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Emami Meybodi M, Bamarinejad A, Bamarinejad F, Abhari AP, Fakhrolmobasheri M, Khosravi Larijani F, Nasiri S, Shafie D. Prognostic Implication of Preprocedural Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00200. [PMID: 38285645 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common comorbidity in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) who are candidates for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Herein, we sought to elucidate the prognostic value of preprocedural PH on the early and late mortality after TAVI. The Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and ProQuest were screened using a predefined search query. We considered odds ratios (ORs) as the measure of effect. Meta-regression analysis was applied to investigate the potential impact of baseline characteristics on the outcomes. Egger's and Begg's tests were used to assess the publication bias. Thirty-three studies comprising 34 datasets representing 68,435 patients were included in the analysis. Regardless of the definition and severity of PH, pooled data analysis indicated that preprocedural PH was associated with higher cardiac and overall 30-day [OR, 1.45 (1.15-1.82) and OR, 1.75 (1.42-2.17), respectively], and 1-year mortality [OR, 1.63 (1.35-1.96) and OR, 1.59 (1.38-1.82), respectively]. Meta-regression analysis demonstrated that older age, higher New York Heart Association function class, history of hypertension, diabetes, and lower left ventricular ejection fraction were predictors of higher mortality rate following TAVI. Moreover, we found that preprocedural PH is significantly associated with higher in-hospital mortality and 30-day acute kidney injury. Our results demonstrated that preprocedural PH is associated with higher early and late cardiac and overall mortality following TAVI; however, this finding is limited regarding the considerable inconsistency in the definition of PH and PH severity among studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Emami Meybodi
- From the Department of Cardiology, Afshar Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Atefe Bamarinejad
- Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fateme Bamarinejad
- Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Parsa Abhari
- Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fakhrolmobasheri
- Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Shidrokh Nasiri
- Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Davood Shafie
- Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Chopra L, Ueyama H, Dalsania A, Prandi FR, Tang G, Khera S, Melarcode-Krishnamoorthy P, Sharma SK, Kini A, Lerakis S. Prognostic Implication of Pulmonary Hypertension in Low-Flow Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. Am J Cardiol 2023; 208:6-12. [PMID: 37806187 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Prognostic implications of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in low-flow low-gradient (LG) aortic stenosis (AS) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remains unexplored. We aimed to investigate the impact of baseline and changes in PH after TAVR. In this single-center retrospective study, we included patients who underwent TAVR for low-flow LG AS. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: baseline pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) <46 mm Hg (no-to-mild PH) and PASP ≥46 mm Hg (moderate-to-severe PH). On the basis of changes in PASP after TAVR, patients were stratified into increased (ΔPASP ≥ + 5 mm Hg), no change (-4 to +4 mm Hg), and decreased (≤ -5 mm Hg) groups. Primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality and heart failure rehospitalization. In total, 210 patients were included, 148 in the no-to-mild PH group and 62 in the moderate-to-severe PH group. Median follow-up was 13.2 months. The moderate-to-severe PH group was at an increased risk of composite end point (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8 to 6.9), all-cause mortality (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 5.6), and heart failure rehospitalization (HR 8.3, 95% CI 2.9 to 23.7). There were no differences in clinical outcomes among those with increased (32%), no change (28%), and decreased (39%) PASP after TAVR. In conclusion, moderate-to-severe PH at baseline is an independent predictor of worse clinical outcomes in patients with low-flow LG AS who undergo TAVR, and this cohort of patients do not seem to derive the benefits of postoperative reduction of PASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Chopra
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hiroki Ueyama
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Division of Cardiology, Emory Structural Heart and Valve Center, Emory University Hospital Midtown, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ankur Dalsania
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Francesca R Prandi
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Gilbert Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sahil Khera
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Samin K Sharma
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Annapoorna Kini
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Stamatios Lerakis
