application of this combined methodology allowed a detailed quantification of different environmental impact categories. During the presence of WSSV, there was a negative effect on the feed conversion ratio (FCR) (>40 %), higher consumption of seawater (38 %), and energy (38 %). Consequently, operational outputs related to the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus increased by 60 and 57 %, respectively. Similarly, CO2 emissions, increased by 38 % relative to a typical year of production. Overall, the main critical points in the impact categories analyzed are related to food (98 %), use of diesel (23 %), and rearing (24 %), dominating pollutants emissions in all categories. Consequently, an improvement scenario was evaluated related to innovation in the formulation of foods supplied with immunostimulants, which confer protection against pathogenic microorganisms. This scenario lead to a reduction environmental impact of about 82 %. The results of this analysis will be a useful resource in the design of mitigation strategies with innovation processes that allow maintaining yields for shrimp producers in this region and at the same time reduce the environmental impacts generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B Flores-Pérez
- Doctoral Program in Sciences Specialty in Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technological Institute of Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico
| | - Enrico A Yépez
- Department of Water and Environmental Sciences, Technological Institute of Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico
| | - Agustín Robles-Morúa
- Department of Water and Environmental Sciences, Technological Institute of Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Bórquez-López
- Department of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, Technological Institute of Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Gil-Núñez
- Department of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, Technological Institute of Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico
| | - Fernando Lares-Villa
- Department of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, Technological Institute of Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico
| | - Ramón Casillas-Hernández
- Department of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, Technological Institute of Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico.
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Kumar S, Verma AK, Singh SP, Awasthi A. Immunostimulants for shrimp aquaculture: paving pathway towards shrimp sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:25325-25343. [PMID: 35025041 PMCID: PMC8755978 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
At present, food security is a matter of debate of global magnitude and fulfilling the feeding requirement of > 8 billion human populations by 2030 is one of the major concerns of the globe. Aquaculture plays a significant role to meet the global food requirement. Shrimp species such as Litopenaeus vannamei, Penaeus monodon, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii are among the most popular food commodities worldwide. As per Global Outlook for Aquaculture Leadership survey, disease outbreaks have been a matter of concern from the past many decades regarding the shrimp aquaculture production. Among the past disease outbreaks, white spot disease caused by the white spot syndrome virus is considered to be one of the most devastating ones that caused colossal losses to the shrimp industry. Since the virus is highly contagious, it spreads gregariously among the shrimp population; hence, practicing proper sanitization practices is crucial in order to have disease-free shrimps. Additionally, in order to control the disease, antibiotics were used that further leads to bioaccumulation and biomagnification of antibiotics in several food webs. The bioaccumulation of the toxic residues in the food webs further adversely affected human too. Recently, immunostimulants/antivirals were used as an alternative to antibiotics. They were found to enhance the immune system of shrimps in eco-friendly manner. In context to this, the present paper presents a critical review on the immunostimulants available from plants, animals, and chemicals against WSSV in shrimps. Looking into this scenario, maintaining proper sanitation procedures in conjunction with the employment of immunostimulants may be a viable approach for preserving shrimp aquaculture across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arunima Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Government Autonomous P.G. College, Madhya Pradesh, Satna, India
| | - Shivesh Pratap Singh
- Department of Zoology, Government Autonomous P.G. College, Madhya Pradesh, Satna, India
| | - Abhishek Awasthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Effects of dietary yeast culture on health status in digestive tract of juvenile Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 3:100065. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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6
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El-naby ASA, Eid AE, Gaafar AY, Sharawy Z, Khattaby AA, El-sharawy MS, Asely AME, Asely AE. Overall evaluation of the replacement of fermented soybean to fish meal in juvenile white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei diet: growth, health status, and hepatopancreas histomorphology.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2250007/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of replacing fishmeal (FM) with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) for 12 weeks on the growth performance, feed utilization, immunological parameters, antioxidant enzymes assays and lipid peroxidation, digestive enzymes, and histopathological analysis of juvenile Litopeneaus vannamei (L. vannamei). By substituting 0.0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% FSBM for fishmeal (w/w), four isonitrogenous diets were generated. A total of 300 juvenile L. vannamei(1.59 ±0.01 g) were randomly allocated to the experimental fiber tanks at a rate of fifteen shrimp per tank, with three replicates for each treatment. Growth performance and feed utilization decline considerably (P < 0.05) with increasing amounts of FM replacement with FSBM in diets. In comparison to the juveniles fed the other experimental diets, the diet containing a moderate level of FM replacement (20% FSBM) considerably enhanced growth performance and feed consumption during the feeding trial. The 20% FSBM-fed group had the highest protein content. In contrast, raising FSBM levels significantly increased lipid content (P < 0.05) compared to the control. However, there were no statistically significant differences (P> 0.05) across FSBM treatments. Hemolymph plasma total protein (TP) concentration and lysozyme activity were substantially greater (P < 0.05) in 20% FSBM compared to 40% FSBM (P < 0.05). In addition, 20% FSBM exhibits a substantial (P < 0.05) increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT SOD, GPX, and GR). In contrast, the control and 30% FSBM groups had considerably more lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) than the 20% and 40% FSBM groups. Hepatopancreas amylase activity was considerably elevated (P < 0.05) in the control group and with 40% FSBM. In addition, Hepatopancreas and intestinal protease and lipase activity increased significantly by 20% FSBM. Considerably more B-cells were present in the 40% FSBM diet than in the control diet, however they were significantly less prevalent in the 20% and 30% FSBM of diets (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zaki Sharawy
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
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7
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Licona-Jain A, Racotta I, Angulo C, Luna-González A, Escamilla-Montes R, Cortés-Jacinto E, Morelos-Castro RM, Campa-Córdova ÁI. Combined administration routes of marine yeasts enhanced immune-related genes and protection of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:192-200. [PMID: 35398528 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic usage to control infectious diseases in shrimp aquaculture has led to serious problems on antimicrobial resistance. An alternative to mitigate this issue is the use of probiotics, which can be easily administered by feed and water. This study examines immunomodulatory and protective effects of the marine yeasts Debaryomyces hansenii CBS8339 (Dh) and Yarrowia lipolytica Yl-N6 (Yl) -alone and mixed-in white shrimp Penaeus vannamei post-larvae. Administration routes (fed and water alone or in combination), supplementation frequency and time elapsed after the last dietary supplement were tested on growth and gene expression of penaeidin, lectin, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase, as well as survival upon Vibrio parahaemolyticus IPNGS16 challenge. Penaeidin and lectin genes were upregulated in post-larvae fed orally with Yl or combined Dh + Yl. Higher growth and survival for yeast supplementation treatments were observed compared to the control group, mainly when yeasts (Dh + Yl) and administration routes (feed and water) were combined. In conclusion, mixed yeast and combined administration routes improved growth and immunity against V. parahaemolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Licona-Jain
- Grupo de Inmunología y Vacunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Ilie Racotta
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Grupo de Inmunología y Vacunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Antonio Luna-González
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes #250, Guasave, Sinaloa, 81100, Mexico
| | - Ruth Escamilla-Montes
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes #250, Guasave, Sinaloa, 81100, Mexico
| | - Edilmar Cortés-Jacinto
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Morelos-Castro
- CONACYT, Unidad Nayarit del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Calle Dos #23, Ciudad del Conocimiento, C. P. 63175, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Ángel I Campa-Córdova
- Grupo de Inmunología y Vacunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico.
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Licona-Jain A, Campa-Córdova Á, Luna-González A, Racotta IS, Tello M, Angulo C. Dietary supplementation of marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica modulates immune response in Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 105:469-476. [PMID: 32712232 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The immunostimulatory potential of the marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (D1 and N6 strains) administered orally was evaluated in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Yeasts and commercial glucans were mixed with a commercial feed to formulate diets with a 1.1% concentration of immunostimulants. The shrimp were fed daily for a period of 21 days. Weekly determinations were performed for immunological parameters in hemolymph, such as total hemocyte count (THC), lysozyme activity (LYZ), prophenoloxidase activity, antioxidant enzymatic activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and peroxidases), and bactericidal activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Expression profiles of penaeidin (PEN), lysozyme (LYZ), and prophenoloxidase (proPO) immune genes were evaluated in hemocytes. In general, an increase in the immune parameters was observed in shrimp fed yeast diet compared to glucan and the control diets. Yarrowia lipolytica, especially strain N6, provided maximum immunostimulatory effects evidenced by the increase of immune parameters (THC, LYZ, SOD, CAT) and gene expression profile. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Y. lipolytica had immunostimulatory effects and increased bactericidal activity in L. vannamei hemocytes against V. parahaemolyticus. These findings open the path for the potential application of Y. lipolytica-based immunostimulant for shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Licona-Jain
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico
| | - Ángel Campa-Córdova
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico
| | - Antonio Luna-González
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Centro Interdiciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (Sinaloa), Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes #250, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Ilie S Racotta
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico
| | - Marlene Tello
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico.