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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Keizman E, Frogel JK, Ram E, Volvovitch D, Jamal T, Levin S, Raanani E, Sternik L, Kogan A. Early tracheostomy after cardiac surgery improves intermediate- and long-term survival. Med Intensiva 2023; 47:516-525. [PMID: 36868962 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Complicated post-cardiac surgery course, can lead to both prolonged ICU stay and ventilation, and may require a tracheostomy. This study represents the single-center experience with post-cardiac surgery tracheostomy. The aim of this study was to assess the timing of tracheostomy as a risk factor for early, intermediate, and late mortality. The study's second aim was to assess the incidence of both superficial and deep sternal wound infections. DESIGN Retrospective study of prospectively collected data. SETTING Tertiary hospital. PATIENTS Patients were divided into 3 groups, according to the timing of tracheostomy; early (4-10 days); intermediate (11-20 days) and late (≥21 days). INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST The primary outcomes were early, intermediate, and long-term mortality. The secondary outcome was the incidence of sternal wound infection. RESULTS During the 17-year study period, 12,782 patients underwent cardiac surgery, of whom 407 (3.18%) required postoperative tracheostomy. 147 (36.1%) had early, 195 (47.9%) intermediate, and 65 (16%) had a late tracheostomy. Early, 30-day, and in-hospital mortality was similar for all groups. However, patients, who underwent early- and intermediate tracheostomy, demonstrated statistically significant lower mortality after 1- and 5-year (42.8%; 57.4%; 64.6%; and 55.8%; 68.7%; 75.4%, respectively; P < .001). Cox model demonstrated age [1.025 (1.014-1.036)] and timing of tracheostomy [0.315 (0.159-0.757)] had significant impacts on mortality. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a relationship between the timing of tracheostomy after cardiac surgery and mortality: early tracheostomy (within 4-10 days of mechanical ventilation) is associated with better intermediate- and long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Keizman
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Jonathan K Frogel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Sheba Medical Centre, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Eilon Ram
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - David Volvovitch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Tamer Jamal
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Shany Levin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ehud Raanani
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Leonid Sternik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Alexander Kogan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leviev Cardiothoracic and Vascular Centre, Sheba Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Cardiac Surgery ICU, Sheba Medical Centre, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
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Boxhammer E, Berezin AE, Paar V, Bacher N, Topf A, Pavlov S, Hoppe UC, Lichtenauer M. Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Non-Invasive Ways of Risk Stratification, Especially in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040603. [PMID: 35455719 PMCID: PMC9026430 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with severe aortic valve stenosis and concomitant pulmonary hypertension show a significantly reduced survival prognosis. Right heart catheterization as a preoperative diagnostic tool to determine pulmonary hypertension has been largely abandoned in recent years in favor of echocardiographic criteria. Clinically, determination of echocardiographically estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure falls far short of invasive right heart catheterization data in terms of accuracy. The aim of the present systematic review was to highlight noninvasive possibilities for the detection of pulmonary hypertension in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis, with a special focus on cardiovascular biomarkers. A total of 525 publications regarding echocardiography, cardiovascular imaging and biomarkers related to severe aortic valve stenosis and pulmonary hypertension were analyzed in a systematic database analysis using PubMed Central®. Finally, 39 publications were included in the following review. It was shown that the current scientific data situation, especially regarding cardiovascular biomarkers as non-invasive diagnostic tools for the determination of pulmonary hypertension in severe aortic valve stenosis patients, is poor. Thus, there is a great scientific potential to combine different biomarkers (biomarker scores) in a non-invasive way to determine the presence or absence of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Boxhammer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Alexander E. Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University of Zaporozhye, 69035 Zaporozhye, Ukraine;
| | - Vera Paar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Nina Bacher
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Albert Topf
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Sergii Pavlov
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, State Medical University of Zaporozhye, 69035 Zaporozhye, Ukraine;