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Abstract
Single-cell ingredients (SCI) are a relatively broad class of materials that encompasses bacterial, fungal (yeast), microalgal-derived products or the combination of all three microbial groups into microbial bioflocs and aggregates. In this review we focus on those dried and processed single-cell organisms used as potential ingredients for aqua-feeds where the microorganisms are considered non-viable and are used primarily to provide protein, lipids or specific nutritional components. Among the SCI, there is a generalised dichotomy in terms of their use as either single-cell protein (SCP) resources or single-cell oil (SCO) resources, with SCO products being those oleaginous products containing 200 g/kg or more of lipids, whereas those products considered as SCP resources tend to contain more than 300 g/kg of protein (on a dry basis). Both SCP and SCO are now widely being used as protein/amino acid sources, omega-3 sources and sources of bioactive molecules in the diets of several species, with the current range of both these ingredient groups being considerable and growing. However, the different array of products becoming available in the market, how they are produced and processed has also resulted in different nutritional qualities in those products. In assessing this variation among the products and the application of the various types of SCI, we have taken the approach of evaluating their use against a set of standardised evaluation criteria based around key nutritional response parameters and how these criteria have been applied against salmonids, shrimp, tilapia and marine fish species.
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Wang X, Jiang X, Wu F, Ma Y, Che X, Chen X, Liu P, Zhang W, Ma X, Chen G. Microbial Poly‐3‐Hydroxybutyrate (PHB) as a Feed Additive for Fishes and Piglets. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900132. [PMID: 31119892 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
| | - Xiao‐Ran Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
| | - Fuqing Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
- Center for Nano and Micro‐MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
- MOE Key Lab for Industrial BiocatalysisTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
| | - Yiming Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
- Center for Nano and Micro‐MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
| | - Xuemei Che
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
- Center for Nano and Micro‐MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
| | - Xiyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road Beijing 100193 China
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road Beijing 100193 China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education)Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003 China
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road Beijing 100193 China
| | - Guo‐Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua‐Peking Center for Life Sciences, Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
- Center for Nano and Micro‐MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
- MOE Key Lab for Industrial BiocatalysisTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China
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Wang ZJ, Ma W, Yang JM, Kang Y, Park YD. Effects of Cu2+ on alkaline phosphatase from Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:116-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Babu DT, Archana K, Kachiprath B, Solomon S, Jayanath G, Singh ISB, Philip R. Marine actinomycetes as bioremediators in Penaeus monodon rearing system. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 75:231-242. [PMID: 29407617 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Actinomycetes (277 Nos) isolated from marine environment and shrimp culture pond sediments were tested for hydrolytic enzyme production and biogranulation property. Potential isolates were screened for their efficacy in bioremediation of shrimp culture system. Based on the BOD reduction efficiency and water quality parameters, five actinomycete isolates viz., Streptomyces coelicoflavus (A6), Streptomyces diastaticus (A44), Nocardiopsis alba (A55), Streptomyces parvus (A56) and Streptomyces champavatii (R32) were subjected for tertiary screening in Penaeus monodon larval rearing system and the animals were challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The bioremediating effect of actinomycete treatments were assessed by analysing the expression profile of five antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes viz., anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF), crustin-2, crustin-3, penaeidin-3 and penaeidin-5 and eight immune genes viz., alpha-2-macroglobulin (α-2-M), astakine, glutathione-S-transferase, haemocyanin, peroxinectin, pmCathepsinC, prophenol oxidase (proPO) and Rab-7. Expression of eight WSSV genes viz., DNA polymerase, endonuclease, protein kinase, immediate early gene, latency related gene, ribonucleotide reductase, thymidine kinase and VP28 were also analyzed to detect the presence and intensity of viral infection in the experimental animals post-challenge. Theapplication of consortia (1 g/5 L water) yields better results in terms of significant reduction in BOD of shrimp rearing system showing the bioremediation potential of the marine actinomycete strains. The application of marine actinomycetes viz., Streptomyces coelicoflavus (A6), Streptomyces diastaticus (A44), Nocardiopsis alba (A55), Streptomyces parvus (A56) and Streptomyces champavatii (R32) in granulated form were found to be potential bioremediators in shrimp rearing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya T Babu
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-682016, Kerala, India
| | - K Archana
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-682016, Kerala, India
| | - Bhavya Kachiprath
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-682016, Kerala, India
| | - Solly Solomon
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-682016, Kerala, India
| | - G Jayanath
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-682016, Kerala, India
| | - I S Bright Singh
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-682016, Kerala, India
| | - Rosamma Philip
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-682016, Kerala, India.
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14
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Recent progress in the development of white spot syndrome virus vaccines for protecting shrimp against viral infection. Arch Virol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Afsharnasab M, Kakoolaki S, Mohammadidost M. Immunity enhancement with administration of Gracilaria corticata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared to gamma irradiation in expose to WSSV in shrimp, in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei: A comparative study. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 56:21-33. [PMID: 27377028 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the efficacy of Gracilaria corticata, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and gamma irradiation WSSV as immunostimulants to white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Seven hundred and twenty healthy shrimp SPF L. vannamei subadult with average weight of 10 ± 1.02 g were collected and divided into 8 groups. The first group (T1) was fed with commercial pellet, the second group (T2) fed with S. cerevisiae (2 g/kg), the third group (T3) fed with G. corticata powder mixed with shrimp feed (2 g/kg) and, finally, the fourth group (T4) was fed with commercial pellet and injected intramuscularly gamma irradiant WSSV (1 μl/gbw) for 10 days. The shrimps were then injected with WSSV and maintained for 25 days. The positive control group for each treatment was maintained in the same manner but without injection with WSSV. Moreover, survival rate and immune parameters such as total hemocyte count (THC), total protein plasma (TPP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity and phenoloxidase activity (PO) were determined. Results indicated that the survival rates for groups T4, T3 T2 and T1 were 57.05 ± 3.52%, 22.5 ± 0.5%, 15 ± 1.05% and 00.0 ± 0%, respectively. Ultimately, at the end of the study the shrimp group T4 showed higher hematological data: THC, TPP, SOD, POD and PO. The study concluded that gamma irradiant WSSV is effective immunostimulants in shrimp L. vannamei and the immunity has better performances than those of the G. corticata and S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Afsharnasab
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Org.(AREEO), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Tehran-Karaj High Way, Sarve Azad Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Shapour Kakoolaki
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Org.(AREEO), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Tehran-Karaj High Way, Sarve Azad Ave., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Mohammadidost
- Department of Health, Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, South Iranian Aquaculture Center, Ahvaz, Iran
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16
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Chi Z, Liu GL, Lu Y, Jiang H, Chi ZM. Bio-products produced by marine yeasts and their potential applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:244-252. [PMID: 26724870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been well documented that the yeasts isolated from different marine environments are so versatile that they can produce various fine chemicals, enzymes, bioactive substances, single cell protein and nanoparticles. Many genes related to the biosynthesis and regulation of these functional biomolecules have been cloned, expressed and characterized. All these functional biomolecules have a variety of applications in industries of food, chemical, agricultural, biofuel, cosmetics and pharmacy. In this review, a summary will be given about these functional biomolecules and their producers of the marine yeasts as well as some related genes in order to draw an outline about necessity for further exploitation of marine yeasts and their bio-products for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chi
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, No. 5, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guang-Lei Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, No. 5, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yi Lu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, No. 5, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, No. 5, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhen-Ming Chi
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, No. 5, Qingdao 266003, China.
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17
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Smith VJ, Dyrynda EA. Antimicrobial proteins: From old proteins, new tricks. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:383-98. [PMID: 26320628 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the main types of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) synthesised by crustaceans, primarily those identified in shrimp, crayfish, crab and lobster. It includes an overview of their range of microbicidal activities and the current landscape of our understanding of their gene expression patterns in different body tissues. It further summarises how their expression might change following various types of immune challenges. The review further considers proteins or protein fragments from crustaceans that have antimicrobial properties but are more usually associated with other biological functions, or are derived from such proteins. It discusses how these unconventional AMPs might be generated at, or delivered to, sites of infection and how they might contribute to crustacean host defence in vivo. It also highlights recent work that is starting to reveal the extent of multi-functionality displayed by some decapod AMPs, particularly their participation in other aspects of host protection. Examples of such activities include proteinase inhibition, phagocytosis, antiviral activity and haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Smith
- Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB Scotland, UK.