| | - Uta C. Hoppe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (E.B.); (V.P.); (N.B.); (A.T.); (U.C.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Meng QL, Meng H, Tao J, Yang S, Wang H. The role of left atrial strain in patients with functional tricuspid regurgitation before and after annuloplasty: a long-term follow-up study. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2021; 19:33. [PMID: 34663325 PMCID: PMC8522237 DOI: 10.1186/s12947-021-00264-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is common among patients with left heart disease and may recur during the follow-up period after selective tricuspid valve annuloplasty (TVA). This study aims to analyse the relationship between left atrial (LA) strain and the degree of preoperative functional TR and to explore the role of LA strain in predicting TR recurrence. Methods This study included 63 patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent mitral valve replacement and concomitant TVA. Additionally, 20 healthy controls were enrolled. Preoperative conventional LA echocardiographic parameters and LA strain were measured. The association between LA strain and preoperative functional TR severity was analysed by Pearson correlation. Predictors of recurrent TR were determined by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results Compared with the control group, the mitral stenosis group developed a significant impairment in terms of LA strain. The degree of preoperative functional TR exhibited moderate correlations with LA reservoir strain (r = − 0.57) and LA conduit strain (r = 0.48). During a median follow-up period of 66.4 ± 36.4 months, TR recurred in 18 patients. Preoperative LA reservoir strain and the mean transmitral gradient were predictors of postoperative TR recurrence. When the two indexes were combined to establish a prediction, the sensitivity and specificity of prediction increased. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the combined indicator was higher than those of the single indicators (0.90 vs. 0.70 and 0.72). Conclusions LA strain correlates with preoperative functional TR severity in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. The LA reservoir strain and preoperative mean transmitral gradient are independent predictive factors for recurrent TR after TVA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12947-021-00264-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Long Meng
- Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Meng
- Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Tao
- Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Yang
- Philips (China) Investment Co., Ltd, Shenyang, 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China.
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Hemodynamics Prior to Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension during Long-Term Follow-Up. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173878. [PMID: 34501326 PMCID: PMC8432010 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Pulmonary hypertension after aortic valve replacement (AVR; post-AVR PH) carries a poor prognosis. We assessed the pre-AVR hemodynamic characteristics of patients with versus without post-AVR PH. (2) Methods: We studied 205 patients (mean age 75 ± 10 years) with severe AS (indexed aortic valve area 0.42 ± 0.12 cm2/m2, left ventricular ejection fraction 58 ± 11%) undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) prior to surgical (70%) or transcatheter (30%) AVR. Echocardiography to assess post-AVR PH, defined as estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure > 45 mmHg, was performed after a median follow-up of 15 months. (3) Results: There were 83/205 (40%) patients with pre-AVR PH (defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥ 25 mmHg by RHC), and 24/205 patients (12%) had post-AVR PH (by echocardiography). Among the patients with post-AVR PH, 21/24 (88%) had already had pre-AVR PH. Despite similar indexed aortic valve area, patients with post-AVR PH had higher mPAP, mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (mPAWP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and lower pulmonary artery capacitance (PAC) than patients without. (4) Conclusions: Patients presenting with PH roughly one year post-AVR already had worse hemodynamic profiles in the pre-AVR RHC compared to those without, being characterized by higher mPAP, mPAWP, and PVR, and lower PAC despite similar AS severity.
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Fan J, Liu X, Yu L, Sun Y, Jaiswal S, Zhu Q, Chen H, He Y, Wang L, Ren K, Wang J. Impact of tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricular dysfunction on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Cardiol 2018; 42:206-212. [PMID: 30515860 PMCID: PMC6436507 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Far less attention has been paid to the prognostic effect of right-side heart disease on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) when compared with the left side. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction on outcomes after TAVR. We hypothesized that TR and RV dysfunction may have a deleterious effect on outcomes after TAVR. Article revealing the prognostic effect of TR and RV dysfunction on outcomes after TAVR were being integrated. Random or fixed effect model was adopted in accordance with the heterogeneity. There were nine studies with a total of 6466 patients enrolled after a comprehensive literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. The overall analysis revealed that moderate or severe TR at baseline increased all-cause mortality after TAVR (HR = 1.79, CI 95% 1.52-2.11, P < 0.001). Both baseline RV dysfunction (HR = 1.53, CI 95% 1.27-1.83, P < 0.001) and presence of RV dilation (HR = 1.83, CI 95% 1.47-2.27, P < 0.001) were associated with all-cause mortality. Both baseline moderate or severe TR and RV dysfunction worsen prognosis after TAVR and careful assessment of right heart function should be done for clinical decision by the heart team before the TAVR procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fan