| | - Elisabeth A Dyrynda
- Centre for Marine Biodiversity & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS Scotland, UK
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18
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Taju G, Madan N, Abdul Majeed S, Kumar TR, Thamizhvanan S, Otta SK, Sahul Hameed AS. Immune responses of whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931), to bacterially expressed dsRNA specific to VP28 gene of white spot syndrome virus. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2015; 38:451-465. [PMID: 24917208 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dsRNA specific to VP28 gene of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) of shrimp was synthesized in Escherichia coli in large scale and studied the immune response of shrimp to dsRNA-VP28. The haematological parameters such as clotting time and total haemocytes counts, and immunological parameters such as prophenoloxidase (proPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), superoxide anion (SOA) and malondialdehyde content, as well as the mRNA expression of ten immune-related genes were examined to estimate the effect of dsRNA-VP28 on the innate immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei. The activities of proPO, SOA and SOD significantly increased in haemocyte after dsRNA-VP28 treatment, whereas MDA content did not change significantly. Among the ten immune-related genes examined, only the mRNA expression of proPO, cMnSOD, haemocyanin, crustin, BGBP, lipopolysaccharides (LPs), lectin and lysozyme in haemocytes, gill and hepatopancreas of L. vannamei, was significantly upregulated at 12 h after dsRNA-VP28 treatment, while no significant expression changes were observed in Toll receptor and tumour receptor genes. The increase of proPO and SOD activities, and SOA level and mRNA expression level of proPO, cMnSOD, haemocyanin, crustin, BGBP, LPs, lectin and lysozyme after dsRNA-VP28 stimulation indicate that these immune-related genes were involved in dsRNA-VP28-induced innate immunity in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Taju
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
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19
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Wilson W, Lowman D, Antony SP, Puthumana J, Bright Singh IS, Philip R. Immune gene expression profile of Penaeus monodon in response to marine yeast glucan application and white spot syndrome virus challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 43:346-356. [PMID: 25555812 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunostimulant potential of eight marine yeast glucans (YG) from Candida parapsilosis R20, Hortaea werneckii R23, Candida spencermartinsiae R28, Candida haemulonii R63, Candida oceani R89, Debaryomyces fabryi R100, Debaryomyces nepalensis R305 and Meyerozyma guilliermondii R340 were tested against WSSV challenge in Penaeus monodon post larvae (PL). Structural characterization of these marine yeast glucans by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) indicated structures containing (1-6)-branched (1-3)-β-D-glucan. PL were fed 0.2% glucan incorporated diet once in seven days for a period of 45 days and the animals were challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The immunostimulatory activity of yeast glucans were assessed pre- and post-challenge WSSV by analysing the expression profile of six antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes viz., anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF), crustin-1, crustin-2, crustin-3, penaeidin-3 and penaeidin-5 and 13 immune genes viz., alpha-2-macroglobulin (α-2-M), astakine, caspase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, haemocyanin, peroxinectin, pmCathepsinC, prophenol oxidase (proPO), Rab-7, superoxide dismutase and transglutaminase. Expression of seven WSSV genes viz., DNA polymerase, endonuclease, protein kinase, immediate early gene, latency related gene, thymidine kinase and VP28 were also analysed to detect the presence and intensity of viral infection in the experimental animals post-challenge. The study revealed that yeast glucans (YG) do possess immunostimulatory activity against WSSV and also supported higher survival (40-70 %) post-challenge WSSV. Among the various glucans tested, YG23 showed maximum survival (70.27%), followed by YG20 (66.66%), YG28 (60.97%), YG89 (58.53%), YG100 (54.05%), YG63 (48.64%), YG305 (45.7%) and YG340 (43.24%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilsy Wilson
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-16, Kerala, India
| | - Douglas Lowman
- AppRidge International, LLC, 1328 Barkley Road, Telford, TN, 37690-2235, USA
| | - Swapna P Antony
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-16, Kerala, India; National Center for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-16, Kerala, India
| | - Jayesh Puthumana
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-16, Kerala, India
| | - I S Bright Singh
- National Center for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-16, Kerala, India
| | - Rosamma Philip
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi-16, Kerala, India.