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Echocardiography, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sanjay Jaiswal
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifeng Zhu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin He
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaida Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Kokkinidis DG, Papanastasiou CA, Jonnalagadda AK, Oikonomou EK, Theochari CA, Palaiodimos L, Karvounis HI, Armstrong EJ, Faillace RT, Giannakoulas G. The predictive value of baseline pulmonary hypertension in early and long term cardiac and all-cause mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2018; 19:859-867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Broyd CJ, Panoulas V, Mattar W, Akhtar M, Shekarchi-Khanghahi E, Ioannou A, Raja SG, Mason M, Rahman-Haley S, Skondras E, Dalby M, Luscher TF, Kabir T. Effect of Aortic Valve Calcium Quantity on Outcome After Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty for Severe Aortic Stenosis. Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:1036-1041. [PMID: 30086876 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Balloon aortic valvuloplasty has a role in a select group of patients with severe aortic stenosis. Identifying those appropriate patients who will benefit most is key. Given previous evidence demonstrating that histologically the intervention involves a physical disrupting of the cusp's calcium we hypothesized that the quantity of calcium seen at CT will influence outcome. We examined our cohort of patients who had undergone balloon aortic valvuloplasty and CT-quantified aortic valve calcium (AVC) between July 2011 and April 2014. All patients underwent echocardiography pre- and post-procedure and for those patients managed medically, again at 6 months. A potential predictive AVC value for mortality was calculated using Youden's index. A total of 240 aortic valvuloplasties were performed in 206 patients (male = 124). Valvuloplasty caused a significant (pre 0.63 ± 0.21 vs post 0.77 ± 0.27 cm2, p <0.01, n = 240), but temporary (post 0.80 ± 0.27 vs 6 months: 0.64 ± 0.18 cm2, p <0.01, n = 88) increase in valve area. Those patients with a non-severe AVC (<1853.5 AU) had a larger increase in valve area after valvuloplasty compared with those with more calcium (0.10 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.05 to 0.10] vs 0.15 [95%CI 0.10 to 0.22] cm2, p = 0.049). Multivariate analysis revealed severe AVC (Hazard ratio 2.79, 95% CI 1.18 to 6.63, p = 0.02) along with pulmonary artery pressure post-valvuloplasty (Hazard ratio 1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.03, p = 0.03) to be predictive of survival. In conclusion, in patients with severe aortic stenosis the degree of AVC impacts on the success of valvuloplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Broyd
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom.
| | - Vasileios Panoulas
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Imperial College London
| | - Wala Mattar
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Akhtar
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Eliana Shekarchi-Khanghahi
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Ioannou
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Shahzad G Raja
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Mason
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Shelley Rahman-Haley
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Skondras
- Department of Imaging, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Miles Dalby
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Imperial College London
| | - Thomas F Luscher
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom; Imperial College London
| | - Tito Kabir
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
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Eberhard M, Mastalerz M, Pavicevic J, Frauenfelder T, Nietlispach F, Maisano F, Tanner FC, Nguyen-Kim TDL. Value of CT signs and measurements as a predictor of pulmonary hypertension and mortality in symptomatic severe aortic valve stenosis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017; 33:1637-1651. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-017-1180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Brunner NW, Yue SF, Stub D, Ye J, Cheung A, Leipsic J, Lauck S, Dvir D, Perlman G, Htun N, Fahmy P, Prakash R, Eng L, Ong K, Tsang M, Cairns JA, Webb JG, Wood DA. The prognostic importance of the diastolic pulmonary gradient, transpulmonary gradient, and pulmonary vascular resistance in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 90:1185-1191. [PMID: 28471090 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.27107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between markers of precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) and survival in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). BACKGROUND The importance of precapillary PH has been sparsely investigated in patients undergoing TAVR. It may prove an important risk factor for poor outcomes. METHODS We identified patients at our institution undergoing TAVR with a baseline right heart catheterization (RHC) demonstrating PH. We evaluated the association between markers of precapillary PH and survival including the diastolic pulmonary gradient (DPG), transpulmonary gradient (TPG), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). A multivariable analysis was performed using Cox Proportional Hazards Models, adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) on