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20
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Probing the protective mechanism of poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate against vibriosis by using gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana and Vibrio campbellii as host-pathogen model. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9427. [PMID: 25822312 PMCID: PMC4378509 DOI: 10.1038/srep09427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The compound poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), a polymer of the short chain fatty acid ß-hydroxybutyrate, was shown to protect experimental animals against a variety of bacterial diseases, (including vibriosis in farmed aquatic animals), albeit through undefined mechanisms. Here we aimed at unraveling the underlying mechanism behind the protective effect of PHB against bacterial disease using gnotobiotically-cultured brine shrimp Artemia franciscana and pathogenic Vibrio campbellii as host-pathogen model. The gnotobiotic model system is crucial for such studies because it eliminates any possible microbial interference (naturally present in any type of aquatic environment) in these mechanistic studies and furthermore facilitates the interpretation of the results in terms of a cause effect relationship. We showed clear evidences indicating that PHB conferred protection to Artemia host against V. campbellii by a mechanism of inducing heat shock protein (Hsp) 70. Additionally, our results also showed that this salutary effect of PHB was associated with the generation of protective innate immune responses, especially the prophenoloxidase and transglutaminase immune systems – phenomena possibly mediated by PHB-induced Hsp70. From overall results, we conclude that PHB induces Hsp70 and this induced Hsp70 might contribute in part to the protection of Artemia against pathogenic V. campbellii.
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21
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Sun W, Wan W, Zhu S, Wang S, Wang S, Wen X, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Li S. Characterization of a novel anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform (SpALF5) in mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. Mol Immunol 2014; 64:262-75. [PMID: 25553523 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs), the potential antimicrobial peptides that bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are common effectors of innate immunity in crustaceans. In this study, a novel isoform of ALFs (SpALF5) was isolated from the hemocytes of mud crab Scylla paramamosain. The full-length 975bp SpALF5 contains a 375bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 125 amino acids. Although SpALF5 exhibits a low degree of nucleotide homology with other reported ALFs, it contains the conserved amino acid sequence with a signal peptide and a LPS-binding domain including two conservative cysteine residues. The genomic organization of SpALF5 consists of four exons and three introns, with each intron containing one or more tandem repeats. Unlike most of ALFs mainly distributed in crab hemocytes, SpALF5 transcript was predominantly observed in the brain, muscle and skin, while barely detected in the hemocytes in our study. In situ hybridization assay also showed that SpALF5 mRNA was localized in brain, muscle and skin tissues of mud crab. Further, SpALF5 transcript was significantly up-regulated after challenge with LPS, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) (with the except of that in brain), Vibrio parahemolyticus or white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The recombinant SpALF5 protein showed a varying degree of binding activity towards bacteria and fungus. Moreover, in vitro, the recombinant SpALF5 revealed a strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (V. parahemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila) and fungus (Sacchromyces cerevisiae), but could only inhibited the growth of some Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. The results suggest that SpALF5 is a potent immune protector and plays an important role in immune defense against invading pathogens in S. paramamosain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Weisong Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shuo Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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22
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A folding study of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) alkaline phosphatase using denaturants. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 70:266-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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23
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Tang T, Li L, Sun L, Bu J, Xie S, Liu F. Functional analysis of Fenneropenaeus chinensis anti-lipopolysaccharide factor promoter regulated by lipopolysaccharide and (1,3)-β-D-glucan. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 38:348-353. [PMID: 24704418 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Current knowledge on cis-regulatory elements of immune genes of shrimp is poor. In this study, the genomic sequence of the Fenneropenaeus chinensis anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALFFc) gene was obtained by using PCR and genome walking techniques, and the promoter was identified. The ALFFc gene contained three exons interrupted by two introns. Immune-related transcription factor binding sites recognized by nuclear factor-kappa B, octamer binding protein 1, GATA binding factor 1 and specificity protein 1 were identified in the regin from +1 to -702. The activity of ALFFc promoter was analyzed in insect sf9 cell lines. The putative promoter sequence of pALF-702 drive the expression of reporter EGFP gene successfully by adding lipopolysaccharide or (1,3)-β-D-glucan, but the shorter promoter sequence pALF-318 is only by (1,3)-β-D-glucan. The results pointed out that these transcription elements might contribute to the differences in promoter of ALFFc. Our results would provide supports for future studies to identify the functional transcription elements in the ALF promoter and to expand our knowledge on regulation of innate immune genes in Chinese shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Lixiang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Jiachen Bu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Song Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
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