echocardiography. RESULTS We identified 133 patients with PH on RHC. Of these 111 had low DPG and 22 had high DPG. All 3 markers of precapillary PH were associated with worse survival post TAVR, with OR of 2.1 (95% CI 1.1-3.9, P = 0.02), 3.4 (95% CI 1.8-6.4, P < 0.001) and 2.5 (95% CI 1.4-4.5, P = 0.003) for high DPG, TPG, and PVR, respectively. On multivariable analysis, both TPG and PVR remained predictors of worse survival, with OR of 3.4 (95% CI 1.7-6.9, P = 0.001) and 2.5 (95% CI 1.4-4.5, P = 0.003). Echocardiographic PASP and DPG were not predictive of survival. CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing TAVR, parameters of precapillary PH are associated with lower survival, and provide incremental prognostication over echocardiographic PASP. RHC should continue to play an important role in risk stratification prior to TAVR. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan W Brunner
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Su Fei Yue
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dion Stub
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jian Ye
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anson Cheung
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathon Leipsic
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sandra Lauck
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Danny Dvir
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gidon Perlman
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nay Htun
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Fahmy
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Roshan Prakash
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lim Eng
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Ong
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Tsang
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John A Cairns
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John G Webb
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David A Wood
- Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul's and Vancouver General Hospitals, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Koifman E, Didier R, Patel N, Jerusalem Z, Kiramijyan S, Ben-Dor I, Negi SI, Wang Z, Goldstein SA, Lipinski MJ, Torguson R, Gai J, Pichard AD, Satler LF, Waksman R, Asch FM. Impact of right ventricular function on outcome of severe aortic stenosis patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Am Heart J 2017; 184:141-147. [PMID: 28224928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction was shown to be associated with adverse outcomes in a variety of cardiac patients and is considered a risk factor for adverse outcome according to the updated Valve Academic Research Consortium criteria. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to assess the impact of RV function at baseline on 1-year mortality among patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). METHODS All patients with severe AS treated with TAVR from May 2007 to March 2015 at our center were included in the present study, and baseline and procedural characteristics were recorded for each patient. The patients were categorized according to RV function at baseline as assessed by current guidelines, and a comparison of mortality rates up to 1 year was performed. RESULTS Among 650 patients, 606 had adequate echocardiogram quality and 146 (24%) had RV dysfunction. There were significant differences between the 2 groups, as patients with RV dysfunction were younger (81±9 vs 84±7 years, P=.01) and were more likely to be male (65% vs 42%, P<.001). In addition, patients with RV dysfunction had higher rates of prior myocardial infarction (26% vs 16%, P=.02) and atrial fibrillation (51% vs 39%, P=.02). Echocardiographic parameters demonstrated higher rates of left ventricular ejection fraction <40% (40% vs 18%, P<.001), tricuspid regurgitation above moderate (16% vs 9%, P=.04), and higher pulmonary artery systolic pressure (50±17 vs 44±16 mm Hg, P<.001) among patients with severe AS and RV dysfunction compared with patients with normal RV function. Despite the unfavorable cardiac function, patients with severe AS undergoing TAVR have similar functional class (P=.22) and mortality rates at 1year (27% vs 23%, log-rank P=.45). CONCLUSIONS Patients with severe AS and RV dysfunction have similar 1-year mortality and functional class after TAVR to patients with normal RV function. The presence of RV dysfunction does not correlate with outcome in patients with severe AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Koifman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Romain Didier
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Nirav Patel
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Zack Jerusalem
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Sarkis Kiramijyan
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Itsik Ben-Dor
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Smita I Negi
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Zuyue Wang
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Steven A Goldstein
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Michael J Lipinski
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Rebecca Torguson
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Jiaxiang Gai
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Augusto D Pichard
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Lowell F Satler
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.
| | - Federico M Asch
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.
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13
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Chen Y, Liu JH, Chan D, Sit KY, Wong CK, Ho KL, Ho LM, Zhen Z, Lam YM, Lau CP, Au WK, Tse HF, Yiu KH. Prevalence, Predictors and Clinical Outcome of Residual Pulmonary Hypertension Following Tricuspid Annuloplasty. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003353. [PMID: 27451465 PMCID: PMC5015373 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Tricuspid annuloplasty is increasingly performed during left heart valve surgery, but the long‐term clinical outcome postoperatively is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to determine whether residual pulmonary hypertension (PHT) contributes to the adverse outcome. Methods and Results One‐hundred thirty‐seven patients (age 61±11 years; men, 30%) who underwent tricuspid annuloplasty during left‐side valve surgery were enrolled. The mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure before surgery was 49±13 mm Hg and 32±15 mm Hg following surgery. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to postoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure: no residual PHT (n=78, 57%), mild residual PHT (n=43, 31%), or significant residual PHT (n=16, 12%). A preoperative larger right ventricular (RV) geometry and tricuspid valve tethering area were associated with mild or significant residual PHT. A total of 24 adverse events (20 heart failures and 4 cardiovascular deaths) occurred during a median follow‐up of 25 months. Kaplan–Meier survival curve demonstrated that patients with significant residual PHT had the highest percentage of adverse events followed by those with mild residual PHT. Patients with no residual PHT had a very low risk of adverse events. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that both mild (hazard ratio=4.94; 95% CI =1.34–18.16; P=0.02) and significant residual PHT (hazard ratio=8.67; 95% CI =2.43–30.98; P<0.01) were independent factors associated with adverse events. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that 43% of patients who underwent tricuspid annuloplasty had residual PHT. The presence of mild or significant residual PHT was associated with adverse events in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Ju-Hua Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Chan
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Ko-Yung Sit
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Ka Wong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Kar-Lai Ho
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Lai-Ming Ho
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhe Zhen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Yui-Ming Lam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Chu-Pak Lau
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Kok Au
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Hang Yiu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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14
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Furukawa A, Abe Y, Ito M, Tanaka C, Ito K, Komatsu R, Haze K, Naruko T, Yoshiyama M, Yoshikawa J. Prediction of aortic stenosis-related events in patients with systolic ejection murmur using pocket-sized echocardiography. J Cardiol 2016; 69:189-194. [PMID: 27012751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported the usefulness of our newly developed visual aortic stenosis (AS) score in screening for AS using pocket-sized echocardiography. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the visual AS score and/or conventional aortic valve calcification score derived from pocket-sized echocardiography can be used to predict AS-related events. METHODS One hundred and nine patients with systolic ejection murmur (SEM) or known AS (64 males, age 75±9 years) were enrolled and a visual AS score and an aortic valve calcification score were assessed using pocket-sized echocardiography. The primary endpoint was defined as AS-related events, including cardiac death and aortic valve replacement, during the follow-up period. RESULTS In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, AS-related events were independently predicted by an aortic valve calcification score ≥3 (HR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1-11; p=0.033) and a visual AS score ≥3 (HR, 15; 95% CI, 1.8-125; p=0.013). During 18±9 months of follow-up, the event-free survival rate was 98% in patients with both a visual AS score <3 and an aortic valve calcification score <3, 90% in patients with either a visual AS score ≥3 or an aortic valve calcification score ≥3 (p<0.0001), and 62% in patients with both a visual AS score ≥3 and an aortic valve calcification score ≥3 (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The combination of visual AS score and aortic valve calcification score derived from pocket-sized echocardiography is useful for predicting AS-related events in patients with SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Furukawa
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yukio Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazato Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryushi Komatsu
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Haze
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiko Naruko
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junichi Yoshikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nishinomiya-Watanabe Cardiovascular Center, Nishinomiya, Japan
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15
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Schewel D, Schewel J, Martin J, Voigtländer L, Frerker C, Wohlmuth P, Thielsen T, Kuck KH, Schäfer U. Impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on pulmonary hyper-tension and clinical outcome in patients with severe aortic valvular stenosis. Clin Res Cardiol 2014; 104:164-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-014-0772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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